xref: /minix3/lib/libc/gen/fts.c (revision d19d7d58aa5cd1165eefe1a0d807c8afe282db62)
1 /*	$NetBSD: fts.c,v 1.40 2009/11/02 17:17:34 stacktic Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
33 #include "nbtool_config.h"
34 #endif
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
38 #if 0
39 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)fts.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 8/14/94";
40 #else
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: fts.c,v 1.40 2009/11/02 17:17:34 stacktic Exp $");
42 #endif
43 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
44 
45 #include "namespace.h"
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/stat.h>
48 
49 #include <assert.h>
50 #include <dirent.h>
51 #include <errno.h>
52 #include <fcntl.h>
53 #include <fts.h>
54 #include <stdlib.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 
58 #if ! HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
59 #ifndef __minix
60 #define	HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_NAMLEN
61 #endif
62 #endif
63 
64 static FTSENT	*fts_alloc(FTS *, const char *, size_t);
65 static FTSENT	*fts_build(FTS *, int);
66 static void	 fts_free(FTSENT *);
67 static void	 fts_lfree(FTSENT *);
68 static void	 fts_load(FTS *, FTSENT *);
69 static size_t	 fts_maxarglen(char * const *);
70 static size_t	 fts_pow2(size_t);
71 static int	 fts_palloc(FTS *, size_t);
72 static void	 fts_padjust(FTS *, FTSENT *);
73 static FTSENT	*fts_sort(FTS *, FTSENT *, size_t);
74 static unsigned short fts_stat(FTS *, FTSENT *, int);
75 static int	 fts_safe_changedir(const FTS *, const FTSENT *, int,
76     const char *);
77 
78 #if defined(ALIGNBYTES) && defined(ALIGN)
79 #define	FTS_ALLOC_ALIGNED	1
80 #else
81 #undef	FTS_ALLOC_ALIGNED
82 #endif
83 
84 #define	ISDOT(a)	(a[0] == '.' && (!a[1] || (a[1] == '.' && !a[2])))
85 
86 #define	CLR(opt)	(sp->fts_options &= ~(opt))
87 #define	ISSET(opt)	(sp->fts_options & (opt))
88 #define	SET(opt)	(sp->fts_options |= (opt))
89 
90 #define	CHDIR(sp, path)	(!ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR) && chdir(path))
91 #define	FCHDIR(sp, fd)	(!ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR) && fchdir(fd))
92 
93 /* fts_build flags */
94 #define	BCHILD		1		/* fts_children */
95 #define	BNAMES		2		/* fts_children, names only */
96 #define	BREAD		3		/* fts_read */
97 
98 #ifndef DTF_HIDEW
99 #undef FTS_WHITEOUT
100 #endif
101 
102 FTS *
103 fts_open(char * const *argv, int options,
104     int (*compar)(const FTSENT **, const FTSENT **))
105 {
106 	FTS *sp;
107 	FTSENT *p, *root;
108 	size_t nitems;
109 	FTSENT *parent, *tmp = NULL;	/* pacify gcc */
110 	size_t len;
111 
112 	_DIAGASSERT(argv != NULL);
113 
114 	/* Options check. */
115 	if (options & ~FTS_OPTIONMASK) {
116 		errno = EINVAL;
117 		return (NULL);
118 	}
119 
120 	/* Allocate/initialize the stream */
121 	if ((sp = malloc((unsigned int)sizeof(FTS))) == NULL)
122 		return (NULL);
123 	memset(sp, 0, sizeof(FTS));
124 	sp->fts_compar = compar;
125 	sp->fts_options = options;
126 
127 	/* Logical walks turn on NOCHDIR; symbolic links are too hard. */
128 	if (ISSET(FTS_LOGICAL))
129 		SET(FTS_NOCHDIR);
130 
131 	/*
132 	 * Start out with 1K of path space, and enough, in any case,
133 	 * to hold the user's paths.
134 	 */
135 	if (fts_palloc(sp, MAX(fts_maxarglen(argv), MAXPATHLEN)))
136 		goto mem1;
137 
138 	/* Allocate/initialize root's parent. */
139 	if ((parent = fts_alloc(sp, "", 0)) == NULL)
140 		goto mem2;
141 	parent->fts_level = FTS_ROOTPARENTLEVEL;
142 
143 	/* Allocate/initialize root(s). */
144 	for (root = NULL, nitems = 0; *argv; ++argv, ++nitems) {
145 		/* Don't allow zero-length paths. */
146 		if ((len = strlen(*argv)) == 0) {
147 			errno = ENOENT;
148 			goto mem3;
149 		}
150 
151 		if ((p = fts_alloc(sp, *argv, len)) == NULL)
152 			goto mem3;
153 		p->fts_level = FTS_ROOTLEVEL;
154 		p->fts_parent = parent;
155 		p->fts_accpath = p->fts_name;
156 		p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, ISSET(FTS_COMFOLLOW));
157 
158 		/* Command-line "." and ".." are real directories. */
159 		if (p->fts_info == FTS_DOT)
160 			p->fts_info = FTS_D;
161 
162 		/*
163 		 * If comparison routine supplied, traverse in sorted
164 		 * order; otherwise traverse in the order specified.
165 		 */
166 		if (compar) {
167 			p->fts_link = root;
168 			root = p;
169 		} else {
170 			p->fts_link = NULL;
171 			if (root == NULL)
172 				tmp = root = p;
173 			else {
174 				tmp->fts_link = p;
175 				tmp = p;
176 			}
177 		}
178 	}
179 	if (compar && nitems > 1)
180 		root = fts_sort(sp, root, nitems);
181 
182 	/*
183 	 * Allocate a dummy pointer and make fts_read think that we've just
184 	 * finished the node before the root(s); set p->fts_info to FTS_INIT
185 	 * so that everything about the "current" node is ignored.
186 	 */
187 	if ((sp->fts_cur = fts_alloc(sp, "", 0)) == NULL)
188 		goto mem3;
189 	sp->fts_cur->fts_link = root;
190 	sp->fts_cur->fts_info = FTS_INIT;
191 
192 	/*
193 	 * If using chdir(2), grab a file descriptor pointing to dot to insure
194 	 * that we can get back here; this could be avoided for some paths,
195 	 * but almost certainly not worth the effort.  Slashes, symbolic links,
196 	 * and ".." are all fairly nasty problems.  Note, if we can't get the
197 	 * descriptor we run anyway, just more slowly.
198 	 */
199 	if (!ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
200 		if ((sp->fts_rfd = open(".", O_RDONLY, 0)) == -1)
201 			SET(FTS_NOCHDIR);
202 		else if (fcntl(sp->fts_rfd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
203 			close(sp->fts_rfd);
204 			SET(FTS_NOCHDIR);
205 		}
206 	}
207 
208 	if (nitems == 0)
209 		fts_free(parent);
210 
211 	return (sp);
212 
213 mem3:	fts_lfree(root);
214 	fts_free(parent);
215 mem2:	free(sp->fts_path);
216 mem1:	free(sp);
217 	return (NULL);
218 }
219 
220 static void
221 fts_load(FTS *sp, FTSENT *p)
222 {
223 	size_t len;
224 	char *cp;
225 
226 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
227 	_DIAGASSERT(p != NULL);
228 
229 	/*
230 	 * Load the stream structure for the next traversal.  Since we don't
231 	 * actually enter the directory until after the preorder visit, set
232 	 * the fts_accpath field specially so the chdir gets done to the right
233 	 * place and the user can access the first node.  From fts_open it's
234 	 * known that the path will fit.
235 	 */
236 	len = p->fts_pathlen = p->fts_namelen;
237 	memmove(sp->fts_path, p->fts_name, len + 1);
238 	if ((cp = strrchr(p->fts_name, '/')) && (cp != p->fts_name || cp[1])) {
239 		len = strlen(++cp);
240 		memmove(p->fts_name, cp, len + 1);
241 		p->fts_namelen = len;
242 	}
243 	p->fts_accpath = p->fts_path = sp->fts_path;
244 	sp->fts_dev = p->fts_dev;
245 }
246 
247 int
248 fts_close(FTS *sp)
249 {
250 	FTSENT *freep, *p;
251 	int saved_errno = 0;
252 
253 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
254 
255 	/*
256 	 * This still works if we haven't read anything -- the dummy structure
257 	 * points to the root list, so we step through to the end of the root
258 	 * list which has a valid parent pointer.
259 	 */
260 	if (sp->fts_cur) {
261 		if (sp->fts_cur->fts_flags & FTS_SYMFOLLOW)
262 			(void)close(sp->fts_cur->fts_symfd);
263 		for (p = sp->fts_cur; p->fts_level >= FTS_ROOTLEVEL;) {
264 			freep = p;
265 			p = p->fts_link ? p->fts_link : p->fts_parent;
266 			fts_free(freep);
267 		}
268 		fts_free(p);
269 	}
270 
271 	/* Free up child linked list, sort array, path buffer. */
272 	if (sp->fts_child)
273 		fts_lfree(sp->fts_child);
274 	if (sp->fts_array)
275 		free(sp->fts_array);
276 	free(sp->fts_path);
277 
278 	/* Return to original directory, save errno if necessary. */
279 	if (!ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
280 		if (fchdir(sp->fts_rfd) == -1)
281 			saved_errno = errno;
282 		(void)close(sp->fts_rfd);
283 	}
284 
285 	/* Free up the stream pointer. */
286 	free(sp);
287 	if (saved_errno) {
288 		errno = saved_errno;
289 		return -1;
290 	}
291 
292 	return 0;
293 }
294 
295 #if !defined(__FTS_COMPAT_TAILINGSLASH)
296 
297 /*
298  * Special case of "/" at the end of the path so that slashes aren't
299  * appended which would cause paths to be written as "....//foo".
300  */
301 #define	NAPPEND(p)							\
302 	(p->fts_path[p->fts_pathlen - 1] == '/'				\
303 	    ? p->fts_pathlen - 1 : p->fts_pathlen)
304 
305 #else /* !defined(__FTS_COMPAT_TAILINGSLASH) */
306 
307 /*
308  * compatibility with the old behaviour.
309  *
310  * Special case a root of "/" so that slashes aren't appended which would
311  * cause paths to be written as "//foo".
312  */
313 
314 #define	NAPPEND(p)							\
315 	(p->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL && p->fts_pathlen == 1 &&	\
316 	    p->fts_path[0] == '/' ? 0 : p->fts_pathlen)
317 
318 #endif /* !defined(__FTS_COMPAT_TAILINGSLASH) */
319 
320 FTSENT *
321 fts_read(FTS *sp)
322 {
323 	FTSENT *p, *tmp;
324 	int instr;
325 	char *t;
326 	int saved_errno;
327 
328 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
329 
330 	/* If finished or unrecoverable error, return NULL. */
331 	if (sp->fts_cur == NULL || ISSET(FTS_STOP))
332 		return (NULL);
333 
334 	/* Set current node pointer. */
335 	p = sp->fts_cur;
336 
337 	/* Save and zero out user instructions. */
338 	instr = p->fts_instr;
339 	p->fts_instr = FTS_NOINSTR;
340 
341 	/* Any type of file may be re-visited; re-stat and re-turn. */
342 	if (instr == FTS_AGAIN) {
343 		p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, 0);
344 		return (p);
345 	}
346 
347 	/*
348 	 * Following a symlink -- SLNONE test allows application to see
349 	 * SLNONE and recover.  If indirecting through a symlink, have
350 	 * keep a pointer to current location.  If unable to get that
351 	 * pointer, follow fails.
352 	 */
353 	if (instr == FTS_FOLLOW &&
354 	    (p->fts_info == FTS_SL || p->fts_info == FTS_SLNONE)) {
355 		p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, 1);
356 		if (p->fts_info == FTS_D && !ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
357 			if ((p->fts_symfd = open(".", O_RDONLY, 0)) == -1) {
358 				p->fts_errno = errno;
359 				p->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
360 			} else if (fcntl(p->fts_symfd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
361 				p->fts_errno = errno;
362 				p->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
363 				close(p->fts_symfd);
364 			} else
365 				p->fts_flags |= FTS_SYMFOLLOW;
366 		}
367 		return (p);
368 	}
369 
370 	/* Directory in pre-order. */
371 	if (p->fts_info == FTS_D) {
372 		/* If skipped or crossed mount point, do post-order visit. */
373 		if (instr == FTS_SKIP ||
374 		    (ISSET(FTS_XDEV) && p->fts_dev != sp->fts_dev)) {
375 			if (p->fts_flags & FTS_SYMFOLLOW)
376 				(void)close(p->fts_symfd);
377 			if (sp->fts_child) {
378 				fts_lfree(sp->fts_child);
379 				sp->fts_child = NULL;
380 			}
381 			p->fts_info = FTS_DP;
382 			return (p);
383 		}
384 
385 		/* Rebuild if only read the names and now traversing. */
386 		if (sp->fts_child && ISSET(FTS_NAMEONLY)) {
387 			CLR(FTS_NAMEONLY);
388 			fts_lfree(sp->fts_child);
389 			sp->fts_child = NULL;
390 		}
391 
392 		/*
393 		 * Cd to the subdirectory.
394 		 *
395 		 * If have already read and now fail to chdir, whack the list
396 		 * to make the names come out right, and set the parent errno
397 		 * so the application will eventually get an error condition.
398 		 * Set the FTS_DONTCHDIR flag so that when we logically change
399 		 * directories back to the parent we don't do a chdir.
400 		 *
401 		 * If haven't read do so.  If the read fails, fts_build sets
402 		 * FTS_STOP or the fts_info field of the node.
403 		 */
404 		if (sp->fts_child) {
405 			if (fts_safe_changedir(sp, p, -1, p->fts_accpath)) {
406 				p->fts_errno = errno;
407 				p->fts_flags |= FTS_DONTCHDIR;
408 				for (p = sp->fts_child; p; p = p->fts_link)
409 					p->fts_accpath =
410 					    p->fts_parent->fts_accpath;
411 			}
412 		} else if ((sp->fts_child = fts_build(sp, BREAD)) == NULL) {
413 			if (ISSET(FTS_STOP))
414 				return (NULL);
415 			return (p);
416 		}
417 		p = sp->fts_child;
418 		sp->fts_child = NULL;
419 		goto name;
420 	}
421 
422 	/* Move to the next node on this level. */
423 next:	tmp = p;
424 	if ((p = p->fts_link) != NULL) {
425 		fts_free(tmp);
426 
427 		/*
428 		 * If reached the top, return to the original directory, and
429 		 * load the paths for the next root.
430 		 */
431 		if (p->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
432 			if (FCHDIR(sp, sp->fts_rfd)) {
433 				SET(FTS_STOP);
434 				return (NULL);
435 			}
436 			fts_load(sp, p);
437 			return (sp->fts_cur = p);
438 		}
439 
440 		/*
441 		 * User may have called fts_set on the node.  If skipped,
442 		 * ignore.  If followed, get a file descriptor so we can
443 		 * get back if necessary.
444 		 */
445 		if (p->fts_instr == FTS_SKIP)
446 			goto next;
447 		if (p->fts_instr == FTS_FOLLOW) {
448 			p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, 1);
449 			if (p->fts_info == FTS_D && !ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
450 				if ((p->fts_symfd =
451 				    open(".", O_RDONLY, 0)) == -1) {
452 					p->fts_errno = errno;
453 					p->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
454 				} else if (fcntl(p->fts_symfd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
455 					p->fts_errno = errno;
456 					p->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
457 					close(p->fts_symfd);
458 				} else
459 					p->fts_flags |= FTS_SYMFOLLOW;
460 			}
461 			p->fts_instr = FTS_NOINSTR;
462 		}
463 
464 name:		t = sp->fts_path + NAPPEND(p->fts_parent);
465 		*t++ = '/';
466 		memmove(t, p->fts_name, (size_t)(p->fts_namelen + 1));
467 		return (sp->fts_cur = p);
468 	}
469 
470 	/* Move up to the parent node. */
471 	p = tmp->fts_parent;
472 	fts_free(tmp);
473 
474 	if (p->fts_level == FTS_ROOTPARENTLEVEL) {
475 		/*
476 		 * Done; free everything up and set errno to 0 so the user
477 		 * can distinguish between error and EOF.
478 		 */
479 		fts_free(p);
480 		errno = 0;
481 		return (sp->fts_cur = NULL);
482 	}
483 
484 	/* Nul terminate the pathname. */
485 	sp->fts_path[p->fts_pathlen] = '\0';
486 
487 	/*
488 	 * Return to the parent directory.  If at a root node or came through
489 	 * a symlink, go back through the file descriptor.  Otherwise, cd up
490 	 * one directory.
491 	 */
492 	if (p->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
493 		if (FCHDIR(sp, sp->fts_rfd)) {
494 			SET(FTS_STOP);
495 			return (NULL);
496 		}
497 	} else if (p->fts_flags & FTS_SYMFOLLOW) {
498 		if (FCHDIR(sp, p->fts_symfd)) {
499 			saved_errno = errno;
500 			(void)close(p->fts_symfd);
501 			errno = saved_errno;
502 			SET(FTS_STOP);
503 			return (NULL);
504 		}
505 		(void)close(p->fts_symfd);
506 	} else if (!(p->fts_flags & FTS_DONTCHDIR) &&
507 	    fts_safe_changedir(sp, p->fts_parent, -1, "..")) {
508 		SET(FTS_STOP);
509 		return (NULL);
510 	}
511 	p->fts_info = p->fts_errno ? FTS_ERR : FTS_DP;
512 	return (sp->fts_cur = p);
513 }
514 
515 /*
516  * Fts_set takes the stream as an argument although it's not used in this
517  * implementation; it would be necessary if anyone wanted to add global
518  * semantics to fts using fts_set.  An error return is allowed for similar
519  * reasons.
520  */
521 /* ARGSUSED */
522 int
523 fts_set(FTS *sp, FTSENT *p, int instr)
524 {
525 
526 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
527 	_DIAGASSERT(p != NULL);
528 
529 	if (instr && instr != FTS_AGAIN && instr != FTS_FOLLOW &&
530 	    instr != FTS_NOINSTR && instr != FTS_SKIP) {
531 		errno = EINVAL;
532 		return (1);
533 	}
534 	p->fts_instr = instr;
535 	return (0);
536 }
537 
538 FTSENT *
539 fts_children(FTS *sp, int instr)
540 {
541 	FTSENT *p;
542 	int fd;
543 
544 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
545 
546 	if (instr && instr != FTS_NAMEONLY) {
547 		errno = EINVAL;
548 		return (NULL);
549 	}
550 
551 	/* Set current node pointer. */
552 	p = sp->fts_cur;
553 
554 	/*
555 	 * Errno set to 0 so user can distinguish empty directory from
556 	 * an error.
557 	 */
558 	errno = 0;
559 
560 	/* Fatal errors stop here. */
561 	if (ISSET(FTS_STOP))
562 		return (NULL);
563 
564 	/* Return logical hierarchy of user's arguments. */
565 	if (p->fts_info == FTS_INIT)
566 		return (p->fts_link);
567 
568 	/*
569 	 * If not a directory being visited in pre-order, stop here.  Could
570 	 * allow FTS_DNR, assuming the user has fixed the problem, but the
571 	 * same effect is available with FTS_AGAIN.
572 	 */
573 	if (p->fts_info != FTS_D /* && p->fts_info != FTS_DNR */)
574 		return (NULL);
575 
576 	/* Free up any previous child list. */
577 	if (sp->fts_child)
578 		fts_lfree(sp->fts_child);
579 
580 	if (instr == FTS_NAMEONLY) {
581 		SET(FTS_NAMEONLY);
582 		instr = BNAMES;
583 	} else
584 		instr = BCHILD;
585 
586 	/*
587 	 * If using chdir on a relative path and called BEFORE fts_read does
588 	 * its chdir to the root of a traversal, we can lose -- we need to
589 	 * chdir into the subdirectory, and we don't know where the current
590 	 * directory is, so we can't get back so that the upcoming chdir by
591 	 * fts_read will work.
592 	 */
593 	if (p->fts_level != FTS_ROOTLEVEL || p->fts_accpath[0] == '/' ||
594 	    ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR))
595 		return (sp->fts_child = fts_build(sp, instr));
596 
597 	if ((fd = open(".", O_RDONLY, 0)) == -1)
598 		return (sp->fts_child = NULL);
599 	sp->fts_child = fts_build(sp, instr);
600 	if (fchdir(fd)) {
601 		(void)close(fd);
602 		return (NULL);
603 	}
604 	(void)close(fd);
605 	return (sp->fts_child);
606 }
607 
608 /*
609  * This is the tricky part -- do not casually change *anything* in here.  The
610  * idea is to build the linked list of entries that are used by fts_children
611  * and fts_read.  There are lots of special cases.
612  *
613  * The real slowdown in walking the tree is the stat calls.  If FTS_NOSTAT is
614  * set and it's a physical walk (so that symbolic links can't be directories),
615  * we can do things quickly.  First, if it's a 4.4BSD file system, the type
616  * of the file is in the directory entry.  Otherwise, we assume that the number
617  * of subdirectories in a node is equal to the number of links to the parent.
618  * The former skips all stat calls.  The latter skips stat calls in any leaf
619  * directories and for any files after the subdirectories in the directory have
620  * been found, cutting the stat calls by about 2/3.
621  */
622 static FTSENT *
623 fts_build(FTS *sp, int type)
624 {
625 	struct dirent *dp;
626 	FTSENT *p, *head;
627 	size_t nitems;
628 	FTSENT *cur, *tail;
629 	DIR *dirp;
630 	void *oldaddr;
631 	size_t dnamlen;
632 	int cderrno, descend, level, nlinks, saved_errno, nostat, doadjust;
633 	size_t len, maxlen;
634 #ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT
635 	int oflag;
636 #endif
637 	char *cp = NULL;	/* pacify gcc */
638 
639 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
640 
641 	/* Set current node pointer. */
642 	cur = sp->fts_cur;
643 
644 	/*
645 	 * Open the directory for reading.  If this fails, we're done.
646 	 * If being called from fts_read, set the fts_info field.
647 	 */
648 #ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT
649 	if (ISSET(FTS_WHITEOUT))
650 		oflag = DTF_NODUP|DTF_REWIND;
651 	else
652 		oflag = DTF_HIDEW|DTF_NODUP|DTF_REWIND;
653 #else
654 #define	__opendir2(path, flag) opendir(path)
655 #endif
656 	if ((dirp = __opendir2(cur->fts_accpath, oflag)) == NULL) {
657 		if (type == BREAD) {
658 			cur->fts_info = FTS_DNR;
659 			cur->fts_errno = errno;
660 		}
661 		return (NULL);
662 	}
663 
664 	/*
665 	 * Nlinks is the number of possible entries of type directory in the
666 	 * directory if we're cheating on stat calls, 0 if we're not doing
667 	 * any stat calls at all, -1 if we're doing stats on everything.
668 	 */
669 	if (type == BNAMES) {
670 		nlinks = 0;
671 		nostat = 1;
672 	} else if (ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT) && ISSET(FTS_PHYSICAL)) {
673 		nlinks = cur->fts_nlink - (ISSET(FTS_SEEDOT) ? 0 : 2);
674 		nostat = 1;
675 	} else {
676 		nlinks = -1;
677 		nostat = 0;
678 	}
679 
680 #ifdef notdef
681 	(void)printf("nlinks == %d (cur: %d)\n", nlinks, cur->fts_nlink);
682 	(void)printf("NOSTAT %d PHYSICAL %d SEEDOT %d\n",
683 	    ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT), ISSET(FTS_PHYSICAL), ISSET(FTS_SEEDOT));
684 #endif
685 	/*
686 	 * If we're going to need to stat anything or we want to descend
687 	 * and stay in the directory, chdir.  If this fails we keep going,
688 	 * but set a flag so we don't chdir after the post-order visit.
689 	 * We won't be able to stat anything, but we can still return the
690 	 * names themselves.  Note, that since fts_read won't be able to
691 	 * chdir into the directory, it will have to return different path
692 	 * names than before, i.e. "a/b" instead of "b".  Since the node
693 	 * has already been visited in pre-order, have to wait until the
694 	 * post-order visit to return the error.  There is a special case
695 	 * here, if there was nothing to stat then it's not an error to
696 	 * not be able to stat.  This is all fairly nasty.  If a program
697 	 * needed sorted entries or stat information, they had better be
698 	 * checking FTS_NS on the returned nodes.
699 	 */
700 	cderrno = 0;
701 	if (nlinks || type == BREAD) {
702 		if (fts_safe_changedir(sp, cur, dirfd(dirp), NULL)) {
703 			if (nlinks && type == BREAD)
704 				cur->fts_errno = errno;
705 			cur->fts_flags |= FTS_DONTCHDIR;
706 			descend = 0;
707 			cderrno = errno;
708 		} else
709 			descend = 1;
710 	} else
711 		descend = 0;
712 
713 	/*
714 	 * Figure out the max file name length that can be stored in the
715 	 * current path -- the inner loop allocates more path as necessary.
716 	 * We really wouldn't have to do the maxlen calculations here, we
717 	 * could do them in fts_read before returning the path, but it's a
718 	 * lot easier here since the length is part of the dirent structure.
719 	 *
720 	 * If not changing directories set a pointer so that can just append
721 	 * each new name into the path.
722 	 */
723 	len = NAPPEND(cur);
724 	if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
725 		cp = sp->fts_path + len;
726 		*cp++ = '/';
727 	}
728 	len++;
729 	maxlen = sp->fts_pathlen - len;
730 
731 #if defined(__FTS_COMPAT_LEVEL)
732 	if (cur->fts_level == SHRT_MAX) {
733 		(void)closedir(dirp);
734 		cur->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
735 		SET(FTS_STOP);
736 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
737 		return (NULL);
738 	}
739 #endif
740 
741 	level = cur->fts_level + 1;
742 
743 	/* Read the directory, attaching each entry to the `link' pointer. */
744 	doadjust = 0;
745 	for (head = tail = NULL, nitems = 0; (dp = readdir(dirp)) != NULL;) {
746 
747 		if (!ISSET(FTS_SEEDOT) && ISDOT(dp->d_name))
748 			continue;
749 
750 #if defined(HAVE_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_NAMLEN)
751 		dnamlen = dp->d_namlen;
752 #else
753 		dnamlen = strlen(dp->d_name);
754 #endif
755 		if ((p = fts_alloc(sp, dp->d_name, dnamlen)) == NULL)
756 			goto mem1;
757 		if (dnamlen >= maxlen) {	/* include space for NUL */
758 			oldaddr = sp->fts_path;
759 			if (fts_palloc(sp, dnamlen + len + 1)) {
760 				/*
761 				 * No more memory for path or structures.  Save
762 				 * errno, free up the current structure and the
763 				 * structures already allocated.
764 				 */
765 mem1:				saved_errno = errno;
766 				if (p)
767 					fts_free(p);
768 				fts_lfree(head);
769 				(void)closedir(dirp);
770 				errno = saved_errno;
771 				cur->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
772 				SET(FTS_STOP);
773 				return (NULL);
774 			}
775 			/* Did realloc() change the pointer? */
776 			if (oldaddr != sp->fts_path) {
777 				doadjust = 1;
778 				if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR))
779 					cp = sp->fts_path + len;
780 			}
781 			maxlen = sp->fts_pathlen - len;
782 		}
783 
784 #if defined(__FTS_COMPAT_LENGTH)
785 		if (len + dnamlen >= USHRT_MAX) {
786 			/*
787 			 * In an FTSENT, fts_pathlen is an unsigned short
788 			 * so it is possible to wraparound here.
789 			 * If we do, free up the current structure and the
790 			 * structures already allocated, then error out
791 			 * with ENAMETOOLONG.
792 			 */
793 			fts_free(p);
794 			fts_lfree(head);
795 			(void)closedir(dirp);
796 			cur->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
797 			SET(FTS_STOP);
798 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
799 			return (NULL);
800 		}
801 #endif
802 		p->fts_level = level;
803 		p->fts_pathlen = len + dnamlen;
804 		p->fts_parent = sp->fts_cur;
805 
806 #ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT
807 		if (dp->d_type == DT_WHT)
808 			p->fts_flags |= FTS_ISW;
809 #endif
810 
811 		if (cderrno) {
812 			if (nlinks) {
813 				p->fts_info = FTS_NS;
814 				p->fts_errno = cderrno;
815 			} else
816 				p->fts_info = FTS_NSOK;
817 			p->fts_accpath = cur->fts_accpath;
818 		} else if (nlinks == 0
819 #ifdef DT_DIR
820 		    || (nostat &&
821 		    dp->d_type != DT_DIR && dp->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
822 #endif
823 		    ) {
824 			p->fts_accpath =
825 			    ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR) ? p->fts_path : p->fts_name;
826 			p->fts_info = FTS_NSOK;
827 		} else {
828 			/* Build a file name for fts_stat to stat. */
829 			if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
830 				p->fts_accpath = p->fts_path;
831 				memmove(cp, p->fts_name,
832 				        (size_t)(p->fts_namelen + 1));
833 			} else
834 				p->fts_accpath = p->fts_name;
835 			/* Stat it. */
836 			p->fts_info = fts_stat(sp, p, 0);
837 
838 			/* Decrement link count if applicable. */
839 			if (nlinks > 0 && (p->fts_info == FTS_D ||
840 			    p->fts_info == FTS_DC || p->fts_info == FTS_DOT))
841 				--nlinks;
842 		}
843 
844 		/* We walk in directory order so "ls -f" doesn't get upset. */
845 		p->fts_link = NULL;
846 		if (head == NULL)
847 			head = tail = p;
848 		else {
849 			tail->fts_link = p;
850 			tail = p;
851 		}
852 		++nitems;
853 	}
854 	(void)closedir(dirp);
855 
856 	/*
857 	 * If had to realloc the path, adjust the addresses for the rest
858 	 * of the tree.
859 	 */
860 	if (doadjust)
861 		fts_padjust(sp, head);
862 
863 	/*
864 	 * If not changing directories, reset the path back to original
865 	 * state.
866 	 */
867 	if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR)) {
868 		if (len == sp->fts_pathlen || nitems == 0)
869 			--cp;
870 		*cp = '\0';
871 	}
872 
873 	/*
874 	 * If descended after called from fts_children or after called from
875 	 * fts_read and nothing found, get back.  At the root level we use
876 	 * the saved fd; if one of fts_open()'s arguments is a relative path
877 	 * to an empty directory, we wind up here with no other way back.  If
878 	 * can't get back, we're done.
879 	 */
880 	if (descend && (type == BCHILD || !nitems) &&
881 	    (cur->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL ?
882 	    FCHDIR(sp, sp->fts_rfd) :
883 	    fts_safe_changedir(sp, cur->fts_parent, -1, ".."))) {
884 		cur->fts_info = FTS_ERR;
885 		SET(FTS_STOP);
886 		return (NULL);
887 	}
888 
889 	/* If didn't find anything, return NULL. */
890 	if (!nitems) {
891 		if (type == BREAD)
892 			cur->fts_info = FTS_DP;
893 		return (NULL);
894 	}
895 
896 	/* Sort the entries. */
897 	if (sp->fts_compar && nitems > 1)
898 		head = fts_sort(sp, head, nitems);
899 	return (head);
900 }
901 
902 static unsigned short
903 fts_stat(FTS *sp, FTSENT *p, int follow)
904 {
905 	FTSENT *t;
906 	dev_t dev;
907 	__fts_ino_t ino;
908 	__fts_stat_t *sbp, sb;
909 	int saved_errno;
910 
911 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
912 	_DIAGASSERT(p != NULL);
913 
914 	/* If user needs stat info, stat buffer already allocated. */
915 	sbp = ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT) ? &sb : p->fts_statp;
916 
917 #ifdef FTS_WHITEOUT
918 	/* check for whiteout */
919 	if (p->fts_flags & FTS_ISW) {
920 		if (sbp != &sb) {
921 			memset(sbp, '\0', sizeof (*sbp));
922 			sbp->st_mode = S_IFWHT;
923 		}
924 		return (FTS_W);
925 	}
926 #endif
927 
928 	/*
929 	 * If doing a logical walk, or application requested FTS_FOLLOW, do
930 	 * a stat(2).  If that fails, check for a non-existent symlink.  If
931 	 * fail, set the errno from the stat call.
932 	 */
933 	if (ISSET(FTS_LOGICAL) || follow) {
934 		if (stat(p->fts_accpath, sbp)) {
935 			saved_errno = errno;
936 			if (!lstat(p->fts_accpath, sbp)) {
937 				errno = 0;
938 				return (FTS_SLNONE);
939 			}
940 			p->fts_errno = saved_errno;
941 			goto err;
942 		}
943 	} else if (lstat(p->fts_accpath, sbp)) {
944 		p->fts_errno = errno;
945 err:		memset(sbp, 0, sizeof(*sbp));
946 		return (FTS_NS);
947 	}
948 
949 	if (S_ISDIR(sbp->st_mode)) {
950 		/*
951 		 * Set the device/inode.  Used to find cycles and check for
952 		 * crossing mount points.  Also remember the link count, used
953 		 * in fts_build to limit the number of stat calls.  It is
954 		 * understood that these fields are only referenced if fts_info
955 		 * is set to FTS_D.
956 		 */
957 		dev = p->fts_dev = sbp->st_dev;
958 		ino = p->fts_ino = sbp->st_ino;
959 		p->fts_nlink = sbp->st_nlink;
960 
961 		if (ISDOT(p->fts_name))
962 			return (FTS_DOT);
963 
964 		/*
965 		 * Cycle detection is done by brute force when the directory
966 		 * is first encountered.  If the tree gets deep enough or the
967 		 * number of symbolic links to directories is high enough,
968 		 * something faster might be worthwhile.
969 		 */
970 		for (t = p->fts_parent;
971 		    t->fts_level >= FTS_ROOTLEVEL; t = t->fts_parent)
972 			if (ino == t->fts_ino && dev == t->fts_dev) {
973 				p->fts_cycle = t;
974 				return (FTS_DC);
975 			}
976 		return (FTS_D);
977 	}
978 	if (S_ISLNK(sbp->st_mode))
979 		return (FTS_SL);
980 	if (S_ISREG(sbp->st_mode))
981 		return (FTS_F);
982 	return (FTS_DEFAULT);
983 }
984 
985 static FTSENT *
986 fts_sort(FTS *sp, FTSENT *head, size_t nitems)
987 {
988 	FTSENT **ap, *p;
989 
990 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
991 	_DIAGASSERT(head != NULL);
992 
993 	/*
994 	 * Construct an array of pointers to the structures and call qsort(3).
995 	 * Reassemble the array in the order returned by qsort.  If unable to
996 	 * sort for memory reasons, return the directory entries in their
997 	 * current order.  Allocate enough space for the current needs plus
998 	 * 40 so don't realloc one entry at a time.
999 	 */
1000 	if (nitems > sp->fts_nitems) {
1001 		FTSENT **new;
1002 
1003 		new = realloc(sp->fts_array, sizeof(FTSENT *) * (nitems + 40));
1004 		if (new == 0)
1005 			return (head);
1006 		sp->fts_array = new;
1007 		sp->fts_nitems = nitems + 40;
1008 	}
1009 	for (ap = sp->fts_array, p = head; p; p = p->fts_link)
1010 		*ap++ = p;
1011 	qsort((void *)sp->fts_array, nitems, sizeof(FTSENT *),
1012 		(int (*)(const void *, const void *))sp->fts_compar);
1013 	for (head = *(ap = sp->fts_array); --nitems; ++ap)
1014 		ap[0]->fts_link = ap[1];
1015 	ap[0]->fts_link = NULL;
1016 	return (head);
1017 }
1018 
1019 static FTSENT *
1020 fts_alloc(FTS *sp, const char *name, size_t namelen)
1021 {
1022 	FTSENT *p;
1023 #if defined(FTS_ALLOC_ALIGNED)
1024 	size_t len;
1025 #endif
1026 
1027 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
1028 	_DIAGASSERT(name != NULL);
1029 
1030 #if defined(FTS_ALLOC_ALIGNED)
1031 	/*
1032 	 * The file name is a variable length array and no stat structure is
1033 	 * necessary if the user has set the nostat bit.  Allocate the FTSENT
1034 	 * structure, the file name and the stat structure in one chunk, but
1035 	 * be careful that the stat structure is reasonably aligned.  Since the
1036 	 * fts_name field is declared to be of size 1, the fts_name pointer is
1037 	 * namelen + 2 before the first possible address of the stat structure.
1038 	 */
1039 	len = sizeof(FTSENT) + namelen;
1040 	if (!ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT))
1041 		len += sizeof(*(p->fts_statp)) + ALIGNBYTES;
1042 	if ((p = malloc(len)) == NULL)
1043 		return (NULL);
1044 
1045 	if (!ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT))
1046 		p->fts_statp = (__fts_stat_t *)ALIGN(
1047 		    (unsigned long)(p->fts_name + namelen + 2));
1048 #else
1049 	if ((p = malloc(sizeof(FTSENT) + namelen)) == NULL)
1050 		return (NULL);
1051 
1052 	if (!ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT))
1053 		if ((p->fts_statp = malloc(sizeof(*(p->fts_statp)))) == NULL) {
1054 			free(p);
1055 			return (NULL);
1056 		}
1057 #endif
1058 
1059         if (ISSET(FTS_NOSTAT))
1060                 p->fts_statp = NULL;
1061 
1062 	/* Copy the name plus the trailing NULL. */
1063 	memmove(p->fts_name, name, namelen + 1);
1064 
1065 	p->fts_namelen = namelen;
1066 	p->fts_path = sp->fts_path;
1067 	p->fts_errno = 0;
1068 	p->fts_flags = 0;
1069 	p->fts_instr = FTS_NOINSTR;
1070 	p->fts_number = 0;
1071 	p->fts_pointer = NULL;
1072 	return (p);
1073 }
1074 
1075 static void
1076 fts_free(FTSENT *p)
1077 {
1078 #if !defined(FTS_ALLOC_ALIGNED)
1079 	if (p->fts_statp)
1080 		free(p->fts_statp);
1081 #endif
1082 	free(p);
1083 }
1084 
1085 static void
1086 fts_lfree(FTSENT *head)
1087 {
1088 	FTSENT *p;
1089 
1090 	/* XXX: head may be NULL ? */
1091 
1092 	/* Free a linked list of structures. */
1093 	while ((p = head) != NULL) {
1094 		head = head->fts_link;
1095 		fts_free(p);
1096 	}
1097 }
1098 
1099 static size_t
1100 fts_pow2(size_t x)
1101 {
1102 
1103 	x--;
1104 	x |= x>>1;
1105 	x |= x>>2;
1106 	x |= x>>4;
1107 	x |= x>>8;
1108 	x |= x>>16;
1109 #if LONG_BIT > 32
1110 	x |= x>>32;
1111 #endif
1112 #if LONG_BIT > 64
1113 	x |= x>>64;
1114 #endif
1115 	x++;
1116 	return (x);
1117 }
1118 
1119 /*
1120  * Allow essentially unlimited paths; find, rm, ls should all work on any tree.
1121  * Most systems will allow creation of paths much longer than MAXPATHLEN, even
1122  * though the kernel won't resolve them.  Round up the new size to a power of 2,
1123  * so we don't realloc the path 2 bytes at a time.
1124  */
1125 static int
1126 fts_palloc(FTS *sp, size_t size)
1127 {
1128 	char *new;
1129 
1130 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
1131 
1132 #ifdef __FTS_COMPAT_LENGTH
1133 	/* Protect against fts_pathlen overflow. */
1134 	if (size > USHRT_MAX + 1) {
1135 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
1136 		return (1);
1137 	}
1138 #endif
1139 	size = fts_pow2(size);
1140 	new = realloc(sp->fts_path, size);
1141 	if (new == 0)
1142 		return (1);
1143 	sp->fts_path = new;
1144 	sp->fts_pathlen = size;
1145 	return (0);
1146 }
1147 
1148 /*
1149  * When the path is realloc'd, have to fix all of the pointers in structures
1150  * already returned.
1151  */
1152 static void
1153 fts_padjust(FTS *sp, FTSENT *head)
1154 {
1155 	FTSENT *p;
1156 	char *addr;
1157 
1158 	_DIAGASSERT(sp != NULL);
1159 
1160 #define	ADJUST(p) do {							\
1161 	if ((p)->fts_accpath != (p)->fts_name)				\
1162 		(p)->fts_accpath =					\
1163 		    addr + ((p)->fts_accpath - (p)->fts_path);		\
1164 	(p)->fts_path = addr;						\
1165 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
1166 
1167 	addr = sp->fts_path;
1168 
1169 	/* Adjust the current set of children. */
1170 	for (p = sp->fts_child; p; p = p->fts_link)
1171 		ADJUST(p);
1172 
1173 	/* Adjust the rest of the tree, including the current level. */
1174 	for (p = head; p->fts_level >= FTS_ROOTLEVEL;) {
1175 		ADJUST(p);
1176 		p = p->fts_link ? p->fts_link : p->fts_parent;
1177 	}
1178 }
1179 
1180 static size_t
1181 fts_maxarglen(char * const *argv)
1182 {
1183 	size_t len, max;
1184 
1185 	_DIAGASSERT(argv != NULL);
1186 
1187 	for (max = 0; *argv; ++argv)
1188 		if ((len = strlen(*argv)) > max)
1189 			max = len;
1190 	return (max + 1);
1191 }
1192 
1193 /*
1194  * Change to dir specified by fd or p->fts_accpath without getting
1195  * tricked by someone changing the world out from underneath us.
1196  * Assumes p->fts_dev and p->fts_ino are filled in.
1197  */
1198 static int
1199 fts_safe_changedir(const FTS *sp, const FTSENT *p, int fd, const char *path)
1200 {
1201 	int oldfd = fd, ret = -1;
1202 	__fts_stat_t sb;
1203 
1204 	if (ISSET(FTS_NOCHDIR))
1205 		return 0;
1206 
1207 	if (oldfd < 0 && (fd = open(path, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
1208 		return -1;
1209 
1210 	if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1)
1211 		goto bail;
1212 
1213 	if (sb.st_ino != p->fts_ino || sb.st_dev != p->fts_dev) {
1214 		errno = ENOENT;
1215 		goto bail;
1216 	}
1217 
1218 	ret = fchdir(fd);
1219 
1220 bail:
1221 	if (oldfd < 0) {
1222 		int save_errno = errno;
1223 		(void)close(fd);
1224 		errno = save_errno;
1225 	}
1226 	return ret;
1227 }
1228