xref: /llvm-project/mlir/test/python/execution_engine.py (revision ba44d7ba1fb3e27f51d65ea1af280e00382e09e0)

# RUN: env MLIR_RUNNER_UTILS=%mlir_runner_utils MLIR_C_RUNNER_UTILS=%mlir_c_runner_utils %PYTHON %s 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
# REQUIRES: host-supports-jit
import gc, sys, os, tempfile
from mlir.ir import *
from mlir.passmanager import *
from mlir.execution_engine import *
from mlir.runtime import *

try:
    from ml_dtypes import bfloat16, float8_e5m2

    HAS_ML_DTYPES = True
except ModuleNotFoundError:
    HAS_ML_DTYPES = False


MLIR_RUNNER_UTILS = os.getenv(
    "MLIR_RUNNER_UTILS", "../../../../lib/libmlir_runner_utils.so"
)
MLIR_C_RUNNER_UTILS = os.getenv(
    "MLIR_C_RUNNER_UTILS", "../../../../lib/libmlir_c_runner_utils.so"
)

# Log everything to stderr and flush so that we have a unified stream to match
# errors/info emitted by MLIR to stderr.
def log(*args):
    print(*args, file=sys.stderr)
    sys.stderr.flush()


def run(f):
    log("\nTEST:", f.__name__)
    f()
    gc.collect()
    assert Context._get_live_count() == 0


# Verify capsule interop.
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testCapsule
def testCapsule():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
llvm.func @none() {
  llvm.return
}
    """
        )
        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(module)
        execution_engine_capsule = execution_engine._CAPIPtr
        # CHECK: mlir.execution_engine.ExecutionEngine._CAPIPtr
        log(repr(execution_engine_capsule))
        execution_engine._testing_release()
        execution_engine1 = ExecutionEngine._CAPICreate(execution_engine_capsule)
        # CHECK: _mlirExecutionEngine.ExecutionEngine
        log(repr(execution_engine1))


run(testCapsule)


# Test invalid ExecutionEngine creation
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testInvalidModule
def testInvalidModule():
    with Context():
        # Builtin function
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
    func.func @foo() { return }
    """
        )
        # CHECK: Got RuntimeError:  Failure while creating the ExecutionEngine.
        try:
            execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(module)
        except RuntimeError as e:
            log("Got RuntimeError: ", e)


run(testInvalidModule)


def lowerToLLVM(module):
    pm = PassManager.parse(
        "builtin.module(convert-complex-to-llvm,finalize-memref-to-llvm,convert-func-to-llvm,convert-arith-to-llvm,convert-cf-to-llvm,reconcile-unrealized-casts)"
    )
    pm.run(module.operation)
    return module


# Test simple ExecutionEngine execution
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testInvokeVoid
def testInvokeVoid():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
func.func @void() attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
  return
}
    """
        )
        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        # Nothing to check other than no exception thrown here.
        execution_engine.invoke("void")


run(testInvokeVoid)


# Test argument passing and result with a simple float addition.
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testInvokeFloatAdd
def testInvokeFloatAdd():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
func.func @add(%arg0: f32, %arg1: f32) -> f32 attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
  %add = arith.addf %arg0, %arg1 : f32
  return %add : f32
}
    """
        )
        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        # Prepare arguments: two input floats and one result.
        # Arguments must be passed as pointers.
        c_float_p = ctypes.c_float * 1
        arg0 = c_float_p(42.0)
        arg1 = c_float_p(2.0)
        res = c_float_p(-1.0)
        execution_engine.invoke("add", arg0, arg1, res)
        # CHECK: 42.0 + 2.0 = 44.0
        log("{0} + {1} = {2}".format(arg0[0], arg1[0], res[0]))


run(testInvokeFloatAdd)


# Test callback
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testBasicCallback
def testBasicCallback():
    # Define a callback function that takes a float and an integer and returns a float.
    @ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_float, ctypes.c_float, ctypes.c_int)
    def callback(a, b):
        return a / 2 + b / 2

    with Context():
        # The module just forwards to a runtime function known as "some_callback_into_python".
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
func.func @add(%arg0: f32, %arg1: i32) -> f32 attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
  %resf = call @some_callback_into_python(%arg0, %arg1) : (f32, i32) -> (f32)
  return %resf : f32
}
func.func private @some_callback_into_python(f32, i32) -> f32 attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface }
    """
        )
        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.register_runtime("some_callback_into_python", callback)

        # Prepare arguments: two input floats and one result.
        # Arguments must be passed as pointers.
        c_float_p = ctypes.c_float * 1
        c_int_p = ctypes.c_int * 1
        arg0 = c_float_p(42.0)
        arg1 = c_int_p(2)
        res = c_float_p(-1.0)
        execution_engine.invoke("add", arg0, arg1, res)
        # CHECK: 42.0 + 2 = 44.0
        log("{0} + {1} = {2}".format(arg0[0], arg1[0], res[0] * 2))


run(testBasicCallback)


# Test callback with an unranked memref
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testUnrankedMemRefCallback
def testUnrankedMemRefCallback():
    # Define a callback function that takes an unranked memref, converts it to a numpy array and prints it.
    @ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(None, ctypes.POINTER(UnrankedMemRefDescriptor))
    def callback(a):
        arr = unranked_memref_to_numpy(a, np.float32)
        log("Inside callback: ")
        log(arr)

    with Context():
        # The module just forwards to a runtime function known as "some_callback_into_python".
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
func.func @callback_memref(%arg0: memref<*xf32>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
  call @some_callback_into_python(%arg0) : (memref<*xf32>) -> ()
  return
}
func.func private @some_callback_into_python(memref<*xf32>) -> () attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface }
"""
        )
        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.register_runtime("some_callback_into_python", callback)
        inp_arr = np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]], np.float32)
        # CHECK: Inside callback:
        # CHECK{LITERAL}: [[1. 2.]
        # CHECK{LITERAL}:  [3. 4.]]
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "callback_memref",
            ctypes.pointer(ctypes.pointer(get_unranked_memref_descriptor(inp_arr))),
        )
        inp_arr_1 = np.array([5, 6, 7], dtype=np.float32)
        strided_arr = np.lib.stride_tricks.as_strided(
            inp_arr_1, strides=(4, 0), shape=(3, 4)
        )
        # CHECK: Inside callback:
        # CHECK{LITERAL}: [[5. 5. 5. 5.]
        # CHECK{LITERAL}:  [6. 6. 6. 6.]
        # CHECK{LITERAL}:  [7. 7. 7. 7.]]
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "callback_memref",
            ctypes.pointer(ctypes.pointer(get_unranked_memref_descriptor(strided_arr))),
        )


run(testUnrankedMemRefCallback)


# Test callback with a ranked memref.
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testRankedMemRefCallback
def testRankedMemRefCallback():
    # Define a callback function that takes a ranked memref, converts it to a numpy array and prints it.
    @ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
        None,
        ctypes.POINTER(
            make_nd_memref_descriptor(2, np.ctypeslib.as_ctypes_type(np.float32))
        ),
    )
    def callback(a):
        arr = ranked_memref_to_numpy(a)
        log("Inside Callback: ")
        log(arr)

    with Context():
        # The module just forwards to a runtime function known as "some_callback_into_python".
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
func.func @callback_memref(%arg0: memref<2x2xf32>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
  call @some_callback_into_python(%arg0) : (memref<2x2xf32>) -> ()
  return
}
func.func private @some_callback_into_python(memref<2x2xf32>) -> () attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface }
"""
        )
        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.register_runtime("some_callback_into_python", callback)
        inp_arr = np.array([[1.0, 5.0], [6.0, 7.0]], np.float32)
        # CHECK: Inside Callback:
        # CHECK{LITERAL}: [[1. 5.]
        # CHECK{LITERAL}:  [6. 7.]]
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "callback_memref",
            ctypes.pointer(ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(inp_arr))),
        )


run(testRankedMemRefCallback)


# Test callback with a ranked memref with non-zero offset.
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testRankedMemRefWithOffsetCallback
def testRankedMemRefWithOffsetCallback():
    # Define a callback function that takes a ranked memref, converts it to a numpy array and prints it.
    @ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(
        None,
        ctypes.POINTER(
            make_nd_memref_descriptor(1, np.ctypeslib.as_ctypes_type(np.float32))
        ),
    )
    def callback(a):
        arr = ranked_memref_to_numpy(a)
        log("Inside Callback: ")
        log(arr)

    with Context():
        # The module takes a subview of the argument memref and calls the callback with it
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
func.func @callback_memref(%arg0: memref<5xf32>) attributes {llvm.emit_c_interface} {
  %base_buffer, %offset, %sizes, %strides = memref.extract_strided_metadata %arg0 : memref<5xf32> -> memref<f32>, index, index, index
  %reinterpret_cast = memref.reinterpret_cast %base_buffer to offset: [3], sizes: [2], strides: [1] : memref<f32> to memref<2xf32, strided<[1], offset: 3>>
  %cast = memref.cast %reinterpret_cast : memref<2xf32, strided<[1], offset: 3>> to memref<?xf32, strided<[?], offset: ?>>
  call @some_callback_into_python(%cast) : (memref<?xf32, strided<[?], offset: ?>>) -> ()
  return
}
func.func private @some_callback_into_python(memref<?xf32, strided<[?], offset: ?>>) attributes {llvm.emit_c_interface}
"""
        )
        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.register_runtime("some_callback_into_python", callback)
        inp_arr = np.array([0, 0, 0, 1, 2], np.float32)
        # CHECK: Inside Callback:
        # CHECK{LITERAL}: [1. 2.]
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "callback_memref",
            ctypes.pointer(ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(inp_arr))),
        )


run(testRankedMemRefWithOffsetCallback)


# Test callback with an unranked memref with non-zero offset
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testUnrankedMemRefWithOffsetCallback
def testUnrankedMemRefWithOffsetCallback():
    # Define a callback function that takes an unranked memref, converts it to a numpy array and prints it.
    @ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(None, ctypes.POINTER(UnrankedMemRefDescriptor))
    def callback(a):
        arr = unranked_memref_to_numpy(a, np.float32)
        log("Inside callback: ")
        log(arr)

    with Context():
        # The module takes a subview of the argument memref, casts it to an unranked memref and
        # calls the callback with it.
        module = Module.parse(
            r"""
func.func @callback_memref(%arg0: memref<5xf32>) attributes {llvm.emit_c_interface} {
    %base_buffer, %offset, %sizes, %strides = memref.extract_strided_metadata %arg0 : memref<5xf32> -> memref<f32>, index, index, index
    %reinterpret_cast = memref.reinterpret_cast %base_buffer to offset: [3], sizes: [2], strides: [1] : memref<f32> to memref<2xf32, strided<[1], offset: 3>>
    %cast = memref.cast %reinterpret_cast : memref<2xf32, strided<[1], offset: 3>> to memref<*xf32>
    call @some_callback_into_python(%cast) : (memref<*xf32>) -> ()
    return
}
func.func private @some_callback_into_python(memref<*xf32>) attributes {llvm.emit_c_interface}
"""
        )
        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.register_runtime("some_callback_into_python", callback)
        inp_arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], np.float32)
        # CHECK: Inside callback:
        # CHECK{LITERAL}: [4. 5.]
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "callback_memref",
            ctypes.pointer(ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(inp_arr))),
        )

run(testUnrankedMemRefWithOffsetCallback)


#  Test addition of two memrefs.
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testMemrefAdd
def testMemrefAdd():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
    module  {
      func.func @main(%arg0: memref<1xf32>, %arg1: memref<f32>, %arg2: memref<1xf32>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
        %0 = arith.constant 0 : index
        %1 = memref.load %arg0[%0] : memref<1xf32>
        %2 = memref.load %arg1[] : memref<f32>
        %3 = arith.addf %1, %2 : f32
        memref.store %3, %arg2[%0] : memref<1xf32>
        return
      }
    } """
        )
        arg1 = np.array([32.5]).astype(np.float32)
        arg2 = np.array(6).astype(np.float32)
        res = np.array([0]).astype(np.float32)

        arg1_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg1))
        )
        arg2_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg2))
        )
        res_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(res))
        )

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "main", arg1_memref_ptr, arg2_memref_ptr, res_memref_ptr
        )
        # CHECK: [32.5] + 6.0 = [38.5]
        log("{0} + {1} = {2}".format(arg1, arg2, res))


run(testMemrefAdd)


# Test addition of two f16 memrefs
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testF16MemrefAdd
def testF16MemrefAdd():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
    module  {
      func.func @main(%arg0: memref<1xf16>,
                      %arg1: memref<1xf16>,
                      %arg2: memref<1xf16>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
        %0 = arith.constant 0 : index
        %1 = memref.load %arg0[%0] : memref<1xf16>
        %2 = memref.load %arg1[%0] : memref<1xf16>
        %3 = arith.addf %1, %2 : f16
        memref.store %3, %arg2[%0] : memref<1xf16>
        return
      }
    } """
        )

        arg1 = np.array([11.0]).astype(np.float16)
        arg2 = np.array([22.0]).astype(np.float16)
        arg3 = np.array([0.0]).astype(np.float16)

        arg1_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg1))
        )
        arg2_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg2))
        )
        arg3_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg3))
        )

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "main", arg1_memref_ptr, arg2_memref_ptr, arg3_memref_ptr
        )
        # CHECK: [11.] + [22.] = [33.]
        log("{0} + {1} = {2}".format(arg1, arg2, arg3))

        # test to-numpy utility
        # CHECK: [33.]
        npout = ranked_memref_to_numpy(arg3_memref_ptr[0])
        log(npout)


run(testF16MemrefAdd)


# Test addition of two complex memrefs
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testComplexMemrefAdd
def testComplexMemrefAdd():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
    module  {
      func.func @main(%arg0: memref<1xcomplex<f64>>,
                      %arg1: memref<1xcomplex<f64>>,
                      %arg2: memref<1xcomplex<f64>>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
        %0 = arith.constant 0 : index
        %1 = memref.load %arg0[%0] : memref<1xcomplex<f64>>
        %2 = memref.load %arg1[%0] : memref<1xcomplex<f64>>
        %3 = complex.add %1, %2 : complex<f64>
        memref.store %3, %arg2[%0] : memref<1xcomplex<f64>>
        return
      }
    } """
        )

        arg1 = np.array([1.0 + 2.0j]).astype(np.complex128)
        arg2 = np.array([3.0 + 4.0j]).astype(np.complex128)
        arg3 = np.array([0.0 + 0.0j]).astype(np.complex128)

        arg1_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg1))
        )
        arg2_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg2))
        )
        arg3_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg3))
        )

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "main", arg1_memref_ptr, arg2_memref_ptr, arg3_memref_ptr
        )
        # CHECK: [1.+2.j] + [3.+4.j] = [4.+6.j]
        log("{0} + {1} = {2}".format(arg1, arg2, arg3))

        # test to-numpy utility
        # CHECK: [4.+6.j]
        npout = ranked_memref_to_numpy(arg3_memref_ptr[0])
        log(npout)


run(testComplexMemrefAdd)


# Test addition of two complex unranked memrefs
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testComplexUnrankedMemrefAdd
def testComplexUnrankedMemrefAdd():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
    module  {
      func.func @main(%arg0: memref<*xcomplex<f32>>,
                      %arg1: memref<*xcomplex<f32>>,
                      %arg2: memref<*xcomplex<f32>>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
        %A = memref.cast %arg0 : memref<*xcomplex<f32>> to memref<1xcomplex<f32>>
        %B = memref.cast %arg1 : memref<*xcomplex<f32>> to memref<1xcomplex<f32>>
        %C = memref.cast %arg2 : memref<*xcomplex<f32>> to memref<1xcomplex<f32>>
        %0 = arith.constant 0 : index
        %1 = memref.load %A[%0] : memref<1xcomplex<f32>>
        %2 = memref.load %B[%0] : memref<1xcomplex<f32>>
        %3 = complex.add %1, %2 : complex<f32>
        memref.store %3, %C[%0] : memref<1xcomplex<f32>>
        return
      }
    } """
        )

        arg1 = np.array([5.0 + 6.0j]).astype(np.complex64)
        arg2 = np.array([7.0 + 8.0j]).astype(np.complex64)
        arg3 = np.array([0.0 + 0.0j]).astype(np.complex64)

        arg1_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_unranked_memref_descriptor(arg1))
        )
        arg2_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_unranked_memref_descriptor(arg2))
        )
        arg3_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_unranked_memref_descriptor(arg3))
        )

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "main", arg1_memref_ptr, arg2_memref_ptr, arg3_memref_ptr
        )
        # CHECK: [5.+6.j] + [7.+8.j] = [12.+14.j]
        log("{0} + {1} = {2}".format(arg1, arg2, arg3))

        # test to-numpy utility
        # CHECK: [12.+14.j]
        npout = unranked_memref_to_numpy(arg3_memref_ptr[0], np.dtype(np.complex64))
        log(npout)


run(testComplexUnrankedMemrefAdd)


# Test bf16 memrefs
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testBF16Memref
def testBF16Memref():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
    module  {
      func.func @main(%arg0: memref<1xbf16>,
                      %arg1: memref<1xbf16>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
        %0 = arith.constant 0 : index
        %1 = memref.load %arg0[%0] : memref<1xbf16>
        memref.store %1, %arg1[%0] : memref<1xbf16>
        return
      }
    } """
        )

        arg1 = np.array([0.5]).astype(bfloat16)
        arg2 = np.array([0.0]).astype(bfloat16)

        arg1_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg1))
        )
        arg2_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg2))
        )

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.invoke("main", arg1_memref_ptr, arg2_memref_ptr)

        # test to-numpy utility
        x = ranked_memref_to_numpy(arg2_memref_ptr[0])
        assert len(x) == 1
        assert x[0] == 0.5


if HAS_ML_DTYPES:
    run(testBF16Memref)
else:
    log("TEST: testBF16Memref")


# Test f8E5M2 memrefs
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testF8E5M2Memref
def testF8E5M2Memref():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
    module  {
      func.func @main(%arg0: memref<1xf8E5M2>,
                      %arg1: memref<1xf8E5M2>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
        %0 = arith.constant 0 : index
        %1 = memref.load %arg0[%0] : memref<1xf8E5M2>
        memref.store %1, %arg1[%0] : memref<1xf8E5M2>
        return
      }
    } """
        )

        arg1 = np.array([0.5]).astype(float8_e5m2)
        arg2 = np.array([0.0]).astype(float8_e5m2)

        arg1_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg1))
        )
        arg2_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg2))
        )

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.invoke("main", arg1_memref_ptr, arg2_memref_ptr)

        # test to-numpy utility
        x = ranked_memref_to_numpy(arg2_memref_ptr[0])
        assert len(x) == 1
        assert x[0] == 0.5


if HAS_ML_DTYPES:
    run(testF8E5M2Memref)
else:
    log("TEST: testF8E5M2Memref")


#  Test addition of two 2d_memref
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testDynamicMemrefAdd2D
def testDynamicMemrefAdd2D():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
      module  {
        func.func @memref_add_2d(%arg0: memref<2x2xf32>, %arg1: memref<?x?xf32>, %arg2: memref<2x2xf32>) attributes {llvm.emit_c_interface} {
          %c0 = arith.constant 0 : index
          %c2 = arith.constant 2 : index
          %c1 = arith.constant 1 : index
          cf.br ^bb1(%c0 : index)
        ^bb1(%0: index):  // 2 preds: ^bb0, ^bb5
          %1 = arith.cmpi slt, %0, %c2 : index
          cf.cond_br %1, ^bb2, ^bb6
        ^bb2:  // pred: ^bb1
          %c0_0 = arith.constant 0 : index
          %c2_1 = arith.constant 2 : index
          %c1_2 = arith.constant 1 : index
          cf.br ^bb3(%c0_0 : index)
        ^bb3(%2: index):  // 2 preds: ^bb2, ^bb4
          %3 = arith.cmpi slt, %2, %c2_1 : index
          cf.cond_br %3, ^bb4, ^bb5
        ^bb4:  // pred: ^bb3
          %4 = memref.load %arg0[%0, %2] : memref<2x2xf32>
          %5 = memref.load %arg1[%0, %2] : memref<?x?xf32>
          %6 = arith.addf %4, %5 : f32
          memref.store %6, %arg2[%0, %2] : memref<2x2xf32>
          %7 = arith.addi %2, %c1_2 : index
          cf.br ^bb3(%7 : index)
        ^bb5:  // pred: ^bb3
          %8 = arith.addi %0, %c1 : index
          cf.br ^bb1(%8 : index)
        ^bb6:  // pred: ^bb1
          return
        }
      }
        """
        )
        arg1 = np.random.randn(2, 2).astype(np.float32)
        arg2 = np.random.randn(2, 2).astype(np.float32)
        res = np.random.randn(2, 2).astype(np.float32)

        arg1_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg1))
        )
        arg2_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg2))
        )
        res_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(res))
        )

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module))
        execution_engine.invoke(
            "memref_add_2d", arg1_memref_ptr, arg2_memref_ptr, res_memref_ptr
        )
        # CHECK: True
        log(np.allclose(arg1 + arg2, res))


run(testDynamicMemrefAdd2D)


#  Test loading of shared libraries.
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testSharedLibLoad
def testSharedLibLoad():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
      module  {
      func.func @main(%arg0: memref<1xf32>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
        %c0 = arith.constant 0 : index
        %cst42 = arith.constant 42.0 : f32
        memref.store %cst42, %arg0[%c0] : memref<1xf32>
        %u_memref = memref.cast %arg0 : memref<1xf32> to memref<*xf32>
        call @printMemrefF32(%u_memref) : (memref<*xf32>) -> ()
        return
      }
      func.func private @printMemrefF32(memref<*xf32>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface }
     } """
        )
        arg0 = np.array([0.0]).astype(np.float32)

        arg0_memref_ptr = ctypes.pointer(
            ctypes.pointer(get_ranked_memref_descriptor(arg0))
        )

        if sys.platform == "win32":
            shared_libs = [
                "../../../../bin/mlir_runner_utils.dll",
                "../../../../bin/mlir_c_runner_utils.dll",
            ]
        elif sys.platform == "darwin":
            shared_libs = [
                "../../../../lib/libmlir_runner_utils.dylib",
                "../../../../lib/libmlir_c_runner_utils.dylib",
            ]
        else:
            shared_libs = [
                MLIR_RUNNER_UTILS,
                MLIR_C_RUNNER_UTILS,
            ]

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(
            lowerToLLVM(module), opt_level=3, shared_libs=shared_libs
        )
        execution_engine.invoke("main", arg0_memref_ptr)
        # CHECK: Unranked Memref
        # CHECK-NEXT: [42]


run(testSharedLibLoad)


#  Test that nano time clock is available.
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testNanoTime
def testNanoTime():
    with Context():
        module = Module.parse(
            """
      module {
      func.func @main() attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
        %now = call @nanoTime() : () -> i64
        %memref = memref.alloca() : memref<1xi64>
        %c0 = arith.constant 0 : index
        memref.store %now, %memref[%c0] : memref<1xi64>
        %u_memref = memref.cast %memref : memref<1xi64> to memref<*xi64>
        call @printMemrefI64(%u_memref) : (memref<*xi64>) -> ()
        return
      }
      func.func private @nanoTime() -> i64 attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface }
      func.func private @printMemrefI64(memref<*xi64>) attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface }
    }"""
        )

        if sys.platform == "win32":
            shared_libs = [
                "../../../../bin/mlir_runner_utils.dll",
                "../../../../bin/mlir_c_runner_utils.dll",
            ]
        else:
            shared_libs = [
                MLIR_RUNNER_UTILS,
                MLIR_C_RUNNER_UTILS,
            ]

        execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(
            lowerToLLVM(module), opt_level=3, shared_libs=shared_libs
        )
        execution_engine.invoke("main")
        # CHECK: Unranked Memref
        # CHECK: [{{.*}}]


run(testNanoTime)


#  Test that nano time clock is available.
# CHECK-LABEL: TEST: testDumpToObjectFile
def testDumpToObjectFile():
    fd, object_path = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix=".o")

    try:
        with Context():
            module = Module.parse(
                """
        module {
        func.func @main() attributes { llvm.emit_c_interface } {
          return
        }
      }"""
            )

            execution_engine = ExecutionEngine(lowerToLLVM(module), opt_level=3)

            # CHECK: Object file exists: True
            print(f"Object file exists: {os.path.exists(object_path)}")
            # CHECK: Object file is empty: True
            print(f"Object file is empty: {os.path.getsize(object_path) == 0}")

            execution_engine.dump_to_object_file(object_path)

            # CHECK: Object file exists: True
            print(f"Object file exists: {os.path.exists(object_path)}")
            # CHECK: Object file is empty: False
            print(f"Object file is empty: {os.path.getsize(object_path) == 0}")

    finally:
        os.close(fd)
        os.remove(object_path)


run(testDumpToObjectFile)