xref: /inferno-os/libmath/fdlibm/e_acos.c (revision 37da2899f40661e3e9631e497da8dc59b971cbd0)
1*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth /* derived from /netlib/fdlibm */
2*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 
3*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth /* @(#)e_acos.c 1.3 95/01/18 */
4*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth /*
5*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * ====================================================
6*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
7*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *
8*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * Developed at SunSoft, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
9*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
10*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
11*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * is preserved.
12*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * ====================================================
13*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  */
14*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 
15*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth /* __ieee754_acos(x)
16*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * Method :
17*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *	acos(x)  = pi/2 - asin(x)
18*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *	acos(-x) = pi/2 + asin(x)
19*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * For |x|<=0.5
20*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *	acos(x) = pi/2 - (x + x*x^2*R(x^2))	(see asin.c)
21*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * For x>0.5
22*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * 	acos(x) = pi/2 - (pi/2 - 2asin(sqrt((1-x)/2)))
23*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *		= 2asin(sqrt((1-x)/2))
24*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *		= 2s + 2s*z*R(z) 	...z=(1-x)/2, s=sqrt(z)
25*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *		= 2f + (2c + 2s*z*R(z))
26*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *     where f=hi part of s, and c = (z-f*f)/(s+f) is the correction term
27*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *     for f so that f+c ~ sqrt(z).
28*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * For x<-0.5
29*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *	acos(x) = pi - 2asin(sqrt((1-|x|)/2))
30*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *		= pi - 0.5*(s+s*z*R(z)), where z=(1-|x|)/2,s=sqrt(z)
31*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *
32*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * Special cases:
33*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *	if x is NaN, return x itself;
34*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *	if |x|>1, return NaN with invalid signal.
35*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  *
36*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  * Function needed: sqrt
37*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth  */
38*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 
39*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth #include "fdlibm.h"
40*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 
41*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth static const double
42*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth one=  1.00000000000000000000e+00, /* 0x3FF00000, 0x00000000 */
43*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pi =  3.14159265358979311600e+00, /* 0x400921FB, 0x54442D18 */
44*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pio2_hi =  1.57079632679489655800e+00, /* 0x3FF921FB, 0x54442D18 */
45*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pio2_lo =  6.12323399573676603587e-17, /* 0x3C91A626, 0x33145C07 */
46*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pS0 =  1.66666666666666657415e-01, /* 0x3FC55555, 0x55555555 */
47*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pS1 = -3.25565818622400915405e-01, /* 0xBFD4D612, 0x03EB6F7D */
48*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pS2 =  2.01212532134862925881e-01, /* 0x3FC9C155, 0x0E884455 */
49*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pS3 = -4.00555345006794114027e-02, /* 0xBFA48228, 0xB5688F3B */
50*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pS4 =  7.91534994289814532176e-04, /* 0x3F49EFE0, 0x7501B288 */
51*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth pS5 =  3.47933107596021167570e-05, /* 0x3F023DE1, 0x0DFDF709 */
52*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth qS1 = -2.40339491173441421878e+00, /* 0xC0033A27, 0x1C8A2D4B */
53*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth qS2 =  2.02094576023350569471e+00, /* 0x40002AE5, 0x9C598AC8 */
54*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth qS3 = -6.88283971605453293030e-01, /* 0xBFE6066C, 0x1B8D0159 */
55*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth qS4 =  7.70381505559019352791e-02; /* 0x3FB3B8C5, 0xB12E9282 */
56*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 
__ieee754_acos(double x)57*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	double __ieee754_acos(double x)
58*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth {
59*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	double z,p,q,r,w,s,c,df;
60*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	int hx,ix;
61*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	hx = __HI(x);
62*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	ix = hx&0x7fffffff;
63*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	if(ix>=0x3ff00000) {	/* |x| >= 1 */
64*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    if(((ix-0x3ff00000)|__LO(x))==0) {	/* |x|==1 */
65*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 		if(hx>0) return 0.0;		/* acos(1) = 0  */
66*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 		else return pi+2.0*pio2_lo;	/* acos(-1)= pi */
67*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    }
68*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    return (x-x)/(x-x);		/* acos(|x|>1) is NaN */
69*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	}
70*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	if(ix<0x3fe00000) {	/* |x| < 0.5 */
71*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    if(ix<=0x3c600000) return pio2_hi+pio2_lo;/*if|x|<2**-57*/
72*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    z = x*x;
73*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    p = z*(pS0+z*(pS1+z*(pS2+z*(pS3+z*(pS4+z*pS5)))));
74*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    q = one+z*(qS1+z*(qS2+z*(qS3+z*qS4)));
75*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    r = p/q;
76*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    return pio2_hi - (x - (pio2_lo-x*r));
77*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	} else  if (hx<0) {		/* x < -0.5 */
78*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    z = (one+x)*0.5;
79*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    p = z*(pS0+z*(pS1+z*(pS2+z*(pS3+z*(pS4+z*pS5)))));
80*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    q = one+z*(qS1+z*(qS2+z*(qS3+z*qS4)));
81*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    s = sqrt(z);
82*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    r = p/q;
83*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    w = r*s-pio2_lo;
84*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    return pi - 2.0*(s+w);
85*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	} else {			/* x > 0.5 */
86*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    z = (one-x)*0.5;
87*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    s = sqrt(z);
88*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    df = s;
89*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    __LO(df) = 0;
90*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    c  = (z-df*df)/(s+df);
91*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    p = z*(pS0+z*(pS1+z*(pS2+z*(pS3+z*(pS4+z*pS5)))));
92*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    q = one+z*(qS1+z*(qS2+z*(qS3+z*qS4)));
93*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    r = p/q;
94*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    w = r*s+c;
95*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	    return 2.0*(df+w);
96*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth 	}
97*37da2899SCharles.Forsyth }
98