1*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* 2*f3087befSAndrew Turner * Single-precision vector 10^x function. 3*f3087befSAndrew Turner * 4*f3087befSAndrew Turner * Copyright (c) 2023-2024, Arm Limited. 5*f3087befSAndrew Turner * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception 6*f3087befSAndrew Turner */ 7*f3087befSAndrew Turner 8*f3087befSAndrew Turner #define _GNU_SOURCE 9*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "v_math.h" 10*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "test_sig.h" 11*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "test_defs.h" 12*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "v_poly_f32.h" 13*f3087befSAndrew Turner 14*f3087befSAndrew Turner #define ScaleBound 192.0f 15*f3087befSAndrew Turner 16*f3087befSAndrew Turner static const struct data 17*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 18*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t c0, c1, c3; 19*f3087befSAndrew Turner float log10_2_high, log10_2_low, c2, c4; 20*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t inv_log10_2, special_bound; 21*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint32x4_t exponent_bias, special_offset, special_bias; 22*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if !WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 23*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t scale_thresh; 24*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 25*f3087befSAndrew Turner } data = { 26*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Coefficients generated using Remez algorithm with minimisation of relative 27*f3087befSAndrew Turner error. 28*f3087befSAndrew Turner rel error: 0x1.89dafa3p-24 29*f3087befSAndrew Turner abs error: 0x1.167d55p-23 in [-log10(2)/2, log10(2)/2] 30*f3087befSAndrew Turner maxerr: 1.85943 +0.5 ulp. */ 31*f3087befSAndrew Turner .c0 = V4 (0x1.26bb16p+1f), 32*f3087befSAndrew Turner .c1 = V4 (0x1.5350d2p+1f), 33*f3087befSAndrew Turner .c2 = 0x1.04744ap+1f, 34*f3087befSAndrew Turner .c3 = V4 (0x1.2d8176p+0f), 35*f3087befSAndrew Turner .c4 = 0x1.12b41ap-1f, 36*f3087befSAndrew Turner .inv_log10_2 = V4 (0x1.a934fp+1), 37*f3087befSAndrew Turner .log10_2_high = 0x1.344136p-2, 38*f3087befSAndrew Turner .log10_2_low = 0x1.ec10cp-27, 39*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* rint (log2 (2^127 / (1 + sqrt (2)))). */ 40*f3087befSAndrew Turner .special_bound = V4 (126.0f), 41*f3087befSAndrew Turner .exponent_bias = V4 (0x3f800000), 42*f3087befSAndrew Turner .special_offset = V4 (0x82000000), 43*f3087befSAndrew Turner .special_bias = V4 (0x7f000000), 44*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if !WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 45*f3087befSAndrew Turner .scale_thresh = V4 (ScaleBound) 46*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 47*f3087befSAndrew Turner }; 48*f3087befSAndrew Turner 49*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 50*f3087befSAndrew Turner 51*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define SpecialBound 38.0f /* rint(log10(2^127)). */ 52*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define TinyBound v_u32 (0x20000000) /* asuint (0x1p-63). */ 53*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define BigBound v_u32 (0x42180000) /* asuint (SpecialBound). */ 54*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define Thres v_u32 (0x22180000) /* BigBound - TinyBound. */ 55*f3087befSAndrew Turner 56*f3087befSAndrew Turner static float32x4_t VPCS_ATTR NOINLINE 57*f3087befSAndrew Turner special_case (float32x4_t x, float32x4_t y, uint32x4_t cmp) 58*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 59*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* If fenv exceptions are to be triggered correctly, fall back to the scalar 60*f3087befSAndrew Turner routine to special lanes. */ 61*f3087befSAndrew Turner return v_call_f32 (exp10f, x, y, cmp); 62*f3087befSAndrew Turner } 63*f3087befSAndrew Turner 64*f3087befSAndrew Turner #else 65*f3087befSAndrew Turner 66*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define SpecialBound 126.0f 67*f3087befSAndrew Turner 68*f3087befSAndrew Turner static float32x4_t VPCS_ATTR NOINLINE 69*f3087befSAndrew Turner special_case (float32x4_t poly, float32x4_t n, uint32x4_t e, uint32x4_t cmp1, 70*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t scale, const struct data *d) 71*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 72*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* 2^n may overflow, break it up into s1*s2. */ 73*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint32x4_t b = vandq_u32 (vclezq_f32 (n), d->special_offset); 74*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t s1 = vreinterpretq_f32_u32 (vaddq_u32 (b, d->special_bias)); 75*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t s2 = vreinterpretq_f32_u32 (vsubq_u32 (e, b)); 76*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint32x4_t cmp2 = vcagtq_f32 (n, d->scale_thresh); 77*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t r2 = vmulq_f32 (s1, s1); 78*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t r1 = vmulq_f32 (vfmaq_f32 (s2, poly, s2), s1); 79*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Similar to r1 but avoids double rounding in the subnormal range. */ 80*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t r0 = vfmaq_f32 (scale, poly, scale); 81*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t r = vbslq_f32 (cmp1, r1, r0); 82*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vbslq_f32 (cmp2, r2, r); 83*f3087befSAndrew Turner } 84*f3087befSAndrew Turner 85*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 86*f3087befSAndrew Turner 87*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Fast vector implementation of single-precision exp10. 88*f3087befSAndrew Turner Algorithm is accurate to 2.36 ULP. 89*f3087befSAndrew Turner _ZGVnN4v_exp10f(0x1.be2b36p+1) got 0x1.7e79c4p+11 90*f3087befSAndrew Turner want 0x1.7e79cp+11. */ 91*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t VPCS_ATTR NOINLINE V_NAME_F1 (exp10) (float32x4_t x) 92*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 93*f3087befSAndrew Turner const struct data *d = ptr_barrier (&data); 94*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 95*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* asuint(x) - TinyBound >= BigBound - TinyBound. */ 96*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint32x4_t cmp = vcgeq_u32 ( 97*f3087befSAndrew Turner vsubq_u32 (vreinterpretq_u32_f32 (vabsq_f32 (x)), TinyBound), Thres); 98*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t xm = x; 99*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* If any lanes are special, mask them with 1 and retain a copy of x to allow 100*f3087befSAndrew Turner special case handler to fix special lanes later. This is only necessary if 101*f3087befSAndrew Turner fenv exceptions are to be triggered correctly. */ 102*f3087befSAndrew Turner if (unlikely (v_any_u32 (cmp))) 103*f3087befSAndrew Turner x = v_zerofy_f32 (x, cmp); 104*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 105*f3087befSAndrew Turner 106*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* exp10(x) = 2^n * 10^r = 2^n * (1 + poly (r)), 107*f3087befSAndrew Turner with poly(r) in [1/sqrt(2), sqrt(2)] and 108*f3087befSAndrew Turner x = r + n * log10 (2), with r in [-log10(2)/2, log10(2)/2]. */ 109*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t log10_2_c24 = vld1q_f32 (&d->log10_2_high); 110*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t n = vrndaq_f32 (vmulq_f32 (x, d->inv_log10_2)); 111*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t r = vfmsq_laneq_f32 (x, n, log10_2_c24, 0); 112*f3087befSAndrew Turner r = vfmaq_laneq_f32 (r, n, log10_2_c24, 1); 113*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint32x4_t e = vshlq_n_u32 (vreinterpretq_u32_s32 (vcvtaq_s32_f32 (n)), 23); 114*f3087befSAndrew Turner 115*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t scale = vreinterpretq_f32_u32 (vaddq_u32 (e, d->exponent_bias)); 116*f3087befSAndrew Turner 117*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if !WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 118*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint32x4_t cmp = vcagtq_f32 (n, d->special_bound); 119*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 120*f3087befSAndrew Turner 121*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t r2 = vmulq_f32 (r, r); 122*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t p12 = vfmaq_laneq_f32 (d->c1, r, log10_2_c24, 2); 123*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t p34 = vfmaq_laneq_f32 (d->c3, r, log10_2_c24, 3); 124*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t p14 = vfmaq_f32 (p12, r2, p34); 125*f3087befSAndrew Turner float32x4_t poly = vfmaq_f32 (vmulq_f32 (r, d->c0), p14, r2); 126*f3087befSAndrew Turner 127*f3087befSAndrew Turner if (unlikely (v_any_u32 (cmp))) 128*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 129*f3087befSAndrew Turner return special_case (xm, vfmaq_f32 (scale, poly, scale), cmp); 130*f3087befSAndrew Turner #else 131*f3087befSAndrew Turner return special_case (poly, n, e, cmp, scale, d); 132*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 133*f3087befSAndrew Turner 134*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vfmaq_f32 (scale, poly, scale); 135*f3087befSAndrew Turner } 136*f3087befSAndrew Turner 137*f3087befSAndrew Turner HALF_WIDTH_ALIAS_F1 (exp10) 138*f3087befSAndrew Turner 139*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if WANT_EXP10_TESTS 140*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SIG (S, F, 1, exp10, -9.9, 9.9) 141*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SIG (V, F, 1, exp10, -9.9, 9.9) 142*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_ULP (V_NAME_F1 (exp10), 1.86) 143*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_DISABLE_FENV_IF_NOT (V_NAME_F1 (exp10), WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT) 144*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_F1 (exp10), 0, SpecialBound, 5000) 145*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_F1 (exp10), SpecialBound, ScaleBound, 5000) 146*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_F1 (exp10), ScaleBound, inf, 10000) 147*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 148