xref: /netbsd-src/bin/sh/eval.c (revision ccd9df534e375a4366c5b55f23782053c7a98d82)
1 /*	$NetBSD: eval.c,v 1.192 2024/06/15 05:18:48 kre Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Kenneth Almquist.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)eval.c	8.9 (Berkeley) 6/8/95";
39 #else
40 __RCSID("$NetBSD: eval.c,v 1.192 2024/06/15 05:18:48 kre Exp $");
41 #endif
42 #endif /* not lint */
43 
44 #include <stdbool.h>
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #include <signal.h>
47 #include <stdio.h>
48 #include <string.h>
49 #include <errno.h>
50 #include <limits.h>
51 #include <unistd.h>
52 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
53 #include <sys/stat.h>
54 #include <sys/times.h>
55 #include <sys/param.h>
56 #include <sys/types.h>
57 #include <sys/wait.h>
58 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
59 
60 /*
61  * Evaluate a command.
62  */
63 
64 #include "shell.h"
65 #include "nodes.h"
66 #include "syntax.h"
67 #include "expand.h"
68 #include "parser.h"
69 #include "jobs.h"
70 #include "eval.h"
71 #include "builtins.h"
72 #include "options.h"
73 #include "exec.h"
74 #include "redir.h"
75 #include "input.h"
76 #include "output.h"
77 #include "trap.h"
78 #include "var.h"
79 #include "memalloc.h"
80 #include "error.h"
81 #include "show.h"
82 #include "mystring.h"
83 #include "main.h"
84 #ifndef SMALL
85 #include "nodenames.h"
86 #include "myhistedit.h"
87 #endif
88 
89 
90 STATIC struct skipsave s_k_i_p;
91 #define	evalskip	(s_k_i_p.state)
92 #define	skipcount	(s_k_i_p.count)
93 
94 STATIC int loopnest;		/* current loop nesting level */
95 STATIC int funcnest;		/* depth of function calls */
96 STATIC int builtin_flags;	/* evalcommand flags for builtins */
97 /*
98  * Base function nesting level inside a dot command.  Set to 0 initially
99  * and to (funcnest + 1) before every dot command to enable
100  *   1) detection of being in a file sourced by a dot command and
101  *   2) counting of function nesting in that file for the implementation
102  *      of the return command.
103  * The value is reset to its previous value after the dot command.
104  */
105 STATIC int dot_funcnest;
106 
107 
108 const char *commandname;
109 struct strlist *cmdenviron;
110 int exitstatus;			/* exit status of last command */
111 int back_exitstatus;		/* exit status of backquoted command */
112 
113 
114 STATIC void evalloop(union node *, int);
115 STATIC void evalfor(union node *, int);
116 STATIC void evalcase(union node *, int);
117 STATIC void evalsubshell(union node *, int);
118 STATIC void expredir(union node *);
119 STATIC void evalredir(union node *, int);
120 STATIC void evalpipe(union node *);
121 STATIC void evalcommand(union node *, int, struct backcmd *);
122 STATIC void prehash(union node *);
123 
124 STATIC char *find_dot_file(char *);
125 
126 /*
127  * Called to reset things after an exception.
128  */
129 
130 #ifdef mkinit
131 INCLUDE "eval.h"
132 
133 RESET {
134 	reset_eval();
135 }
136 
137 SHELLPROC {
138 	exitstatus = 0;
139 }
140 #endif
141 
142 void
143 reset_eval(void)
144 {
145 	evalskip = SKIPNONE;
146 	dot_funcnest = 0;
147 	loopnest = 0;
148 	funcnest = 0;
149 }
150 
151 static int
152 sh_pipe(int fds[2])
153 {
154 	int nfd;
155 
156 	if (pipe(fds))
157 		return -1;
158 
159 	if (fds[0] < 3) {
160 		nfd = fcntl(fds[0], F_DUPFD, 3);
161 		if (nfd != -1) {
162 			close(fds[0]);
163 			fds[0] = nfd;
164 		}
165 	}
166 
167 	if (fds[1] < 3) {
168 		nfd = fcntl(fds[1], F_DUPFD, 3);
169 		if (nfd != -1) {
170 			close(fds[1]);
171 			fds[1] = nfd;
172 		}
173 	}
174 	return 0;
175 }
176 
177 
178 /*
179  * The eval command.
180  */
181 
182 int
183 evalcmd(int argc, char **argv)
184 {
185 	char *p;
186 	char *concat;
187 	char **ap;
188 
189 	if (argc > 1) {
190 		p = argv[1];
191 		if (argc > 2) {
192 			STARTSTACKSTR(concat);
193 			ap = argv + 2;
194 			for (;;) {
195 				while (*p)
196 					STPUTC(*p++, concat);
197 				if ((p = *ap++) == NULL)
198 					break;
199 				STPUTC(' ', concat);
200 			}
201 			STPUTC('\0', concat);
202 			p = grabstackstr(concat);
203 		}
204 		evalstring(p, builtin_flags & EV_TESTED);
205 	} else
206 		exitstatus = 0;
207 	return exitstatus;
208 }
209 
210 
211 /*
212  * Execute a command or commands contained in a string.
213  */
214 
215 void
216 evalstring(char *s, int flag)
217 {
218 	union node *n;
219 	struct stackmark smark;
220 	int last;
221 	int any;
222 
223 	last = flag & EV_EXIT;
224 	flag &= ~EV_EXIT;
225 
226 	setstackmark(&smark);
227 	setinputstring(s, 1, line_number);
228 
229 	any = 0;	/* to determine if exitstatus will have been set */
230 	while ((n = parsecmd(0)) != NEOF) {
231 		XTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("evalstring: "), showtree(n));
232 		if (n && nflag == 0) {
233 			if (last && at_eof())
234 				evaltree(n, flag | EV_EXIT);
235 			else
236 				evaltree(n, flag);
237 			any = 1;
238 			if (evalskip)
239 				break;
240 		}
241 		rststackmark(&smark);
242 	}
243 	popfile();
244 	popstackmark(&smark);
245 	if (!any)
246 		exitstatus = 0;
247 	if (last)
248 		exraise(EXEXIT);
249 }
250 
251 
252 
253 /*
254  * Evaluate a parse tree.  The value is left in the global variable
255  * exitstatus.
256  */
257 
258 void
259 evaltree(union node *n, int flags)
260 {
261 	bool do_etest;
262 	int sflags = flags & ~EV_EXIT;
263 	union node *next;
264 	struct stackmark smark;
265 
266 	do_etest = false;
267 	if (n == NULL || nflag) {
268 		VTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("evaltree(%s) called\n",
269 		    n == NULL ? "NULL" : "-n"));
270 		if (nflag == 0)
271 			exitstatus = 0;
272 		goto out2;
273 	}
274 
275 	setstackmark(&smark);
276 	do {
277 #ifndef SMALL
278 		displayhist = 1; /* show history substitutions done with fc */
279 #endif
280 		next = NULL;
281 		CTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("pid %d, evaltree(%p: %s(%d), %#x) called\n",
282 		    getpid(), n, NODETYPENAME(n->type), n->type, flags));
283 	/*
284 		if (n->type != NCMD && traps_invalid)
285 			free_traps();
286 	*/
287 		switch (n->type) {
288 		case NSEMI:
289 			evaltree(n->nbinary.ch1, sflags);
290 			if (nflag || evalskip)
291 				goto out1;
292 			next = n->nbinary.ch2;
293 			break;
294 		case NAND:
295 			evaltree(n->nbinary.ch1, EV_TESTED);
296 			if (nflag || evalskip || exitstatus != 0)
297 				goto out1;
298 			next = n->nbinary.ch2;
299 			break;
300 		case NOR:
301 			evaltree(n->nbinary.ch1, EV_TESTED);
302 			if (nflag || evalskip || exitstatus == 0)
303 				goto out1;
304 			next = n->nbinary.ch2;
305 			break;
306 		case NREDIR:
307 			if (traps_invalid)
308 				free_traps();
309 			evalredir(n, flags);
310 			break;
311 		case NSUBSHELL:
312 			evalsubshell(n, flags);
313 			do_etest = !(flags & EV_TESTED);
314 			break;
315 		case NBACKGND:
316 			if (traps_invalid)
317 				free_traps();
318 			evalsubshell(n, flags);
319 			break;
320 		case NIF: {
321 			if (traps_invalid)
322 				free_traps();
323 			evaltree(n->nif.test, EV_TESTED);
324 			if (nflag || evalskip)
325 				goto out1;
326 			if (exitstatus == 0)
327 				next = n->nif.ifpart;
328 			else if (n->nif.elsepart)
329 				next = n->nif.elsepart;
330 			else
331 				exitstatus = 0;
332 			break;
333 		}
334 		case NWHILE:
335 		case NUNTIL:
336 			if (traps_invalid)
337 				free_traps();
338 			evalloop(n, sflags);
339 			break;
340 		case NFOR:
341 			if (traps_invalid)
342 				free_traps();
343 			evalfor(n, sflags);
344 			break;
345 		case NCASE:
346 			if (traps_invalid)
347 				free_traps();
348 			evalcase(n, sflags);
349 			break;
350 		case NDEFUN:
351 			if (traps_invalid)
352 				free_traps();
353 			CTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("Defining fn %s @%d%s\n",
354 			    n->narg.text, n->narg.lineno,
355 			    fnline1 ? " LINENO=1" : ""));
356 			defun(n->narg.text, n->narg.next, n->narg.lineno);
357 			exitstatus = 0;
358 			break;
359 		case NNOT:
360 			evaltree(n->nnot.com, EV_TESTED);
361 			exitstatus = !exitstatus;
362 			break;
363 		case NDNOT:
364 			evaltree(n->nnot.com, EV_TESTED);
365 			if (exitstatus != 0)
366 				exitstatus = 1;
367 			break;
368 		case NPIPE:
369 			if (traps_invalid)
370 				free_traps();
371 			evalpipe(n);
372 			do_etest = !(flags & EV_TESTED);
373 			break;
374 		case NCMD:
375 			evalcommand(n, flags, NULL);
376 			do_etest = !(flags & EV_TESTED);
377 			break;
378 		default:
379 #ifdef NODETYPENAME
380 			out1fmt("Node type = %d(%s)\n",
381 				n->type, NODETYPENAME(n->type));
382 #else
383 			out1fmt("Node type = %d\n", n->type);
384 #endif
385 			flushout(&output);
386 			break;
387 		}
388 		n = next;
389 		rststackmark(&smark);
390 	} while(n != NULL);
391  out1:
392 	popstackmark(&smark);
393  out2:
394 	if (pendingsigs)
395 		dotrap();
396 	if (eflag && exitstatus != 0 && do_etest)
397 		exitshell(exitstatus);
398 	if (flags & EV_EXIT)
399 		exraise(EXEXIT);
400 }
401 
402 
403 STATIC void
404 evalloop(union node *n, int flags)
405 {
406 	int status;
407 
408 	loopnest++;
409 	status = 0;
410 
411 	CTRACE(DBG_EVAL,  ("evalloop %s:", NODETYPENAME(n->type)));
412 	VXTRACE(DBG_EVAL, (" "), showtree(n->nbinary.ch1));
413 	VXTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("evalloop    do: "), showtree(n->nbinary.ch2));
414 	VTRACE(DBG_EVAL,  ("evalloop  done\n"));
415 	CTRACE(DBG_EVAL,  ("\n"));
416 
417 	for (;;) {
418 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch1, EV_TESTED);
419 		if (nflag)
420 			break;
421 		if (evalskip) {
422  skipping:		if (evalskip == SKIPCONT && --skipcount <= 0) {
423 				evalskip = SKIPNONE;
424 				continue;
425 			}
426 			if (evalskip == SKIPBREAK && --skipcount <= 0)
427 				evalskip = SKIPNONE;
428 			if (evalskip == SKIPFUNC || evalskip == SKIPFILE)
429 				status = exitstatus;
430 			break;
431 		}
432 		if (n->type == NWHILE) {
433 			if (exitstatus != 0)
434 				break;
435 		} else {
436 			if (exitstatus == 0)
437 				break;
438 		}
439 		evaltree(n->nbinary.ch2, flags & EV_TESTED);
440 		status = exitstatus;
441 		if (evalskip)
442 			goto skipping;
443 	}
444 	loopnest--;
445 	exitstatus = status;
446 }
447 
448 
449 
450 STATIC void
451 evalfor(union node *n, int flags)
452 {
453 	struct arglist arglist;
454 	union node *argp;
455 	struct strlist *sp;
456 	struct stackmark smark;
457 	int status;
458 
459 	status = nflag ? exitstatus : 0;
460 
461 	setstackmark(&smark);
462 	arglist.lastp = &arglist.list;
463 	for (argp = n->nfor.args ; argp ; argp = argp->narg.next) {
464 		expandarg(argp, &arglist, EXP_FULL | EXP_TILDE);
465 		if (evalskip)
466 			goto out;
467 	}
468 	*arglist.lastp = NULL;
469 
470 	loopnest++;
471 	for (sp = arglist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next) {
472 		line_number = n->nfor.lineno;
473 		if (xflag) {
474 			outxstr(expandstr(ps4val(), line_number));
475 			outxstr("for ");
476 			outxstr(n->nfor.var);
477 			outxc('=');
478 			outxshstr(sp->text);
479 			outxc('\n');
480 			flushout(outx);
481 		}
482 
483 		setvar(n->nfor.var, sp->text, 0);
484 		evaltree(n->nfor.body, flags & EV_TESTED);
485 		status = exitstatus;
486 		if (nflag)
487 			break;
488 		if (evalskip) {
489 			if (evalskip == SKIPCONT && --skipcount <= 0) {
490 				evalskip = SKIPNONE;
491 				continue;
492 			}
493 			if (evalskip == SKIPBREAK && --skipcount <= 0)
494 				evalskip = SKIPNONE;
495 			break;
496 		}
497 	}
498 	loopnest--;
499 	exitstatus = status;
500  out:
501 	popstackmark(&smark);
502 }
503 
504 
505 
506 STATIC void
507 evalcase(union node *n, int flags)
508 {
509 	union node *cp, *ncp;
510 	union node *patp;
511 	struct arglist arglist;
512 	struct stackmark smark;
513 	int status = 0;
514 
515 	setstackmark(&smark);
516 	arglist.lastp = &arglist.list;
517 	line_number = n->ncase.lineno;
518 	expandarg(n->ncase.expr, &arglist, EXP_TILDE);
519 	for (cp = n->ncase.cases; cp && evalskip == 0; cp = cp->nclist.next) {
520 		for (patp = cp->nclist.pattern; patp; patp = patp->narg.next) {
521 			line_number = patp->narg.lineno;
522 			if (casematch(patp, arglist.list->text)) {
523 				while (cp != NULL && evalskip == 0 &&
524 				    nflag == 0) {
525 					if (cp->type == NCLISTCONT)
526 						ncp = cp->nclist.next;
527 					else
528 						ncp = NULL;
529 					line_number = cp->nclist.lineno;
530 					evaltree(cp->nclist.body, flags);
531 					status = exitstatus;
532 					cp = ncp;
533 				}
534 				goto out;
535 			}
536 		}
537 	}
538  out:
539 	exitstatus = status;
540 	popstackmark(&smark);
541 }
542 
543 
544 
545 /*
546  * Kick off a subshell to evaluate a tree.
547  */
548 
549 STATIC void
550 evalsubshell(union node *n, int flags)
551 {
552 	struct job *jp= NULL;
553 	int backgnd = (n->type == NBACKGND);
554 
555 	expredir(n->nredir.redirect);
556 	if (xflag && n->nredir.redirect) {
557 		union node *rn;
558 
559 		outxstr(expandstr(ps4val(), line_number));
560 		outxstr("using redirections:");
561 		for (rn = n->nredir.redirect; rn; rn = rn->nfile.next)
562 			(void) outredir(outx, rn, ' ');
563 		outxstr(" do subshell ("/*)*/);
564 		if (backgnd)
565 			outxstr(/*(*/") &");
566 		outxc('\n');
567 		flushout(outx);
568 	}
569 	INTOFF;
570 	if ((!backgnd && flags & EV_EXIT && !have_traps() && !anyjobs()) ||
571 	    forkshell(jp = makejob(n, 1), n, backgnd?FORK_BG:FORK_FG) == 0) {
572 		if (backgnd)
573 			flags &=~ EV_TESTED;
574 		INTON;
575 		redirect(n->nredir.redirect, REDIR_KEEP);
576 		evaltree(n->nredir.n, flags | EV_EXIT);   /* never returns */
577 	} else if (backgnd) {
578 		jobstarted(jp);
579 		exitstatus = 0;
580 	} else
581 		exitstatus = waitforjob(jp);
582 	INTON;
583 
584 	if (!backgnd && xflag && n->nredir.redirect) {
585 		outxstr(expandstr(ps4val(), line_number));
586 		outxstr(/*(*/") done subshell\n");
587 		flushout(outx);
588 	}
589 }
590 
591 
592 
593 /*
594  * Compute the names of the files in a redirection list.
595  */
596 
597 STATIC void
598 expredir(union node *n)
599 {
600 	union node *redir;
601 
602 	for (redir = n ; redir ; redir = redir->nfile.next) {
603 		struct arglist fn;
604 
605 		fn.lastp = &fn.list;
606 		switch (redir->type) {
607 		case NFROMTO:
608 		case NFROM:
609 		case NTO:
610 		case NCLOBBER:
611 		case NAPPEND:
612 			expandarg(redir->nfile.fname, &fn, EXP_TILDE | EXP_REDIR);
613 			redir->nfile.expfname = fn.list->text;
614 			break;
615 		case NFROMFD:
616 		case NTOFD:
617 			if (redir->ndup.vname) {
618 				expandarg(redir->ndup.vname, &fn, EXP_TILDE | EXP_REDIR);
619 				fixredir(redir, fn.list->text, 1);
620 			}
621 			break;
622 		case NHERE:
623 			redir->nhere.text = redir->nhere.doc->narg.text;
624 			break;
625 		case NXHERE:
626 			redir->nhere.text = expandhere(redir->nhere.doc);
627 			break;
628 		}
629 	}
630 }
631 
632 /*
633  * Perform redirections for a compound command, and then do it (and restore)
634  */
635 STATIC void
636 evalredir(union node *n, int flags)
637 {
638 	struct jmploc jmploc;
639 	struct jmploc * const savehandler = handler;
640 	volatile int in_redirect = 1;
641 	const char * volatile PS4 = NULL;
642 
643 	expredir(n->nredir.redirect);
644 
645 	if (xflag && n->nredir.redirect) {
646 		union node *rn;
647 
648 		outxstr(PS4 = expandstr(ps4val(), line_number));
649 		outxstr("using redirections:");
650 		for (rn = n->nredir.redirect; rn != NULL; rn = rn->nfile.next)
651 			(void) outredir(outx, rn, ' ');
652 		outxstr(" do {\n");	/* } */
653 		flushout(outx);
654 	}
655 
656 	if (setjmp(jmploc.loc)) {
657 		int e;
658 
659 		handler = savehandler;
660 		e = exception;
661 		popredir();
662 		if (PS4 != NULL) {
663 			outxstr(PS4);
664 			/* { */ outxstr("} failed\n");
665 			flushout(outx);
666 		}
667 		if (e == EXERROR || e == EXEXEC) {
668 			if (in_redirect) {
669 				exitstatus = 2;
670 				return;
671 			}
672 		}
673 		longjmp(handler->loc, 1);
674 	} else {
675 		INTOFF;
676 		handler = &jmploc;
677 		redirect(n->nredir.redirect, REDIR_PUSH | REDIR_KEEP);
678 		in_redirect = 0;
679 		INTON;
680 		evaltree(n->nredir.n, flags);
681 	}
682 	INTOFF;
683 	handler = savehandler;
684 	popredir();
685 	INTON;
686 
687 	if (PS4 != NULL) {
688 		outxstr(PS4);
689 		/* { */ outxstr("} done\n");
690 		flushout(outx);
691 	}
692 }
693 
694 
695 /*
696  * Evaluate a pipeline.  All the processes in the pipeline are children
697  * of the process creating the pipeline.  (This differs from some versions
698  * of the shell, which make the last process in a pipeline the parent
699  * of all the rest.)
700  */
701 
702 STATIC void
703 evalpipe(union node *n)
704 {
705 	struct job *jp;
706 	struct nodelist *lp;
707 	int pipelen;
708 	int prevfd;
709 	int pip[2];
710 
711 	CTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("evalpipe(%p) called\n", n));
712 	pipelen = 0;
713 	for (lp = n->npipe.cmdlist ; lp ; lp = lp->next)
714 		pipelen++;
715 	INTOFF;
716 	jp = makejob(n, pipelen);
717 	prevfd = -1;
718 	for (lp = n->npipe.cmdlist ; lp ; lp = lp->next) {
719 		prehash(lp->n);
720 		pip[1] = -1;
721 		if (lp->next) {
722 			if (sh_pipe(pip) < 0) {
723 				if (prevfd >= 0)
724 					close(prevfd);
725 				error("Pipe call failed: %s", strerror(errno));
726 			}
727 		}
728 		if (forkshell(jp, lp->n,
729 		    n->npipe.backgnd ? FORK_BG : FORK_FG) == 0) {
730 			INTON;
731 			if (prevfd > 0)
732 				movefd(prevfd, 0);
733 			if (pip[1] >= 0) {
734 				close(pip[0]);
735 				movefd(pip[1], 1);
736 			}
737 			evaltree(lp->n, EV_EXIT);
738 		}
739 		if (prevfd >= 0)
740 			close(prevfd);
741 		prevfd = pip[0];
742 		close(pip[1]);
743 	}
744 	if (n->npipe.backgnd == 0) {
745 		exitstatus = waitforjob(jp);
746 		CTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("evalpipe:  job done exit status %d\n",
747 		    exitstatus));
748 	} else {
749 		jobstarted(jp);
750 		exitstatus = 0;
751 	}
752 	INTON;
753 }
754 
755 
756 
757 /*
758  * Execute a command inside back quotes.  If it's a builtin command, we
759  * want to save its output in a block obtained from malloc.  Otherwise
760  * we fork off a subprocess and get the output of the command via a pipe.
761  * Should be called with interrupts off.
762  */
763 
764 void
765 evalbackcmd(union node *n, struct backcmd *result)
766 {
767 	int pip[2];
768 	struct job *jp;
769 	struct stackmark smark;		/* unnecessary (because we fork) */
770 
771 	result->fd = -1;
772 	result->buf = NULL;
773 	result->nleft = 0;
774 	result->jp = NULL;
775 
776 	if (nflag || n == NULL)
777 		goto out;
778 
779 	setstackmark(&smark);
780 
781 #ifdef notyet
782 	/*
783 	 * For now we disable executing builtins in the same
784 	 * context as the shell, because we are not keeping
785 	 * enough state to recover from changes that are
786 	 * supposed only to affect subshells. eg. echo "`cd /`"
787 	 */
788 	if (n->type == NCMD) {
789 		exitstatus = oexitstatus;	/* XXX o... no longer exists */
790 		evalcommand(n, EV_BACKCMD, result);
791 	} else
792 #endif
793 	{
794 		INTOFF;
795 		if (sh_pipe(pip) < 0)
796 			error("Pipe call failed");
797 		jp = makejob(n, 1);
798 		if (forkshell(jp, n, FORK_NOJOB) == 0) {
799 			FORCEINTON;
800 			close(pip[0]);
801 			movefd(pip[1], 1);
802 			evaltree(n, EV_EXIT);
803 			/* NOTREACHED */
804 		}
805 		close(pip[1]);
806 		result->fd = pip[0];
807 		result->jp = jp;
808 		INTON;
809 	}
810 	popstackmark(&smark);
811  out:
812 	CTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("evalbackcmd done: fd=%d buf=0x%x nleft=%d jp=0x%x\n",
813 		result->fd, result->buf, result->nleft, result->jp));
814 }
815 
816 const char *
817 syspath(void)
818 {
819 	static char *sys_path = NULL;
820 	static int mib[] = {CTL_USER, USER_CS_PATH};
821 	static char def_path[] = "PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin";
822 	size_t len;
823 
824 	if (sys_path == NULL) {
825 		if (sysctl(mib, 2, 0, &len, 0, 0) != -1 &&
826 		    (sys_path = ckmalloc(len + 5)) != NULL &&
827 		    sysctl(mib, 2, sys_path + 5, &len, 0, 0) != -1) {
828 			memcpy(sys_path, "PATH=", 5);
829 		} else {
830 			ckfree(sys_path);
831 			/* something to keep things happy */
832 			sys_path = def_path;
833 		}
834 	}
835 	return sys_path;
836 }
837 
838 static int
839 parse_command_args(int argc, char **argv, int *use_syspath)
840 {
841 	int sv_argc = argc;
842 	char *cp, c;
843 
844 	*use_syspath = 0;
845 
846 	for (;;) {
847 		argv++;
848 		if (--argc == 0)
849 			break;
850 		cp = *argv;
851 		if (*cp++ != '-')
852 			break;
853 		if (*cp == '-' && cp[1] == 0) {
854 			argv++;
855 			argc--;
856 			break;
857 		}
858 		while ((c = *cp++)) {
859 			switch (c) {
860 			case 'p':
861 				*use_syspath = 1;
862 				break;
863 			default:
864 				/* run 'typecmd' for other options */
865 				return 0;
866 			}
867 		}
868 	}
869 	return sv_argc - argc;
870 }
871 
872 int vforked = 0;
873 
874 /*
875  * Execute a simple command.
876  */
877 
878 STATIC void
879 evalcommand(union node *cmd, int flgs, struct backcmd *backcmd)
880 {
881 	struct stackmark smark;
882 	union node *argp;
883 	struct arglist arglist;
884 	struct arglist varlist;
885 	volatile int flags = flgs;
886 	char ** volatile argv;
887 	volatile int argc;
888 	char **envp;
889 	int varflag;
890 	struct strlist *sp;
891 	volatile int mode;
892 	int pip[2];
893 	struct cmdentry cmdentry;
894 	struct job * volatile jp;
895 	struct jmploc jmploc;
896 	struct jmploc *volatile savehandler = NULL;
897 	const char *volatile savecmdname;
898 	volatile struct shparam saveparam;
899 	struct localvar *volatile savelocalvars;
900 	struct parsefile *volatile savetopfile;
901 	volatile int e;
902 	char * volatile lastarg;
903 	const char * volatile path = pathval();
904 	volatile int temp_path;
905 	const int savefuncline = funclinebase;
906 	const int savefuncabs = funclineabs;
907 	volatile int cmd_flags = 0;
908 
909 	vforked = 0;
910 	/* First expand the arguments. */
911 	CTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("evalcommand(%p, %d) called [%s]\n", cmd, flags,
912 	    cmd->ncmd.args ? cmd->ncmd.args->narg.text : ""));
913 	setstackmark(&smark);
914 	back_exitstatus = 0;
915 
916 	line_number = cmd->ncmd.lineno;
917 
918 	arglist.lastp = &arglist.list;
919 	varflag = 1;
920 	/* Expand arguments, ignoring the initial 'name=value' ones */
921 	for (argp = cmd->ncmd.args ; argp ; argp = argp->narg.next) {
922 		if (varflag && isassignment(argp->narg.text))
923 			continue;
924 		varflag = 0;
925 		line_number = argp->narg.lineno;
926 		expandarg(argp, &arglist, EXP_FULL | EXP_TILDE);
927 	}
928 	*arglist.lastp = NULL;
929 
930 	expredir(cmd->ncmd.redirect);
931 
932 	/* Now do the initial 'name=value' ones we skipped above */
933 	varlist.lastp = &varlist.list;
934 	for (argp = cmd->ncmd.args ; argp ; argp = argp->narg.next) {
935 		line_number = argp->narg.lineno;
936 		if (!isassignment(argp->narg.text))
937 			break;
938 		/* EXP_CASE handles CTL* chars in expansions properly */
939 		expandarg(argp, &varlist, EXP_VARTILDE | EXP_CASE);
940 	}
941 	*varlist.lastp = NULL;
942 
943 	argc = 0;
944 	for (sp = arglist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next)
945 		argc++;
946 	argv = stalloc(sizeof (char *) * (argc + 1));
947 
948 	for (sp = arglist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next) {
949 		VTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("evalcommand arg: %s\n", sp->text));
950 		*argv++ = sp->text;
951 	}
952 	*argv = NULL;
953 	lastarg = NULL;
954 	if (iflag && funcnest == 0 && argc > 0)
955 		lastarg = argv[-1];
956 	argv -= argc;
957 
958 	/* Print the command if xflag is set. */
959 	if (xflag) {
960 		char sep = 0;
961 		union node *rn;
962 
963 		outxstr(expandstr(ps4val(), line_number));
964 		for (sp = varlist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next) {
965 			char *p;
966 
967 			if (sep != 0)
968 				outxc(sep);
969 
970 			/*
971 			 * The "var=" part should not be quoted, regardless
972 			 * of the value, or it would not represent an
973 			 * assignment, but rather a command
974 			 */
975 			p = strchr(sp->text, '=');
976 			if (p != NULL) {
977 				*p = '\0';	/*XXX*/
978 				outxshstr(sp->text);
979 				outxc('=');
980 				*p++ = '=';	/*XXX*/
981 			} else
982 				p = sp->text;
983 			outxshstr(p);
984 			sep = ' ';
985 		}
986 		for (sp = arglist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next) {
987 			if (sep != 0)
988 				outxc(sep);
989 			outxshstr(sp->text);
990 			sep = ' ';
991 		}
992 		for (rn = cmd->ncmd.redirect; rn; rn = rn->nfile.next)
993 			if (outredir(outx, rn, sep))
994 				sep = ' ';
995 		outxc('\n');
996 		flushout(outx);
997 	}
998 
999 	/* Now locate the command. */
1000 	if (argc == 0) {
1001 		/*
1002 		 * the empty command begins as a normal builtin, and
1003 		 * remains that way while redirects are processed, then
1004 		 * will become special before we get to doing the
1005 		 * var assigns.
1006 		 */
1007 		cmdentry.cmdtype = CMDBUILTIN;
1008 		cmdentry.u.bltin = bltincmd;
1009 		VTRACE(DBG_CMDS, ("No command name, assume \"command\"\n"));
1010 	} else {
1011 		static const char PATH[] = "PATH=";
1012 
1013 		/*
1014 		 * Modify the command lookup path, if a PATH= assignment
1015 		 * is present
1016 		 */
1017 		for (sp = varlist.list; sp; sp = sp->next)
1018 			if (strncmp(sp->text, PATH, sizeof(PATH) - 1) == 0)
1019 				path = sp->text + sizeof(PATH) - 1;
1020 
1021 		do {
1022 			int argsused, use_syspath;
1023 
1024 			find_command(argv[0], &cmdentry, cmd_flags, path);
1025 			VTRACE(DBG_CMDS, ("Command %s type %d\n", argv[0],
1026 			    cmdentry.cmdtype));
1027 #if 0
1028 			/*
1029 			 * This short circuits all of the processing that
1030 			 * should be done (including processing the
1031 			 * redirects), so just don't ...
1032 			 *
1033 			 * (eventually this whole #if'd block will vanish)
1034 			 */
1035 			if (cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDUNKNOWN) {
1036 				exitstatus = 127;
1037 				flushout(&errout);
1038 				goto out;
1039 			}
1040 #endif
1041 
1042 			/* implement the 'command' builtin here */
1043 			if (cmdentry.cmdtype != CMDBUILTIN ||
1044 			    cmdentry.u.bltin != bltincmd)
1045 				break;
1046 			VTRACE(DBG_CMDS, ("Command \"command\"\n"));
1047 			cmd_flags |= DO_NOFUNC;
1048 			argsused = parse_command_args(argc, argv, &use_syspath);
1049 			if (argsused == 0) {
1050 				/* use 'type' builtin to display info */
1051 				VTRACE(DBG_CMDS,
1052 				    ("Command \"command\" -> \"type\"\n"));
1053 				cmdentry.u.bltin = typecmd;
1054 				break;
1055 			}
1056 			argc -= argsused;
1057 			argv += argsused;
1058 			if (use_syspath)
1059 				path = syspath() + 5;
1060 		} while (argc != 0);
1061 		if (cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDSPLBLTIN && cmd_flags & DO_NOFUNC)
1062 			/* posix mandates that 'command <splbltin>' act as if
1063 			   <splbltin> was a normal builtin */
1064 			cmdentry.cmdtype = CMDBUILTIN;
1065 	}
1066 
1067 	/*
1068 	 * When traps are invalid, we permit the following:
1069 	 *	trap
1070 	 *	command trap
1071 	 *	eval trap
1072 	 *	command eval trap
1073 	 *	eval command trap
1074 	 * without zapping the traps completely, in all other cases we do.
1075 	 * Function calls also do not zap the traps (but commands they execute
1076 	 * probably will) - this allows a function like
1077 	 *	trapstate() { trap -p; }
1078 	 * called as save_traps=$(trapstate).
1079 	 *
1080 	 * The test here permits eval "anything" but when evalstring() comes
1081 	 * back here again, the "anything" will be validated.
1082 	 * This means we can actually do:
1083 	 *	eval eval eval command eval eval command trap
1084 	 * as long as we end up with just "trap"
1085 	 *
1086 	 * We permit "command" by allowing CMDBUILTIN as well as CMDSPLBLTIN
1087 	 *
1088 	 * trapcmd() takes care of doing free_traps() if it is needed there.
1089 	 */
1090 	if (traps_invalid &&
1091 	    cmdentry.cmdtype != CMDFUNCTION &&
1092 	    ((cmdentry.cmdtype!=CMDSPLBLTIN && cmdentry.cmdtype!=CMDBUILTIN) ||
1093 	     (cmdentry.u.bltin != trapcmd && cmdentry.u.bltin != evalcmd)))
1094 		free_traps();
1095 
1096 	/* Fork off a child process if necessary. */
1097 	if (cmd->ncmd.backgnd
1098 	  || ((cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDNORMAL || cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDUNKNOWN)
1099 	     && (have_traps() || (flags & EV_EXIT) == 0))
1100 #ifdef notyet			/* EV_BACKCMD is never set currently */
1101 			/* this will need more work if/when it gets used */
1102 	  || ((flags & EV_BACKCMD) != 0
1103 	     && (cmdentry.cmdtype != CMDBUILTIN
1104 	         && cmdentry.cmdtype != CMDSPLBLTIN)
1105 	       || cmdentry.u.bltin == dotcmd
1106 	       || cmdentry.u.bltin == evalcmd)
1107 #endif
1108 	 ) {
1109 		INTOFF;
1110 		jp = makejob(cmd, 1);
1111 		mode = cmd->ncmd.backgnd;
1112 		if (flags & EV_BACKCMD) {
1113 			mode = FORK_NOJOB;
1114 			if (sh_pipe(pip) < 0)
1115 				error("Pipe call failed");
1116 		}
1117 #ifdef DO_SHAREDVFORK
1118 		/* It is essential that if DO_SHAREDVFORK is defined that the
1119 		 * child's address space is actually shared with the parent as
1120 		 * we rely on this.
1121 		 */
1122 		if (usefork == 0 && cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDNORMAL &&
1123 		    (!cmd->ncmd.backgnd || cmd->ncmd.redirect == NULL)) {
1124 			pid_t	pid;
1125 			int serrno;
1126 
1127 			savelocalvars = localvars;
1128 			localvars = NULL;
1129 			vforked = 1;
1130 	VFORK_BLOCK
1131 			switch (pid = vfork()) {
1132 			case -1:
1133 				serrno = errno;
1134 				VTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("vfork() failed, errno=%d\n",
1135 				    serrno));
1136 				INTON;
1137 				error("Cannot vfork (%s)", strerror(serrno));
1138 				break;
1139 			case 0:
1140 				/* Make sure that exceptions only unwind to
1141 				 * after the vfork(2)
1142 				 */
1143 				SHELL_FORKED();
1144 				if (setjmp(jmploc.loc)) {
1145 					VTRACE(DBG_EVAL|DBG_ERRS|
1146 					  DBG_PROCS|DBG_CMDS|DBG_TRAP,
1147 					  ("vfork child exit exception:%d "
1148 					   "exitstatus:%d exerrno:%d\n",
1149 					   exception, exitstatus, exerrno));
1150 
1151 					if (exception == EXSHELLPROC) {
1152 						/*
1153 						 * We can't progress with the
1154 						 * vfork, so, set vforked = 2
1155 						 * so the parent knows,
1156 						 * and _exit();
1157 						 */
1158 						vforked = 2;
1159 						_exit(0);
1160 					} else {
1161 						_exit(exception == EXEXIT ?
1162 						    exitstatus : exerrno);
1163 					}
1164 				}
1165 				savehandler = handler;
1166 				handler = &jmploc;
1167 				listmklocal(varlist.list,
1168 				    VDOEXPORT | VEXPORT | VNOFUNC);
1169 				forkchild(jp, cmd, mode, vforked);
1170 				break;
1171 			default:
1172 				VFORK_UNDO();
1173 						/* restore from vfork(2) */
1174 				CTRACE(DBG_PROCS|DBG_CMDS,
1175 				    ("parent after vfork - vforked=%d\n",
1176 				      vforked));
1177 				handler = savehandler;
1178 				poplocalvars();
1179 				localvars = savelocalvars;
1180 				if (vforked == 2) {
1181 					vforked = 0;
1182 
1183 					(void)waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
1184 					/*
1185 					 * We need to progress in a
1186 					 * normal fork fashion
1187 					 */
1188 					goto normal_fork;
1189 				}
1190 				/*
1191 				 * Here the child has left home,
1192 				 * getting on with its life, so
1193 				 * so must we...
1194 				 */
1195 				vforked = 0;
1196 				forkparent(jp, cmd, mode, pid);
1197 				goto parent;
1198 			}
1199 	VFORK_END
1200 		} else {
1201  normal_fork:
1202 #endif
1203 			if (forkshell(jp, cmd, mode) != 0)
1204 				goto parent;	/* at end of routine */
1205 			CTRACE(DBG_PROCS|DBG_CMDS, ("Child sets EV_EXIT\n"));
1206 			flags |= EV_EXIT;
1207 			FORCEINTON;
1208 #ifdef DO_SHAREDVFORK
1209 		}
1210 #endif
1211 		if (flags & EV_BACKCMD) {
1212 			if (!vforked) {
1213 				FORCEINTON;
1214 			}
1215 			close(pip[0]);
1216 			movefd(pip[1], 1);
1217 		}
1218 		flags |= EV_EXIT;
1219 	}
1220 
1221 	/* This is the child process if a fork occurred. */
1222 	/* Execute the command. */
1223 	switch (cmdentry.cmdtype) {
1224 		volatile int saved;
1225 		struct funcdef * volatile savefunc;
1226 
1227 	case CMDFUNCTION:
1228 		VXTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("Shell function%s:  ",vforked?" VF":""),
1229 		    trargs(argv));
1230 		redirect(cmd->ncmd.redirect, saved =
1231 			!(flags & EV_EXIT) || have_traps() ? REDIR_PUSH : 0);
1232 		saveparam = shellparam;
1233 		shellparam.malloc = 0;
1234 		shellparam.reset = 1;
1235 		shellparam.nparam = argc - 1;
1236 		shellparam.p = argv + 1;
1237 		shellparam.optnext = NULL;
1238 		INTOFF;
1239 		savelocalvars = localvars;
1240 		localvars = NULL;
1241 		reffunc(savefunc = cmdentry.u.func);
1242 		INTON;
1243 		if (setjmp(jmploc.loc)) {
1244 			if (exception == EXSHELLPROC) {
1245 				freeparam((volatile struct shparam *)
1246 				    &saveparam);
1247 			} else {
1248 				freeparam(&shellparam);
1249 				shellparam = saveparam;
1250 			}
1251 			if (saved)
1252 				popredir();
1253 			unreffunc(savefunc);
1254 			poplocalvars();
1255 			localvars = savelocalvars;
1256 			funclinebase = savefuncline;
1257 			funclineabs = savefuncabs;
1258 			handler = savehandler;
1259 			longjmp(handler->loc, 1);
1260 		}
1261 		savehandler = handler;
1262 		handler = &jmploc;
1263 		if (cmdentry.u.func) {
1264 			if (cmdentry.lno_frel)
1265 				funclinebase = cmdentry.lineno - 1;
1266 			else
1267 				funclinebase = 0;
1268 			funclineabs = cmdentry.lineno;
1269 
1270 			VTRACE(DBG_EVAL,
1271 			  ("function: node: %d '%s' # %d%s; funclinebase=%d\n",
1272 			    getfuncnode(cmdentry.u.func)->type,
1273 			    NODETYPENAME(getfuncnode(cmdentry.u.func)->type),
1274 			    cmdentry.lineno, cmdentry.lno_frel?" (=1)":"",
1275 			    funclinebase));
1276 		}
1277 		listmklocal(varlist.list, VDOEXPORT | VEXPORT);
1278 		/* stop shell blowing its stack */
1279 		if (++funcnest > 1000)
1280 			error("too many nested function calls");
1281 		evaltree(getfuncnode(cmdentry.u.func),
1282 		    flags & (EV_TESTED|EV_EXIT));
1283 		funcnest--;
1284 		INTOFF;
1285 		unreffunc(cmdentry.u.func);
1286 		poplocalvars();
1287 		localvars = savelocalvars;
1288 		funclinebase = savefuncline;
1289 		funclineabs = savefuncabs;
1290 		freeparam(&shellparam);
1291 		shellparam = saveparam;
1292 		handler = savehandler;
1293 		if (saved)
1294 			popredir();
1295 		INTON;
1296 		if (evalskip == SKIPFUNC) {
1297 			evalskip = SKIPNONE;
1298 			skipcount = 0;
1299 		}
1300 		if (flags & EV_EXIT)
1301 			exitshell(exitstatus);
1302 		break;
1303 
1304 	case CMDSPLBLTIN:
1305 		VTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("special "));
1306 	case CMDBUILTIN:
1307 		VXTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("builtin command [%d]%s:  ", argc,
1308 		    vforked ? " VF" : ""), trargs(argv));
1309 		mode = (cmdentry.u.bltin == execcmd) ? 0 : REDIR_PUSH;
1310 		if (flags == EV_BACKCMD) {
1311 			memout.nleft = 0;
1312 			memout.nextc = memout.buf;
1313 			memout.bufsize = 64;
1314 			mode |= REDIR_BACKQ;
1315 		}
1316 		e = -1;
1317 		savecmdname = commandname;
1318 		savetopfile = getcurrentfile();
1319 		savehandler = handler;
1320 		temp_path = 0;
1321 		if (!setjmp(jmploc.loc)) {
1322 			handler = &jmploc;
1323 
1324 			/*
1325 			 * We need to ensure the command hash table isn't
1326 			 * corrupted by temporary PATH assignments.
1327 			 * However we must ensure the 'local' command works!
1328 			 */
1329 			if (path != pathval() && (cmdentry.u.bltin == hashcmd ||
1330 			    cmdentry.u.bltin == typecmd)) {
1331 				savelocalvars = localvars;
1332 				localvars = 0;
1333 				temp_path = 1;
1334 				mklocal(path - 5 /* PATH= */, 0);
1335 			}
1336 			redirect(cmd->ncmd.redirect, mode);
1337 
1338 			/*
1339 			 * the empty command is regarded as a normal
1340 			 * builtin for the purposes of redirects, but
1341 			 * is a special builtin for var assigns.
1342 			 * (unless we are the "command" command.)
1343 			 */
1344 			if (argc == 0 && !(cmd_flags & DO_NOFUNC))
1345 				cmdentry.cmdtype = CMDSPLBLTIN;
1346 
1347 			/* exec is a special builtin, but needs this list... */
1348 			cmdenviron = varlist.list;
1349 			/* we must check 'readonly' flag for all builtins */
1350 			listsetvar(varlist.list,
1351 				cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDSPLBLTIN ? 0 : VNOSET);
1352 			commandname = argv[0];
1353 			/* initialize nextopt */
1354 			argptr = argv + 1;
1355 			optptr = NULL;
1356 			/* and getopt */
1357 			optreset = 1;
1358 			optind = 1;
1359 			builtin_flags = flags;
1360 			clr_err(out1);	/* discard previous I/O errors */
1361 			exitstatus = cmdentry.u.bltin(argc, argv);
1362 		} else {
1363 			e = exception;
1364 			if (e == EXINT)
1365 				exitstatus = SIGINT + 128;
1366 			else if (e == EXEXEC)
1367 				exitstatus = exerrno;
1368 			else if (e != EXEXIT)
1369 				exitstatus = 2;
1370 		}
1371 		handler = savehandler;
1372 		flushall();
1373 		out1 = &output;
1374 		out2 = &errout;
1375 		freestdout();
1376 		if (temp_path) {
1377 			poplocalvars();
1378 			localvars = savelocalvars;
1379 		}
1380 		cmdenviron = NULL;
1381 		if (e != EXSHELLPROC) {
1382 			commandname = savecmdname;
1383 			if (flags & EV_EXIT)
1384 				exitshell(exitstatus);
1385 		}
1386 		if (e != -1) {
1387 			if ((e != EXERROR && e != EXEXEC)
1388 			    || cmdentry.cmdtype == CMDSPLBLTIN)
1389 				exraise(e);
1390 			popfilesupto(savetopfile);
1391 			FORCEINTON;
1392 		}
1393 		if (cmdentry.u.bltin != execcmd)
1394 			popredir();
1395 		if (flags == EV_BACKCMD) {
1396 			backcmd->buf = memout.buf;
1397 			backcmd->nleft = memout.nextc - memout.buf;
1398 			memout.buf = NULL;
1399 		}
1400 		break;
1401 
1402 	default:
1403 		VXTRACE(DBG_EVAL, ("normal command%s:  ", vforked?" VF":""),
1404 		    trargs(argv));
1405 		redirect(cmd->ncmd.redirect,
1406 		    (vforked ? REDIR_VFORK : 0) | REDIR_KEEP);
1407 		if (!vforked)
1408 			for (sp = varlist.list ; sp ; sp = sp->next)
1409 				setvareq(sp->text, VDOEXPORT|VEXPORT|VSTACK);
1410 		envp = environment();
1411 		shellexec(argv, envp, path, cmdentry.u.index, vforked);
1412 		break;
1413 	}
1414 	goto out;
1415 
1416  parent:			/* parent process gets here (if we forked) */
1417 
1418 	exitstatus = 0;		/* if not altered just below */
1419 	if (mode == FORK_FG) {	/* argument to fork */
1420 		exitstatus = waitforjob(jp);
1421 	} else if (mode == FORK_NOJOB) {
1422 		backcmd->fd = pip[0];
1423 		close(pip[1]);
1424 		backcmd->jp = jp;
1425 	} else
1426 		jobstarted(jp);
1427 
1428 	FORCEINTON;
1429 
1430  out:
1431 	if (lastarg)
1432 		/* implement $_ for whatever use that really is */
1433 		(void) setvarsafe("_", lastarg, VNOERROR);
1434 	popstackmark(&smark);
1435 }
1436 
1437 
1438 /*
1439  * Search for a command.  This is called before we fork so that the
1440  * location of the command will be available in the parent as well as
1441  * the child.  The check for "goodname" is an overly conservative
1442  * check that the name will not be subject to expansion.
1443  */
1444 
1445 STATIC void
1446 prehash(union node *n)
1447 {
1448 	struct cmdentry entry;
1449 
1450 	if (n && n->type == NCMD && n->ncmd.args)
1451 		if (goodname(n->ncmd.args->narg.text))
1452 			find_command(n->ncmd.args->narg.text, &entry, 0,
1453 				     pathval());
1454 }
1455 
1456 int
1457 in_function(void)
1458 {
1459 	return funcnest;
1460 }
1461 
1462 enum skipstate
1463 current_skipstate(void)
1464 {
1465 	return evalskip;
1466 }
1467 
1468 void
1469 save_skipstate(struct skipsave *p)
1470 {
1471 	*p = s_k_i_p;
1472 }
1473 
1474 void
1475 restore_skipstate(const struct skipsave *p)
1476 {
1477 	s_k_i_p = *p;
1478 }
1479 
1480 void
1481 stop_skipping(void)
1482 {
1483 	evalskip = SKIPNONE;
1484 	skipcount = 0;
1485 }
1486 
1487 /*
1488  * Builtin commands.  Builtin commands whose functions are closely
1489  * tied to evaluation are implemented here.
1490  */
1491 
1492 /*
1493  * No command given.
1494  */
1495 
1496 int
1497 bltincmd(int argc, char **argv)
1498 {
1499 	/*
1500 	 * Preserve exitstatus of a previous possible redirection
1501 	 * as POSIX mandates
1502 	 */
1503 	return back_exitstatus;
1504 }
1505 
1506 
1507 /*
1508  * Handle break and continue commands.  Break, continue, and return are
1509  * all handled by setting the evalskip flag.  The evaluation routines
1510  * above all check this flag, and if it is set they start skipping
1511  * commands rather than executing them.  The variable skipcount is
1512  * the number of loops to break/continue, or the number of function
1513  * levels to return.  (The latter is always 1.)  It should probably
1514  * be an error to break out of more loops than exist, but it isn't
1515  * in the standard shell so we don't make it one here.
1516  */
1517 
1518 int
1519 breakcmd(int argc, char **argv)
1520 {
1521 	int n = argc > 1 ? number(argv[1]) : 1;
1522 
1523 	if (n <= 0)
1524 		error("invalid count: %d", n);
1525 	if (n > loopnest)
1526 		n = loopnest;
1527 	if (n > 0) {
1528 		evalskip = (**argv == 'c')? SKIPCONT : SKIPBREAK;
1529 		skipcount = n;
1530 	}
1531 	return 0;
1532 }
1533 
1534 int
1535 dotcmd(int argc, char **argv)
1536 {
1537 	exitstatus = 0;
1538 
1539 	(void) nextopt(NULL);		/* ignore a leading "--" */
1540 
1541 	if (*argptr != NULL) {		/* That's what SVR2 does */
1542 		char *fullname;
1543 		/*
1544 		 * dot_funcnest needs to be 0 when not in a dotcmd, so it
1545 		 * cannot be restored with (funcnest + 1).
1546 		 */
1547 		int dot_funcnest_old;
1548 		struct stackmark smark;
1549 
1550 		setstackmark(&smark);
1551 		fullname = find_dot_file(*argptr);
1552 		setinputfile(fullname, 1);
1553 		commandname = fullname;
1554 		dot_funcnest_old = dot_funcnest;
1555 		dot_funcnest = funcnest + 1;
1556 		cmdloop(0);
1557 		dot_funcnest = dot_funcnest_old;
1558 		popfile();
1559 		popstackmark(&smark);
1560 	}
1561 	return exitstatus;
1562 }
1563 
1564 /*
1565  * allow dotfile function nesting to be manipulated
1566  * (for read_profile).  This allows profile files to
1567  * be treated as if they were used as '.' commands,
1568  * (approximately) and in particular, for "return" to work.
1569  */
1570 int
1571 set_dot_funcnest(int new)
1572 {
1573 	int rv = dot_funcnest;
1574 
1575 	if (new >= 0)
1576 		dot_funcnest = new;
1577 
1578 	return rv;
1579 }
1580 
1581 /*
1582  * Take commands from a file.  To be compatible we should do a path
1583  * search for the file, which is necessary to find sub-commands.
1584  */
1585 
1586 STATIC char *
1587 find_dot_file(char *basename)
1588 {
1589 	char *fullname;
1590 	const char *path = pathval();
1591 	struct stat statb;
1592 
1593 	/* don't try this for absolute or relative paths */
1594 	if (strchr(basename, '/')) {
1595 		if (stat(basename, &statb) == 0) {
1596 			if (S_ISDIR(statb.st_mode))
1597 				error("%s: is a directory", basename);
1598 			if (S_ISBLK(statb.st_mode))
1599 				error("%s: is a block device", basename);
1600 			return basename;
1601 		}
1602 	} else while ((fullname = padvance(&path, basename, 1)) != NULL) {
1603 		if ((stat(fullname, &statb) == 0)) {
1604 			/* weird format is to ease future code... */
1605 			if (S_ISDIR(statb.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(statb.st_mode))
1606 				;
1607 #if notyet
1608 			else if (unreadable()) {
1609 				/*
1610 				 * testing this via st_mode is ugly to get
1611 				 * correct (and would ignore ACLs).
1612 				 * better way is just to open the file.
1613 				 * But doing that here would (currently)
1614 				 * mean opening the file twice, which
1615 				 * might not be safe.  So, defer this
1616 				 * test until code is restructures so
1617 				 * we can return a fd.   Then we also
1618 				 * get to fix the mem leak just below...
1619 				 */
1620 			}
1621 #endif
1622 			else {
1623 				/*
1624 				 * Don't bother freeing here, since
1625 				 * it will be freed by the caller.
1626 				 * XXX no it won't - a bug for later.
1627 				 */
1628 				return fullname;
1629 			}
1630 		}
1631 		stunalloc(fullname);
1632 	}
1633 
1634 	/* not found in the PATH */
1635 	error("%s: not found", basename);
1636 	/* NOTREACHED */
1637 }
1638 
1639 
1640 
1641 /*
1642  * The return command.
1643  *
1644  * Quoth the POSIX standard:
1645  *   The return utility shall cause the shell to stop executing the current
1646  *   function or dot script. If the shell is not currently executing
1647  *   a function or dot script, the results are unspecified.
1648  *
1649  * As for the unspecified part, there seems to be no de-facto standard: bash
1650  * ignores the return with a warning, zsh ignores the return in interactive
1651  * mode but seems to liken it to exit in a script.  (checked May 2014)
1652  *
1653  * We choose to silently ignore the return.  Older versions of this shell
1654  * set evalskip to SKIPFILE causing the shell to (indirectly) exit.  This
1655  * had at least the problem of circumventing the check for stopped jobs,
1656  * which would occur for exit or ^D.
1657  */
1658 
1659 int
1660 returncmd(int argc, char **argv)
1661 {
1662 	int ret = argc > 1 ? number(argv[1]) : exitstatus;
1663 
1664 	if ((dot_funcnest == 0 && funcnest)
1665 	    || (dot_funcnest > 0 && funcnest - (dot_funcnest - 1) > 0)) {
1666 		evalskip = SKIPFUNC;
1667 		skipcount = 1;
1668 	} else if (dot_funcnest > 0) {
1669 		evalskip = SKIPFILE;
1670 		skipcount = 1;
1671 	} else {
1672 		/* XXX: should a warning be issued? */
1673 		ret = 0;
1674 	}
1675 
1676 	return ret;
1677 }
1678 
1679 
1680 int
1681 falsecmd(int argc, char **argv)
1682 {
1683 	return 1;
1684 }
1685 
1686 
1687 int
1688 truecmd(int argc, char **argv)
1689 {
1690 	return 0;
1691 }
1692 
1693 
1694 int
1695 execcmd(int argc, char **argv)
1696 {
1697 	(void) nextopt(NULL);		/* ignore a leading "--" */
1698 
1699 	if (*argptr) {
1700 		struct strlist *sp;
1701 
1702 		iflag = 0;		/* exit on error */
1703 		mflag = 0;
1704 		optschanged();
1705 		for (sp = cmdenviron; sp; sp = sp->next)
1706 			setvareq(sp->text, VDOEXPORT|VEXPORT|VSTACK);
1707 		shellexec(argptr, environment(), pathval(), 0, 0);
1708 	}
1709 	return 0;
1710 }
1711 
1712 static int
1713 conv_time(clock_t ticks, char *seconds, size_t l)
1714 {
1715 	static clock_t tpm = 0;
1716 	clock_t mins;
1717 	int i;
1718 
1719 	if (!tpm)
1720 		tpm = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) * 60;
1721 
1722 	mins = ticks / tpm;
1723 	snprintf(seconds, l, "%.4f", (ticks - mins * tpm) * 60.0 / tpm );
1724 
1725 	if (seconds[0] == '6' && seconds[1] == '0') {
1726 		/* 59.99995 got rounded up... */
1727 		mins++;
1728 		strlcpy(seconds, "0.0", l);
1729 		return mins;
1730 	}
1731 
1732 	/* suppress trailing zeros */
1733 	i = strlen(seconds) - 1;
1734 	for (; seconds[i] == '0' && seconds[i - 1] != '.'; i--)
1735 		seconds[i] = 0;
1736 	return mins;
1737 }
1738 
1739 int
1740 timescmd(int argc, char **argv)
1741 {
1742 	struct tms tms;
1743 	int u, s, cu, cs;
1744 	char us[8], ss[8], cus[8], css[8];
1745 
1746 	nextopt("");
1747 
1748 	times(&tms);
1749 
1750 	u = conv_time(tms.tms_utime, us, sizeof(us));
1751 	s = conv_time(tms.tms_stime, ss, sizeof(ss));
1752 	cu = conv_time(tms.tms_cutime, cus, sizeof(cus));
1753 	cs = conv_time(tms.tms_cstime, css, sizeof(css));
1754 
1755 	outfmt(out1, "%dm%ss %dm%ss\n%dm%ss %dm%ss\n",
1756 		u, us, s, ss, cu, cus, cs, css);
1757 
1758 	return 0;
1759 }
1760