1*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* 2*f3087befSAndrew Turner * Double-precision vector 10^x function. 3*f3087befSAndrew Turner * 4*f3087befSAndrew Turner * Copyright (c) 2023-2024, Arm Limited. 5*f3087befSAndrew Turner * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception 6*f3087befSAndrew Turner */ 7*f3087befSAndrew Turner 8*f3087befSAndrew Turner #define _GNU_SOURCE 9*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "mathlib.h" 10*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "v_math.h" 11*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "test_sig.h" 12*f3087befSAndrew Turner #include "test_defs.h" 13*f3087befSAndrew Turner 14*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Value of |x| above which scale overflows without special treatment. */ 15*f3087befSAndrew Turner #define SpecialBound 306.0 /* floor (log10 (2^1023)) - 1. */ 16*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Value of n above which scale overflows even with special treatment. */ 17*f3087befSAndrew Turner #define ScaleBound 163840.0 /* 1280.0 * N. */ 18*f3087befSAndrew Turner 19*f3087befSAndrew Turner const static struct data 20*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 21*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t poly[4]; 22*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t log10_2, log2_10_hi, log2_10_lo, shift; 23*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if !WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 24*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t special_bound, scale_thresh; 25*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 26*f3087befSAndrew Turner } data = { 27*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Coefficients generated using Remez algorithm. 28*f3087befSAndrew Turner rel error: 0x1.5ddf8f28p-54 29*f3087befSAndrew Turner abs error: 0x1.5ed266c8p-54 in [ -log10(2)/256, log10(2)/256 ] 30*f3087befSAndrew Turner maxerr: 1.14432 +0.5 ulp. */ 31*f3087befSAndrew Turner .poly = { V2 (0x1.26bb1bbb5524p1), V2 (0x1.53524c73cecdap1), 32*f3087befSAndrew Turner V2 (0x1.047060efb781cp1), V2 (0x1.2bd76040f0d16p0) }, 33*f3087befSAndrew Turner .log10_2 = V2 (0x1.a934f0979a371p8), /* N/log2(10). */ 34*f3087befSAndrew Turner .log2_10_hi = V2 (0x1.34413509f79ffp-9), /* log2(10)/N. */ 35*f3087befSAndrew Turner .log2_10_lo = V2 (-0x1.9dc1da994fd21p-66), 36*f3087befSAndrew Turner .shift = V2 (0x1.8p+52), 37*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if !WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 38*f3087befSAndrew Turner .scale_thresh = V2 (ScaleBound), 39*f3087befSAndrew Turner .special_bound = V2 (SpecialBound), 40*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 41*f3087befSAndrew Turner }; 42*f3087befSAndrew Turner 43*f3087befSAndrew Turner #define N (1 << V_EXP_TABLE_BITS) 44*f3087befSAndrew Turner #define IndexMask v_u64 (N - 1) 45*f3087befSAndrew Turner 46*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 47*f3087befSAndrew Turner 48*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define TinyBound v_u64 (0x2000000000000000) /* asuint64 (0x1p-511). */ 49*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define BigBound v_u64 (0x4070000000000000) /* asuint64 (0x1p8). */ 50*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define Thres v_u64 (0x2070000000000000) /* BigBound - TinyBound. */ 51*f3087befSAndrew Turner 52*f3087befSAndrew Turner static float64x2_t VPCS_ATTR NOINLINE 53*f3087befSAndrew Turner special_case (float64x2_t x, float64x2_t y, uint64x2_t cmp) 54*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 55*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* If fenv exceptions are to be triggered correctly, fall back to the scalar 56*f3087befSAndrew Turner routine for special lanes. */ 57*f3087befSAndrew Turner return v_call_f64 (exp10, x, y, cmp); 58*f3087befSAndrew Turner } 59*f3087befSAndrew Turner 60*f3087befSAndrew Turner #else 61*f3087befSAndrew Turner 62*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define SpecialOffset v_u64 (0x6000000000000000) /* 0x1p513. */ 63*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* SpecialBias1 + SpecialBias1 = asuint(1.0). */ 64*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define SpecialBias1 v_u64 (0x7000000000000000) /* 0x1p769. */ 65*f3087befSAndrew Turner # define SpecialBias2 v_u64 (0x3010000000000000) /* 0x1p-254. */ 66*f3087befSAndrew Turner 67*f3087befSAndrew Turner static inline float64x2_t VPCS_ATTR 68*f3087befSAndrew Turner special_case (float64x2_t s, float64x2_t y, float64x2_t n, 69*f3087befSAndrew Turner const struct data *d) 70*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 71*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* 2^(n/N) may overflow, break it up into s1*s2. */ 72*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t b = vandq_u64 (vcltzq_f64 (n), SpecialOffset); 73*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t s1 = vreinterpretq_f64_u64 (vsubq_u64 (SpecialBias1, b)); 74*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t s2 = vreinterpretq_f64_u64 ( 75*f3087befSAndrew Turner vaddq_u64 (vsubq_u64 (vreinterpretq_u64_f64 (s), SpecialBias2), b)); 76*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t cmp = vcagtq_f64 (n, d->scale_thresh); 77*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t r1 = vmulq_f64 (s1, s1); 78*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t r0 = vmulq_f64 (vfmaq_f64 (s2, y, s2), s1); 79*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vbslq_f64 (cmp, r1, r0); 80*f3087befSAndrew Turner } 81*f3087befSAndrew Turner 82*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 83*f3087befSAndrew Turner 84*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* Fast vector implementation of exp10. 85*f3087befSAndrew Turner Maximum measured error is 1.64 ulp. 86*f3087befSAndrew Turner _ZGVnN2v_exp10(0x1.ccd1c9d82cc8cp+0) got 0x1.f8dab6d7fed0cp+5 87*f3087befSAndrew Turner want 0x1.f8dab6d7fed0ap+5. */ 88*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t VPCS_ATTR V_NAME_D1 (exp10) (float64x2_t x) 89*f3087befSAndrew Turner { 90*f3087befSAndrew Turner const struct data *d = ptr_barrier (&data); 91*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t cmp; 92*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 93*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* If any lanes are special, mask them with 1 and retain a copy of x to allow 94*f3087befSAndrew Turner special_case to fix special lanes later. This is only necessary if fenv 95*f3087befSAndrew Turner exceptions are to be triggered correctly. */ 96*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t xm = x; 97*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t iax = vreinterpretq_u64_f64 (vabsq_f64 (x)); 98*f3087befSAndrew Turner cmp = vcgeq_u64 (vsubq_u64 (iax, TinyBound), Thres); 99*f3087befSAndrew Turner if (unlikely (v_any_u64 (cmp))) 100*f3087befSAndrew Turner x = vbslq_f64 (cmp, v_f64 (1), x); 101*f3087befSAndrew Turner #else 102*f3087befSAndrew Turner cmp = vcageq_f64 (x, d->special_bound); 103*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 104*f3087befSAndrew Turner 105*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* n = round(x/(log10(2)/N)). */ 106*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t z = vfmaq_f64 (d->shift, x, d->log10_2); 107*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t u = vreinterpretq_u64_f64 (z); 108*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t n = vsubq_f64 (z, d->shift); 109*f3087befSAndrew Turner 110*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* r = x - n*log10(2)/N. */ 111*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t r = x; 112*f3087befSAndrew Turner r = vfmsq_f64 (r, d->log2_10_hi, n); 113*f3087befSAndrew Turner r = vfmsq_f64 (r, d->log2_10_lo, n); 114*f3087befSAndrew Turner 115*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t e = vshlq_n_u64 (u, 52 - V_EXP_TABLE_BITS); 116*f3087befSAndrew Turner uint64x2_t i = vandq_u64 (u, IndexMask); 117*f3087befSAndrew Turner 118*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* y = exp10(r) - 1 ~= C0 r + C1 r^2 + C2 r^3 + C3 r^4. */ 119*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t r2 = vmulq_f64 (r, r); 120*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t p = vfmaq_f64 (d->poly[0], r, d->poly[1]); 121*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t y = vfmaq_f64 (d->poly[2], r, d->poly[3]); 122*f3087befSAndrew Turner p = vfmaq_f64 (p, y, r2); 123*f3087befSAndrew Turner y = vmulq_f64 (r, p); 124*f3087befSAndrew Turner 125*f3087befSAndrew Turner /* s = 2^(n/N). */ 126*f3087befSAndrew Turner u = v_lookup_u64 (__v_exp_data, i); 127*f3087befSAndrew Turner float64x2_t s = vreinterpretq_f64_u64 (vaddq_u64 (u, e)); 128*f3087befSAndrew Turner 129*f3087befSAndrew Turner if (unlikely (v_any_u64 (cmp))) 130*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT 131*f3087befSAndrew Turner return special_case (xm, vfmaq_f64 (s, y, s), cmp); 132*f3087befSAndrew Turner #else 133*f3087befSAndrew Turner return special_case (s, y, n, d); 134*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 135*f3087befSAndrew Turner 136*f3087befSAndrew Turner return vfmaq_f64 (s, y, s); 137*f3087befSAndrew Turner } 138*f3087befSAndrew Turner 139*f3087befSAndrew Turner #if WANT_EXP10_TESTS 140*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SIG (S, D, 1, exp10, -9.9, 9.9) 141*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SIG (V, D, 1, exp10, -9.9, 9.9) 142*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_ULP (V_NAME_D1 (exp10), 1.15) 143*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_DISABLE_FENV_IF_NOT (V_NAME_D1 (exp10), WANT_SIMD_EXCEPT) 144*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_D1 (exp10), 0, SpecialBound, 5000) 145*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_D1 (exp10), SpecialBound, ScaleBound, 5000) 146*f3087befSAndrew Turner TEST_SYM_INTERVAL (V_NAME_D1 (exp10), ScaleBound, inf, 10000) 147*f3087befSAndrew Turner #endif 148