xref: /llvm-project/llvm/lib/XRay/InstrumentationMap.cpp (revision 2946cd701067404b99c39fb29dc9c74bd7193eb3)
1 //===- InstrumentationMap.cpp - XRay Instrumentation Map ------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // Implementation of the InstrumentationMap type for XRay sleds.
10 //
11 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
12 
13 #include "llvm/XRay/InstrumentationMap.h"
14 #include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
15 #include "llvm/ADT/None.h"
16 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
17 #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
18 #include "llvm/ADT/Triple.h"
19 #include "llvm/ADT/Twine.h"
20 #include "llvm/Object/Binary.h"
21 #include "llvm/Object/ELFObjectFile.h"
22 #include "llvm/Object/ObjectFile.h"
23 #include "llvm/Support/DataExtractor.h"
24 #include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
25 #include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
26 #include "llvm/Support/YAMLTraits.h"
27 #include <algorithm>
28 #include <cstddef>
29 #include <cstdint>
30 #include <system_error>
31 #include <vector>
32 
33 using namespace llvm;
34 using namespace xray;
35 
36 Optional<int32_t> InstrumentationMap::getFunctionId(uint64_t Addr) const {
37   auto I = FunctionIds.find(Addr);
38   if (I != FunctionIds.end())
39     return I->second;
40   return None;
41 }
42 
43 Optional<uint64_t> InstrumentationMap::getFunctionAddr(int32_t FuncId) const {
44   auto I = FunctionAddresses.find(FuncId);
45   if (I != FunctionAddresses.end())
46     return I->second;
47   return None;
48 }
49 
50 using RelocMap = DenseMap<uint64_t, uint64_t>;
51 
52 static Error
53 loadObj(StringRef Filename, object::OwningBinary<object::ObjectFile> &ObjFile,
54           InstrumentationMap::SledContainer &Sleds,
55           InstrumentationMap::FunctionAddressMap &FunctionAddresses,
56           InstrumentationMap::FunctionAddressReverseMap &FunctionIds) {
57   InstrumentationMap Map;
58 
59   // Find the section named "xray_instr_map".
60   if ((!ObjFile.getBinary()->isELF() && !ObjFile.getBinary()->isMachO()) ||
61       !(ObjFile.getBinary()->getArch() == Triple::x86_64 ||
62         ObjFile.getBinary()->getArch() == Triple::ppc64le))
63     return make_error<StringError>(
64         "File format not supported (only does ELF and Mach-O little endian 64-bit).",
65         std::make_error_code(std::errc::not_supported));
66 
67   StringRef Contents = "";
68   const auto &Sections = ObjFile.getBinary()->sections();
69   auto I = llvm::find_if(Sections, [&](object::SectionRef Section) {
70     StringRef Name = "";
71     if (Section.getName(Name))
72       return false;
73     return Name == "xray_instr_map";
74   });
75 
76   if (I == Sections.end())
77     return make_error<StringError>(
78         "Failed to find XRay instrumentation map.",
79         std::make_error_code(std::errc::executable_format_error));
80 
81   if (I->getContents(Contents))
82     return errorCodeToError(
83         std::make_error_code(std::errc::executable_format_error));
84 
85   RelocMap Relocs;
86   if (ObjFile.getBinary()->isELF()) {
87     uint32_t RelativeRelocation = [](object::ObjectFile *ObjFile) {
88       if (const auto *ELFObj = dyn_cast<object::ELF32LEObjectFile>(ObjFile))
89         return ELFObj->getELFFile()->getRelativeRelocationType();
90       else if (const auto *ELFObj = dyn_cast<object::ELF32BEObjectFile>(ObjFile))
91         return ELFObj->getELFFile()->getRelativeRelocationType();
92       else if (const auto *ELFObj = dyn_cast<object::ELF64LEObjectFile>(ObjFile))
93         return ELFObj->getELFFile()->getRelativeRelocationType();
94       else if (const auto *ELFObj = dyn_cast<object::ELF64BEObjectFile>(ObjFile))
95         return ELFObj->getELFFile()->getRelativeRelocationType();
96       else
97         return static_cast<uint32_t>(0);
98     }(ObjFile.getBinary());
99 
100     for (const object::SectionRef &Section : Sections) {
101       for (const object::RelocationRef &Reloc : Section.relocations()) {
102         if (Reloc.getType() != RelativeRelocation)
103           continue;
104         if (auto AddendOrErr = object::ELFRelocationRef(Reloc).getAddend())
105           Relocs.insert({Reloc.getOffset(), *AddendOrErr});
106       }
107     }
108   }
109 
110   // Copy the instrumentation map data into the Sleds data structure.
111   auto C = Contents.bytes_begin();
112   static constexpr size_t ELF64SledEntrySize = 32;
113 
114   if ((C - Contents.bytes_end()) % ELF64SledEntrySize != 0)
115     return make_error<StringError>(
116         Twine("Instrumentation map entries not evenly divisible by size of "
117               "an XRay sled entry in ELF64."),
118         std::make_error_code(std::errc::executable_format_error));
119 
120   auto RelocateOrElse = [&](uint32_t Offset, uint64_t Address) {
121     if (!Address) {
122       uint64_t A = I->getAddress() + C - Contents.bytes_begin() + Offset;
123       RelocMap::const_iterator R = Relocs.find(A);
124       if (R != Relocs.end())
125         return R->second;
126     }
127     return Address;
128   };
129 
130   int32_t FuncId = 1;
131   uint64_t CurFn = 0;
132   for (; C != Contents.bytes_end(); C += ELF64SledEntrySize) {
133     DataExtractor Extractor(
134         StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(C), ELF64SledEntrySize), true,
135         8);
136     Sleds.push_back({});
137     auto &Entry = Sleds.back();
138     uint32_t OffsetPtr = 0;
139     uint32_t AddrOff = OffsetPtr;
140     Entry.Address = RelocateOrElse(AddrOff, Extractor.getU64(&OffsetPtr));
141     uint32_t FuncOff = OffsetPtr;
142     Entry.Function = RelocateOrElse(FuncOff, Extractor.getU64(&OffsetPtr));
143     auto Kind = Extractor.getU8(&OffsetPtr);
144     static constexpr SledEntry::FunctionKinds Kinds[] = {
145         SledEntry::FunctionKinds::ENTRY, SledEntry::FunctionKinds::EXIT,
146         SledEntry::FunctionKinds::TAIL,
147         SledEntry::FunctionKinds::LOG_ARGS_ENTER,
148         SledEntry::FunctionKinds::CUSTOM_EVENT};
149     if (Kind >= sizeof(Kinds))
150       return errorCodeToError(
151           std::make_error_code(std::errc::executable_format_error));
152     Entry.Kind = Kinds[Kind];
153     Entry.AlwaysInstrument = Extractor.getU8(&OffsetPtr) != 0;
154 
155     // We do replicate the function id generation scheme implemented in the
156     // XRay runtime.
157     // FIXME: Figure out how to keep this consistent with the XRay runtime.
158     if (CurFn == 0) {
159       CurFn = Entry.Function;
160       FunctionAddresses[FuncId] = Entry.Function;
161       FunctionIds[Entry.Function] = FuncId;
162     }
163     if (Entry.Function != CurFn) {
164       ++FuncId;
165       CurFn = Entry.Function;
166       FunctionAddresses[FuncId] = Entry.Function;
167       FunctionIds[Entry.Function] = FuncId;
168     }
169   }
170   return Error::success();
171 }
172 
173 static Error
174 loadYAML(int Fd, size_t FileSize, StringRef Filename,
175          InstrumentationMap::SledContainer &Sleds,
176          InstrumentationMap::FunctionAddressMap &FunctionAddresses,
177          InstrumentationMap::FunctionAddressReverseMap &FunctionIds) {
178   std::error_code EC;
179   sys::fs::mapped_file_region MappedFile(
180       Fd, sys::fs::mapped_file_region::mapmode::readonly, FileSize, 0, EC);
181   if (EC)
182     return make_error<StringError>(
183         Twine("Failed memory-mapping file '") + Filename + "'.", EC);
184 
185   std::vector<YAMLXRaySledEntry> YAMLSleds;
186   yaml::Input In(StringRef(MappedFile.data(), MappedFile.size()));
187   In >> YAMLSleds;
188   if (In.error())
189     return make_error<StringError>(
190         Twine("Failed loading YAML document from '") + Filename + "'.",
191         In.error());
192 
193   Sleds.reserve(YAMLSleds.size());
194   for (const auto &Y : YAMLSleds) {
195     FunctionAddresses[Y.FuncId] = Y.Function;
196     FunctionIds[Y.Function] = Y.FuncId;
197     Sleds.push_back(
198         SledEntry{Y.Address, Y.Function, Y.Kind, Y.AlwaysInstrument});
199   }
200   return Error::success();
201 }
202 
203 // FIXME: Create error types that encapsulate a bit more information than what
204 // StringError instances contain.
205 Expected<InstrumentationMap>
206 llvm::xray::loadInstrumentationMap(StringRef Filename) {
207   // At this point we assume the file is an object file -- and if that doesn't
208   // work, we treat it as YAML.
209   // FIXME: Extend to support non-ELF and non-x86_64 binaries.
210 
211   InstrumentationMap Map;
212   auto ObjectFileOrError = object::ObjectFile::createObjectFile(Filename);
213   if (!ObjectFileOrError) {
214     auto E = ObjectFileOrError.takeError();
215     // We try to load it as YAML if the ELF load didn't work.
216     int Fd;
217     if (sys::fs::openFileForRead(Filename, Fd))
218       return std::move(E);
219 
220     uint64_t FileSize;
221     if (sys::fs::file_size(Filename, FileSize))
222       return std::move(E);
223 
224     // If the file is empty, we return the original error.
225     if (FileSize == 0)
226       return std::move(E);
227 
228     // From this point on the errors will be only for the YAML parts, so we
229     // consume the errors at this point.
230     consumeError(std::move(E));
231     if (auto E = loadYAML(Fd, FileSize, Filename, Map.Sleds,
232                           Map.FunctionAddresses, Map.FunctionIds))
233       return std::move(E);
234   } else if (auto E = loadObj(Filename, *ObjectFileOrError, Map.Sleds,
235                                 Map.FunctionAddresses, Map.FunctionIds)) {
236     return std::move(E);
237   }
238   return Map;
239 }
240