xref: /dpdk/lib/eal/common/rte_random.c (revision 7917b0d38e92e8b9ec5a870415b791420e10f11a)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
2  * Copyright(c) 2019 Ericsson AB
3  */
4 
5 #ifdef __RDSEED__
6 #include <x86intrin.h>
7 #endif
8 #include <unistd.h>
9 
10 #include <rte_bitops.h>
11 #include <rte_branch_prediction.h>
12 #include <rte_cycles.h>
13 #include <rte_lcore.h>
14 #include <rte_random.h>
15 
16 struct __rte_cache_aligned rte_rand_state {
17 	uint64_t z1;
18 	uint64_t z2;
19 	uint64_t z3;
20 	uint64_t z4;
21 	uint64_t z5;
22 	RTE_CACHE_GUARD;
23 };
24 
25 /* One instance each for every lcore id-equipped thread, and one
26  * additional instance to be shared by all others threads (i.e., all
27  * unregistered non-EAL threads).
28  */
29 static struct rte_rand_state rand_states[RTE_MAX_LCORE + 1];
30 
31 static uint32_t
32 __rte_rand_lcg32(uint32_t *seed)
33 {
34 	*seed = 1103515245U * *seed + 12345U;
35 
36 	return *seed;
37 }
38 
39 static uint64_t
40 __rte_rand_lcg64(uint32_t *seed)
41 {
42 	uint64_t low;
43 	uint64_t high;
44 
45 	/* A 64-bit LCG would have been much cleaner, but good
46 	 * multiplier/increments for such seem hard to come by.
47 	 */
48 
49 	low = __rte_rand_lcg32(seed);
50 	high = __rte_rand_lcg32(seed);
51 
52 	return low | (high << 32);
53 }
54 
55 static uint64_t
56 __rte_rand_lfsr258_gen_seed(uint32_t *seed, uint64_t min_value)
57 {
58 	uint64_t res;
59 
60 	res = __rte_rand_lcg64(seed);
61 
62 	if (res < min_value)
63 		res += min_value;
64 
65 	return res;
66 }
67 
68 static void
69 __rte_srand_lfsr258(uint64_t seed, struct rte_rand_state *state)
70 {
71 	uint32_t lcg_seed;
72 
73 	lcg_seed = (uint32_t)(seed ^ (seed >> 32));
74 
75 	state->z1 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_gen_seed(&lcg_seed, 2UL);
76 	state->z2 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_gen_seed(&lcg_seed, 512UL);
77 	state->z3 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_gen_seed(&lcg_seed, 4096UL);
78 	state->z4 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_gen_seed(&lcg_seed, 131072UL);
79 	state->z5 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_gen_seed(&lcg_seed, 8388608UL);
80 }
81 
82 void
83 rte_srand(uint64_t seed)
84 {
85 	unsigned int lcore_id;
86 
87 	/* add lcore_id to seed to avoid having the same sequence */
88 	for (lcore_id = 0; lcore_id < RTE_DIM(rand_states); lcore_id++)
89 		__rte_srand_lfsr258(seed + lcore_id, &rand_states[lcore_id]);
90 }
91 
92 static __rte_always_inline uint64_t
93 __rte_rand_lfsr258_comp(uint64_t z, uint64_t a, uint64_t b, uint64_t c,
94 			uint64_t d)
95 {
96 	return ((z & c) << d) ^ (((z << a) ^ z) >> b);
97 }
98 
99 /* Based on L’Ecuyer, P.: Tables of maximally equidistributed combined
100  * LFSR generators.
101  */
102 
103 static __rte_always_inline uint64_t
104 __rte_rand_lfsr258(struct rte_rand_state *state)
105 {
106 	state->z1 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_comp(state->z1, 1UL, 53UL,
107 					    18446744073709551614UL, 10UL);
108 	state->z2 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_comp(state->z2, 24UL, 50UL,
109 					    18446744073709551104UL, 5UL);
110 	state->z3 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_comp(state->z3, 3UL, 23UL,
111 					    18446744073709547520UL, 29UL);
112 	state->z4 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_comp(state->z4, 5UL, 24UL,
113 					    18446744073709420544UL, 23UL);
114 	state->z5 = __rte_rand_lfsr258_comp(state->z5, 3UL, 33UL,
115 					    18446744073701163008UL, 8UL);
116 
117 	return state->z1 ^ state->z2 ^ state->z3 ^ state->z4 ^ state->z5;
118 }
119 
120 static __rte_always_inline
121 struct rte_rand_state *__rte_rand_get_state(void)
122 {
123 	unsigned int idx;
124 
125 	idx = rte_lcore_id();
126 
127 	/* last instance reserved for unregistered non-EAL threads */
128 	if (unlikely(idx == LCORE_ID_ANY))
129 		idx = RTE_MAX_LCORE;
130 
131 	return &rand_states[idx];
132 }
133 
134 uint64_t
135 rte_rand(void)
136 {
137 	struct rte_rand_state *state;
138 
139 	state = __rte_rand_get_state();
140 
141 	return __rte_rand_lfsr258(state);
142 }
143 
144 uint64_t
145 rte_rand_max(uint64_t upper_bound)
146 {
147 	struct rte_rand_state *state;
148 	uint8_t ones;
149 	uint8_t leading_zeros;
150 	uint64_t mask = ~((uint64_t)0);
151 	uint64_t res;
152 
153 	if (unlikely(upper_bound < 2))
154 		return 0;
155 
156 	state = __rte_rand_get_state();
157 
158 	ones = rte_popcount64(upper_bound);
159 
160 	/* Handle power-of-2 upper_bound as a special case, since it
161 	 * has no bias issues.
162 	 */
163 	if (unlikely(ones == 1))
164 		return __rte_rand_lfsr258(state) & (upper_bound - 1);
165 
166 	/* The approach to avoiding bias is to create a mask that
167 	 * stretches beyond the request value range, and up to the
168 	 * next power-of-2. In case the masked generated random value
169 	 * is equal to or greater than the upper bound, just discard
170 	 * the value and generate a new one.
171 	 */
172 
173 	leading_zeros = rte_clz64(upper_bound);
174 	mask >>= leading_zeros;
175 
176 	do {
177 		res = __rte_rand_lfsr258(state) & mask;
178 	} while (unlikely(res >= upper_bound));
179 
180 	return res;
181 }
182 
183 double
184 rte_drand(void)
185 {
186 	static const uint64_t denom = (uint64_t)1 << 53;
187 	uint64_t rand64 = rte_rand();
188 
189 	/*
190 	 * The double mantissa only has 53 bits, so we uniformly mask off the
191 	 * high 11 bits and then floating-point divide by 2^53 to achieve a
192 	 * result in [0, 1).
193 	 *
194 	 * We are not allowed to emit 1.0, so denom must be one greater than
195 	 * the possible range of the preceding step.
196 	 */
197 
198 	rand64 &= denom - 1;
199 	return (double)rand64 / denom;
200 }
201 
202 static uint64_t
203 __rte_random_initial_seed(void)
204 {
205 #ifdef RTE_LIBEAL_USE_GETENTROPY
206 	int ge_rc;
207 	uint64_t ge_seed;
208 
209 	ge_rc = getentropy(&ge_seed, sizeof(ge_seed));
210 
211 	if (ge_rc == 0)
212 		return ge_seed;
213 #endif
214 #ifdef __RDSEED__
215 	unsigned int rdseed_low;
216 	unsigned int rdseed_high;
217 
218 	/* first fallback: rdseed instruction, if available */
219 	if (_rdseed32_step(&rdseed_low) == 1 &&
220 	    _rdseed32_step(&rdseed_high) == 1)
221 		return (uint64_t)rdseed_low | ((uint64_t)rdseed_high << 32);
222 #endif
223 	/* second fallback: seed using rdtsc */
224 	return rte_get_tsc_cycles();
225 }
226 
227 RTE_INIT(rte_rand_init)
228 {
229 	uint64_t seed;
230 
231 	seed = __rte_random_initial_seed();
232 
233 	rte_srand(seed);
234 }
235