xref: /llvm-project/llvm/docs/CommandGuide/llvm-objcopy.rst (revision 6f1395a1fef5533a5a8dfdb8621eab7de3922cc3)
1llvm-objcopy - object copying and editing tool
2==============================================
3
4.. program:: llvm-objcopy
5
6SYNOPSIS
7--------
8
9:program:`llvm-objcopy` [*options*] *input* [*output*]
10
11DESCRIPTION
12-----------
13
14:program:`llvm-objcopy` is a tool to copy and manipulate objects. In basic
15usage, it makes a semantic copy of the input to the output. If any options are
16specified, the output may be modified along the way, e.g. by removing sections.
17
18If no output file is specified, the input file is modified in-place. If "-" is
19specified for the input file, the input is read from the program's standard
20input stream. If "-" is specified for the output file, the output is written to
21the standard output stream of the program.
22
23If the input is an archive, any requested operations will be applied to each
24archive member individually.
25
26The tool is still in active development, but in most scenarios it works as a
27drop-in replacement for GNU's :program:`objcopy`.
28
29GENERIC AND CROSS-PLATFORM OPTIONS
30----------------------------------
31
32The following options are either agnostic of the file format, or apply to
33multiple file formats.
34
35.. option:: --add-gnu-debuglink <debug-file>
36
37 Add a .gnu_debuglink section for ``<debug-file>`` to the output.
38
39.. option:: --add-section <section=file>
40
41 Add a section named ``<section>`` with the contents of ``<file>`` to the
42 output. For ELF objects the section will be of type `SHT_NOTE`, if the name
43 starts with ".note". Otherwise, it will have type `SHT_PROGBITS`. Can be
44 specified multiple times to add multiple sections.
45
46 For MachO objects, ``<section>`` must be formatted as
47 ``<segment name>,<section name>``.
48
49.. option:: --binary-architecture <arch>, -B
50
51 Ignored for compatibility.
52
53.. option:: --disable-deterministic-archives, -U
54
55 Use real values for UIDs, GIDs and timestamps when updating archive member
56 headers.
57
58.. option:: --discard-all, -x
59
60 Remove most local symbols from the output. Different file formats may limit
61 this to a subset of the local symbols. For example, file and section symbols in
62 ELF objects will not be discarded. Additionally, remove all debug sections.
63
64.. option:: --dump-section <section>=<file>
65
66 Dump the contents of section ``<section>`` into the file ``<file>``. Can be
67 specified multiple times to dump multiple sections to different files.
68 ``<file>`` is unrelated to the input and output files provided to
69 :program:`llvm-objcopy` and as such the normal copying and editing
70 operations will still be performed. No operations are performed on the sections
71 prior to dumping them.
72
73 For MachO objects, ``<section>`` must be formatted as
74 ``<segment name>,<section name>``.
75
76.. option:: --enable-deterministic-archives, -D
77
78 Enable deterministic mode when copying archives, i.e. use 0 for archive member
79 header UIDs, GIDs and timestamp fields. On by default.
80
81.. option:: --help, -h
82
83 Print a summary of command line options.
84
85.. option:: --only-keep-debug
86
87 Produce a debug file as the output that only preserves contents of sections
88 useful for debugging purposes.
89
90 For ELF objects, this removes the contents of `SHF_ALLOC` sections that are not
91 `SHT_NOTE` by making them `SHT_NOBITS` and shrinking the program headers where
92 possible.
93
94.. option:: --only-section <section>, -j
95
96 Remove all sections from the output, except for sections named ``<section>``.
97 Can be specified multiple times to keep multiple sections.
98
99 For MachO objects, ``<section>`` must be formatted as
100 ``<segment name>,<section name>``.
101
102.. option:: --redefine-sym <old>=<new>
103
104 Rename symbols called ``<old>`` to ``<new>`` in the output. Can be specified
105 multiple times to rename multiple symbols.
106
107.. option:: --redefine-syms <filename>
108
109 Rename symbols in the output as described in the file ``<filename>``. In the
110 file, each line represents a single symbol to rename, with the old name and new
111 name separated by whitespace. Leading and trailing whitespace is ignored, as is
112 anything following a '#'. Can be specified multiple times to read names from
113 multiple files.
114
115.. option:: --regex
116
117 If specified, symbol and section names specified by other switches are treated
118 as extended POSIX regular expression patterns.
119
120.. option:: --remove-section <section>, -R
121
122 Remove the specified section from the output. Can be specified multiple times
123 to remove multiple sections simultaneously.
124
125 For MachO objects, ``<section>`` must be formatted as
126 ``<segment name>,<section name>``.
127
128.. option:: --set-section-alignment <section>=<align>
129
130 Set the alignment of section ``<section>`` to ``<align>``. Can be specified
131 multiple times to update multiple sections.
132
133.. option:: --set-section-flags <section>=<flag>[,<flag>,...]
134
135 Set section properties in the output of section ``<section>`` based on the
136 specified ``<flag>`` values. Can be specified multiple times to update multiple
137 sections.
138
139 Supported flag names are `alloc`, `load`, `noload`, `readonly`, `exclude`,
140 `debug`, `code`, `data`, `rom`, `share`, `contents`, `merge`, `strings`, and
141 `large`. Not all flags are meaningful for all object file formats or target
142 architectures.
143
144 For ELF objects, the flags have the following effects:
145
146 - `alloc` = add the `SHF_ALLOC` flag.
147 - `load` = if the section has `SHT_NOBITS` type, mark it as a `SHT_PROGBITS`
148   section.
149 - `readonly` = if this flag is not specified, add the `SHF_WRITE` flag.
150 - `exclude` = add the `SHF_EXCLUDE` flag.
151 - `code` = add the `SHF_EXECINSTR` flag.
152 - `merge` = add the `SHF_MERGE` flag.
153 - `strings` = add the `SHF_STRINGS` flag.
154 - `contents` = if the section has `SHT_NOBITS` type, mark it as a `SHT_PROGBITS`
155   section.
156 - `large` = add the `SHF_X86_64_LARGE` on x86_64; rejected if the target
157   architecture is not x86_64.
158
159 For COFF objects, the flags have the following effects:
160
161 - `alloc` = add the `IMAGE_SCN_CNT_UNINITIALIZED_DATA` and `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ`
162   flags, unless the `load` flag is specified.
163 - `noload` = add the `IMAGE_SCN_LNK_REMOVE` and `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ` flags.
164 - `readonly` = if this flag is not specified, add the `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_WRITE`
165   flag.
166 - `exclude` = add the `IMAGE_SCN_LNK_REMOVE` and `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ` flags.
167 - `debug` = add the `IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA`,
168   `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_DISCARDABLE` and  `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ` flags.
169 - `code` = add the `IMAGE_SCN_CNT_CODE`, `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_EXECUTE` and
170   `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ` flags.
171 - `data` = add the `IMAGE_SCN_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA` and `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ`
172   flags.
173 - `share` = add the `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_SHARED` and `IMAGE_SCN_MEM_READ` flags.
174
175.. option:: --strip-all-gnu
176
177 Remove all symbols, debug sections and relocations from the output. This option
178 is equivalent to GNU :program:`objcopy`'s ``--strip-all`` switch.
179
180.. option:: --strip-all, -S
181
182 For ELF objects, remove from the output all symbols and non-alloc sections not
183 within segments, except for .gnu.warning, .ARM.attribute sections and the
184 section name table.
185
186 For COFF and Mach-O objects, remove all symbols, debug sections, and
187 relocations from the output.
188
189.. option:: --strip-debug, -g
190
191 Remove all debug sections from the output.
192
193.. option:: --strip-symbol <symbol>, -N
194
195 Remove all symbols named ``<symbol>`` from the output. Can be specified
196 multiple times to remove multiple symbols.
197
198.. option:: --strip-symbols <filename>
199
200 Remove all symbols whose names appear in the file ``<filename>``, from the
201 output. In the file, each line represents a single symbol name, with leading
202 and trailing whitespace ignored, as is anything following a '#'. Can be
203 specified multiple times to read names from multiple files.
204
205.. option:: --strip-unneeded-symbol <symbol>
206
207 Remove from the output all symbols named ``<symbol>`` that are local or
208 undefined and are not required by any relocation.
209
210.. option:: --strip-unneeded-symbols <filename>
211
212 Remove all symbols whose names appear in the file ``<filename>``, from the
213 output, if they are local or undefined and are not required by any relocation.
214 In the file, each line represents a single symbol name, with leading and
215 trailing whitespace ignored, as is anything following a '#'. Can be specified
216 multiple times to read names from multiple files.
217
218.. option:: --strip-unneeded
219
220 Remove from the output all local or undefined symbols that are not required by
221 relocations. Also remove all debug sections.
222
223.. option:: --update-section <name>=<file>
224
225 Replace the contents of the section ``<name>`` with contents from the file
226 ``<file>``. If the section ``<name>`` is part of a segment, the new contents
227 cannot be larger than the existing section.
228
229.. option:: --version, -V
230
231 Display the version of the :program:`llvm-objcopy` executable.
232
233.. option:: --wildcard, -w
234
235  Allow wildcard syntax for symbol-related flags. On by default for
236  section-related flags. Incompatible with --regex.
237
238  Wildcard syntax allows the following special symbols:
239
240  ====================== ========================= ==================
241   Character              Meaning                   Equivalent
242  ====================== ========================= ==================
243  ``*``                  Any number of characters  ``.*``
244  ``?``                  Any single character      ``.``
245  ``\``                  Escape the next character ``\``
246  ``[a-z]``              Character class           ``[a-z]``
247  ``[!a-z]``, ``[^a-z]`` Negated character class   ``[^a-z]``
248  ====================== ========================= ==================
249
250  Additionally, starting a wildcard with '!' will prevent a match, even if
251  another flag matches. For example ``-w -N '*' -N '!x'`` will strip all symbols
252  except for ``x``.
253
254  The order of wildcards does not matter. For example, ``-w -N '*' -N '!x'`` is
255  the same as ``-w -N '!x' -N '*'``.
256
257.. option:: @<FILE>
258
259 Read command-line options and commands from response file `<FILE>`.
260
261ELF-SPECIFIC OPTIONS
262--------------------
263
264The following options are implemented only for ELF objects. If used with other
265objects, :program:`llvm-objcopy` will either emit an error or silently ignore
266them.
267
268.. option:: --add-symbol <name>=[<section>:]<value>[,<flags>]
269
270 Add a new symbol called ``<name>`` to the output symbol table, in the section
271 named ``<section>``, with value ``<value>``. If ``<section>`` is not specified,
272 the symbol is added as an absolute symbol. The ``<flags>`` affect the symbol
273 properties. Accepted values are:
274
275 - `global` = the symbol will have global binding.
276 - `local` = the symbol will have local binding.
277 - `weak` = the symbol will have weak binding.
278 - `default` = the symbol will have default visibility.
279 - `hidden` = the symbol will have hidden visibility.
280 - `protected` = the symbol will have protected visibility.
281 - `file` = the symbol will be an `STT_FILE` symbol.
282 - `section` = the symbol will be an `STT_SECTION` symbol.
283 - `object` = the symbol will be an `STT_OBJECT` symbol.
284 - `function` = the symbol will be an `STT_FUNC` symbol.
285 - `indirect-function` = the symbol will be an `STT_GNU_IFUNC` symbol.
286
287 Additionally, the following flags are accepted but ignored: `debug`,
288 `constructor`, `warning`, `indirect`, `synthetic`, `unique-object`, `before`.
289
290 Can be specified multiple times to add multiple symbols.
291
292.. option:: --allow-broken-links
293
294 Allow :program:`llvm-objcopy` to remove sections even if it would leave invalid
295 section references. Any invalid sh_link fields will be set to zero.
296
297.. option:: --change-start <incr>, --adjust-start
298
299 Add ``<incr>`` to the program's start address. Can be specified multiple
300 times, in which case the values will be applied cumulatively.
301
302.. option:: --compress-debug-sections [<format>]
303
304 Compress DWARF debug sections in the output, using the specified format.
305 Supported formats are ``zlib`` and ``zstd``. Use ``zlib`` if ``<format>`` is omitted.
306
307.. option:: --decompress-debug-sections
308
309 Decompress any compressed DWARF debug sections in the output.
310
311.. option:: --discard-locals, -X
312
313 Remove local symbols starting with ".L" from the output.
314
315.. option:: --extract-dwo
316
317 Remove all sections that are not DWARF .dwo sections from the output.
318
319.. option:: --extract-main-partition
320
321 Extract the main partition from the output.
322
323.. option:: --extract-partition <name>
324
325 Extract the named partition from the output.
326
327.. option:: --globalize-symbol <symbol>
328
329 Mark any defined symbols named ``<symbol>`` as global symbols in the output.
330 Can be specified multiple times to mark multiple symbols.
331
332.. option:: --globalize-symbols <filename>
333
334 Read a list of names from the file ``<filename>`` and mark defined symbols with
335 those names as global in the output. In the file, each line represents a single
336 symbol, with leading and trailing whitespace ignored, as is anything following
337 a '#'. Can be specified multiple times to read names from multiple files.
338
339.. option:: --input-target <format>, -I
340
341 Read the input as the specified format. See `SUPPORTED FORMATS`_ for a list of
342 valid ``<format>`` values. If unspecified, :program:`llvm-objcopy` will attempt
343 to determine the format automatically.
344
345.. option:: --keep-file-symbols
346
347 Keep symbols of type `STT_FILE`, even if they would otherwise be stripped.
348
349.. option:: --keep-global-symbol <symbol>, -G
350
351 Make all symbols local in the output, except for symbols with the name
352 ``<symbol>``. Can be specified multiple times to ignore multiple symbols.
353
354.. option:: --keep-global-symbols <filename>
355
356 Make all symbols local in the output, except for symbols named in the file
357 ``<filename>``. In the file, each line represents a single symbol, with leading
358 and trailing whitespace ignored, as is anything following a '#'. Can be
359 specified multiple times to read names from multiple files.
360
361.. option:: --keep-section <section>
362
363 When removing sections from the output, do not remove sections named
364 ``<section>``. Can be specified multiple times to keep multiple sections.
365
366.. option:: --keep-symbol <symbol>, -K
367
368 When removing symbols from the output, do not remove symbols named
369 ``<symbol>``. Can be specified multiple times to keep multiple symbols.
370
371.. option:: --keep-symbols <filename>
372
373 When removing symbols from the output do not remove symbols named in the file
374 ``<filename>``. In the file, each line represents a single symbol, with leading
375 and trailing whitespace ignored, as is anything following a '#'. Can be
376 specified multiple times to read names from multiple files.
377
378.. option:: --localize-hidden
379
380 Make all symbols with hidden or internal visibility local in the output.
381
382.. option:: --localize-symbol <symbol>, -L
383
384 Mark any defined non-common symbol named ``<symbol>`` as a local symbol in the
385 output. Can be specified multiple times to mark multiple symbols as local.
386
387.. option:: --localize-symbols <filename>
388
389 Read a list of names from the file ``<filename>`` and mark defined non-common
390 symbols with those names as local in the output. In the file, each line
391 represents a single symbol, with leading and trailing whitespace ignored, as is
392 anything following a '#'. Can be specified multiple times to read names from
393 multiple files.
394
395.. option:: --new-symbol-visibility <visibility>
396
397 Specify the visibility of the symbols automatically created when using binary
398 input or :option:`--add-symbol`. Valid options are:
399
400 - `default`
401 - `hidden`
402 - `internal`
403 - `protected`
404
405 The default is `default`.
406
407.. option:: --output-target <format>, -O
408
409 Write the output as the specified format. See `SUPPORTED FORMATS`_ for a list
410 of valid ``<format>`` values. If unspecified, the output format is assumed to
411 be the same as the value specified for :option:`--input-target` or the input
412 file's format if that option is also unspecified.
413
414.. option:: --prefix-alloc-sections <prefix>
415
416 Add ``<prefix>`` to the front of the names of all allocatable sections in the
417 output.
418
419.. option:: --prefix-symbols <prefix>
420
421 Add ``<prefix>`` to the front of every symbol name in the output.
422
423.. option:: --preserve-dates, -p
424
425 Preserve access and modification timestamps in the output.
426
427.. option:: --rename-section <old>=<new>[,<flag>,...]
428
429 Rename sections called ``<old>`` to ``<new>`` in the output, and apply any
430 specified ``<flag>`` values. See :option:`--set-section-flags` for a list of
431 supported flags. Can be specified multiple times to rename multiple sections.
432
433.. option:: --set-section-type <section>=<type>
434
435 Set the type of section ``<section>`` to the integer ``<type>``. Can be
436 specified multiple times to update multiple sections.
437
438.. option:: --set-start-addr <addr>
439
440 Set the start address of the output to ``<addr>``. Overrides any previously
441 specified :option:`--change-start` or :option:`--adjust-start` options.
442
443.. option:: --split-dwo <dwo-file>
444
445 Equivalent to running :program:`llvm-objcopy` with :option:`--extract-dwo` and
446 ``<dwo-file>`` as the output file and no other options, and then with
447 :option:`--strip-dwo` on the input file.
448
449.. option:: --strip-dwo
450
451 Remove all DWARF .dwo sections from the output.
452
453.. option:: --strip-non-alloc
454
455 Remove from the output all non-allocatable sections that are not within
456 segments.
457
458.. option:: --strip-sections
459
460 Remove from the output all section headers and all section data not within
461 segments. Note that many tools will not be able to use an object without
462 section headers.
463
464.. option:: --target <format>, -F
465
466 Equivalent to :option:`--input-target` and :option:`--output-target` for the
467 specified format. See `SUPPORTED FORMATS`_ for a list of valid ``<format>``
468 values.
469
470.. option:: --weaken-symbol <symbol>, -W
471
472 Mark any global symbol named ``<symbol>`` as a weak symbol in the output. Can
473 be specified multiple times to mark multiple symbols as weak.
474
475.. option:: --weaken-symbols <filename>
476
477 Read a list of names from the file ``<filename>`` and mark global symbols with
478 those names as weak in the output. In the file, each line represents a single
479 symbol, with leading and trailing whitespace ignored, as is anything following
480 a '#'. Can be specified multiple times to read names from multiple files.
481
482.. option:: --weaken
483
484 Mark all defined global symbols as weak in the output.
485
486MACH-O-SPECIFIC OPTIONS
487-----------------------
488
489.. option:: --keep-undefined
490
491 Keep undefined symbols, even if they would otherwise be stripped.
492
493COFF-SPECIFIC OPTIONS
494---------------------
495
496.. option:: --subsystem <name>[:<version>]
497
498 Set the PE subsystem, and optionally subsystem version.
499
500SUPPORTED FORMATS
501-----------------
502
503The following values are currently supported by :program:`llvm-objcopy` for the
504:option:`--input-target`, :option:`--output-target`, and :option:`--target`
505options. For GNU :program:`objcopy` compatibility, the values are all bfdnames.
506
507- `binary`
508- `ihex`
509- `elf32-i386`
510- `elf32-x86-64`
511- `elf64-x86-64`
512- `elf32-iamcu`
513- `elf32-littlearm`
514- `elf64-aarch64`
515- `elf64-littleaarch64`
516- `elf32-littleriscv`
517- `elf64-littleriscv`
518- `elf32-powerpc`
519- `elf32-powerpcle`
520- `elf64-powerpc`
521- `elf64-powerpcle`
522- `elf32-bigmips`
523- `elf32-ntradbigmips`
524- `elf32-ntradlittlemips`
525- `elf32-tradbigmips`
526- `elf32-tradlittlemips`
527- `elf64-tradbigmips`
528- `elf64-tradlittlemips`
529- `elf32-sparc`
530- `elf32-sparcel`
531
532Additionally, all targets except `binary` and `ihex` can have `-freebsd` as a
533suffix.
534
535BINARY INPUT AND OUTPUT
536-----------------------
537
538If `binary` is used as the value for :option:`--input-target`, the input file
539will be embedded as a data section in an ELF relocatable object, with symbols
540``_binary_<file_name>_start``, ``_binary_<file_name>_end``, and
541``_binary_<file_name>_size`` representing the start, end and size of the data,
542where ``<file_name>`` is the path of the input file as specified on the command
543line with non-alphanumeric characters converted to ``_``.
544
545If `binary` is used as the value for :option:`--output-target`, the output file
546will be a raw binary file, containing the memory image of the input file.
547Symbols and relocation information will be discarded. The image will start at
548the address of the first loadable section in the output.
549
550EXIT STATUS
551-----------
552
553:program:`llvm-objcopy` exits with a non-zero exit code if there is an error.
554Otherwise, it exits with code 0.
555
556BUGS
557----
558
559To report bugs, please visit <https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/labels/tools:llvm-objcopy/strip/>.
560
561There is a known issue with :option:`--input-target` and :option:`--target`
562causing only ``binary`` and ``ihex`` formats to have any effect. Other values
563will be ignored and :program:`llvm-objcopy` will attempt to guess the input
564format.
565
566SEE ALSO
567--------
568
569:manpage:`llvm-strip(1)`
570