xref: /llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/ObjCContainersChecker.cpp (revision f8c36e005a32c9be7d7f27347f738c4dac9b5c09)
1 //== ObjCContainersChecker.cpp - Path sensitive checker for CFArray *- C++ -*=//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // Performs path sensitive checks of Core Foundation static containers like
11 // CFArray.
12 // 1) Check for buffer overflows:
13 //      In CFArrayGetArrayAtIndex( myArray, index), if the index is outside the
14 //      index space of theArray (0 to N-1 inclusive (where N is the count of
15 //      theArray), the behavior is undefined.
16 //
17 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
18 
19 #include "ClangSACheckers.h"
20 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h"
21 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h"
22 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h"
23 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/ProgramStateTrait.h"
24 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/ObjCMessage.h"
25 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugType.h"
26 #include "clang/AST/ParentMap.h"
27 
28 using namespace clang;
29 using namespace ento;
30 
31 namespace {
32 class ObjCContainersChecker : public Checker< check::PreStmt<CallExpr>,
33                                              check::PostStmt<CallExpr> > {
34   mutable llvm::OwningPtr<BugType> BT;
35   inline void initBugType() const {
36     if (!BT)
37       BT.reset(new BugType("CFArray API", "Core Foundation/Objective-C API"));
38   }
39 
40   inline SymbolRef getArraySym(const Expr *E, CheckerContext &C) const {
41     SVal ArrayRef = C.getState()->getSVal(E, C.getLocationContext());
42     SymbolRef ArraySym = ArrayRef.getAsSymbol();
43     assert(ArraySym);
44     return ArraySym;
45   }
46 
47   void addSizeInfo(const Expr *Array, const Expr *Size,
48                    CheckerContext &C) const;
49 
50 public:
51   /// A tag to id this checker.
52   static void *getTag() { static int Tag; return &Tag; }
53 
54   void checkPostStmt(const CallExpr *CE, CheckerContext &C) const;
55   void checkPreStmt(const CallExpr *CE, CheckerContext &C) const;
56 };
57 } // end anonymous namespace
58 
59 // Array state stores the array size on creation (allocation).
60 // Size might be an unsigned or a symbol.
61 struct ArraySize {
62   SVal NLSize;
63   ArraySize(SVal s) : NLSize(s) {}
64   void Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID) const {
65     NLSize.Profile(ID);
66   }
67 };
68 
69 // ProgramState trait - a map from array symbol to it's state.
70 typedef llvm::ImmutableMap<SymbolRef, SVal> ArraySizeM;
71 
72 namespace { struct ArraySizeMap {}; }
73 namespace clang { namespace ento {
74 template<> struct ProgramStateTrait<ArraySizeMap>
75     :  public ProgramStatePartialTrait<ArraySizeM > {
76   static void *GDMIndex() { return ObjCContainersChecker::getTag(); }
77 };
78 }}
79 
80 void ObjCContainersChecker::addSizeInfo(const Expr *Array, const Expr *Size,
81                                         CheckerContext &C) const {
82   ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();
83   SVal SizeV = State->getSVal(Size, C.getLocationContext());
84   // Undefined is reported by another checker.
85   if (SizeV.isUnknownOrUndef())
86     return;
87 
88   // Get the ArrayRef symbol.
89   SVal ArrayRef = State->getSVal(Array, C.getLocationContext());
90   SymbolRef ArraySym = ArrayRef.getAsSymbol();
91   if (!ArraySym)
92     return;
93 
94   C.addTransition(State->set<ArraySizeMap>(ArraySym, SizeV));
95   return;
96 }
97 
98 void ObjCContainersChecker::checkPostStmt(const CallExpr *CE,
99                                           CheckerContext &C) const {
100   StringRef Name = C.getCalleeName(CE);
101   if (Name.empty())
102     return;
103 
104   // Add array size information to the state.
105   if (Name.equals("CFArrayCreate")) {
106     // Note, we can visit the Create method in the post-visit because
107     // the CFIndex parameter is passed in by value and will not be invalidated
108     // by the call.
109     addSizeInfo(CE, CE->getArg(2), C);
110     return;
111   }
112 
113   if (Name.equals("CFArrayGetCount")) {
114     addSizeInfo(CE->getArg(0), CE, C);
115     return;
116   }
117 }
118 
119 void ObjCContainersChecker::checkPreStmt(const CallExpr *CE,
120                                          CheckerContext &C) const {
121   StringRef Name = C.getCalleeName(CE);
122   if (Name.empty())
123     return;
124 
125   // Check the array access.
126   if (Name.equals("CFArrayGetValueAtIndex")) {
127     ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();
128     // Retrieve the size.
129     // Find out if we saw this array symbol before and have information about it.
130     const Expr *ArrayExpr = CE->getArg(0);
131     const SVal *SizeVal = State->get<ArraySizeMap>(getArraySym(ArrayExpr, C));
132     if (!SizeVal)
133       return;
134     DefinedOrUnknownSVal Size = cast<DefinedOrUnknownSVal>(*SizeVal);
135 
136     // Get the index.
137     const Expr *IdxExpr = CE->getArg(1);
138     SVal IdxVal = State->getSVal(IdxExpr, C.getLocationContext());
139     DefinedOrUnknownSVal Idx = cast<DefinedOrUnknownSVal>(IdxVal);
140 
141     // Now, check if 'Idx in [0, Size-1]'.
142     const QualType T = IdxExpr->getType();
143     ProgramStateRef StInBound = State->assumeInBound(Idx, Size, true, T);
144     ProgramStateRef StOutBound = State->assumeInBound(Idx, Size, false, T);
145     if (StOutBound && !StInBound) {
146       ExplodedNode *N = C.generateSink(StOutBound);
147       if (!N)
148         return;
149       initBugType();
150       BugReport *R = new BugReport(*BT, "Index is out of bounds", N);
151       R->addRange(IdxExpr->getSourceRange());
152       C.EmitReport(R);
153       return;
154     }
155   }
156 }
157 
158 /// Register checker.
159 void ento::registerObjCContainersChecker(CheckerManager &mgr) {
160   mgr.registerChecker<ObjCContainersChecker>();
161 }
162