xref: /llvm-project/llvm/lib/Target/Mips/MCTargetDesc/MipsELFObjectWriter.cpp (revision fe98b2f54b0478537b9869708a6d87eafb326a1f)
1 //===-- MipsELFObjectWriter.cpp - Mips ELF Writer -------------------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #include "MCTargetDesc/MipsBaseInfo.h"
11 #include "MCTargetDesc/MipsFixupKinds.h"
12 #include "MCTargetDesc/MipsMCTargetDesc.h"
13 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
14 #include "llvm/MC/MCAssembler.h"
15 #include "llvm/MC/MCELFObjectWriter.h"
16 #include "llvm/MC/MCExpr.h"
17 #include "llvm/MC/MCSection.h"
18 #include "llvm/MC/MCSymbolELF.h"
19 #include "llvm/MC/MCValue.h"
20 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
21 
22 using namespace llvm;
23 
24 namespace {
25 // A helper structure based on ELFRelocationEntry, used for sorting entries in
26 // the relocation table.
27 struct MipsRelocationEntry {
28   MipsRelocationEntry(const ELFRelocationEntry &R)
29       : R(R), SortOffset(R.Offset), HasMatchingHi(false) {}
30   const ELFRelocationEntry R;
31   // SortOffset equals R.Offset except for the *HI16 relocations, for which it
32   // will be set based on the R.Offset of the matching *LO16 relocation.
33   int64_t SortOffset;
34   // True when this is a *LO16 relocation chosen as a match for a *HI16
35   // relocation.
36   bool HasMatchingHi;
37 };
38 
39   class MipsELFObjectWriter : public MCELFObjectTargetWriter {
40   public:
41     MipsELFObjectWriter(bool _is64Bit, uint8_t OSABI,
42                         bool _isN64, bool IsLittleEndian);
43 
44     ~MipsELFObjectWriter() override;
45 
46     unsigned getRelocType(MCContext &Ctx, const MCValue &Target,
47                           const MCFixup &Fixup, bool IsPCRel) const override;
48     bool needsRelocateWithSymbol(const MCSymbol &Sym,
49                                  unsigned Type) const override;
50     virtual void sortRelocs(const MCAssembler &Asm,
51                             std::vector<ELFRelocationEntry> &Relocs) override;
52   };
53 }
54 
55 MipsELFObjectWriter::MipsELFObjectWriter(bool _is64Bit, uint8_t OSABI,
56                                          bool _isN64, bool IsLittleEndian)
57     : MCELFObjectTargetWriter(_is64Bit, OSABI, ELF::EM_MIPS,
58                               /*HasRelocationAddend*/ _isN64,
59                               /*IsN64*/ _isN64) {}
60 
61 MipsELFObjectWriter::~MipsELFObjectWriter() {}
62 
63 unsigned MipsELFObjectWriter::getRelocType(MCContext &Ctx,
64                                            const MCValue &Target,
65                                            const MCFixup &Fixup,
66                                            bool IsPCRel) const {
67   // Determine the type of the relocation.
68   unsigned Kind = (unsigned)Fixup.getKind();
69 
70   switch (Kind) {
71   case Mips::fixup_Mips_NONE:
72     return ELF::R_MIPS_NONE;
73   case Mips::fixup_Mips_16:
74   case FK_Data_2:
75     return IsPCRel ? ELF::R_MIPS_PC16 : ELF::R_MIPS_16;
76   case Mips::fixup_Mips_32:
77   case FK_Data_4:
78     return IsPCRel ? ELF::R_MIPS_PC32 : ELF::R_MIPS_32;
79   }
80 
81   if (IsPCRel) {
82     switch (Kind) {
83     case Mips::fixup_Mips_Branch_PCRel:
84     case Mips::fixup_Mips_PC16:
85       return ELF::R_MIPS_PC16;
86     case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_PC7_S1:
87       return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_PC7_S1;
88     case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_PC10_S1:
89       return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_PC10_S1;
90     case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_PC16_S1:
91       return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_PC16_S1;
92     case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_PC26_S1:
93       return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_PC26_S1;
94     case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_PC19_S2:
95       return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_PC19_S2;
96     case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_PC18_S3:
97       return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_PC18_S3;
98     case Mips::fixup_MIPS_PC19_S2:
99       return ELF::R_MIPS_PC19_S2;
100     case Mips::fixup_MIPS_PC18_S3:
101       return ELF::R_MIPS_PC18_S3;
102     case Mips::fixup_MIPS_PC21_S2:
103       return ELF::R_MIPS_PC21_S2;
104     case Mips::fixup_MIPS_PC26_S2:
105       return ELF::R_MIPS_PC26_S2;
106     case Mips::fixup_MIPS_PCHI16:
107       return ELF::R_MIPS_PCHI16;
108     case Mips::fixup_MIPS_PCLO16:
109       return ELF::R_MIPS_PCLO16;
110     }
111 
112     llvm_unreachable("invalid PC-relative fixup kind!");
113   }
114 
115   switch (Kind) {
116   case Mips::fixup_Mips_64:
117   case FK_Data_8:
118     return ELF::R_MIPS_64;
119   case FK_GPRel_4:
120     if (isN64()) {
121       unsigned Type = (unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_NONE;
122       Type = setRType((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_GPREL32, Type);
123       Type = setRType2((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_64, Type);
124       Type = setRType3((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_NONE, Type);
125       return Type;
126     }
127     return ELF::R_MIPS_GPREL32;
128   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GPREL16:
129     return ELF::R_MIPS_GPREL16;
130   case Mips::fixup_Mips_26:
131     return ELF::R_MIPS_26;
132   case Mips::fixup_Mips_CALL16:
133     return ELF::R_MIPS_CALL16;
134   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GOT:
135     return ELF::R_MIPS_GOT16;
136   case Mips::fixup_Mips_HI16:
137     return ELF::R_MIPS_HI16;
138   case Mips::fixup_Mips_LO16:
139     return ELF::R_MIPS_LO16;
140   case Mips::fixup_Mips_TLSGD:
141     return ELF::R_MIPS_TLS_GD;
142   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GOTTPREL:
143     return ELF::R_MIPS_TLS_GOTTPREL;
144   case Mips::fixup_Mips_TPREL_HI:
145     return ELF::R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL_HI16;
146   case Mips::fixup_Mips_TPREL_LO:
147     return ELF::R_MIPS_TLS_TPREL_LO16;
148   case Mips::fixup_Mips_TLSLDM:
149     return ELF::R_MIPS_TLS_LDM;
150   case Mips::fixup_Mips_DTPREL_HI:
151     return ELF::R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL_HI16;
152   case Mips::fixup_Mips_DTPREL_LO:
153     return ELF::R_MIPS_TLS_DTPREL_LO16;
154   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GOT_PAGE:
155     return ELF::R_MIPS_GOT_PAGE;
156   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GOT_OFST:
157     return ELF::R_MIPS_GOT_OFST;
158   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GOT_DISP:
159     return ELF::R_MIPS_GOT_DISP;
160   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GPOFF_HI: {
161     unsigned Type = (unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_NONE;
162     Type = setRType((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_GPREL16, Type);
163     Type = setRType2((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_SUB, Type);
164     Type = setRType3((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_HI16, Type);
165     return Type;
166   }
167   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GPOFF_LO: {
168     unsigned Type = (unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_NONE;
169     Type = setRType((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_GPREL16, Type);
170     Type = setRType2((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_SUB, Type);
171     Type = setRType3((unsigned)ELF::R_MIPS_LO16, Type);
172     return Type;
173   }
174   case Mips::fixup_Mips_HIGHER:
175     return ELF::R_MIPS_HIGHER;
176   case Mips::fixup_Mips_HIGHEST:
177     return ELF::R_MIPS_HIGHEST;
178   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GOT_HI16:
179     return ELF::R_MIPS_GOT_HI16;
180   case Mips::fixup_Mips_GOT_LO16:
181     return ELF::R_MIPS_GOT_LO16;
182   case Mips::fixup_Mips_CALL_HI16:
183     return ELF::R_MIPS_CALL_HI16;
184   case Mips::fixup_Mips_CALL_LO16:
185     return ELF::R_MIPS_CALL_LO16;
186   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_26_S1:
187     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_26_S1;
188   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_HI16:
189     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_HI16;
190   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_LO16:
191     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_LO16;
192   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_GOT16:
193     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_GOT16;
194   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_CALL16:
195     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_CALL16;
196   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_GOT_DISP:
197     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_GOT_DISP;
198   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_GOT_PAGE:
199     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_GOT_PAGE;
200   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_GOT_OFST:
201     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_GOT_OFST;
202   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_TLS_GD:
203     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_TLS_GD;
204   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_TLS_LDM:
205     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_TLS_LDM;
206   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_TLS_DTPREL_HI16:
207     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_TLS_DTPREL_HI16;
208   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_TLS_DTPREL_LO16:
209     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_TLS_DTPREL_LO16;
210   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_TLS_TPREL_HI16:
211     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_TLS_TPREL_HI16;
212   case Mips::fixup_MICROMIPS_TLS_TPREL_LO16:
213     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_TLS_TPREL_LO16;
214   }
215 
216   llvm_unreachable("invalid fixup kind!");
217 }
218 
219 // Sort entries by SortOffset in descending order.
220 // When there are more *HI16 relocs paired with one *LO16 reloc, the 2nd rule
221 // sorts them in ascending order of R.Offset.
222 static int cmpRelMips(const MipsRelocationEntry *AP,
223                       const MipsRelocationEntry *BP) {
224   const MipsRelocationEntry &A = *AP;
225   const MipsRelocationEntry &B = *BP;
226   if (A.SortOffset != B.SortOffset)
227     return B.SortOffset - A.SortOffset;
228   if (A.R.Offset != B.R.Offset)
229     return A.R.Offset - B.R.Offset;
230   if (B.R.Type != A.R.Type)
231     return B.R.Type - A.R.Type;
232   //llvm_unreachable("ELFRelocs might be unstable!");
233   return 0;
234 }
235 
236 // For the given Reloc.Type, return the matching relocation type, as in the
237 // table below.
238 static unsigned getMatchingLoType(const MCAssembler &Asm,
239                                   const ELFRelocationEntry &Reloc) {
240   unsigned Type = Reloc.Type;
241   if (Type == ELF::R_MIPS_HI16)
242     return ELF::R_MIPS_LO16;
243   if (Type == ELF::R_MICROMIPS_HI16)
244     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_LO16;
245   if (Type == ELF::R_MIPS16_HI16)
246     return ELF::R_MIPS16_LO16;
247 
248   if (Reloc.Symbol->getBinding() != ELF::STB_LOCAL)
249     return ELF::R_MIPS_NONE;
250 
251   if (Type == ELF::R_MIPS_GOT16)
252     return ELF::R_MIPS_LO16;
253   if (Type == ELF::R_MICROMIPS_GOT16)
254     return ELF::R_MICROMIPS_LO16;
255   if (Type == ELF::R_MIPS16_GOT16)
256     return ELF::R_MIPS16_LO16;
257 
258   return ELF::R_MIPS_NONE;
259 }
260 
261 // Return true if First needs a matching *LO16, its matching *LO16 type equals
262 // Second's type and both relocations are against the same symbol.
263 static bool areMatchingHiAndLo(const MCAssembler &Asm,
264                                const ELFRelocationEntry &First,
265                                const ELFRelocationEntry &Second) {
266   return getMatchingLoType(Asm, First) != ELF::R_MIPS_NONE &&
267          getMatchingLoType(Asm, First) == Second.Type &&
268          First.Symbol && First.Symbol == Second.Symbol;
269 }
270 
271 // Return true if MipsRelocs[Index] is a *LO16 preceded by a matching *HI16.
272 static bool
273 isPrecededByMatchingHi(const MCAssembler &Asm, uint32_t Index,
274                        std::vector<MipsRelocationEntry> &MipsRelocs) {
275   return Index < MipsRelocs.size() - 1 &&
276          areMatchingHiAndLo(Asm, MipsRelocs[Index + 1].R, MipsRelocs[Index].R);
277 }
278 
279 // Return true if MipsRelocs[Index] is a *LO16 not preceded by a matching *HI16
280 // and not chosen by a *HI16 as a match.
281 static bool isFreeLo(const MCAssembler &Asm, uint32_t Index,
282                      std::vector<MipsRelocationEntry> &MipsRelocs) {
283   return Index < MipsRelocs.size() && !MipsRelocs[Index].HasMatchingHi &&
284          !isPrecededByMatchingHi(Asm, Index, MipsRelocs);
285 }
286 
287 // Lo is chosen as a match for Hi, set their fields accordingly.
288 // Mips instructions have fixed length of at least two bytes (two for
289 // micromips/mips16, four for mips32/64), so we can set HI's SortOffset to
290 // matching LO's Offset minus one to simplify the sorting function.
291 static void setMatch(MipsRelocationEntry &Hi, MipsRelocationEntry &Lo) {
292   Lo.HasMatchingHi = true;
293   Hi.SortOffset = Lo.R.Offset - 1;
294 }
295 
296 // We sort relocation table entries by offset, except for one additional rule
297 // required by MIPS ABI: every *HI16 relocation must be immediately followed by
298 // the corresponding *LO16 relocation. We also support a GNU extension that
299 // allows more *HI16s paired with one *LO16.
300 //
301 // *HI16 relocations and their matching *LO16 are:
302 //
303 // +---------------------------------------------+-------------------+
304 // |               *HI16                         |  matching *LO16   |
305 // |---------------------------------------------+-------------------|
306 // |  R_MIPS_HI16, local R_MIPS_GOT16            |    R_MIPS_LO16    |
307 // |  R_MICROMIPS_HI16, local R_MICROMIPS_GOT16  | R_MICROMIPS_LO16  |
308 // |  R_MIPS16_HI16, local R_MIPS16_GOT16        |  R_MIPS16_LO16    |
309 // +---------------------------------------------+-------------------+
310 //
311 // (local R_*_GOT16 meaning R_*_GOT16 against the local symbol.)
312 //
313 // To handle *HI16 and *LO16 relocations, the linker needs a combined addend
314 // ("AHL") calculated from both *HI16 ("AHI") and *LO16 ("ALO") relocations:
315 // AHL = (AHI << 16) + (short)ALO;
316 //
317 // We are reusing gnu as sorting algorithm so we are emitting the relocation
318 // table sorted the same way as gnu as would sort it, for easier comparison of
319 // the generated .o files.
320 //
321 // The logic is:
322 // search the table (starting from the highest offset and going back to zero)
323 // for all *HI16 relocations that don't have a matching *LO16.
324 // For every such HI, find a matching LO with highest offset that isn't already
325 // matched with another HI. If there are no free LOs, match it with the first
326 // found (starting from lowest offset).
327 // When there are more HIs matched with one LO, sort them in descending order by
328 // offset.
329 //
330 // In other words, when searching for a matching LO:
331 // - don't look for a 'better' match for the HIs that are already followed by a
332 //   matching LO;
333 // - prefer LOs without a pair;
334 // - prefer LOs with higher offset;
335 
336 static int cmpRel(const ELFRelocationEntry *AP, const ELFRelocationEntry *BP) {
337   const ELFRelocationEntry &A = *AP;
338   const ELFRelocationEntry &B = *BP;
339   if (A.Offset < B.Offset)
340     return 1;
341   if (A.Offset > B.Offset)
342     return -1;
343   assert(B.Type != A.Type && "We don't have a total order");
344   return A.Type - B.Type;
345 }
346 
347 void MipsELFObjectWriter::sortRelocs(const MCAssembler &Asm,
348                                      std::vector<ELFRelocationEntry> &Relocs) {
349   if (Relocs.size() < 2)
350     return;
351 
352   // Sorts entries by Offset in descending order.
353   array_pod_sort(Relocs.begin(), Relocs.end(), cmpRel);
354 
355   // Init MipsRelocs from Relocs.
356   std::vector<MipsRelocationEntry> MipsRelocs;
357   for (unsigned I = 0, E = Relocs.size(); I != E; ++I)
358     MipsRelocs.push_back(MipsRelocationEntry(Relocs[I]));
359 
360   // Find a matching LO for all HIs that need it.
361   for (int32_t I = 0, E = MipsRelocs.size(); I != E; ++I) {
362     if (getMatchingLoType(Asm, MipsRelocs[I].R) == ELF::R_MIPS_NONE ||
363         (I > 0 && isPrecededByMatchingHi(Asm, I - 1, MipsRelocs)))
364       continue;
365 
366     int32_t MatchedLoIndex = -1;
367 
368     // Search the list in the ascending order of Offset.
369     for (int32_t J = MipsRelocs.size() - 1, N = -1; J != N; --J) {
370       // check for a match
371       if (areMatchingHiAndLo(Asm, MipsRelocs[I].R, MipsRelocs[J].R) &&
372           (MatchedLoIndex == -1 || // first match
373            // or we already have a match,
374            // but this one is with higher offset and it's free
375            (MatchedLoIndex > J && isFreeLo(Asm, J, MipsRelocs))))
376         MatchedLoIndex = J;
377     }
378 
379     if (MatchedLoIndex != -1)
380       // We have a match.
381       setMatch(MipsRelocs[I], MipsRelocs[MatchedLoIndex]);
382   }
383 
384   // SortOffsets are calculated, call the sorting function.
385   array_pod_sort(MipsRelocs.begin(), MipsRelocs.end(), cmpRelMips);
386 
387   // Copy sorted MipsRelocs back to Relocs.
388   for (unsigned I = 0, E = MipsRelocs.size(); I != E; ++I)
389     Relocs[I] = MipsRelocs[I].R;
390 }
391 
392 bool MipsELFObjectWriter::needsRelocateWithSymbol(const MCSymbol &Sym,
393                                                   unsigned Type) const {
394   // FIXME: This is extremely conservative. This really needs to use a
395   // whitelist with a clear explanation for why each realocation needs to
396   // point to the symbol, not to the section.
397   switch (Type) {
398   default:
399     return true;
400 
401   case ELF::R_MIPS_GOT16:
402   case ELF::R_MIPS16_GOT16:
403   case ELF::R_MICROMIPS_GOT16:
404     return true;
405 
406   // These relocations might be paired with another relocation. The pairing is
407   // done by the static linker by matching the symbol. Since we only see one
408   // relocation at a time, we have to force them to relocate with a symbol to
409   // avoid ending up with a pair where one points to a section and another
410   // points to a symbol.
411   case ELF::R_MIPS_HI16:
412   case ELF::R_MIPS16_HI16:
413   case ELF::R_MICROMIPS_HI16:
414   case ELF::R_MIPS_LO16:
415   case ELF::R_MIPS16_LO16:
416   case ELF::R_MICROMIPS_LO16:
417     return true;
418 
419   case ELF::R_MIPS_16:
420   case ELF::R_MIPS_32:
421     if (cast<MCSymbolELF>(Sym).getOther() & ELF::STO_MIPS_MICROMIPS)
422       return true;
423     // falltrough
424   case ELF::R_MIPS_26:
425   case ELF::R_MIPS_64:
426   case ELF::R_MIPS_GPREL16:
427     return false;
428   }
429 }
430 
431 MCObjectWriter *llvm::createMipsELFObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS,
432                                                 uint8_t OSABI,
433                                                 bool IsLittleEndian,
434                                                 bool Is64Bit) {
435   MCELFObjectTargetWriter *MOTW =
436       new MipsELFObjectWriter(Is64Bit, OSABI, Is64Bit, IsLittleEndian);
437   return createELFObjectWriter(MOTW, OS, IsLittleEndian);
438 }
439