xref: /llvm-project/llvm/lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/SanitizerCoverage.cpp (revision 7c9b086ef5de3d2ccb76e1b647b4104d9defbadb)
1 //===-- SanitizerCoverage.cpp - coverage instrumentation for sanitizers ---===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // Coverage instrumentation that works with AddressSanitizer
11 // and potentially with other Sanitizers.
12 //
13 // We create a Guard variable with the same linkage
14 // as the function and inject this code into the entry block (SCK_Function)
15 // or all blocks (SCK_BB):
16 // if (Guard < 0) {
17 //    __sanitizer_cov(&Guard);
18 // }
19 // The accesses to Guard are atomic. The rest of the logic is
20 // in __sanitizer_cov (it's fine to call it more than once).
21 //
22 // With SCK_Edge we also split critical edges this effectively
23 // instrumenting all edges.
24 //
25 // This coverage implementation provides very limited data:
26 // it only tells if a given function (block) was ever executed. No counters.
27 // But for many use cases this is what we need and the added slowdown small.
28 //
29 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
30 
31 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
32 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
33 #include "llvm/Analysis/EHPersonalities.h"
34 #include "llvm/Analysis/PostDominators.h"
35 #include "llvm/IR/CFG.h"
36 #include "llvm/IR/CallSite.h"
37 #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
38 #include "llvm/IR/DebugInfo.h"
39 #include "llvm/IR/Dominators.h"
40 #include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
41 #include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
42 #include "llvm/IR/InlineAsm.h"
43 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
44 #include "llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h"
45 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
46 #include "llvm/IR/Type.h"
47 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
48 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
49 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
50 #include "llvm/Transforms/Instrumentation.h"
51 #include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
52 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
53 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/ModuleUtils.h"
54 
55 using namespace llvm;
56 
57 #define DEBUG_TYPE "sancov"
58 
59 static const char *const SanCovModuleInitName = "__sanitizer_cov_module_init";
60 static const char *const SanCovName = "__sanitizer_cov";
61 static const char *const SanCovWithCheckName = "__sanitizer_cov_with_check";
62 static const char *const SanCovIndirCallName = "__sanitizer_cov_indir_call16";
63 static const char *const SanCovTracePCIndirName =
64     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_indir";
65 static const char *const SanCovTracePCName = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc";
66 static const char *const SanCovTraceCmp1 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp1";
67 static const char *const SanCovTraceCmp2 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp2";
68 static const char *const SanCovTraceCmp4 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp4";
69 static const char *const SanCovTraceCmp8 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp8";
70 static const char *const SanCovTraceDiv4 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_div4";
71 static const char *const SanCovTraceDiv8 = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_div8";
72 static const char *const SanCovTraceGep = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_gep";
73 static const char *const SanCovTraceSwitchName = "__sanitizer_cov_trace_switch";
74 static const char *const SanCovModuleCtorName = "sancov.module_ctor";
75 static const uint64_t SanCtorAndDtorPriority = 2;
76 
77 static const char *const SanCovTracePCGuardName =
78     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_guard";
79 static const char *const SanCovTracePCGuardInitName =
80     "__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc_guard_init";
81 
82 static cl::opt<int> ClCoverageLevel(
83     "sanitizer-coverage-level",
84     cl::desc("Sanitizer Coverage. 0: none, 1: entry block, 2: all blocks, "
85              "3: all blocks and critical edges, "
86              "4: above plus indirect calls"),
87     cl::Hidden, cl::init(0));
88 
89 static cl::opt<unsigned> ClCoverageBlockThreshold(
90     "sanitizer-coverage-block-threshold",
91     cl::desc("Use a callback with a guard check inside it if there are"
92              " more than this number of blocks."),
93     cl::Hidden, cl::init(0));
94 
95 static cl::opt<bool> ClExperimentalTracePC("sanitizer-coverage-trace-pc",
96                                            cl::desc("Experimental pc tracing"),
97                                            cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
98 
99 static cl::opt<bool> ClTracePCGuard("sanitizer-coverage-trace-pc-guard",
100                                     cl::desc("pc tracing with a guard"),
101                                     cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
102 
103 static cl::opt<bool>
104     ClCMPTracing("sanitizer-coverage-trace-compares",
105                  cl::desc("Tracing of CMP and similar instructions"),
106                  cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
107 
108 static cl::opt<bool> ClDIVTracing("sanitizer-coverage-trace-divs",
109                                   cl::desc("Tracing of DIV instructions"),
110                                   cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
111 
112 static cl::opt<bool> ClGEPTracing("sanitizer-coverage-trace-geps",
113                                   cl::desc("Tracing of GEP instructions"),
114                                   cl::Hidden, cl::init(false));
115 
116 static cl::opt<bool>
117     ClPruneBlocks("sanitizer-coverage-prune-blocks",
118                   cl::desc("Reduce the number of instrumented blocks"),
119                   cl::Hidden, cl::init(true));
120 
121 namespace {
122 
123 SanitizerCoverageOptions getOptions(int LegacyCoverageLevel) {
124   SanitizerCoverageOptions Res;
125   switch (LegacyCoverageLevel) {
126   case 0:
127     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_None;
128     break;
129   case 1:
130     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Function;
131     break;
132   case 2:
133     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_BB;
134     break;
135   case 3:
136     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Edge;
137     break;
138   case 4:
139     Res.CoverageType = SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Edge;
140     Res.IndirectCalls = true;
141     break;
142   }
143   return Res;
144 }
145 
146 SanitizerCoverageOptions OverrideFromCL(SanitizerCoverageOptions Options) {
147   // Sets CoverageType and IndirectCalls.
148   SanitizerCoverageOptions CLOpts = getOptions(ClCoverageLevel);
149   Options.CoverageType = std::max(Options.CoverageType, CLOpts.CoverageType);
150   Options.IndirectCalls |= CLOpts.IndirectCalls;
151   Options.TraceCmp |= ClCMPTracing;
152   Options.TraceDiv |= ClDIVTracing;
153   Options.TraceGep |= ClGEPTracing;
154   Options.TracePC |= ClExperimentalTracePC;
155   Options.TracePCGuard |= ClTracePCGuard;
156   return Options;
157 }
158 
159 class SanitizerCoverageModule : public ModulePass {
160 public:
161   SanitizerCoverageModule(
162       const SanitizerCoverageOptions &Options = SanitizerCoverageOptions())
163       : ModulePass(ID), Options(OverrideFromCL(Options)) {
164     initializeSanitizerCoverageModulePass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
165   }
166   bool runOnModule(Module &M) override;
167   bool runOnFunction(Function &F);
168   static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid
169   StringRef getPassName() const override { return "SanitizerCoverageModule"; }
170 
171   void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
172     AU.addRequired<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>();
173     AU.addRequired<PostDominatorTreeWrapperPass>();
174   }
175 
176 private:
177   void InjectCoverageForIndirectCalls(Function &F,
178                                       ArrayRef<Instruction *> IndirCalls);
179   void InjectTraceForCmp(Function &F, ArrayRef<Instruction *> CmpTraceTargets);
180   void InjectTraceForDiv(Function &F,
181                          ArrayRef<BinaryOperator *> DivTraceTargets);
182   void InjectTraceForGep(Function &F,
183                          ArrayRef<GetElementPtrInst *> GepTraceTargets);
184   void InjectTraceForSwitch(Function &F,
185                             ArrayRef<Instruction *> SwitchTraceTargets);
186   bool InjectCoverage(Function &F, ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> AllBlocks);
187   void CreateFunctionGuardArray(size_t NumGuards, Function &F);
188   void SetNoSanitizeMetadata(Instruction *I);
189   void InjectCoverageAtBlock(Function &F, BasicBlock &BB, size_t Idx,
190                              bool UseCalls);
191   unsigned NumberOfInstrumentedBlocks() {
192     return SanCovFunction->getNumUses() +
193            SanCovWithCheckFunction->getNumUses();
194   }
195   StringRef getSanCovTracePCGuardSection() const;
196   StringRef getSanCovTracePCGuardSectionStart() const;
197   StringRef getSanCovTracePCGuardSectionEnd() const;
198   Function *SanCovFunction;
199   Function *SanCovWithCheckFunction;
200   Function *SanCovIndirCallFunction, *SanCovTracePCIndir;
201   Function *SanCovTracePC, *SanCovTracePCGuard;
202   Function *SanCovTraceCmpFunction[4];
203   Function *SanCovTraceDivFunction[2];
204   Function *SanCovTraceGepFunction;
205   Function *SanCovTraceSwitchFunction;
206   InlineAsm *EmptyAsm;
207   Type *IntptrTy, *IntptrPtrTy, *Int64Ty, *Int64PtrTy, *Int32Ty, *Int32PtrTy;
208   Module *CurModule;
209   Triple TargetTriple;
210   LLVMContext *C;
211   const DataLayout *DL;
212 
213   GlobalVariable *GuardArray;
214   GlobalVariable *FunctionGuardArray;  // for trace-pc-guard.
215   bool HasSancovGuardsSection;
216 
217   SanitizerCoverageOptions Options;
218 };
219 
220 } // namespace
221 
222 bool SanitizerCoverageModule::runOnModule(Module &M) {
223   if (Options.CoverageType == SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_None)
224     return false;
225   C = &(M.getContext());
226   DL = &M.getDataLayout();
227   CurModule = &M;
228   TargetTriple = Triple(M.getTargetTriple());
229   HasSancovGuardsSection = false;
230   IntptrTy = Type::getIntNTy(*C, DL->getPointerSizeInBits());
231   IntptrPtrTy = PointerType::getUnqual(IntptrTy);
232   Type *VoidTy = Type::getVoidTy(*C);
233   IRBuilder<> IRB(*C);
234   Type *Int8PtrTy = PointerType::getUnqual(IRB.getInt8Ty());
235   Int64PtrTy = PointerType::getUnqual(IRB.getInt64Ty());
236   Int32PtrTy = PointerType::getUnqual(IRB.getInt32Ty());
237   Int64Ty = IRB.getInt64Ty();
238   Int32Ty = IRB.getInt32Ty();
239 
240   SanCovFunction = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
241       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovName, VoidTy, Int32PtrTy));
242   SanCovWithCheckFunction = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
243       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovWithCheckName, VoidTy, Int32PtrTy));
244   SanCovTracePCIndir = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
245       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovTracePCIndirName, VoidTy, IntptrTy));
246   SanCovIndirCallFunction =
247       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
248           SanCovIndirCallName, VoidTy, IntptrTy, IntptrTy));
249   SanCovTraceCmpFunction[0] =
250       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
251           SanCovTraceCmp1, VoidTy, IRB.getInt8Ty(), IRB.getInt8Ty()));
252   SanCovTraceCmpFunction[1] = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
253       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovTraceCmp2, VoidTy, IRB.getInt16Ty(),
254                             IRB.getInt16Ty()));
255   SanCovTraceCmpFunction[2] = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
256       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovTraceCmp4, VoidTy, IRB.getInt32Ty(),
257                             IRB.getInt32Ty()));
258   SanCovTraceCmpFunction[3] =
259       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
260           SanCovTraceCmp8, VoidTy, Int64Ty, Int64Ty));
261 
262   SanCovTraceDivFunction[0] =
263       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
264           SanCovTraceDiv4, VoidTy, IRB.getInt32Ty()));
265   SanCovTraceDivFunction[1] =
266       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
267           SanCovTraceDiv8, VoidTy, Int64Ty));
268   SanCovTraceGepFunction =
269       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
270           SanCovTraceGep, VoidTy, IntptrTy));
271   SanCovTraceSwitchFunction =
272       checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
273           SanCovTraceSwitchName, VoidTy, Int64Ty, Int64PtrTy));
274 
275   // We insert an empty inline asm after cov callbacks to avoid callback merge.
276   EmptyAsm = InlineAsm::get(FunctionType::get(IRB.getVoidTy(), false),
277                             StringRef(""), StringRef(""),
278                             /*hasSideEffects=*/true);
279 
280   SanCovTracePC = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(
281       M.getOrInsertFunction(SanCovTracePCName, VoidTy));
282   SanCovTracePCGuard = checkSanitizerInterfaceFunction(M.getOrInsertFunction(
283       SanCovTracePCGuardName, VoidTy, Int32PtrTy));
284 
285   // At this point we create a dummy array of guards because we don't
286   // know how many elements we will need.
287   Type *Int32Ty = IRB.getInt32Ty();
288 
289   if (!Options.TracePCGuard)
290     GuardArray =
291         new GlobalVariable(M, Int32Ty, false, GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
292                            nullptr, "__sancov_gen_cov_tmp");
293 
294   for (auto &F : M)
295     runOnFunction(F);
296 
297   auto N = NumberOfInstrumentedBlocks();
298 
299   GlobalVariable *RealGuardArray = nullptr;
300   if (!Options.TracePCGuard) {
301     // Now we know how many elements we need. Create an array of guards
302     // with one extra element at the beginning for the size.
303     Type *Int32ArrayNTy = ArrayType::get(Int32Ty, N + 1);
304     RealGuardArray = new GlobalVariable(
305         M, Int32ArrayNTy, false, GlobalValue::PrivateLinkage,
306         Constant::getNullValue(Int32ArrayNTy), "__sancov_gen_cov");
307 
308     // Replace the dummy array with the real one.
309     GuardArray->replaceAllUsesWith(
310         IRB.CreatePointerCast(RealGuardArray, Int32PtrTy));
311     GuardArray->eraseFromParent();
312   }
313 
314   // Create variable for module (compilation unit) name
315   Constant *ModNameStrConst =
316       ConstantDataArray::getString(M.getContext(), M.getName(), true);
317   GlobalVariable *ModuleName = new GlobalVariable(
318       M, ModNameStrConst->getType(), true, GlobalValue::PrivateLinkage,
319       ModNameStrConst, "__sancov_gen_modname");
320   if (Options.TracePCGuard) {
321     if (HasSancovGuardsSection) {
322       Function *CtorFunc;
323       GlobalVariable *SecStart = new GlobalVariable(
324           M, Int32PtrTy, false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, nullptr,
325           getSanCovTracePCGuardSectionStart());
326       SecStart->setVisibility(GlobalValue::HiddenVisibility);
327       GlobalVariable *SecEnd = new GlobalVariable(
328           M, Int32PtrTy, false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage, nullptr,
329           getSanCovTracePCGuardSectionEnd());
330       SecEnd->setVisibility(GlobalValue::HiddenVisibility);
331 
332       std::tie(CtorFunc, std::ignore) = createSanitizerCtorAndInitFunctions(
333           M, SanCovModuleCtorName, SanCovTracePCGuardInitName,
334           {Int32PtrTy, Int32PtrTy},
335           {IRB.CreatePointerCast(SecStart, Int32PtrTy),
336             IRB.CreatePointerCast(SecEnd, Int32PtrTy)});
337 
338       if (TargetTriple.supportsCOMDAT()) {
339         // Use comdat to dedup CtorFunc.
340         CtorFunc->setComdat(M.getOrInsertComdat(SanCovModuleCtorName));
341         appendToGlobalCtors(M, CtorFunc, SanCtorAndDtorPriority, CtorFunc);
342       } else {
343         appendToGlobalCtors(M, CtorFunc, SanCtorAndDtorPriority);
344       }
345     }
346   } else if (!Options.TracePC) {
347     Function *CtorFunc;
348     std::tie(CtorFunc, std::ignore) = createSanitizerCtorAndInitFunctions(
349         M, SanCovModuleCtorName, SanCovModuleInitName,
350         {Int32PtrTy, IntptrTy, Int8PtrTy, Int8PtrTy},
351         {IRB.CreatePointerCast(RealGuardArray, Int32PtrTy),
352          ConstantInt::get(IntptrTy, N), Constant::getNullValue(Int8PtrTy),
353          IRB.CreatePointerCast(ModuleName, Int8PtrTy)});
354 
355     appendToGlobalCtors(M, CtorFunc, SanCtorAndDtorPriority);
356   }
357 
358   return true;
359 }
360 
361 // True if block has successors and it dominates all of them.
362 static bool isFullDominator(const BasicBlock *BB, const DominatorTree *DT) {
363   if (succ_begin(BB) == succ_end(BB))
364     return false;
365 
366   for (const BasicBlock *SUCC : make_range(succ_begin(BB), succ_end(BB))) {
367     if (!DT->dominates(BB, SUCC))
368       return false;
369   }
370 
371   return true;
372 }
373 
374 // True if block has predecessors and it postdominates all of them.
375 static bool isFullPostDominator(const BasicBlock *BB,
376                                 const PostDominatorTree *PDT) {
377   if (pred_begin(BB) == pred_end(BB))
378     return false;
379 
380   for (const BasicBlock *PRED : make_range(pred_begin(BB), pred_end(BB))) {
381     if (!PDT->dominates(BB, PRED))
382       return false;
383   }
384 
385   return true;
386 }
387 
388 static bool shouldInstrumentBlock(const Function& F, const BasicBlock *BB, const DominatorTree *DT,
389                                   const PostDominatorTree *PDT) {
390   // Don't insert coverage for unreachable blocks: we will never call
391   // __sanitizer_cov() for them, so counting them in
392   // NumberOfInstrumentedBlocks() might complicate calculation of code coverage
393   // percentage. Also, unreachable instructions frequently have no debug
394   // locations.
395   if (isa<UnreachableInst>(BB->getTerminator()))
396     return false;
397 
398   // Don't insert coverage into blocks without a valid insertion point
399   // (catchswitch blocks).
400   if (BB->getFirstInsertionPt() == BB->end())
401     return false;
402 
403   if (!ClPruneBlocks || &F.getEntryBlock() == BB)
404     return true;
405 
406   return !(isFullDominator(BB, DT) || isFullPostDominator(BB, PDT));
407 }
408 
409 bool SanitizerCoverageModule::runOnFunction(Function &F) {
410   if (F.empty())
411     return false;
412   if (F.getName().find(".module_ctor") != std::string::npos)
413     return false; // Should not instrument sanitizer init functions.
414   if (F.getName().startswith("__sanitizer_"))
415     return false;  // Don't instrument __sanitizer_* callbacks.
416   // Don't instrument MSVC CRT configuration helpers. They may run before normal
417   // initialization.
418   if (F.getName() == "__local_stdio_printf_options" ||
419       F.getName() == "__local_stdio_scanf_options")
420     return false;
421   // Don't instrument functions using SEH for now. Splitting basic blocks like
422   // we do for coverage breaks WinEHPrepare.
423   // FIXME: Remove this when SEH no longer uses landingpad pattern matching.
424   if (F.hasPersonalityFn() &&
425       isAsynchronousEHPersonality(classifyEHPersonality(F.getPersonalityFn())))
426     return false;
427   if (Options.CoverageType >= SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Edge)
428     SplitAllCriticalEdges(F);
429   SmallVector<Instruction *, 8> IndirCalls;
430   SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 16> BlocksToInstrument;
431   SmallVector<Instruction *, 8> CmpTraceTargets;
432   SmallVector<Instruction *, 8> SwitchTraceTargets;
433   SmallVector<BinaryOperator *, 8> DivTraceTargets;
434   SmallVector<GetElementPtrInst *, 8> GepTraceTargets;
435 
436   const DominatorTree *DT =
437       &getAnalysis<DominatorTreeWrapperPass>(F).getDomTree();
438   const PostDominatorTree *PDT =
439       &getAnalysis<PostDominatorTreeWrapperPass>(F).getPostDomTree();
440 
441   for (auto &BB : F) {
442     if (shouldInstrumentBlock(F, &BB, DT, PDT))
443       BlocksToInstrument.push_back(&BB);
444     for (auto &Inst : BB) {
445       if (Options.IndirectCalls) {
446         CallSite CS(&Inst);
447         if (CS && !CS.getCalledFunction())
448           IndirCalls.push_back(&Inst);
449       }
450       if (Options.TraceCmp) {
451         if (isa<ICmpInst>(&Inst))
452           CmpTraceTargets.push_back(&Inst);
453         if (isa<SwitchInst>(&Inst))
454           SwitchTraceTargets.push_back(&Inst);
455       }
456       if (Options.TraceDiv)
457         if (BinaryOperator *BO = dyn_cast<BinaryOperator>(&Inst))
458           if (BO->getOpcode() == Instruction::SDiv ||
459               BO->getOpcode() == Instruction::UDiv)
460             DivTraceTargets.push_back(BO);
461       if (Options.TraceGep)
462         if (GetElementPtrInst *GEP = dyn_cast<GetElementPtrInst>(&Inst))
463           GepTraceTargets.push_back(GEP);
464    }
465   }
466 
467   InjectCoverage(F, BlocksToInstrument);
468   InjectCoverageForIndirectCalls(F, IndirCalls);
469   InjectTraceForCmp(F, CmpTraceTargets);
470   InjectTraceForSwitch(F, SwitchTraceTargets);
471   InjectTraceForDiv(F, DivTraceTargets);
472   InjectTraceForGep(F, GepTraceTargets);
473   return true;
474 }
475 void SanitizerCoverageModule::CreateFunctionGuardArray(size_t NumGuards,
476                                                        Function &F) {
477   if (!Options.TracePCGuard) return;
478   HasSancovGuardsSection = true;
479   ArrayType *ArrayOfInt32Ty = ArrayType::get(Int32Ty, NumGuards);
480   FunctionGuardArray = new GlobalVariable(
481       *CurModule, ArrayOfInt32Ty, false, GlobalVariable::PrivateLinkage,
482       Constant::getNullValue(ArrayOfInt32Ty), "__sancov_gen_");
483   if (auto Comdat = F.getComdat())
484     FunctionGuardArray->setComdat(Comdat);
485   FunctionGuardArray->setSection(getSanCovTracePCGuardSection());
486 }
487 
488 bool SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectCoverage(Function &F,
489                                              ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> AllBlocks) {
490   if (AllBlocks.empty()) return false;
491   switch (Options.CoverageType) {
492   case SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_None:
493     return false;
494   case SanitizerCoverageOptions::SCK_Function:
495     CreateFunctionGuardArray(1, F);
496     InjectCoverageAtBlock(F, F.getEntryBlock(), 0, false);
497     return true;
498   default: {
499     bool UseCalls = ClCoverageBlockThreshold < AllBlocks.size();
500     CreateFunctionGuardArray(AllBlocks.size(), F);
501     for (size_t i = 0, N = AllBlocks.size(); i < N; i++)
502       InjectCoverageAtBlock(F, *AllBlocks[i], i, UseCalls);
503     return true;
504   }
505   }
506 }
507 
508 // On every indirect call we call a run-time function
509 // __sanitizer_cov_indir_call* with two parameters:
510 //   - callee address,
511 //   - global cache array that contains CacheSize pointers (zero-initialized).
512 //     The cache is used to speed up recording the caller-callee pairs.
513 // The address of the caller is passed implicitly via caller PC.
514 // CacheSize is encoded in the name of the run-time function.
515 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectCoverageForIndirectCalls(
516     Function &F, ArrayRef<Instruction *> IndirCalls) {
517   if (IndirCalls.empty())
518     return;
519   const int CacheSize = 16;
520   const int CacheAlignment = 64; // Align for better performance.
521   Type *Ty = ArrayType::get(IntptrTy, CacheSize);
522   for (auto I : IndirCalls) {
523     IRBuilder<> IRB(I);
524     CallSite CS(I);
525     Value *Callee = CS.getCalledValue();
526     if (isa<InlineAsm>(Callee))
527       continue;
528     GlobalVariable *CalleeCache = new GlobalVariable(
529         *F.getParent(), Ty, false, GlobalValue::PrivateLinkage,
530         Constant::getNullValue(Ty), "__sancov_gen_callee_cache");
531     CalleeCache->setAlignment(CacheAlignment);
532     if (Options.TracePC || Options.TracePCGuard)
533       IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTracePCIndir,
534                      IRB.CreatePointerCast(Callee, IntptrTy));
535     else
536       IRB.CreateCall(SanCovIndirCallFunction,
537                      {IRB.CreatePointerCast(Callee, IntptrTy),
538                       IRB.CreatePointerCast(CalleeCache, IntptrTy)});
539   }
540 }
541 
542 // For every switch statement we insert a call:
543 // __sanitizer_cov_trace_switch(CondValue,
544 //      {NumCases, ValueSizeInBits, Case0Value, Case1Value, Case2Value, ... })
545 
546 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectTraceForSwitch(
547     Function &, ArrayRef<Instruction *> SwitchTraceTargets) {
548   for (auto I : SwitchTraceTargets) {
549     if (SwitchInst *SI = dyn_cast<SwitchInst>(I)) {
550       IRBuilder<> IRB(I);
551       SmallVector<Constant *, 16> Initializers;
552       Value *Cond = SI->getCondition();
553       if (Cond->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits() >
554           Int64Ty->getScalarSizeInBits())
555         continue;
556       Initializers.push_back(ConstantInt::get(Int64Ty, SI->getNumCases()));
557       Initializers.push_back(
558           ConstantInt::get(Int64Ty, Cond->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits()));
559       if (Cond->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits() <
560           Int64Ty->getScalarSizeInBits())
561         Cond = IRB.CreateIntCast(Cond, Int64Ty, false);
562       for (auto It : SI->cases()) {
563         Constant *C = It.getCaseValue();
564         if (C->getType()->getScalarSizeInBits() <
565             Int64Ty->getScalarSizeInBits())
566           C = ConstantExpr::getCast(CastInst::ZExt, It.getCaseValue(), Int64Ty);
567         Initializers.push_back(C);
568       }
569       std::sort(Initializers.begin() + 2, Initializers.end(),
570                 [](const Constant *A, const Constant *B) {
571                   return cast<ConstantInt>(A)->getLimitedValue() <
572                          cast<ConstantInt>(B)->getLimitedValue();
573                 });
574       ArrayType *ArrayOfInt64Ty = ArrayType::get(Int64Ty, Initializers.size());
575       GlobalVariable *GV = new GlobalVariable(
576           *CurModule, ArrayOfInt64Ty, false, GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage,
577           ConstantArray::get(ArrayOfInt64Ty, Initializers),
578           "__sancov_gen_cov_switch_values");
579       IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTraceSwitchFunction,
580                      {Cond, IRB.CreatePointerCast(GV, Int64PtrTy)});
581     }
582   }
583 }
584 
585 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectTraceForDiv(
586     Function &, ArrayRef<BinaryOperator *> DivTraceTargets) {
587   for (auto BO : DivTraceTargets) {
588     IRBuilder<> IRB(BO);
589     Value *A1 = BO->getOperand(1);
590     if (isa<ConstantInt>(A1)) continue;
591     if (!A1->getType()->isIntegerTy())
592       continue;
593     uint64_t TypeSize = DL->getTypeStoreSizeInBits(A1->getType());
594     int CallbackIdx = TypeSize == 32 ? 0 :
595         TypeSize == 64 ? 1 : -1;
596     if (CallbackIdx < 0) continue;
597     auto Ty = Type::getIntNTy(*C, TypeSize);
598     IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTraceDivFunction[CallbackIdx],
599                    {IRB.CreateIntCast(A1, Ty, true)});
600   }
601 }
602 
603 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectTraceForGep(
604     Function &, ArrayRef<GetElementPtrInst *> GepTraceTargets) {
605   for (auto GEP : GepTraceTargets) {
606     IRBuilder<> IRB(GEP);
607     for (auto I = GEP->idx_begin(); I != GEP->idx_end(); ++I)
608       if (!isa<ConstantInt>(*I) && (*I)->getType()->isIntegerTy())
609         IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTraceGepFunction,
610                        {IRB.CreateIntCast(*I, IntptrTy, true)});
611   }
612 }
613 
614 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectTraceForCmp(
615     Function &, ArrayRef<Instruction *> CmpTraceTargets) {
616   for (auto I : CmpTraceTargets) {
617     if (ICmpInst *ICMP = dyn_cast<ICmpInst>(I)) {
618       IRBuilder<> IRB(ICMP);
619       Value *A0 = ICMP->getOperand(0);
620       Value *A1 = ICMP->getOperand(1);
621       if (!A0->getType()->isIntegerTy())
622         continue;
623       uint64_t TypeSize = DL->getTypeStoreSizeInBits(A0->getType());
624       int CallbackIdx = TypeSize == 8 ? 0 :
625                         TypeSize == 16 ? 1 :
626                         TypeSize == 32 ? 2 :
627                         TypeSize == 64 ? 3 : -1;
628       if (CallbackIdx < 0) continue;
629       // __sanitizer_cov_trace_cmp((type_size << 32) | predicate, A0, A1);
630       auto Ty = Type::getIntNTy(*C, TypeSize);
631       IRB.CreateCall(
632           SanCovTraceCmpFunction[CallbackIdx],
633           {IRB.CreateIntCast(A0, Ty, true), IRB.CreateIntCast(A1, Ty, true)});
634     }
635   }
636 }
637 
638 void SanitizerCoverageModule::SetNoSanitizeMetadata(Instruction *I) {
639   I->setMetadata(I->getModule()->getMDKindID("nosanitize"),
640                  MDNode::get(*C, None));
641 }
642 
643 void SanitizerCoverageModule::InjectCoverageAtBlock(Function &F, BasicBlock &BB,
644                                                     size_t Idx, bool UseCalls) {
645   BasicBlock::iterator IP = BB.getFirstInsertionPt();
646   bool IsEntryBB = &BB == &F.getEntryBlock();
647   DebugLoc EntryLoc;
648   if (IsEntryBB) {
649     if (auto SP = F.getSubprogram())
650       EntryLoc = DebugLoc::get(SP->getScopeLine(), 0, SP);
651     // Keep static allocas and llvm.localescape calls in the entry block.  Even
652     // if we aren't splitting the block, it's nice for allocas to be before
653     // calls.
654     IP = PrepareToSplitEntryBlock(BB, IP);
655   } else {
656     EntryLoc = IP->getDebugLoc();
657   }
658 
659   IRBuilder<> IRB(&*IP);
660   IRB.SetCurrentDebugLocation(EntryLoc);
661   if (Options.TracePC) {
662     IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTracePC); // gets the PC using GET_CALLER_PC.
663     IRB.CreateCall(EmptyAsm, {}); // Avoids callback merge.
664   } else if (Options.TracePCGuard) {
665     auto GuardPtr = IRB.CreateIntToPtr(
666         IRB.CreateAdd(IRB.CreatePointerCast(FunctionGuardArray, IntptrTy),
667                       ConstantInt::get(IntptrTy, Idx * 4)),
668         Int32PtrTy);
669     if (!UseCalls) {
670       auto GuardLoad = IRB.CreateLoad(GuardPtr);
671       GuardLoad->setAtomic(AtomicOrdering::Monotonic);
672       GuardLoad->setAlignment(8);
673       SetNoSanitizeMetadata(GuardLoad);  // Don't instrument with e.g. asan.
674       auto Cmp = IRB.CreateICmpNE(
675           GuardLoad, Constant::getNullValue(GuardLoad->getType()));
676       auto Ins = SplitBlockAndInsertIfThen(
677           Cmp, &*IP, false, MDBuilder(*C).createBranchWeights(1, 100000));
678       IRB.SetInsertPoint(Ins);
679       IRB.SetCurrentDebugLocation(EntryLoc);
680     }
681     IRB.CreateCall(SanCovTracePCGuard, GuardPtr);
682     IRB.CreateCall(EmptyAsm, {}); // Avoids callback merge.
683   } else {
684     Value *GuardP = IRB.CreateAdd(
685         IRB.CreatePointerCast(GuardArray, IntptrTy),
686         ConstantInt::get(IntptrTy, (1 + NumberOfInstrumentedBlocks()) * 4));
687     GuardP = IRB.CreateIntToPtr(GuardP, Int32PtrTy);
688     if (UseCalls) {
689       IRB.CreateCall(SanCovWithCheckFunction, GuardP);
690     } else {
691       LoadInst *Load = IRB.CreateLoad(GuardP);
692       Load->setAtomic(AtomicOrdering::Monotonic);
693       Load->setAlignment(4);
694       SetNoSanitizeMetadata(Load);
695       Value *Cmp =
696           IRB.CreateICmpSGE(Constant::getNullValue(Load->getType()), Load);
697       Instruction *Ins = SplitBlockAndInsertIfThen(
698           Cmp, &*IP, false, MDBuilder(*C).createBranchWeights(1, 100000));
699       IRB.SetInsertPoint(Ins);
700       IRB.SetCurrentDebugLocation(EntryLoc);
701       // __sanitizer_cov gets the PC of the instruction using GET_CALLER_PC.
702       IRB.CreateCall(SanCovFunction, GuardP);
703       IRB.CreateCall(EmptyAsm, {}); // Avoids callback merge.
704     }
705   }
706 }
707 
708 StringRef SanitizerCoverageModule::getSanCovTracePCGuardSection() const {
709   if (TargetTriple.getObjectFormat() == Triple::COFF)
710     return ".SCOV$M";
711   if (TargetTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO())
712     return "__DATA,__sancov_guards";
713   return "__sancov_guards";
714 }
715 
716 StringRef SanitizerCoverageModule::getSanCovTracePCGuardSectionStart() const {
717   if (TargetTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO())
718     return "\1section$start$__DATA$__sancov_guards";
719   return "__start___sancov_guards";
720 }
721 
722 StringRef SanitizerCoverageModule::getSanCovTracePCGuardSectionEnd() const {
723   if (TargetTriple.isOSBinFormatMachO())
724     return "\1section$end$__DATA$__sancov_guards";
725   return "__stop___sancov_guards";
726 }
727 
728 
729 char SanitizerCoverageModule::ID = 0;
730 INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(SanitizerCoverageModule, "sancov",
731                       "SanitizerCoverage: TODO."
732                       "ModulePass",
733                       false, false)
734 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(DominatorTreeWrapperPass)
735 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(PostDominatorTreeWrapperPass)
736 INITIALIZE_PASS_END(SanitizerCoverageModule, "sancov",
737                     "SanitizerCoverage: TODO."
738                     "ModulePass",
739                     false, false)
740 ModulePass *llvm::createSanitizerCoverageModulePass(
741     const SanitizerCoverageOptions &Options) {
742   return new SanitizerCoverageModule(Options);
743 }
744