xref: /llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/UndefBranchChecker.cpp (revision f380534a1abb84f829846b7eda21318fa4666df3)
1 //=== UndefBranchChecker.cpp -----------------------------------*- C++ -*--===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file defines UndefBranchChecker, which checks for undefined branch
11 // condition.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "ClangSACheckers.h"
16 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h"
17 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h"
18 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h"
19 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugType.h"
20 
21 using namespace clang;
22 using namespace ento;
23 
24 namespace {
25 
26 class UndefBranchChecker : public Checker<check::BranchCondition> {
27   mutable llvm::OwningPtr<BuiltinBug> BT;
28 
29   struct FindUndefExpr {
30     const ProgramState *St;
31 
32     FindUndefExpr(const ProgramState *S) : St(S) {}
33 
34     const Expr *FindExpr(const Expr *Ex) {
35       if (!MatchesCriteria(Ex))
36         return 0;
37 
38       for (Stmt::const_child_iterator I = Ex->child_begin(),
39                                       E = Ex->child_end();I!=E;++I)
40         if (const Expr *ExI = dyn_cast_or_null<Expr>(*I)) {
41           const Expr *E2 = FindExpr(ExI);
42           if (E2) return E2;
43         }
44 
45       return Ex;
46     }
47 
48     bool MatchesCriteria(const Expr *Ex) { return St->getSVal(Ex).isUndef(); }
49   };
50 
51 public:
52   void checkBranchCondition(const Stmt *Condition, CheckerContext &Ctx) const;
53 };
54 
55 }
56 
57 void UndefBranchChecker::checkBranchCondition(const Stmt *Condition,
58                                               CheckerContext &Ctx) const {
59   SVal X = Ctx.getState()->getSVal(Condition);
60   if (X.isUndef()) {
61     // Generate a sink node, which implicitly marks both outgoing branches as
62     // infeasible.
63     ExplodedNode *N = Ctx.generateSink();
64     if (N) {
65       if (!BT)
66         BT.reset(
67                new BuiltinBug("Branch condition evaluates to a garbage value"));
68 
69       // What's going on here: we want to highlight the subexpression of the
70       // condition that is the most likely source of the "uninitialized
71       // branch condition."  We do a recursive walk of the condition's
72       // subexpressions and roughly look for the most nested subexpression
73       // that binds to Undefined.  We then highlight that expression's range.
74 
75       // Get the predecessor node and check if is a PostStmt with the Stmt
76       // being the terminator condition.  We want to inspect the state
77       // of that node instead because it will contain main information about
78       // the subexpressions.
79 
80       // Note: any predecessor will do.  They should have identical state,
81       // since all the BlockEdge did was act as an error sink since the value
82       // had to already be undefined.
83       assert (!N->pred_empty());
84       const Expr *Ex = cast<Expr>(Condition);
85       ExplodedNode *PrevN = *N->pred_begin();
86       ProgramPoint P = PrevN->getLocation();
87       const ProgramState *St = N->getState();
88 
89       if (PostStmt *PS = dyn_cast<PostStmt>(&P))
90         if (PS->getStmt() == Ex)
91           St = PrevN->getState();
92 
93       FindUndefExpr FindIt(St);
94       Ex = FindIt.FindExpr(Ex);
95 
96       // Emit the bug report.
97       BugReport *R = new BugReport(*BT, BT->getDescription(), N);
98       R->addVisitor(bugreporter::getTrackNullOrUndefValueVisitor(N, Ex));
99       R->addRange(Ex->getSourceRange());
100 
101       Ctx.EmitReport(R);
102     }
103   }
104 }
105 
106 void ento::registerUndefBranchChecker(CheckerManager &mgr) {
107   mgr.registerChecker<UndefBranchChecker>();
108 }
109