xref: /freebsd-src/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision 0c424c90eaa6602e07bca7836b1d178b91f2a88a)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
36 
37 #include "opt_inet.h"
38 #include "opt_inet6.h"
39 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
40 #include "opt_kern_tls.h"
41 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
42 
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/systm.h>
45 #include <sys/arb.h>
46 #include <sys/domain.h>
47 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
48 #include <sys/hhook.h>
49 #endif
50 #include <sys/kernel.h>
51 #ifdef KERN_TLS
52 #include <sys/ktls.h>
53 #endif
54 #include <sys/lock.h>
55 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
56 #include <sys/mutex.h>
57 #include <sys/protosw.h>
58 #include <sys/qmath.h>
59 #include <sys/sdt.h>
60 #include <sys/socket.h>
61 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
62 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
63 #include <sys/stats.h>
64 
65 #include <net/if.h>
66 #include <net/route.h>
67 #include <net/route/nhop.h>
68 #include <net/vnet.h>
69 
70 #include <netinet/in.h>
71 #include <netinet/in_kdtrace.h>
72 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
73 #include <netinet/ip.h>
74 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
75 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
76 #include <netinet/ip_options.h>
77 #ifdef INET6
78 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
79 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
80 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
81 #endif
82 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
83 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
84 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
85 #include <netinet/tcp_log_buf.h>
86 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h>
87 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
88 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
89 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
90 #include <netinet/cc/cc.h>
91 #include <netinet/tcp_fastopen.h>
92 #ifdef TCPPCAP
93 #include <netinet/tcp_pcap.h>
94 #endif
95 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
96 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
97 #endif
98 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
99 #include <netinet/tcp_offload.h>
100 #endif
101 #include <netinet/tcp_ecn.h>
102 
103 #include <netipsec/ipsec_support.h>
104 
105 #include <netinet/udp.h>
106 #include <netinet/udp_var.h>
107 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
108 
109 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
110 
111 VNET_DEFINE(int, path_mtu_discovery) = 1;
112 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, path_mtu_discovery, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
113 	&VNET_NAME(path_mtu_discovery), 1,
114 	"Enable Path MTU Discovery");
115 
116 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_tso) = 1;
117 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, tso, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
118 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_tso), 0,
119 	"Enable TCP Segmentation Offload");
120 
121 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendspace) = 1024*32;
122 #define	V_tcp_sendspace	VNET(tcp_sendspace)
123 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_SENDSPACE, sendspace, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
124 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendspace), 0, "Initial send socket buffer size");
125 
126 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_autosndbuf) = 1;
127 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
128 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_autosndbuf), 0,
129 	"Enable automatic send buffer sizing");
130 
131 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_inc) = 8*1024;
132 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_inc, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
133 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_inc), 0,
134 	"Incrementor step size of automatic send buffer");
135 
136 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_max) = 2*1024*1024;
137 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_max, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
138 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_max), 0,
139 	"Max size of automatic send buffer");
140 
141 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat) = 0;
142 #define	V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat	VNET(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat)
143 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto_lowat, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
144 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat), 0,
145 	"Modify threshold for auto send buffer growth to account for SO_SNDLOWAT");
146 
147 /*
148  * Make sure that either retransmit or persist timer is set for SYN, FIN and
149  * non-ACK.
150  */
151 #define TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, th_flags)			\
152 	KASSERT(((len) == 0 && ((th_flags) & (TH_SYN | TH_FIN)) == 0) ||\
153 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_REXMT) ||				\
154 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_PERSIST),				\
155 	    ("neither rexmt nor persist timer is set"))
156 
157 static void inline	cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp);
158 
159 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
160 /*
161  * Wrapper for the TCP established output helper hook.
162  */
163 void
164 hhook_run_tcp_est_out(struct tcpcb *tp, struct tcphdr *th,
165     struct tcpopt *to, uint32_t len, int tso)
166 {
167 	struct tcp_hhook_data hhook_data;
168 
169 	if (V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT]->hhh_nhooks > 0) {
170 		hhook_data.tp = tp;
171 		hhook_data.th = th;
172 		hhook_data.to = to;
173 		hhook_data.len = len;
174 		hhook_data.tso = tso;
175 
176 		hhook_run_hooks(V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT], &hhook_data,
177 		    tp->osd);
178 	}
179 }
180 #endif
181 
182 /*
183  * CC wrapper hook functions
184  */
185 static void inline
186 cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp)
187 {
188 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tp->t_inpcb);
189 
190 	if (CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle != NULL)
191 		CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle(tp->ccv);
192 }
193 
194 /*
195  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
196  */
197 int
198 tcp_default_output(struct tcpcb *tp)
199 {
200 	struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
201 	int32_t len;
202 	uint32_t recwin, sendwin;
203 	uint16_t flags;
204 	int off, error = 0;	/* Keep compiler happy */
205 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = 0;
206 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = 0;
207 	struct mbuf *m;
208 	struct ip *ip = NULL;
209 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
210 	struct ipovly *ipov = NULL;
211 #endif
212 	struct tcphdr *th;
213 	u_char opt[TCP_MAXOLEN];
214 	unsigned ipoptlen, optlen, hdrlen, ulen;
215 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
216 	unsigned ipsec_optlen = 0;
217 #endif
218 	int idle, sendalot, curticks;
219 	int sack_rxmit, sack_bytes_rxmt;
220 	struct sackhole *p;
221 	int tso, mtu;
222 	struct tcpopt to;
223 	struct udphdr *udp = NULL;
224 	unsigned int wanted_cookie = 0;
225 	unsigned int dont_sendalot = 0;
226 #if 0
227 	int maxburst = TCP_MAXBURST;
228 #endif
229 #ifdef INET6
230 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = NULL;
231 	int isipv6;
232 
233 	isipv6 = (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0;
234 #endif
235 #ifdef KERN_TLS
236 	const bool hw_tls = (so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_TLS_IFNET) != 0;
237 #else
238 	const bool hw_tls = false;
239 #endif
240 
241 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
242 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tp->t_inpcb);
243 
244 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
245 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_TOE)
246 		return (tcp_offload_output(tp));
247 #endif
248 
249 	/*
250 	 * For TFO connections in SYN_SENT or SYN_RECEIVED,
251 	 * only allow the initial SYN or SYN|ACK and those sent
252 	 * by the retransmit timer.
253 	 */
254 	if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
255 	    ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) ||
256 	     (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)) &&
257 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) && /* initial SYN or SYN|ACK sent */
258 	    (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))       /* not a retransmit */
259 		return (0);
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
263 	 * and flags that will be used.
264 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
265 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
266 	 */
267 	idle = (tp->t_flags & TF_LASTIDLE) || (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
268 	if (idle && (((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur) ||
269 	    (tp->t_sndtime && ((ticks - tp->t_sndtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur))))
270 		cc_after_idle(tp);
271 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_LASTIDLE;
272 	if (idle) {
273 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) {
274 			tp->t_flags |= TF_LASTIDLE;
275 			idle = 0;
276 		}
277 	}
278 again:
279 	/*
280 	 * If we've recently taken a timeout, snd_max will be greater than
281 	 * snd_nxt.  There may be SACK information that allows us to avoid
282 	 * resending already delivered data.  Adjust snd_nxt accordingly.
283 	 */
284 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
285 	    SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
286 		tcp_sack_adjust(tp);
287 	sendalot = 0;
288 	tso = 0;
289 	mtu = 0;
290 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
291 	sendwin = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
292 
293 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
294 	/*
295 	 * Send any SACK-generated retransmissions.  If we're explicitly trying
296 	 * to send out new data (when sendalot is 1), bypass this function.
297 	 * If we retransmit in fast recovery mode, decrement snd_cwnd, since
298 	 * we're replacing a (future) new transmission with a retransmission
299 	 * now, and we previously incremented snd_cwnd in tcp_input().
300 	 */
301 	/*
302 	 * Still in sack recovery , reset rxmit flag to zero.
303 	 */
304 	sack_rxmit = 0;
305 	sack_bytes_rxmt = 0;
306 	len = 0;
307 	p = NULL;
308 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) && IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp->t_flags) &&
309 	    (p = tcp_sack_output(tp, &sack_bytes_rxmt))) {
310 		uint32_t cwin;
311 
312 		cwin =
313 		    imax(min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) - sack_bytes_rxmt, 0);
314 		/* Do not retransmit SACK segments beyond snd_recover */
315 		if (SEQ_GT(p->end, tp->snd_recover)) {
316 			/*
317 			 * (At least) part of sack hole extends beyond
318 			 * snd_recover. Check to see if we can rexmit data
319 			 * for this hole.
320 			 */
321 			if (SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, tp->snd_recover)) {
322 				/*
323 				 * Can't rexmit any more data for this hole.
324 				 * That data will be rexmitted in the next
325 				 * sack recovery episode, when snd_recover
326 				 * moves past p->rxmit.
327 				 */
328 				p = NULL;
329 				goto after_sack_rexmit;
330 			} else
331 				/* Can rexmit part of the current hole */
332 				len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin,
333 						   tp->snd_recover - p->rxmit));
334 		} else
335 			len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin, p->end - p->rxmit));
336 		off = p->rxmit - tp->snd_una;
337 		KASSERT(off >= 0,("%s: sack block to the left of una : %d",
338 		    __func__, off));
339 		if (len > 0) {
340 			sack_rxmit = 1;
341 			sendalot = 1;
342 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_rexmits);
343 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sack_rexmit_bytes,
344 			    min(len, tcp_maxseg(tp)));
345 		}
346 	}
347 after_sack_rexmit:
348 	/*
349 	 * Get standard flags, and add SYN or FIN if requested by 'hidden'
350 	 * state flags.
351 	 */
352 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
353 		flags |= TH_FIN;
354 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN)
355 		flags |= TH_SYN;
356 
357 	SOCKBUF_LOCK(&so->so_snd);
358 	/*
359 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
360 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
361 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
362 	 * and go to transmit state.
363 	 */
364 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) {
365 		if (sendwin == 0) {
366 			/*
367 			 * If we still have some data to send, then
368 			 * clear the FIN bit.  Usually this would
369 			 * happen below when it realizes that we
370 			 * aren't sending all the data.  However,
371 			 * if we have exactly 1 byte of unsent data,
372 			 * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
373 			 * and if we are in persist state, we wind
374 			 * up sending the packet without recording
375 			 * that we sent the FIN bit.
376 			 *
377 			 * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
378 			 * because if we don't have any more data
379 			 * to send then the probe will be the FIN
380 			 * itself.
381 			 */
382 			if (off < sbused(&so->so_snd))
383 				flags &= ~TH_FIN;
384 			sendwin = 1;
385 		} else {
386 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
387 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
388 		}
389 	}
390 
391 	/*
392 	 * If snd_nxt == snd_max and we have transmitted a FIN, the
393 	 * offset will be > 0 even if so_snd.sb_cc is 0, resulting in
394 	 * a negative length.  This can also occur when TCP opens up
395 	 * its congestion window while receiving additional duplicate
396 	 * acks after fast-retransmit because TCP will reset snd_nxt
397 	 * to snd_max after the fast-retransmit.
398 	 *
399 	 * In the normal retransmit-FIN-only case, however, snd_nxt will
400 	 * be set to snd_una, the offset will be 0, and the length may
401 	 * wind up 0.
402 	 *
403 	 * If sack_rxmit is true we are retransmitting from the scoreboard
404 	 * in which case len is already set.
405 	 */
406 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
407 		if (sack_bytes_rxmt == 0)
408 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), sendwin) -
409 			    off);
410 		else {
411 			int32_t cwin;
412 
413                         /*
414 			 * We are inside of a SACK recovery episode and are
415 			 * sending new data, having retransmitted all the
416 			 * data possible in the scoreboard.
417 			 */
418 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), tp->snd_wnd) -
419 			    off);
420 			/*
421 			 * Don't remove this (len > 0) check !
422 			 * We explicitly check for len > 0 here (although it
423 			 * isn't really necessary), to work around a gcc
424 			 * optimization issue - to force gcc to compute
425 			 * len above. Without this check, the computation
426 			 * of len is bungled by the optimizer.
427 			 */
428 			if (len > 0) {
429 				cwin = tp->snd_cwnd -
430 					(tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_recover) -
431 					sack_bytes_rxmt;
432 				if (cwin < 0)
433 					cwin = 0;
434 				len = imin(len, cwin);
435 			}
436 		}
437 	}
438 
439 	/*
440 	 * Lop off SYN bit if it has already been sent.  However, if this
441 	 * is SYN-SENT state and if segment contains data and if we don't
442 	 * know that foreign host supports TAO, suppress sending segment.
443 	 */
444 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_una)) {
445 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)
446 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
447 		/*
448 		 * When sending additional segments following a TFO SYN|ACK,
449 		 * do not include the SYN bit.
450 		 */
451 		if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
452 		    (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED))
453 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
454 		off--, len++;
455 	}
456 
457 	/*
458 	 * Be careful not to send data and/or FIN on SYN segments.
459 	 * This measure is needed to prevent interoperability problems
460 	 * with not fully conformant TCP implementations.
461 	 */
462 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT)) {
463 		len = 0;
464 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
465 	}
466 
467 	/*
468 	 * On TFO sockets, ensure no data is sent in the following cases:
469 	 *
470 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN|ACK on a passively-created socket
471 	 *
472 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN on an actively created socket
473 	 *
474 	 *  - When sending a zero-length cookie (cookie request) on an
475 	 *    actively created socket
476 	 *
477 	 *  - When the socket is in the CLOSED state (RST is being sent)
478 	 */
479 	if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
480 	    (((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_rxtshift > 0)) ||
481 	     ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) &&
482 	      (tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len == 0)) ||
483 	     (flags & TH_RST)))
484 		len = 0;
485 	if (len <= 0) {
486 		/*
487 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
488 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
489 		 * len will be < 0.  Otherwise, window shrank
490 		 * after we sent into it.  If window shrank to 0,
491 		 * cancel pending retransmit, pull snd_nxt back
492 		 * to (closed) window, and set the persist timer
493 		 * if it isn't already going.  If the window didn't
494 		 * close completely, just wait for an ACK.
495 		 *
496 		 * We also do a general check here to ensure that
497 		 * we will set the persist timer when we have data
498 		 * to send, but a 0-byte window. This makes sure
499 		 * the persist timer is set even if the packet
500 		 * hits one of the "goto send" lines below.
501 		 */
502 		len = 0;
503 		if ((sendwin == 0) && (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state)) &&
504 			(off < (int) sbavail(&so->so_snd))) {
505 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, 0);
506 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
507 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
508 			if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
509 				tcp_setpersist(tp);
510 		}
511 	}
512 
513 	/* len will be >= 0 after this point. */
514 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
515 
516 	tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(tp, so, sendwin);
517 
518 	/*
519 	 * Decide if we can use TCP Segmentation Offloading (if supported by
520 	 * hardware).
521 	 *
522 	 * TSO may only be used if we are in a pure bulk sending state.  The
523 	 * presence of TCP-MD5, SACK retransmits, SACK advertizements and
524 	 * IP options prevent using TSO.  With TSO the TCP header is the same
525 	 * (except for the sequence number) for all generated packets.  This
526 	 * makes it impossible to transmit any options which vary per generated
527 	 * segment or packet.
528 	 *
529 	 * IPv4 handling has a clear separation of ip options and ip header
530 	 * flags while IPv6 combines both in in6p_outputopts. ip6_optlen() does
531 	 * the right thing below to provide length of just ip options and thus
532 	 * checking for ipoptlen is enough to decide if ip options are present.
533 	 */
534 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
535 	/*
536 	 * Pre-calculate here as we save another lookup into the darknesses
537 	 * of IPsec that way and can actually decide if TSO is ok.
538 	 */
539 #ifdef INET6
540 	if (isipv6 && IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv6))
541 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv6, tp->t_inpcb);
542 #ifdef INET
543 	else
544 #endif
545 #endif /* INET6 */
546 #ifdef INET
547 	if (IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv4))
548 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv4, tp->t_inpcb);
549 #endif /* INET */
550 #endif /* IPSEC */
551 #ifdef INET6
552 	if (isipv6)
553 		ipoptlen = ip6_optlen(tp->t_inpcb);
554 	else
555 #endif
556 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_options)
557 		ipoptlen = tp->t_inpcb->inp_options->m_len -
558 				offsetof(struct ipoption, ipopt_list);
559 	else
560 		ipoptlen = 0;
561 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
562 	ipoptlen += ipsec_optlen;
563 #endif
564 
565 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_TSO) && V_tcp_do_tso && len > tp->t_maxseg &&
566 	    (tp->t_port == 0) &&
567 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) == 0) &&
568 	    tp->rcv_numsacks == 0 && sack_rxmit == 0 &&
569 	    ipoptlen == 0 && !(flags & TH_SYN))
570 		tso = 1;
571 
572 	if (sack_rxmit) {
573 		if (SEQ_LT(p->rxmit + len, tp->snd_una + sbused(&so->so_snd)))
574 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
575 	} else {
576 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una +
577 		    sbused(&so->so_snd)))
578 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
579 	}
580 
581 	recwin = lmin(lmax(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), 0),
582 	    (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale);
583 
584 	/*
585 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.   We transmit under the following
586 	 * conditions when len is non-zero:
587 	 *
588 	 *	- We have a full segment (or more with TSO)
589 	 *	- This is the last buffer in a write()/send() and we are
590 	 *	  either idle or running NODELAY
591 	 *	- we've timed out (e.g. persist timer)
592 	 *	- we have more then 1/2 the maximum send window's worth of
593 	 *	  data (receiver may be limited the window size)
594 	 *	- we need to retransmit
595 	 */
596 	if (len) {
597 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
598 			goto send;
599 		/*
600 		 * As the TCP header options are now
601 		 * considered when setting up the initial
602 		 * window, we would not send the last segment
603 		 * if we skip considering the option length here.
604 		 * Note: this may not work when tcp headers change
605 		 * very dynamically in the future.
606 		 */
607 		if ((((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) ?
608 			PADTCPOLEN(TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) : 0) +
609 		    ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ?
610 			PADTCPOLEN(TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP) : 0) +
611 		    len) >= tp->t_maxseg)
612 			goto send;
613 		/*
614 		 * NOTE! on localhost connections an 'ack' from the remote
615 		 * end may occur synchronously with the output and cause
616 		 * us to flush a buffer queued with moretocome.  XXX
617 		 *
618 		 * note: the len + off check is almost certainly unnecessary.
619 		 */
620 		if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) &&	/* normal case */
621 		    (idle || (tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY)) &&
622 		    (uint32_t)len + (uint32_t)off >= sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
623 		    (tp->t_flags & TF_NOPUSH) == 0) {
624 			goto send;
625 		}
626 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)		/* typ. timeout case */
627 			goto send;
628 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2 && tp->max_sndwnd > 0)
629 			goto send;
630 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))	/* retransmit case */
631 			goto send;
632 		if (sack_rxmit)
633 			goto send;
634 	}
635 
636 	/*
637 	 * Sending of standalone window updates.
638 	 *
639 	 * Window updates are important when we close our window due to a
640 	 * full socket buffer and are opening it again after the application
641 	 * reads data from it.  Once the window has opened again and the
642 	 * remote end starts to send again the ACK clock takes over and
643 	 * provides the most current window information.
644 	 *
645 	 * We must avoid the silly window syndrome whereas every read
646 	 * from the receive buffer, no matter how small, causes a window
647 	 * update to be sent.  We also should avoid sending a flurry of
648 	 * window updates when the socket buffer had queued a lot of data
649 	 * and the application is doing small reads.
650 	 *
651 	 * Prevent a flurry of pointless window updates by only sending
652 	 * an update when we can increase the advertized window by more
653 	 * than 1/4th of the socket buffer capacity.  When the buffer is
654 	 * getting full or is very small be more aggressive and send an
655 	 * update whenever we can increase by two mss sized segments.
656 	 * In all other situations the ACK's to new incoming data will
657 	 * carry further window increases.
658 	 *
659 	 * Don't send an independent window update if a delayed
660 	 * ACK is pending (it will get piggy-backed on it) or the
661 	 * remote side already has done a half-close and won't send
662 	 * more data.  Skip this if the connection is in T/TCP
663 	 * half-open state.
664 	 */
665 	if (recwin > 0 && !(tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) &&
666 	    !(tp->t_flags & TF_DELACK) &&
667 	    !TCPS_HAVERCVDFIN(tp->t_state)) {
668 		/*
669 		 * "adv" is the amount we could increase the window,
670 		 * taking into account that we are limited by
671 		 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
672 		 */
673 		int32_t adv;
674 		int oldwin;
675 
676 		adv = recwin;
677 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt)) {
678 			oldwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
679 			if (adv > oldwin)
680 				adv -= oldwin;
681 			else
682 				adv = 0;
683 		} else
684 			oldwin = 0;
685 
686 		/*
687 		 * If the new window size ends up being the same as or less
688 		 * than the old size when it is scaled, then don't force
689 		 * a window update.
690 		 */
691 		if (oldwin >> tp->rcv_scale >= (adv + oldwin) >> tp->rcv_scale)
692 			goto dontupdate;
693 
694 		if (adv >= (int32_t)(2 * tp->t_maxseg) &&
695 		    (adv >= (int32_t)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) ||
696 		     recwin <= (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 8) ||
697 		     so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat <= 8 * tp->t_maxseg ||
698 		     adv >= TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale))
699 			goto send;
700 		if (2 * adv >= (int32_t)so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat)
701 			goto send;
702 	}
703 dontupdate:
704 
705 	/*
706 	 * Send if we owe the peer an ACK, RST, SYN, or urgent data.  ACKNOW
707 	 * is also a catch-all for the retransmit timer timeout case.
708 	 */
709 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
710 		goto send;
711 	if ((flags & TH_RST) ||
712 	    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) == 0))
713 		goto send;
714 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
715 		goto send;
716 	/*
717 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
718 	 * and we have not yet done so, then we need to send.
719 	 */
720 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
721 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
722 		goto send;
723 	/*
724 	 * In SACK, it is possible for tcp_output to fail to send a segment
725 	 * after the retransmission timer has been turned off.  Make sure
726 	 * that the retransmission timer is set.
727 	 */
728 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
729 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) &&
730 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
731 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
732 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, tp->t_rxtcur);
733 		goto just_return;
734 	}
735 	/*
736 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
737 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
738 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
739 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
740 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
741 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
742 	 *
743 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)
744 	 *	is true when we are in persist state.
745 	 * (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)
746 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
747 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT)
748 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
749 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
750 	 *
751 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
752 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
753 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
754 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
755 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
756 	 */
757 	if (sbavail(&so->so_snd) && !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
758 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
759 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
760 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
761 	}
762 
763 	/*
764 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
765 	 */
766 just_return:
767 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
768 	return (0);
769 
770 send:
771 	SOCKBUF_LOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
772 	if (len > 0) {
773 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
774 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
775 		else
776 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
777 	}
778 	/*
779 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
780 	 * unless TCP set not to do any options.
781 	 * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
782 	 * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
783 	 * link header, i.e.
784 	 *	max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MCLBYTES
785 	 */
786 	optlen = 0;
787 #ifdef INET6
788 	if (isipv6)
789 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr) + sizeof (struct tcphdr);
790 	else
791 #endif
792 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
793 
794 	if (flags & TH_SYN) {
795 		tp->snd_nxt = tp->iss;
796 	}
797 
798 	/*
799 	 * Compute options for segment.
800 	 * We only have to care about SYN and established connection
801 	 * segments.  Options for SYN-ACK segments are handled in TCP
802 	 * syncache.
803 	 */
804 	to.to_flags = 0;
805 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
806 		/* Maximum segment size. */
807 		if (flags & TH_SYN) {
808 			to.to_mss = tcp_mssopt(&tp->t_inpcb->inp_inc);
809 			if (tp->t_port)
810 				to.to_mss -= V_tcp_udp_tunneling_overhead;
811 			to.to_flags |= TOF_MSS;
812 
813 			/*
814 			 * On SYN or SYN|ACK transmits on TFO connections,
815 			 * only include the TFO option if it is not a
816 			 * retransmit, as the presence of the TFO option may
817 			 * have caused the original SYN or SYN|ACK to have
818 			 * been dropped by a middlebox.
819 			 */
820 			if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) &&
821 			    (tp->t_rxtshift == 0)) {
822 				if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) {
823 					to.to_tfo_len = TCP_FASTOPEN_COOKIE_LEN;
824 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
825 					    (u_int8_t *)&tp->t_tfo_cookie.server;
826 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
827 					wanted_cookie = 1;
828 				} else if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) {
829 					to.to_tfo_len =
830 					    tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len;
831 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
832 					    tp->t_tfo_cookie.client;
833 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
834 					wanted_cookie = 1;
835 					/*
836 					 * If we wind up having more data to
837 					 * send with the SYN than can fit in
838 					 * one segment, don't send any more
839 					 * until the SYN|ACK comes back from
840 					 * the other end.
841 					 */
842 					dont_sendalot = 1;
843 				}
844 			}
845 		}
846 		/* Window scaling. */
847 		if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_SCALE)) {
848 			to.to_wscale = tp->request_r_scale;
849 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SCALE;
850 		}
851 		/* Timestamps. */
852 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ||
853 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_TSTMP))) {
854 			curticks = tcp_ts_getticks();
855 			to.to_tsval = curticks + tp->ts_offset;
856 			to.to_tsecr = tp->ts_recent;
857 			to.to_flags |= TOF_TS;
858 			if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1)
859 				tp->t_badrxtwin = curticks;
860 		}
861 
862 		/* Set receive buffer autosizing timestamp. */
863 		if (tp->rfbuf_ts == 0 &&
864 		    (so->so_rcv.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE))
865 			tp->rfbuf_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
866 
867 		/* Selective ACK's. */
868 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) {
869 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
870 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACKPERM;
871 			else if (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
872 			    tp->rcv_numsacks > 0) {
873 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACK;
874 				to.to_nsacks = tp->rcv_numsacks;
875 				to.to_sacks = (u_char *)tp->sackblks;
876 			}
877 		}
878 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
879 		/* TCP-MD5 (RFC2385). */
880 		/*
881 		 * Check that TCP_MD5SIG is enabled in tcpcb to
882 		 * account the size needed to set this TCP option.
883 		 */
884 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE)
885 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SIGNATURE;
886 #endif /* TCP_SIGNATURE */
887 
888 		/* Processing the options. */
889 		hdrlen += optlen = tcp_addoptions(&to, opt);
890 		/*
891 		 * If we wanted a TFO option to be added, but it was unable
892 		 * to fit, ensure no data is sent.
893 		 */
894 		if (IS_FASTOPEN(tp->t_flags) && wanted_cookie &&
895 		    !(to.to_flags & TOF_FASTOPEN))
896 			len = 0;
897 	}
898 	if (tp->t_port) {
899 		if (V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port == 0) {
900 			/* The port was removed?? */
901 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
902 			return (EHOSTUNREACH);
903 		}
904 		hdrlen += sizeof(struct udphdr);
905 	}
906 	/*
907 	 * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
908 	 * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxseg length.
909 	 * Clear the FIN bit because we cut off the tail of
910 	 * the segment.
911 	 */
912 	if (len + optlen + ipoptlen > tp->t_maxseg) {
913 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
914 
915 		if (tso) {
916 			u_int if_hw_tsomax;
917 			u_int moff;
918 			int max_len;
919 
920 			/* extract TSO information */
921 			if_hw_tsomax = tp->t_tsomax;
922 			if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = tp->t_tsomaxsegcount;
923 			if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = tp->t_tsomaxsegsize;
924 
925 			/*
926 			 * Limit a TSO burst to prevent it from
927 			 * overflowing or exceeding the maximum length
928 			 * allowed by the network interface:
929 			 */
930 			KASSERT(ipoptlen == 0,
931 			    ("%s: TSO can't do IP options", __func__));
932 
933 			/*
934 			 * Check if we should limit by maximum payload
935 			 * length:
936 			 */
937 			if (if_hw_tsomax != 0) {
938 				/* compute maximum TSO length */
939 				max_len = (if_hw_tsomax - hdrlen -
940 				    max_linkhdr);
941 				if (max_len <= 0) {
942 					len = 0;
943 				} else if (len > max_len) {
944 					sendalot = 1;
945 					len = max_len;
946 				}
947 			}
948 
949 			/*
950 			 * Prevent the last segment from being
951 			 * fractional unless the send sockbuf can be
952 			 * emptied:
953 			 */
954 			max_len = (tp->t_maxseg - optlen);
955 			if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len) <
956 			    sbavail(&so->so_snd)) {
957 				moff = len % max_len;
958 				if (moff != 0) {
959 					len -= moff;
960 					sendalot = 1;
961 				}
962 			}
963 
964 			/*
965 			 * In case there are too many small fragments
966 			 * don't use TSO:
967 			 */
968 			if (len <= max_len) {
969 				len = max_len;
970 				sendalot = 1;
971 				tso = 0;
972 			}
973 
974 			/*
975 			 * Send the FIN in a separate segment
976 			 * after the bulk sending is done.
977 			 * We don't trust the TSO implementations
978 			 * to clear the FIN flag on all but the
979 			 * last segment.
980 			 */
981 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
982 				sendalot = 1;
983 		} else {
984 			if (optlen + ipoptlen >= tp->t_maxseg) {
985 				/*
986 				 * Since we don't have enough space to put
987 				 * the IP header chain and the TCP header in
988 				 * one packet as required by RFC 7112, don't
989 				 * send it. Also ensure that at least one
990 				 * byte of the payload can be put into the
991 				 * TCP segment.
992 				 */
993 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
994 				error = EMSGSIZE;
995 				sack_rxmit = 0;
996 				goto out;
997 			}
998 			len = tp->t_maxseg - optlen - ipoptlen;
999 			sendalot = 1;
1000 			if (dont_sendalot)
1001 				sendalot = 0;
1002 		}
1003 	} else
1004 		tso = 0;
1005 
1006 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen + ipoptlen <= IP_MAXPACKET,
1007 	    ("%s: len > IP_MAXPACKET", __func__));
1008 
1009 /*#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC*/
1010 #ifdef INET6
1011 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MCLBYTES)
1012 #else
1013 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MHLEN)
1014 #endif
1015 		panic("tcphdr too big");
1016 /*#endif*/
1017 
1018 	/*
1019 	 * This KASSERT is here to catch edge cases at a well defined place.
1020 	 * Before, those had triggered (random) panic conditions further down.
1021 	 */
1022 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
1023 
1024 	/*
1025 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
1026 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
1027 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
1028 	 */
1029 	if (len) {
1030 		struct mbuf *mb;
1031 		struct sockbuf *msb;
1032 		u_int moff;
1033 
1034 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) && len == 1) {
1035 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndprobe);
1036 #ifdef STATS
1037 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1038 				stats_voi_update_abs_u32(tp->t_stats,
1039 				VOI_TCP_RETXPB, len);
1040 			else
1041 				stats_voi_update_abs_u64(tp->t_stats,
1042 				    VOI_TCP_TXPB, len);
1043 #endif /* STATS */
1044 		} else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max) || sack_rxmit) {
1045 			tp->t_sndrexmitpack++;
1046 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndrexmitpack);
1047 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndrexmitbyte, len);
1048 #ifdef STATS
1049 			stats_voi_update_abs_u32(tp->t_stats, VOI_TCP_RETXPB,
1050 			    len);
1051 #endif /* STATS */
1052 		} else {
1053 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndpack);
1054 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndbyte, len);
1055 #ifdef STATS
1056 			stats_voi_update_abs_u64(tp->t_stats, VOI_TCP_TXPB,
1057 			    len);
1058 #endif /* STATS */
1059 		}
1060 #ifdef INET6
1061 		if (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr)
1062 			m = m_getcl(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA, M_PKTHDR);
1063 		else
1064 #endif
1065 			m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1066 
1067 		if (m == NULL) {
1068 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1069 			error = ENOBUFS;
1070 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1071 			goto out;
1072 		}
1073 
1074 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1075 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1076 
1077 		/*
1078 		 * Start the m_copy functions from the closest mbuf
1079 		 * to the offset in the socket buffer chain.
1080 		 */
1081 		mb = sbsndptr_noadv(&so->so_snd, off, &moff);
1082 		if (len <= MHLEN - hdrlen - max_linkhdr && !hw_tls) {
1083 			m_copydata(mb, moff, len,
1084 			    mtod(m, caddr_t) + hdrlen);
1085 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1086 				sbsndptr_adv(&so->so_snd, mb, len);
1087 			m->m_len += len;
1088 		} else {
1089 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1090 				msb = NULL;
1091 			else
1092 				msb = &so->so_snd;
1093 			m->m_next = tcp_m_copym(mb, moff,
1094 			    &len, if_hw_tsomaxsegcount,
1095 			    if_hw_tsomaxsegsize, msb, hw_tls);
1096 			if (len <= (tp->t_maxseg - optlen)) {
1097 				/*
1098 				 * Must have ran out of mbufs for the copy
1099 				 * shorten it to no longer need tso. Lets
1100 				 * not put on sendalot since we are low on
1101 				 * mbufs.
1102 				 */
1103 				tso = 0;
1104 			}
1105 			if (m->m_next == NULL) {
1106 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1107 				(void) m_free(m);
1108 				error = ENOBUFS;
1109 				sack_rxmit = 0;
1110 				goto out;
1111 			}
1112 		}
1113 
1114 		/*
1115 		 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
1116 		 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
1117 		 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
1118 		 * a PUSH comes in.)
1119 		 */
1120 		if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len == sbused(&so->so_snd)) &&
1121 		    !(flags & TH_SYN))
1122 			flags |= TH_PUSH;
1123 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1124 	} else {
1125 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1126 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
1127 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndacks);
1128 		else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
1129 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndctrl);
1130 		else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
1131 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndurg);
1132 		else
1133 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndwinup);
1134 
1135 		m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1136 		if (m == NULL) {
1137 			error = ENOBUFS;
1138 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1139 			goto out;
1140 		}
1141 #ifdef INET6
1142 		if (isipv6 && (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr) &&
1143 		    MHLEN >= hdrlen) {
1144 			M_ALIGN(m, hdrlen);
1145 		} else
1146 #endif
1147 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1148 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1149 	}
1150 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
1151 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = (struct ifnet *)0;
1152 #ifdef MAC
1153 	mac_inpcb_create_mbuf(tp->t_inpcb, m);
1154 #endif
1155 #ifdef INET6
1156 	if (isipv6) {
1157 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
1158 		if (tp->t_port) {
1159 			udp = (struct udphdr *)((caddr_t)ip6 + sizeof(struct ip6_hdr));
1160 			udp->uh_sport = htons(V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port);
1161 			udp->uh_dport = tp->t_port;
1162 			ulen = hdrlen + len - sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
1163 			udp->uh_ulen = htons(ulen);
1164 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(udp + 1);
1165 		} else {
1166 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip6 + 1);
1167 		}
1168 		tcpip_fillheaders(tp->t_inpcb, tp->t_port, ip6, th);
1169 	} else
1170 #endif /* INET6 */
1171 	{
1172 		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
1173 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
1174 		ipov = (struct ipovly *)ip;
1175 #endif
1176 		if (tp->t_port) {
1177 			udp = (struct udphdr *)((caddr_t)ip + sizeof(struct ip));
1178 			udp->uh_sport = htons(V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port);
1179 			udp->uh_dport = tp->t_port;
1180 			ulen = hdrlen + len - sizeof(struct ip);
1181 			udp->uh_ulen = htons(ulen);
1182 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(udp + 1);
1183 		} else
1184 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip + 1);
1185 		tcpip_fillheaders(tp->t_inpcb, tp->t_port, ip, th);
1186 	}
1187 
1188 	/*
1189 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
1190 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
1191 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
1192 	 */
1193 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN &&
1194 	    tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
1195 		tp->snd_nxt--;
1196 	/*
1197 	 * If we are starting a connection, send ECN setup
1198 	 * SYN packet. If we are on a retransmit, we may
1199 	 * resend those bits a number of times as per
1200 	 * RFC 3168.
1201 	 */
1202 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT && V_tcp_do_ecn) {
1203 		flags |= tcp_ecn_output_syn_sent(tp);
1204 	}
1205 	/* Also handle parallel SYN for ECN */
1206 	if ((TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) &&
1207 	    (tp->t_flags2 & TF2_ECN_PERMIT)) {
1208 		int ect = tcp_ecn_output_established(tp, &flags, len);
1209 		if ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) &&
1210 		    (tp->t_flags2 & TF2_ECN_SND_ECE))
1211 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_ECN_SND_ECE;
1212 #ifdef INET6
1213 		if (isipv6) {
1214 			ip6->ip6_flow &= ~htonl(IPTOS_ECN_MASK << 20);
1215 			ip6->ip6_flow |= htonl(ect << 20);
1216 		}
1217 		else
1218 #endif
1219 		{
1220 			ip->ip_tos &= ~IPTOS_ECN_MASK;
1221 			ip->ip_tos |= ect;
1222 		}
1223 	}
1224 
1225 	/*
1226 	 * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
1227 	 * not reflect the first unsent octet.  For ACK only
1228 	 * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
1229 	 * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
1230 	 * of the next unsent octet.  So, if there is no data
1231 	 * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
1232 	 * when filling in ti_seq.  But if we are in persist
1233 	 * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
1234 	 * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
1235 	 * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
1236 	 * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
1237 	 */
1238 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
1239 		if (len || (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) ||
1240 		    tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
1241 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
1242 		else
1243 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_max);
1244 	} else {
1245 		th->th_seq = htonl(p->rxmit);
1246 		p->rxmit += len;
1247 		/*
1248 		 * Lost Retransmission Detection
1249 		 * trigger resending of a (then
1250 		 * still existing) hole, when
1251 		 * fack acks recoverypoint.
1252 		 */
1253 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_LRD) && SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, p->end))
1254 			p->rxmit = tp->snd_recover;
1255 		tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit += len;
1256 	}
1257 	if (IN_RECOVERY(tp->t_flags)) {
1258 		/*
1259 		 * Account all bytes transmitted while
1260 		 * IN_RECOVERY, simplifying PRR and
1261 		 * Lost Retransmit Detection
1262 		 */
1263 		tp->sackhint.prr_out += len;
1264 	}
1265 	th->th_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
1266 	if (optlen) {
1267 		bcopy(opt, th + 1, optlen);
1268 		th->th_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
1269 	}
1270 	tcp_set_flags(th, flags);
1271 	/*
1272 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
1273 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
1274 	 * If a RST segment is sent, advertise a window of zero.
1275 	 */
1276 	if (flags & TH_RST) {
1277 		recwin = 0;
1278 	} else {
1279 		if (recwin < (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) &&
1280 		    recwin < tp->t_maxseg)
1281 			recwin = 0;
1282 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt) &&
1283 		    recwin < (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
1284 			recwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
1285 	}
1286 	/*
1287 	 * According to RFC1323 the window field in a SYN (i.e., a <SYN>
1288 	 * or <SYN,ACK>) segment itself is never scaled.  The <SYN,ACK>
1289 	 * case is handled in syncache.
1290 	 */
1291 	if (flags & TH_SYN)
1292 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)
1293 				(min(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), TCP_MAXWIN)));
1294 	else {
1295 		/* Avoid shrinking window with window scaling. */
1296 		recwin = roundup2(recwin, 1 << tp->rcv_scale);
1297 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)(recwin >> tp->rcv_scale));
1298 	}
1299 
1300 	/*
1301 	 * Adjust the RXWIN0SENT flag - indicate that we have advertised
1302 	 * a 0 window.  This may cause the remote transmitter to stall.  This
1303 	 * flag tells soreceive() to disable delayed acknowledgements when
1304 	 * draining the buffer.  This can occur if the receiver is attempting
1305 	 * to read more data than can be buffered prior to transmitting on
1306 	 * the connection.
1307 	 */
1308 	if (th->th_win == 0) {
1309 		tp->t_sndzerowin++;
1310 		tp->t_flags |= TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1311 	} else
1312 		tp->t_flags &= ~TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1313 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
1314 		th->th_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
1315 		th->th_flags |= TH_URG;
1316 	} else
1317 		/*
1318 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
1319 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
1320 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
1321 		 * number wraparound.
1322 		 */
1323 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
1324 
1325 	/*
1326 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
1327 	 * checksum extended header and data.
1328 	 */
1329 	m->m_pkthdr.len = hdrlen + len; /* in6_cksum() need this */
1330 
1331 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
1332 	if (to.to_flags & TOF_SIGNATURE) {
1333 		/*
1334 		 * Calculate MD5 signature and put it into the place
1335 		 * determined before.
1336 		 * NOTE: since TCP options buffer doesn't point into
1337 		 * mbuf's data, calculate offset and use it.
1338 		 */
1339 		if (!TCPMD5_ENABLED() || (error = TCPMD5_OUTPUT(m, th,
1340 		    (u_char *)(th + 1) + (to.to_signature - opt))) != 0) {
1341 			/*
1342 			 * Do not send segment if the calculation of MD5
1343 			 * digest has failed.
1344 			 */
1345 			m_freem(m);
1346 			goto out;
1347 		}
1348 	}
1349 #endif
1350 #ifdef INET6
1351 	if (isipv6) {
1352 		/*
1353 		 * There is no need to fill in ip6_plen right now.
1354 		 * It will be filled later by ip6_output.
1355 		 */
1356 		if (tp->t_port) {
1357 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_UDP_IPV6;
1358 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct udphdr, uh_sum);
1359 			udp->uh_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6, ulen, IPPROTO_UDP, 0);
1360 			th->th_sum = htons(0);
1361 			UDPSTAT_INC(udps_opackets);
1362 		} else {
1363 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP_IPV6;
1364 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1365 			th->th_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6,
1366 			    sizeof(struct tcphdr) + optlen + len, IPPROTO_TCP,
1367 			    0);
1368 		}
1369 	}
1370 #endif
1371 #if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
1372 	else
1373 #endif
1374 #ifdef INET
1375 	{
1376 		if (tp->t_port) {
1377 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_UDP;
1378 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct udphdr, uh_sum);
1379 			udp->uh_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
1380 			   ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(ulen + IPPROTO_UDP));
1381 			th->th_sum = htons(0);
1382 			UDPSTAT_INC(udps_opackets);
1383 		} else {
1384 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP;
1385 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1386 			th->th_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
1387 			    ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
1388 			    IPPROTO_TCP + len + optlen));
1389 		}
1390 
1391 		/* IP version must be set here for ipv4/ipv6 checking later */
1392 		KASSERT(ip->ip_v == IPVERSION,
1393 		    ("%s: IP version incorrect: %d", __func__, ip->ip_v));
1394 	}
1395 #endif
1396 
1397 	/*
1398 	 * Enable TSO and specify the size of the segments.
1399 	 * The TCP pseudo header checksum is always provided.
1400 	 */
1401 	if (tso) {
1402 		KASSERT(len > tp->t_maxseg - optlen,
1403 		    ("%s: len <= tso_segsz", __func__));
1404 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |= CSUM_TSO;
1405 		m->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz = tp->t_maxseg - optlen;
1406 	}
1407 
1408 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen == m_length(m, NULL),
1409 	    ("%s: mbuf chain shorter than expected: %d + %u != %u",
1410 	    __func__, len, hdrlen, m_length(m, NULL)));
1411 
1412 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
1413 	/* Run HHOOK_TCP_ESTABLISHED_OUT helper hooks. */
1414 	hhook_run_tcp_est_out(tp, th, &to, len, tso);
1415 #endif
1416 
1417 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
1418 	/*
1419 	 * Trace.
1420 	 */
1421 	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG) {
1422 		u_short save = 0;
1423 #ifdef INET6
1424 		if (!isipv6)
1425 #endif
1426 		{
1427 			save = ipov->ih_len;
1428 			ipov->ih_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len /* - hdrlen + (th->th_off << 2) */);
1429 		}
1430 		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, mtod(m, void *), th, 0);
1431 #ifdef INET6
1432 		if (!isipv6)
1433 #endif
1434 		ipov->ih_len = save;
1435 	}
1436 #endif /* TCPDEBUG */
1437 	TCP_PROBE3(debug__output, tp, th, m);
1438 
1439 	/* We're getting ready to send; log now. */
1440 	TCP_LOG_EVENT(tp, th, &so->so_rcv, &so->so_snd, TCP_LOG_OUT, ERRNO_UNK,
1441 	    len, NULL, false);
1442 
1443 	/*
1444 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
1445 	 * send to IP level.  There should be a better way
1446 	 * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
1447 	 * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
1448 	 */
1449 	/*
1450 	 * m->m_pkthdr.len should have been set before checksum calculation,
1451 	 * because in6_cksum() need it.
1452 	 */
1453 #ifdef INET6
1454 	if (isipv6) {
1455 		/*
1456 		 * we separately set hoplimit for every segment, since the
1457 		 * user might want to change the value via setsockopt.
1458 		 * Also, desired default hop limit might be changed via
1459 		 * Neighbor Discovery.
1460 		 */
1461 		ip6->ip6_hlim = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb, NULL);
1462 
1463 		/*
1464 		 * Set the packet size here for the benefit of DTrace probes.
1465 		 * ip6_output() will set it properly; it's supposed to include
1466 		 * the option header lengths as well.
1467 		 */
1468 		ip6->ip6_plen = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len - sizeof(*ip6));
1469 
1470 		if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss)
1471 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1472 		else
1473 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1474 
1475 		if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1476 			TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1477 
1478 		TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1479 
1480 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1481 		/* Save packet, if requested. */
1482 		tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1483 #endif
1484 
1485 		/* TODO: IPv6 IP6TOS_ECT bit on */
1486 		error = ip6_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->in6p_outputopts,
1487 		    &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6,
1488 		    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ?  IP_ROUTETOIF : 0),
1489 		    NULL, NULL, tp->t_inpcb);
1490 
1491 		if (error == EMSGSIZE && tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6.ro_nh != NULL)
1492 			mtu = tp->t_inpcb->inp_route6.ro_nh->nh_mtu;
1493 	}
1494 #endif /* INET6 */
1495 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
1496 	else
1497 #endif
1498 #ifdef INET
1499     {
1500 	ip->ip_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len);
1501 #ifdef INET6
1502 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6PROTO)
1503 		ip->ip_ttl = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb, NULL);
1504 #endif /* INET6 */
1505 	/*
1506 	 * If we do path MTU discovery, then we set DF on every packet.
1507 	 * This might not be the best thing to do according to RFC3390
1508 	 * Section 2. However the tcp hostcache migitates the problem
1509 	 * so it affects only the first tcp connection with a host.
1510 	 *
1511 	 * NB: Don't set DF on small MTU/MSS to have a safe fallback.
1512 	 */
1513 	if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss) {
1514 		tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1515 		if (tp->t_port == 0 || len < V_tcp_minmss) {
1516 			ip->ip_off |= htons(IP_DF);
1517 		}
1518 	} else {
1519 		tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1520 	}
1521 
1522 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1523 		TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1524 
1525 	TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1526 
1527 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1528 	/* Save packet, if requested. */
1529 	tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1530 #endif
1531 
1532 	error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
1533 	    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ? IP_ROUTETOIF : 0), 0,
1534 	    tp->t_inpcb);
1535 
1536 	if (error == EMSGSIZE && tp->t_inpcb->inp_route.ro_nh != NULL)
1537 		mtu = tp->t_inpcb->inp_route.ro_nh->nh_mtu;
1538     }
1539 #endif /* INET */
1540 
1541 out:
1542 	if (error == 0)
1543 		tcp_account_for_send(tp, len, (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max), 0, hw_tls);
1544 	/*
1545 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
1546 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
1547 	 */
1548 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1549 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1550 		tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;
1551 
1552 		/*
1553 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
1554 		 */
1555 		if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) {
1556 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
1557 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1558 			if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1559 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1560 				tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1561 			}
1562 		}
1563 		if (sack_rxmit)
1564 			goto timer;
1565 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
1566 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
1567 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
1568 			/*
1569 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
1570 			 * not currently timing anything.
1571 			 */
1572 			tp->t_sndtime = ticks;
1573 			if (tp->t_rtttime == 0) {
1574 				tp->t_rtttime = ticks;
1575 				tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
1576 				TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_segstimed);
1577 			}
1578 #ifdef STATS
1579 			if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_GPUTINPROG) && len) {
1580 				tp->t_flags |= TF_GPUTINPROG;
1581 				tp->gput_seq = startseq;
1582 				tp->gput_ack = startseq +
1583 				    ulmin(sbavail(&so->so_snd) - off, sendwin);
1584 				tp->gput_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
1585 			}
1586 #endif /* STATS */
1587 		}
1588 
1589 		/*
1590 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
1591 		 * and not doing a pure ack or a keep-alive probe.
1592 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
1593 		 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
1594 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
1595 		 * of retransmit time.
1596 		 */
1597 timer:
1598 		if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1599 		    ((sack_rxmit && tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max) ||
1600 		     (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))) {
1601 			if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1602 				tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
1603 				tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1604 			}
1605 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, tp->t_rxtcur);
1606 		} else if (len == 0 && sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
1607 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1608 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1609 			/*
1610 			 * Avoid a situation where we do not set persist timer
1611 			 * after a zero window condition. For example:
1612 			 * 1) A -> B: packet with enough data to fill the window
1613 			 * 2) B -> A: ACK for #1 + new data (0 window
1614 			 *    advertisement)
1615 			 * 3) A -> B: ACK for #2, 0 len packet
1616 			 *
1617 			 * In this case, A will not activate the persist timer,
1618 			 * because it chose to send a packet. Unless tcp_output
1619 			 * is called for some other reason (delayed ack timer,
1620 			 * another input packet from B, socket syscall), A will
1621 			 * not send zero window probes.
1622 			 *
1623 			 * So, if you send a 0-length packet, but there is data
1624 			 * in the socket buffer, and neither the rexmt or
1625 			 * persist timer is already set, then activate the
1626 			 * persist timer.
1627 			 */
1628 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1629 			tcp_setpersist(tp);
1630 		}
1631 	} else {
1632 		/*
1633 		 * Persist case, update snd_max but since we are in
1634 		 * persist mode (no window) we do not update snd_nxt.
1635 		 */
1636 		int xlen = len;
1637 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
1638 			++xlen;
1639 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1640 			++xlen;
1641 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1642 		}
1643 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + xlen, tp->snd_max))
1644 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + xlen;
1645 	}
1646 	if ((error == 0) &&
1647 	    (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
1648 	     (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
1649 	     tp->rcv_numsacks > 0)) {
1650 		    /* Clean up any DSACK's sent */
1651 		    tcp_clean_dsack_blocks(tp);
1652 	}
1653 	if (error) {
1654 		/* Record the error. */
1655 		TCP_LOG_EVENT(tp, NULL, &so->so_rcv, &so->so_snd, TCP_LOG_OUT,
1656 		    error, 0, NULL, false);
1657 
1658 		/*
1659 		 * We know that the packet was lost, so back out the
1660 		 * sequence number advance, if any.
1661 		 *
1662 		 * If the error is EPERM the packet got blocked by the
1663 		 * local firewall.  Normally we should terminate the
1664 		 * connection but the blocking may have been spurious
1665 		 * due to a firewall reconfiguration cycle.  So we treat
1666 		 * it like a packet loss and let the retransmit timer and
1667 		 * timeouts do their work over time.
1668 		 * XXX: It is a POLA question whether calling tcp_drop right
1669 		 * away would be the really correct behavior instead.
1670 		 */
1671 		if (((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1672 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) &&
1673 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) == 0) &&
1674 		    (error != EPERM)) {
1675 			if (sack_rxmit) {
1676 				p->rxmit -= len;
1677 				tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit -= len;
1678 				KASSERT(tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit >= 0,
1679 				    ("sackhint bytes rtx >= 0"));
1680 			} else
1681 				tp->snd_nxt -= len;
1682 		}
1683 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);	/* Check gotos. */
1684 		switch (error) {
1685 		case EACCES:
1686 		case EPERM:
1687 			tp->t_softerror = error;
1688 			return (error);
1689 		case ENOBUFS:
1690 			TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, flags);
1691 			tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
1692 			return (0);
1693 		case EMSGSIZE:
1694 			/*
1695 			 * For some reason the interface we used initially
1696 			 * to send segments changed to another or lowered
1697 			 * its MTU.
1698 			 * If TSO was active we either got an interface
1699 			 * without TSO capabilits or TSO was turned off.
1700 			 * If we obtained mtu from ip_output() then update
1701 			 * it and try again.
1702 			 */
1703 			if (tso)
1704 				tp->t_flags &= ~TF_TSO;
1705 			if (mtu != 0) {
1706 				tcp_mss_update(tp, -1, mtu, NULL, NULL);
1707 				goto again;
1708 			}
1709 			return (error);
1710 		case EHOSTDOWN:
1711 		case EHOSTUNREACH:
1712 		case ENETDOWN:
1713 		case ENETUNREACH:
1714 			if (TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) {
1715 				tp->t_softerror = error;
1716 				return (0);
1717 			}
1718 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1719 		default:
1720 			return (error);
1721 		}
1722 	}
1723 	TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndtotal);
1724 
1725 	/*
1726 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
1727 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
1728 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
1729 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
1730 	 */
1731 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt + recwin, tp->rcv_adv))
1732 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + recwin;
1733 	tp->last_ack_sent = tp->rcv_nxt;
1734 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW | TF_DELACK);
1735 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_DELACK))
1736 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_DELACK, 0);
1737 #if 0
1738 	/*
1739 	 * This completely breaks TCP if newreno is turned on.  What happens
1740 	 * is that if delayed-acks are turned on on the receiver, this code
1741 	 * on the transmitter effectively destroys the TCP window, forcing
1742 	 * it to four packets (1.5Kx4 = 6K window).
1743 	 */
1744 	if (sendalot && --maxburst)
1745 		goto again;
1746 #endif
1747 	if (sendalot)
1748 		goto again;
1749 	return (0);
1750 }
1751 
1752 void
1753 tcp_setpersist(struct tcpcb *tp)
1754 {
1755 	int t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;
1756 	int tt;
1757 
1758 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_PREVVALID;
1759 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT))
1760 		panic("tcp_setpersist: retransmit pending");
1761 	/*
1762 	 * Start/restart persistence timer.
1763 	 */
1764 	TCPT_RANGESET(tt, t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
1765 		      tcp_persmin, tcp_persmax);
1766 	tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, tt);
1767 	if (tp->t_rxtshift < TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
1768 		tp->t_rxtshift++;
1769 }
1770 
1771 /*
1772  * Insert TCP options according to the supplied parameters to the place
1773  * optp in a consistent way.  Can handle unaligned destinations.
1774  *
1775  * The order of the option processing is crucial for optimal packing and
1776  * alignment for the scarce option space.
1777  *
1778  * The optimal order for a SYN/SYN-ACK segment is:
1779  *   MSS (4) + NOP (1) + Window scale (3) + SACK permitted (2) +
1780  *   Timestamp (10) + Signature (18) = 38 bytes out of a maximum of 40.
1781  *
1782  * The SACK options should be last.  SACK blocks consume 8*n+2 bytes.
1783  * So a full size SACK blocks option is 34 bytes (with 4 SACK blocks).
1784  * At minimum we need 10 bytes (to generate 1 SACK block).  If both
1785  * TCP Timestamps (12 bytes) and TCP Signatures (18 bytes) are present,
1786  * we only have 10 bytes for SACK options (40 - (12 + 18)).
1787  */
1788 int
1789 tcp_addoptions(struct tcpopt *to, u_char *optp)
1790 {
1791 	u_int32_t mask, optlen = 0;
1792 
1793 	for (mask = 1; mask < TOF_MAXOPT; mask <<= 1) {
1794 		if ((to->to_flags & mask) != mask)
1795 			continue;
1796 		if (optlen == TCP_MAXOLEN)
1797 			break;
1798 		switch (to->to_flags & mask) {
1799 		case TOF_MSS:
1800 			while (optlen % 4) {
1801 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1802 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1803 			}
1804 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_MAXSEG)
1805 				continue;
1806 			optlen += TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1807 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_MAXSEG;
1808 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1809 			to->to_mss = htons(to->to_mss);
1810 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_mss, optp, sizeof(to->to_mss));
1811 			optp += sizeof(to->to_mss);
1812 			break;
1813 		case TOF_SCALE:
1814 			while (!optlen || optlen % 2 != 1) {
1815 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1816 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1817 			}
1818 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_WINDOW)
1819 				continue;
1820 			optlen += TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1821 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_WINDOW;
1822 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1823 			*optp++ = to->to_wscale;
1824 			break;
1825 		case TOF_SACKPERM:
1826 			while (optlen % 2) {
1827 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1828 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1829 			}
1830 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED)
1831 				continue;
1832 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1833 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK_PERMITTED;
1834 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1835 			break;
1836 		case TOF_TS:
1837 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1838 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1839 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1840 			}
1841 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP)
1842 				continue;
1843 			optlen += TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1844 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_TIMESTAMP;
1845 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1846 			to->to_tsval = htonl(to->to_tsval);
1847 			to->to_tsecr = htonl(to->to_tsecr);
1848 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsval, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsval));
1849 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsval);
1850 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsecr, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsecr));
1851 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsecr);
1852 			break;
1853 		case TOF_SIGNATURE:
1854 			{
1855 			int siglen = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE - 2;
1856 
1857 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1858 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1859 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1860 			}
1861 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) {
1862 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_SIGNATURE;
1863 				continue;
1864 			}
1865 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1866 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SIGNATURE;
1867 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1868 			to->to_signature = optp;
1869 			while (siglen--)
1870 				 *optp++ = 0;
1871 			break;
1872 			}
1873 		case TOF_SACK:
1874 			{
1875 			int sackblks = 0;
1876 			struct sackblk *sack = (struct sackblk *)to->to_sacks;
1877 			tcp_seq sack_seq;
1878 
1879 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1880 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1881 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1882 			}
1883 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + TCPOLEN_SACK)
1884 				continue;
1885 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACKHDR;
1886 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK;
1887 			sackblks = min(to->to_nsacks,
1888 					(TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen) / TCPOLEN_SACK);
1889 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + sackblks * TCPOLEN_SACK;
1890 			while (sackblks--) {
1891 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->start);
1892 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1893 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1894 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->end);
1895 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1896 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1897 				optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK;
1898 				sack++;
1899 			}
1900 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_send_blocks);
1901 			break;
1902 			}
1903 		case TOF_FASTOPEN:
1904 			{
1905 			int total_len;
1906 
1907 			/* XXX is there any point to aligning this option? */
1908 			total_len = TCPOLEN_FAST_OPEN_EMPTY + to->to_tfo_len;
1909 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < total_len) {
1910 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_FASTOPEN;
1911 				continue;
1912 			}
1913 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_FAST_OPEN;
1914 			*optp++ = total_len;
1915 			if (to->to_tfo_len > 0) {
1916 				bcopy(to->to_tfo_cookie, optp, to->to_tfo_len);
1917 				optp += to->to_tfo_len;
1918 			}
1919 			optlen += total_len;
1920 			break;
1921 			}
1922 		default:
1923 			panic("%s: unknown TCP option type", __func__);
1924 			break;
1925 		}
1926 	}
1927 
1928 	/* Terminate and pad TCP options to a 4 byte boundary. */
1929 	if (optlen % 4) {
1930 		optlen += TCPOLEN_EOL;
1931 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
1932 	}
1933 	/*
1934 	 * According to RFC 793 (STD0007):
1935 	 *   "The content of the header beyond the End-of-Option option
1936 	 *    must be header padding (i.e., zero)."
1937 	 *   and later: "The padding is composed of zeros."
1938 	 */
1939 	while (optlen % 4) {
1940 		optlen += TCPOLEN_PAD;
1941 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_PAD;
1942 	}
1943 
1944 	KASSERT(optlen <= TCP_MAXOLEN, ("%s: TCP options too long", __func__));
1945 	return (optlen);
1946 }
1947 
1948 /*
1949  * This is a copy of m_copym(), taking the TSO segment size/limit
1950  * constraints into account, and advancing the sndptr as it goes.
1951  */
1952 struct mbuf *
1953 tcp_m_copym(struct mbuf *m, int32_t off0, int32_t *plen,
1954     int32_t seglimit, int32_t segsize, struct sockbuf *sb, bool hw_tls)
1955 {
1956 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1957 	struct ktls_session *tls, *ntls;
1958 	struct mbuf *start;
1959 #endif
1960 	struct mbuf *n, **np;
1961 	struct mbuf *top;
1962 	int32_t off = off0;
1963 	int32_t len = *plen;
1964 	int32_t fragsize;
1965 	int32_t len_cp = 0;
1966 	int32_t *pkthdrlen;
1967 	uint32_t mlen, frags;
1968 	bool copyhdr;
1969 
1970 	KASSERT(off >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative off %d", off));
1971 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative len %d", len));
1972 	if (off == 0 && m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
1973 		copyhdr = true;
1974 	else
1975 		copyhdr = false;
1976 	while (off > 0) {
1977 		KASSERT(m != NULL, ("tcp_m_copym, offset > size of mbuf chain"));
1978 		if (off < m->m_len)
1979 			break;
1980 		off -= m->m_len;
1981 		if ((sb) && (m == sb->sb_sndptr)) {
1982 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
1983 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
1984 		}
1985 		m = m->m_next;
1986 	}
1987 	np = &top;
1988 	top = NULL;
1989 	pkthdrlen = NULL;
1990 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1991 	if (hw_tls && (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG))
1992 		tls = m->m_epg_tls;
1993 	else
1994 		tls = NULL;
1995 	start = m;
1996 #endif
1997 	while (len > 0) {
1998 		if (m == NULL) {
1999 			KASSERT(len == M_COPYALL,
2000 			    ("tcp_m_copym, length > size of mbuf chain"));
2001 			*plen = len_cp;
2002 			if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2003 				*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2004 			break;
2005 		}
2006 #ifdef KERN_TLS
2007 		if (hw_tls) {
2008 			if (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG)
2009 				ntls = m->m_epg_tls;
2010 			else
2011 				ntls = NULL;
2012 
2013 			/*
2014 			 * Avoid mixing TLS records with handshake
2015 			 * data or TLS records from different
2016 			 * sessions.
2017 			 */
2018 			if (tls != ntls) {
2019 				MPASS(m != start);
2020 				*plen = len_cp;
2021 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2022 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2023 				break;
2024 			}
2025 		}
2026 #endif
2027 		mlen = min(len, m->m_len - off);
2028 		if (seglimit) {
2029 			/*
2030 			 * For M_EXTPG mbufs, add 3 segments
2031 			 * + 1 in case we are crossing page boundaries
2032 			 * + 2 in case the TLS hdr/trailer are used
2033 			 * It is cheaper to just add the segments
2034 			 * than it is to take the cache miss to look
2035 			 * at the mbuf ext_pgs state in detail.
2036 			 */
2037 			if (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG) {
2038 				fragsize = min(segsize, PAGE_SIZE);
2039 				frags = 3;
2040 			} else {
2041 				fragsize = segsize;
2042 				frags = 0;
2043 			}
2044 
2045 			/* Break if we really can't fit anymore. */
2046 			if ((frags + 1) >= seglimit) {
2047 				*plen =	len_cp;
2048 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2049 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2050 				break;
2051 			}
2052 
2053 			/*
2054 			 * Reduce size if you can't copy the whole
2055 			 * mbuf. If we can't copy the whole mbuf, also
2056 			 * adjust len so the loop will end after this
2057 			 * mbuf.
2058 			 */
2059 			if ((frags + howmany(mlen, fragsize)) >= seglimit) {
2060 				mlen = (seglimit - frags - 1) * fragsize;
2061 				len = mlen;
2062 				*plen = len_cp + len;
2063 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2064 					*pkthdrlen = *plen;
2065 			}
2066 			frags += howmany(mlen, fragsize);
2067 			if (frags == 0)
2068 				frags++;
2069 			seglimit -= frags;
2070 			KASSERT(seglimit > 0,
2071 			    ("%s: seglimit went too low", __func__));
2072 		}
2073 		if (copyhdr)
2074 			n = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
2075 		else
2076 			n = m_get(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
2077 		*np = n;
2078 		if (n == NULL)
2079 			goto nospace;
2080 		if (copyhdr) {
2081 			if (!m_dup_pkthdr(n, m, M_NOWAIT))
2082 				goto nospace;
2083 			if (len == M_COPYALL)
2084 				n->m_pkthdr.len -= off0;
2085 			else
2086 				n->m_pkthdr.len = len;
2087 			pkthdrlen = &n->m_pkthdr.len;
2088 			copyhdr = false;
2089 		}
2090 		n->m_len = mlen;
2091 		len_cp += n->m_len;
2092 		if (m->m_flags & (M_EXT|M_EXTPG)) {
2093 			n->m_data = m->m_data + off;
2094 			mb_dupcl(n, m);
2095 		} else
2096 			bcopy(mtod(m, caddr_t)+off, mtod(n, caddr_t),
2097 			    (u_int)n->m_len);
2098 
2099 		if (sb && (sb->sb_sndptr == m) &&
2100 		    ((n->m_len + off) >= m->m_len) && m->m_next) {
2101 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
2102 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
2103 		}
2104 		off = 0;
2105 		if (len != M_COPYALL) {
2106 			len -= n->m_len;
2107 		}
2108 		m = m->m_next;
2109 		np = &n->m_next;
2110 	}
2111 	return (top);
2112 nospace:
2113 	m_freem(top);
2114 	return (NULL);
2115 }
2116 
2117 void
2118 tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(struct tcpcb *tp, struct socket *so, uint32_t sendwin)
2119 {
2120 
2121 	/*
2122 	 * Automatic sizing of send socket buffer.  Often the send buffer
2123 	 * size is not optimally adjusted to the actual network conditions
2124 	 * at hand (delay bandwidth product).  Setting the buffer size too
2125 	 * small limits throughput on links with high bandwidth and high
2126 	 * delay (eg. trans-continental/oceanic links).  Setting the
2127 	 * buffer size too big consumes too much real kernel memory,
2128 	 * especially with many connections on busy servers.
2129 	 *
2130 	 * The criteria to step up the send buffer one notch are:
2131 	 *  1. receive window of remote host is larger than send buffer
2132 	 *     (with a fudge factor of 5/4th);
2133 	 *  2. send buffer is filled to 7/8th with data (so we actually
2134 	 *     have data to make use of it);
2135 	 *  3. send buffer fill has not hit maximal automatic size;
2136 	 *  4. our send window (slow start and cogestion controlled) is
2137 	 *     larger than sent but unacknowledged data in send buffer.
2138 	 *
2139 	 * The remote host receive window scaling factor may limit the
2140 	 * growing of the send buffer before it reaches its allowed
2141 	 * maximum.
2142 	 *
2143 	 * It scales directly with slow start or congestion window
2144 	 * and does at most one step per received ACK.  This fast
2145 	 * scaling has the drawback of growing the send buffer beyond
2146 	 * what is strictly necessary to make full use of a given
2147 	 * delay*bandwidth product.  However testing has shown this not
2148 	 * to be much of an problem.  At worst we are trading wasting
2149 	 * of available bandwidth (the non-use of it) for wasting some
2150 	 * socket buffer memory.
2151 	 *
2152 	 * TODO: Shrink send buffer during idle periods together
2153 	 * with congestion window.  Requires another timer.  Has to
2154 	 * wait for upcoming tcp timer rewrite.
2155 	 *
2156 	 * XXXGL: should there be used sbused() or sbavail()?
2157 	 */
2158 	if (V_tcp_do_autosndbuf && so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE) {
2159 		int lowat;
2160 
2161 		lowat = V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat ? so->so_snd.sb_lowat : 0;
2162 		if ((tp->snd_wnd / 4 * 5) >= so->so_snd.sb_hiwat - lowat &&
2163 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) >=
2164 		    (so->so_snd.sb_hiwat / 8 * 7) - lowat &&
2165 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) < V_tcp_autosndbuf_max &&
2166 		    sendwin >= (sbused(&so->so_snd) -
2167 		    (tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una))) {
2168 			if (!sbreserve_locked(&so->so_snd,
2169 			    min(so->so_snd.sb_hiwat + V_tcp_autosndbuf_inc,
2170 			     V_tcp_autosndbuf_max), so, curthread))
2171 				so->so_snd.sb_flags &= ~SB_AUTOSIZE;
2172 		}
2173 	}
2174 }
2175