xref: /llvm-project/llvm/lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/SanitizerCoverage.cpp (revision a2759327fdc80ab51e6706e0e3a92d0c23a066ca)
1 //===-- SanitizerCoverage.cpp - coverage instrumentation for sanitizers ---===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // Coverage instrumentation done on LLVM IR level, works with Sanitizers.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 
14 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
15 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
16 #include "llvm/Analysis/EHPersonalities.h"
17 #include "llvm/Analysis/PostDominators.h"
18 #include "llvm/IR/CFG.h"
19 #include "llvm/IR/CallSite.h"
20 #include "llvm/IR/Constant.h"
21 #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
22 #include "llvm/IR/DebugInfo.h"
23 #include "llvm/IR/Dominators.h"
24 #include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
25 #include "llvm/IR/GlobalVariable.h"
26 #include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
27 #include "llvm/IR/InlineAsm.h"
28 #include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h"
29 #include "llvm/IR/Intrinsics.h"
30 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
31 #include "llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h"
32 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
33 #include "llvm/IR/Type.h"
34 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
35 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
36 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
37 #include "llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation.h"
38 #include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
39 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
40 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/ModuleUtils.h"
41 
42 using namespace llvm;
43 
44 #define DEBUG_TYPE "sancov"
45 
46 static const char *const SanCovTracePCIndirName =
47     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_indir";
48 static const char *const SanCovTracePCName = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc";
49 static const char *const SanCovTraceCmp1 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp1";
50 static const char *const SanCovTraceCmp2 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp2";
51 static const char *const SanCovTraceCmp4 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp4";
52 static const char *const SanCovTraceCmp8 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp8";
53 static const char *const SanCovTraceConstCmp1 =
54     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_const_cmp1";
55 static const char *const SanCovTraceConstCmp2 =
56     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_const_cmp2";
57 static const char *const SanCovTraceConstCmp4 =
58     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_const_cmp4";
59 static const char *const SanCovTraceConstCmp8 =
60     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_const_cmp8";
61 static const char *const SanCovTraceDiv4 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_div4";
62 static const char *const SanCovTraceDiv8 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_div8";
63 static const char *const SanCovTraceGep = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_gep";
64 static const char *const SanCovTraceSwitchName = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_switch";
65 static const char *const SanCovModuleCtorName = "sancov.module_ctor";
66 static const uint64_t SanCtorAndDtorPriority = 2;
67 
68 static const char *const SanCovTracePCGuardName =
69     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_guard";
70 static const char *const SanCovTracePCGuardInitName =
71     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_guard_init";
72 static const char *const SanCov8bitCountersInitName =
73     "__sanitizer_cov_8bit_counters_init";
74 static const char *const SanCovPCsInitName = "__sanitizer_cov_pcs_init";
75 
76 static const char *const SanCovGuardsSectionName = "sancov_guards";
77 static const char *const SanCovCountersSectionName = "sancov_cntrs";
78 static const char *const SanCovPCsSectionName = "sancov_pcs";
79 
80 static const char *const SanCovLowestStackName = "__sancov_lowest_stack";
81 
82 static cl::opt<int> ClCoverageLevel(
83     "sanitizer-coverage-level",
84     cl::desc("Sanitizer Coverage. 0: none, 1: entry block, 2: all blocks, "
85              "3: all blocks and critical edges"),
86     cl::Hidden, cl::init(0));
87 
88 static cl::opt<bool> ClTracePC("sanitizer-coverage-trace-pc",
89                                cl::desc("Experimental pc tracing"), cl::Hidden,
90                                cl::init(false));
91 
92 static cl::opt<bool> ClTracePCGuard("sanitizer-coverage-trace-pc-guard",
93                                     cl::desc("pc tracing with a guard"),
94                                     cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
95 
96 // If true, we create a global variable that contains PCs of all instrumented
97 // BBs, put this global into a named section, and pass this section's bounds
98 // to __sanitizer_cov_pcs_init.
99 // This way the coverage instrumentation does not need to acquire the PCs
100 // at run-time. Works with trace-pc-guard and inline-8bit-counters.
101 static cl::opt<bool> ClCreatePCTable("sanitizer-coverage-pc-table",
102                                      cl::desc("create a static PC table"),
103                                      cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
104 
105 static cl::opt<bool>
106     ClInline8bitCounters("sanitizer-coverage-inline-8bit-counters",
107                          cl::desc("increments 8-bit counter for every edge"),
108                          cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
109 
110 static cl::opt<bool>
111     ClCMPTracing("sanitizer-coverage-trace-compares",
112                  cl::desc("Tracing of CMP and similar instructions"),
113                  cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
114 
115 static cl::opt<bool> ClDIVTracing("sanitizer-coverage-trace-divs",
116                                   cl::desc("Tracing of DIV instructions"),
117                                   cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
118 
119 static cl::opt<bool> ClGEPTracing("sanitizer-coverage-trace-geps",
120                                   cl::desc("Tracing of GEP instructions"),
121                                   cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
122 
123 static cl::opt<bool>
124     ClPruneBlocks("sanitizer-coverage-prune-blocks",
125                   cl::desc("Reduce the number of instrumented blocks"),
126                   cl::Hidden, cl::init(true));
127 
128 static cl::opt<bool> ClStackDepth("sanitizer-coverage-stack-depth",
129                                   cl::desc("max stack depth tracing"),
130                                   cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
131 
132 namespace {
133 
134 SanitizerCoverageOptions getOptions(int LegacyCoverageLevel) {
135   SanitizerCoverageOptions Res;
136   switch (LegacyCoverageLevel) {
137   case 0:
138     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_None;
139     break;
140   case 1:
141     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Function;
142     break;
143   case 2:
144     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_BB;
145     break;
146   case 3:
147     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Edge;
148     break;
149   case 4:
150     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Edge;
151     Res.IndirectCalls = true;
152     break;
153   }
154   return Res;
155 }
156 
157 SanitizerCoverageOptions OverrideFromCL(SanitizerCoverageOptions Options) {
158   // Sets CoverageType and IndirectCalls.
159   SanitizerCoverageOptions CLOpts = getOptions(ClCoverageLevel);
160   Options.CoverageType = std::max(Options.CoverageType, CLOpts.CoverageType);
161   Options.IndirectCalls |= CLOpts.IndirectCalls;
162   Options.TraceCmp |= ClCMPTracing;
163   Options.TraceDiv |= ClDIVTracing;
164   Options.TraceGep |= ClGEPTracing;
165   Options.TracePC |= ClTracePC;
166   Options.TracePCGuard |= ClTracePCGuard;
167   Options.Inline8bitCounters |= ClInline8bitCounters;
168   Options.PCTable |= ClCreatePCTable;
169   Options.NoPrune |= !ClPruneBlocks;
170   Options.StackDepth |= ClStackDepth;
171   if (!Options.TracePCGuard && !Options.TracePC &&
172       !Options.Inline8bitCounters && !Options.StackDepth)
173     Options.TracePCGuard = true; // TracePCGuard is default.
174   return Options;
175 }
176 
177 class SanitizerCoverageModule : public ModulePass {
178 public:
179   SanitizerCoverageModule(
180       const SanitizerCoverageOptions &Options = SanitizerCoverageOptions())
181       : ModulePass(ID), Options(OverrideFromCL(Options)) {
182     initializeSanitizerCoverageModulePass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
183   }
184   bool runOnModule(Module &M) override;
185   bool runOnFunction(Function &F);
186   static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid
187   StringRef getPassName() const override { return "SanitizerCoverageModule"; }
188 
189   void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
190     AU.addRequired<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>();
191     AU.addRequired<PostDominatorTreeWrapperPass>();
192   }
193 
194 private:
195   void InjectCoverageForIndirectCalls(Function &F,
196                                       ArrayRef<Instruction *> IndirCalls);
197   void InjectTraceForCmp(Function &F, ArrayRef<Instruction *> CmpTraceTargets);
198   void InjectTraceForDiv(Function &F,
199                          ArrayRef<BinaryOperator *> DivTraceTargets);
200   void InjectTraceForGep(Function &F,
201                          ArrayRef<GetElementPtrInst *> GepTraceTargets);
202   void InjectTraceForSwitch(Function &F,
203                             ArrayRef<Instruction *> SwitchTraceTargets);
204   bool InjectCoverage(Function &F, ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> AllBlocks,
205                       bool IsLeafFunc = true);
206   GlobalVariable *CreateFunctionLocalArrayInSection(size_t NumElements,
207                                                     Function &F, Type *Ty,
208                                                     const char *Section);
209   GlobalVariable *CreatePCArray(Function &F, ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> AllBlocks);
210   void CreateFunctionLocalArrays(Function &F, ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> AllBlocks);
211   void InjectCoverageAtBlock(Function &F, BasicBlock &BB, size_t Idx,
212                              bool IsLeafFunc = true);
213   Function *CreateInitCallsForSections(Module &M, const char *InitFunctionName,
214                                        Type *Ty, const char *Section);
215   std::pair<GlobalVariable *, GlobalVariable *>
216   CreateSecStartEnd(Module &M, const char *Section, Type *Ty);
217 
218   void SetNoSanitizeMetadata(Instruction *I) {
219     I->setMetadata(I->getModule()->getMDKindID("nosanitize"),
220                    MDNode::get(*C, None));
221   }
222 
223   std::string getSectionName(const std::string &Section) const;
224   std::string getSectionStart(const std::string &Section) const;
225   std::string getSectionEnd(const std::string &Section) const;
226   Function *SanCovTracePCIndir;
227   Function *SanCovTracePC, *SanCovTracePCGuard;
228   Function *SanCovTraceCmpFunction[4];
229   Function *SanCovTraceConstCmpFunction[4];
230   Function *SanCovTraceDivFunction[2];
231   Function *SanCovTraceGepFunction;
232   Function *SanCovTraceSwitchFunction;
233   GlobalVariable *SanCovLowestStack;
234   InlineAsm *EmptyAsm;
235   Type *IntptrTy, *IntptrPtrTy, *Int64Ty, *Int64PtrTy, *Int32Ty, *Int32PtrTy,
236       *Int16Ty, *Int8Ty, *Int8PtrTy;
237   Module *CurModule;
238   Triple TargetTriple;
239   LLVMContext *C;
240   const DataLayout *DL;
241 
242   GlobalVariable *FunctionGuardArray;  // for trace-pc-guard.
243   GlobalVariable *Function8bitCounterArray;  // for inline-8bit-counters.
244   GlobalVariable *FunctionPCsArray;  // for pc-table.
245   SmallVector<GlobalValue *, 20> GlobalsToAppendToUsed;
246 
247   SanitizerCoverageOptions Options;
248 };
249 
250 } // namespace
251 
252 std::pair<GlobalVariable *, GlobalVariable *>
253 SanitizerCoverageModule::CreateSecStartEnd(Module &M, const char *Section,
254                                            Type *Ty) {
255   GlobalVariable *SecStart =
256       new GlobalVariable(M, Ty, false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, nullptr,
257                          getSectionStart(Section));
258   SecStart->setVisibility(GlobalValue::HiddenVisibility);
259   GlobalVariable *SecEnd =
260       new GlobalVariable(M, Ty, false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage,
261                          nullptr, getSectionEnd(Section));
262   SecEnd->setVisibility(GlobalValue::HiddenVisibility);
263 
264   return std::make_pair(SecStart, SecEnd);
265 }
266 
267 
268 Function *SanitizerCoverageModule::CreateInitCallsForSections(
269     Module &M, const char *InitFunctionName, Type *Ty,
270     const char *Section) {
271   IRBuilder<> IRB(M.getContext());
272   auto SecStartEnd = CreateSecStartEnd(M, Section, Ty);
273   auto SecStart = SecStartEnd.first;
274   auto SecEnd = SecStartEnd.second;
275   Function *CtorFunc;
276   std::tie(CtorFunc, std::ignore) = createSanitizerCtorAndInitFunctions(
277       M, SanCovModuleCtorName, InitFunctionName, {Ty, Ty},
278       {IRB.CreatePointerCast(SecStart, Ty), IRB.CreatePointerCast(SecEnd, Ty)});
279 
280   if (TargetTriple.supportsCOMDAT()) {
281     // Use comdat to dedup CtorFunc.
282     CtorFunc->setComdat(M.getOrInsertComdat(SanCovModuleCtorName));
283     appendToGlobalCtors(M, CtorFunc, SanCtorAndDtorPriority, CtorFunc);
284   } else {
285     appendToGlobalCtors(M, CtorFunc, SanCtorAndDtorPriority);
286   }
287   return CtorFunc;
288 }
289 
290 bool SanitizerCoverageModule::runOnModule(Module &M) {
291   if (Options.CoverageType == SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_None)
292     return false;
293   C = &(M.getContext());
294   DL = &M.getDataLayout();
295   CurModule = &M;
296   TargetTriple = Triple(M.getTargetTriple());
297   FunctionGuardArray = nullptr;
298   Function8bitCounterArray = nullptr;
299   FunctionPCsArray = nullptr;
300   IntptrTy = Type::getIntNTy(*C, DL->getPointerSizeInBits());
301   IntptrPtrTy = PointerType::getUnqual(IntptrTy);
302   Type *VoidTy = Type::getVoidTy(*C);
303   IRBuilder<> IRB(*C);
304   Int64PtrTy = PointerType::getUnqual(IRB.getInt64Ty());
305   Int32PtrTy = PointerType::getUnqual(IRB.getInt32Ty());
306   Int8PtrTy = PointerType::getUnqual(IRB.getInt8Ty());
307   Int64Ty = IRB.getInt64Ty();
308   Int32Ty = IRB.getInt32Ty();
309   Int16Ty = IRB.getInt16Ty();
310   Int8Ty = IRB.getInt8Ty();
311 
312   SanCovTracePCIndir = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
313       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovTracePCIndirName, VoidTy, IntptrTy));
314   SanCovTraceCmpFunction[0] =
315       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
316           SanCovTraceCmp1, VoidTy, IRB.getInt8Ty(), IRB.getInt8Ty()));
317   SanCovTraceCmpFunction[1] = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
318       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovTraceCmp2, VoidTy, IRB.getInt16Ty(),
319                             IRB.getInt16Ty()));
320   SanCovTraceCmpFunction[2] = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
321       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovTraceCmp4, VoidTy, IRB.getInt32Ty(),
322                             IRB.getInt32Ty()));
323   SanCovTraceCmpFunction[3] =
324       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
325           SanCovTraceCmp8, VoidTy, Int64Ty, Int64Ty));
326 
327   SanCovTraceConstCmpFunction[0] =
328       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
329           SanCovTraceConstCmp1, VoidTy, Int8Ty, Int8Ty));
330   SanCovTraceConstCmpFunction[1] =
331       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
332           SanCovTraceConstCmp2, VoidTy, Int16Ty, Int16Ty));
333   SanCovTraceConstCmpFunction[2] =
334       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
335           SanCovTraceConstCmp4, VoidTy, Int32Ty, Int32Ty));
336   SanCovTraceConstCmpFunction[3] =
337       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
338           SanCovTraceConstCmp8, VoidTy, Int64Ty, Int64Ty));
339 
340   SanCovTraceDivFunction[0] =
341       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
342           SanCovTraceDiv4, VoidTy, IRB.getInt32Ty()));
343   SanCovTraceDivFunction[1] =
344       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
345           SanCovTraceDiv8, VoidTy, Int64Ty));
346   SanCovTraceGepFunction =
347       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
348           SanCovTraceGep, VoidTy, IntptrTy));
349   SanCovTraceSwitchFunction =
350       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
351           SanCovTraceSwitchName, VoidTy, Int64Ty, Int64PtrTy));
352 
353   Constant *SanCovLowestStackConstant =
354       M.getOrInsertGlobal(SanCovLowestStackName, IntptrTy);
355   SanCovLowestStack = cast<GlobalVariable>(SanCovLowestStackConstant);
356   SanCovLowestStack->setThreadLocalMode(
357       GlobalValue::ThreadLocalMode::InitialExecTLSModel);
358   if (Options.StackDepth && !SanCovLowestStack->isDeclaration())
359     SanCovLowestStack->setInitializer(Constant::getAllOnesValue(IntptrTy));
360 
361   // Make sure smaller parameters are zero-extended to i64 as required by the
362   // x86_64 ABI.
363   if (TargetTriple.getArch() == Triple::x86_64) {
364     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
365       SanCovTraceCmpFunction[i]->addParamAttr(0, Attribute::ZExt);
366       SanCovTraceCmpFunction[i]->addParamAttr(1, Attribute::ZExt);
367       SanCovTraceConstCmpFunction[i]->addParamAttr(0, Attribute::ZExt);
368       SanCovTraceConstCmpFunction[i]->addParamAttr(1, Attribute::ZExt);
369     }
370     SanCovTraceDivFunction[0]->addParamAttr(0, Attribute::ZExt);
371   }
372 
373 
374   // We insert an empty inline asm after cov callbacks to avoid callback merge.
375   EmptyAsm = InlineAsm::get(FunctionType::get(IRB.getVoidTy(), false),
376                             StringRef(""), StringRef(""),
377                             /*hasSideEffects=*/true);
378 
379   SanCovTracePC = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
380       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovTracePCName, VoidTy));
381   SanCovTracePCGuard = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
382       SanCovTracePCGuardName, VoidTy, Int32PtrTy));
383 
384   for (auto &F : M)
385     runOnFunction(F);
386 
387   Function *Ctor = nullptr;
388 
389   if (FunctionGuardArray)
390     Ctor = CreateInitCallsForSections(M, SanCovTracePCGuardInitName, Int32PtrTy,
391                                       SanCovGuardsSectionName);
392   if (Function8bitCounterArray)
393     Ctor = CreateInitCallsForSections(M, SanCov8bitCountersInitName, Int8PtrTy,
394                                       SanCovCountersSectionName);
395   if (Ctor && Options.PCTable) {
396     auto SecStartEnd = CreateSecStartEnd(M, SanCovPCsSectionName, IntptrPtrTy);
397     Function *InitFunction = declareSanitizerInitFunction(
398         M, SanCovPCsInitName, {IntptrPtrTy, IntptrPtrTy});
399     IRBuilder<> IRBCtor(Ctor->getEntryBlock().getTerminator());
400     IRBCtor.CreateCall(InitFunction,
401                        {IRB.CreatePointerCast(SecStartEnd.first, IntptrPtrTy),
402                         IRB.CreatePointerCast(SecStartEnd.second, IntptrPtrTy)});
403   }
404   // We don't reference these arrays directly in any of our runtime functions,
405   // so we need to prevent them from being dead stripped.
406   if (TargetTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO())
407     appendToUsed(M, GlobalsToAppendToUsed);
408   return true;
409 }
410 
411 // True if block has successors and it dominates all of them.
412 static bool isFullDominator(const BasicBlock *BB, const DominatorTree *DT) {
413   if (succ_begin(BB) == succ_end(BB))
414     return false;
415 
416   for (const BasicBlock *SUCC : make_range(succ_begin(BB), succ_end(BB))) {
417     if (!DT->dominates(BB, SUCC))
418       return false;
419   }
420 
421   return true;
422 }
423 
424 // True if block has predecessors and it postdominates all of them.
425 static bool isFullPostDominator(const BasicBlock *BB,
426                                 const PostDominatorTree *PDT) {
427   if (pred_begin(BB) == pred_end(BB))
428     return false;
429 
430   for (const BasicBlock *PRED : make_range(pred_begin(BB), pred_end(BB))) {
431     if (!PDT->dominates(BB, PRED))
432       return false;
433   }
434 
435   return true;
436 }
437 
438 static bool shouldInstrumentBlock(const Function &F, const BasicBlock *BB,
439                                   const DominatorTree *DT,
440                                   const PostDominatorTree *PDT,
441                                   const SanitizerCoverageOptions &Options) {
442   // Don't insert coverage for unreachable blocks: we will never call
443   // __sanitizer_cov() for them, so counting them in
444   // NumberOfInstrumentedBlocks() might complicate calculation of code coverage
445   // percentage. Also, unreachable instructions frequently have no debug
446   // locations.
447   if (isa<UnreachableInst>(BB->getTerminator()))
448     return false;
449 
450   // Don't insert coverage into blocks without a valid insertion point
451   // (catchswitch blocks).
452   if (BB->getFirstInsertionPt() == BB->end())
453     return false;
454 
455   if (Options.NoPrune || &F.getEntryBlock() == BB)
456     return true;
457 
458   if (Options.CoverageType == SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Function &&
459       &F.getEntryBlock() != BB)
460     return false;
461 
462   // Do not instrument full dominators, or full post-dominators with multiple
463   // predecessors.
464   return !isFullDominator(BB, DT)
465     && !(isFullPostDominator(BB, PDT) && !BB->getSinglePredecessor());
466 }
467 
468 bool SanitizerCoverageModule::runOnFunction(Function &F) {
469   if (F.empty())
470     return false;
471   if (F.getName().find(".module_ctor") != std::string::npos)
472     return false; // Should not instrument sanitizer init functions.
473   if (F.getName().startswith("__sanitizer_"))
474     return false;  // Don't instrument __sanitizer_* callbacks.
475   // Don't touch available_externally functions, their actual body is elewhere.
476   if (F.getLinkage() == GlobalValue::AvailableExternallyLinkage)
477     return false;
478   // Don't instrument MSVC CRT configuration helpers. They may run before normal
479   // initialization.
480   if (F.getName() == "__local_stdio_printf_options" ||
481       F.getName() == "__local_stdio_scanf_options")
482     return false;
483   if (isa<UnreachableInst>(F.getEntryBlock().getTerminator()))
484     return false;
485   // Don't instrument functions using SEH for now. Splitting basic blocks like
486   // we do for coverage breaks WinEHPrepare.
487   // FIXME: Remove this when SEH no longer uses landingpad pattern matching.
488   if (F.hasPersonalityFn() &&
489       isAsynchronousEHPersonality(classifyEHPersonality(F.getPersonalityFn())))
490     return false;
491   if (Options.CoverageType >= SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Edge)
492     SplitAllCriticalEdges(F);
493   SmallVector<Instruction *, 8> IndirCalls;
494   SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 16> BlocksToInstrument;
495   SmallVector<Instruction *, 8> CmpTraceTargets;
496   SmallVector<Instruction *, 8> SwitchTraceTargets;
497   SmallVector<BinaryOperator *, 8> DivTraceTargets;
498   SmallVector<GetElementPtrInst *, 8> GepTraceTargets;
499 
500   const DominatorTree *DT =
501       &getAnalysis<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>(F).getDomTree();
502   const PostDominatorTree *PDT =
503       &getAnalysis<PostDominatorTreeWrapperPass>(F).getPostDomTree();
504   bool IsLeafFunc = true;
505 
506   for (auto &BB : F) {
507     if (shouldInstrumentBlock(F, &BB, DT, PDT, Options))
508       BlocksToInstrument.push_back(&BB);
509     for (auto &Inst : BB) {
510       if (Options.IndirectCalls) {
511         CallSite CS(&Inst);
512         if (CS && !CS.getCalledFunction())
513           IndirCalls.push_back(&Inst);
514       }
515       if (Options.TraceCmp) {
516         if (isa<ICmpInst>(&Inst))
517           CmpTraceTargets.push_back(&Inst);
518         if (isa<SwitchInst>(&Inst))
519           SwitchTraceTargets.push_back(&Inst);
520       }
521       if (Options.TraceDiv)
522         if (BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(&Inst))
523           if (BO->getOpcode() == Instruction::SDiv ||
524               BO->getOpcode() == Instruction::UDiv)
525             DivTraceTargets.push_back(BO);
526       if (Options.TraceGep)
527         if (GetElementPtrInst *GEP = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(&Inst))
528           GepTraceTargets.push_back(GEP);
529       if (Options.StackDepth)
530         if (isa<InvokeInst>(Inst) ||
531             (isa<CallInst>(Inst) && !isa<IntrinsicInst>(Inst)))
532           IsLeafFunc = false;
533     }
534   }
535 
536   InjectCoverage(F, BlocksToInstrument, IsLeafFunc);
537   InjectCoverageForIndirectCalls(F, IndirCalls);
538   InjectTraceForCmp(F, CmpTraceTargets);
539   InjectTraceForSwitch(F, SwitchTraceTargets);
540   InjectTraceForDiv(F, DivTraceTargets);
541   InjectTraceForGep(F, GepTraceTargets);
542   return true;
543 }
544 
545 GlobalVariable *SanitizerCoverageModule::CreateFunctionLocalArrayInSection(
546     size_t NumElements, Function &F, Type *Ty, const char *Section) {
547   ArrayType *ArrayTy = ArrayType::get(Ty, NumElements);
548   auto Array = new GlobalVariable(
549       *CurModule, ArrayTy, false, GlobalVariable::PrivateLinkage,
550       Constant::getNullValue(ArrayTy), "__sancov_gen_");
551   if (auto Comdat = F.getComdat())
552     Array->setComdat(Comdat);
553   Array->setSection(getSectionName(Section));
554   Array->setAlignment(Ty->isPointerTy() ? DL->getPointerSize()
555                                         : Ty->getPrimitiveSizeInBits() / 8);
556   return Array;
557 }
558 
559 GlobalVariable *
560 SanitizerCoverageModule::CreatePCArray(Function &F,
561                                        ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> AllBlocks) {
562   size_t N = AllBlocks.size();
563   assert(N);
564   SmallVector<Constant *, 32> PCs;
565   IRBuilder<> IRB(&*F.getEntryBlock().getFirstInsertionPt());
566   for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
567     if (&F.getEntryBlock() == AllBlocks[i]) {
568       PCs.push_back((Constant *)IRB.CreatePointerCast(&F, IntptrPtrTy));
569       PCs.push_back((Constant *)IRB.CreateIntToPtr(
570           ConstantInt::get(IntptrTy, 1), IntptrPtrTy));
571     } else {
572       PCs.push_back((Constant *)IRB.CreatePointerCast(
573           BlockAddress::get(AllBlocks[i]), IntptrPtrTy));
574       PCs.push_back((Constant *)IRB.CreateIntToPtr(
575           ConstantInt::get(IntptrTy, 0), IntptrPtrTy));
576     }
577   }
578   auto *PCArray = CreateFunctionLocalArrayInSection(N * 2, F, IntptrPtrTy,
579                                                     SanCovPCsSectionName);
580   PCArray->setInitializer(
581       ConstantArray::get(ArrayType::get(IntptrPtrTy, N * 2), PCs));
582   PCArray->setConstant(true);
583 
584   return PCArray;
585 }
586 
587 void SanitizerCoverageModule::CreateFunctionLocalArrays(
588     Function &F, ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> AllBlocks) {
589   if (Options.TracePCGuard) {
590     FunctionGuardArray = CreateFunctionLocalArrayInSection(
591         AllBlocks.size(), F, Int32Ty, SanCovGuardsSectionName);
592     GlobalsToAppendToUsed.push_back(FunctionGuardArray);
593   }
594   if (Options.Inline8bitCounters) {
595     Function8bitCounterArray = CreateFunctionLocalArrayInSection(
596         AllBlocks.size(), F, Int8Ty, SanCovCountersSectionName);
597     GlobalsToAppendToUsed.push_back(Function8bitCounterArray);
598   }
599   if (Options.PCTable) {
600     FunctionPCsArray = CreatePCArray(F, AllBlocks);
601     GlobalsToAppendToUsed.push_back(FunctionPCsArray);
602   }
603 }
604 
605 bool SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectCoverage(Function &F,
606                                              ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> AllBlocks,
607                                              bool IsLeafFunc) {
608   if (AllBlocks.empty()) return false;
609   CreateFunctionLocalArrays(F, AllBlocks);
610   for (size_t i = 0, N = AllBlocks.size(); i < N; i++)
611     InjectCoverageAtBlock(F, *AllBlocks[i], i, IsLeafFunc);
612   return true;
613 }
614 
615 // On every indirect call we call a run-time function
616 // __sanitizer_cov_indir_call* with two parameters:
617 //   - callee address,
618 //   - global cache array that contains CacheSize pointers (zero-initialized).
619 //     The cache is used to speed up recording the caller-callee pairs.
620 // The address of the caller is passed implicitly via caller PC.
621 // CacheSize is encoded in the name of the run-time function.
622 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectCoverageForIndirectCalls(
623     Function &F, ArrayRef<Instruction *> IndirCalls) {
624   if (IndirCalls.empty())
625     return;
626   assert(Options.TracePC || Options.TracePCGuard || Options.Inline8bitCounters);
627   for (auto I : IndirCalls) {
628     IRBuilder<> IRB(I);
629     CallSite CS(I);
630     Value *Callee = CS.getCalledValue();
631     if (isa<InlineAsm>(Callee))
632       continue;
633     IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTracePCIndir, IRB.CreatePointerCast(Callee, IntptrTy));
634   }
635 }
636 
637 // For every switch statement we insert a call:
638 // __sanitizer_cov_trace_switch(CondValue,
639 //      {NumCases, ValueSizeInBits, Case0Value, Case1Value, Case2Value, ... })
640 
641 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectTraceForSwitch(
642     Function &, ArrayRef<Instruction *> SwitchTraceTargets) {
643   for (auto I : SwitchTraceTargets) {
644     if (SwitchInst *SI = dyn_cast<SwitchInst>(I)) {
645       IRBuilder<> IRB(I);
646       SmallVector<Constant *, 16> Initializers;
647       Value *Cond = SI->getCondition();
648       if (Cond->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits() >
649           Int64Ty->getScalarSizeInBits())
650         continue;
651       Initializers.push_back(ConstantInt::get(Int64Ty, SI->getNumCases()));
652       Initializers.push_back(
653           ConstantInt::get(Int64Ty, Cond->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits()));
654       if (Cond->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits() <
655           Int64Ty->getScalarSizeInBits())
656         Cond = IRB.CreateIntCast(Cond, Int64Ty, false);
657       for (auto It : SI->cases()) {
658         Constant *C = It.getCaseValue();
659         if (C->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits() <
660             Int64Ty->getScalarSizeInBits())
661           C = ConstantExpr::getCast(CastInst::ZExt, It.getCaseValue(), Int64Ty);
662         Initializers.push_back(C);
663       }
664       llvm::sort(Initializers.begin() + 2, Initializers.end(),
665                  [](const Constant *A, const Constant *B) {
666                    return cast<ConstantInt>(A)->getLimitedValue() <
667                           cast<ConstantInt>(B)->getLimitedValue();
668                  });
669       ArrayType *ArrayOfInt64Ty = ArrayType::get(Int64Ty, Initializers.size());
670       GlobalVariable *GV = new GlobalVariable(
671           *CurModule, ArrayOfInt64Ty, false, GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage,
672           ConstantArray::get(ArrayOfInt64Ty, Initializers),
673           "__sancov_gen_cov_switch_values");
674       IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTraceSwitchFunction,
675                      {Cond, IRB.CreatePointerCast(GV, Int64PtrTy)});
676     }
677   }
678 }
679 
680 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectTraceForDiv(
681     Function &, ArrayRef<BinaryOperator *> DivTraceTargets) {
682   for (auto BO : DivTraceTargets) {
683     IRBuilder<> IRB(BO);
684     Value *A1 = BO->getOperand(1);
685     if (isa<ConstantInt>(A1)) continue;
686     if (!A1->getType()->isIntegerTy())
687       continue;
688     uint64_t TypeSize = DL->getTypeStoreSizeInBits(A1->getType());
689     int CallbackIdx = TypeSize == 32 ? 0 :
690         TypeSize == 64 ? 1 : -1;
691     if (CallbackIdx < 0) continue;
692     auto Ty = Type::getIntNTy(*C, TypeSize);
693     IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTraceDivFunction[CallbackIdx],
694                    {IRB.CreateIntCast(A1, Ty, true)});
695   }
696 }
697 
698 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectTraceForGep(
699     Function &, ArrayRef<GetElementPtrInst *> GepTraceTargets) {
700   for (auto GEP : GepTraceTargets) {
701     IRBuilder<> IRB(GEP);
702     for (auto I = GEP->idx_begin(); I != GEP->idx_end(); ++I)
703       if (!isa<ConstantInt>(*I) && (*I)->getType()->isIntegerTy())
704         IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTraceGepFunction,
705                        {IRB.CreateIntCast(*I, IntptrTy, true)});
706   }
707 }
708 
709 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectTraceForCmp(
710     Function &, ArrayRef<Instruction *> CmpTraceTargets) {
711   for (auto I : CmpTraceTargets) {
712     if (ICmpInst *ICMP = dyn_cast<ICmpInst>(I)) {
713       IRBuilder<> IRB(ICMP);
714       Value *A0 = ICMP->getOperand(0);
715       Value *A1 = ICMP->getOperand(1);
716       if (!A0->getType()->isIntegerTy())
717         continue;
718       uint64_t TypeSize = DL->getTypeStoreSizeInBits(A0->getType());
719       int CallbackIdx = TypeSize == 8 ? 0 :
720                         TypeSize == 16 ? 1 :
721                         TypeSize == 32 ? 2 :
722                         TypeSize == 64 ? 3 : -1;
723       if (CallbackIdx < 0) continue;
724       // __sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp((type_size << 32) | predicate, A0, A1);
725       auto CallbackFunc = SanCovTraceCmpFunction[CallbackIdx];
726       bool FirstIsConst = isa<ConstantInt>(A0);
727       bool SecondIsConst = isa<ConstantInt>(A1);
728       // If both are const, then we don't need such a comparison.
729       if (FirstIsConst && SecondIsConst) continue;
730       // If only one is const, then make it the first callback argument.
731       if (FirstIsConst || SecondIsConst) {
732         CallbackFunc = SanCovTraceConstCmpFunction[CallbackIdx];
733         if (SecondIsConst)
734           std::swap(A0, A1);
735       }
736 
737       auto Ty = Type::getIntNTy(*C, TypeSize);
738       IRB.CreateCall(CallbackFunc, {IRB.CreateIntCast(A0, Ty, true),
739               IRB.CreateIntCast(A1, Ty, true)});
740     }
741   }
742 }
743 
744 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectCoverageAtBlock(Function &F, BasicBlock &BB,
745                                                     size_t Idx,
746                                                     bool IsLeafFunc) {
747   BasicBlock::iterator IP = BB.getFirstInsertionPt();
748   bool IsEntryBB = &BB == &F.getEntryBlock();
749   DebugLoc EntryLoc;
750   if (IsEntryBB) {
751     if (auto SP = F.getSubprogram())
752       EntryLoc = DebugLoc::get(SP->getScopeLine(), 0, SP);
753     // Keep static allocas and llvm.localescape calls in the entry block.  Even
754     // if we aren't splitting the block, it's nice for allocas to be before
755     // calls.
756     IP = PrepareToSplitEntryBlock(BB, IP);
757   } else {
758     EntryLoc = IP->getDebugLoc();
759   }
760 
761   IRBuilder<> IRB(&*IP);
762   IRB.SetCurrentDebugLocation(EntryLoc);
763   if (Options.TracePC) {
764     IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTracePC); // gets the PC using GET_CALLER_PC.
765     IRB.CreateCall(EmptyAsm, {}); // Avoids callback merge.
766   }
767   if (Options.TracePCGuard) {
768     auto GuardPtr = IRB.CreateIntToPtr(
769         IRB.CreateAdd(IRB.CreatePointerCast(FunctionGuardArray, IntptrTy),
770                       ConstantInt::get(IntptrTy, Idx * 4)),
771         Int32PtrTy);
772     IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTracePCGuard, GuardPtr);
773     IRB.CreateCall(EmptyAsm, {}); // Avoids callback merge.
774   }
775   if (Options.Inline8bitCounters) {
776     auto CounterPtr = IRB.CreateGEP(
777         Function8bitCounterArray,
778         {ConstantInt::get(IntptrTy, 0), ConstantInt::get(IntptrTy, Idx)});
779     auto Load = IRB.CreateLoad(CounterPtr);
780     auto Inc = IRB.CreateAdd(Load, ConstantInt::get(Int8Ty, 1));
781     auto Store = IRB.CreateStore(Inc, CounterPtr);
782     SetNoSanitizeMetadata(Load);
783     SetNoSanitizeMetadata(Store);
784   }
785   if (Options.StackDepth && IsEntryBB && !IsLeafFunc) {
786     // Check stack depth.  If it's the deepest so far, record it.
787     Function *GetFrameAddr =
788         Intrinsic::getDeclaration(F.getParent(), Intrinsic::frameaddress);
789     auto FrameAddrPtr =
790         IRB.CreateCall(GetFrameAddr, {Constant::getNullValue(Int32Ty)});
791     auto FrameAddrInt = IRB.CreatePtrToInt(FrameAddrPtr, IntptrTy);
792     auto LowestStack = IRB.CreateLoad(SanCovLowestStack);
793     auto IsStackLower = IRB.CreateICmpULT(FrameAddrInt, LowestStack);
794     auto ThenTerm = SplitBlockAndInsertIfThen(IsStackLower, &*IP, false);
795     IRBuilder<> ThenIRB(ThenTerm);
796     auto Store = ThenIRB.CreateStore(FrameAddrInt, SanCovLowestStack);
797     SetNoSanitizeMetadata(LowestStack);
798     SetNoSanitizeMetadata(Store);
799   }
800 }
801 
802 std::string
803 SanitizerCoverageModule::getSectionName(const std::string &Section) const {
804   if (TargetTriple.getObjectFormat() == Triple::COFF)
805     return ".SCOV$M";
806   if (TargetTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO())
807     return "__DATA,__" + Section;
808   return "__" + Section;
809 }
810 
811 std::string
812 SanitizerCoverageModule::getSectionStart(const std::string &Section) const {
813   if (TargetTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO())
814     return "\1section$start$__DATA$__" + Section;
815   return "__start___" + Section;
816 }
817 
818 std::string
819 SanitizerCoverageModule::getSectionEnd(const std::string &Section) const {
820   if (TargetTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO())
821     return "\1section$end$__DATA$__" + Section;
822   return "__stop___" + Section;
823 }
824 
825 
826 char SanitizerCoverageModule::ID = 0;
827 INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(SanitizerCoverageModule, "sancov",
828                       "SanitizerCoverage: TODO."
829                       "ModulePass",
830                       false, false)
831 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(DominatorTreeWrapperPass)
832 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(PostDominatorTreeWrapperPass)
833 INITIALIZE_PASS_END(SanitizerCoverageModule, "sancov",
834                     "SanitizerCoverage: TODO."
835                     "ModulePass",
836                     false, false)
837 ModulePass *llvm::createSanitizerCoverageModulePass(
838     const SanitizerCoverageOptions &Options) {
839   return new SanitizerCoverageModule(Options);
840 }
841