xref: /dpdk/doc/guides/prog_guide/vhost_lib.rst (revision 3ac95df07b54caf459f6ed68f62eeb3f55154c47)
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31Vhost Library
32=============
33
34The vhost cuse (cuse: user space character device driver) library implements a
35vhost cuse driver. It also creates, manages and destroys vhost devices for
36corresponding virtio devices in the guest. Vhost supported vSwitch could register
37callbacks to this library, which will be called when a vhost device is activated
38or deactivated by guest virtual machine.
39
40Vhost API Overview
41------------------
42
43*   Vhost driver registration
44
45      rte_vhost_driver_register registers the vhost cuse driver into the system.
46      Character device file will be created in the /dev directory.
47      Character device name is specified as the parameter.
48
49*   Vhost session start
50
51      rte_vhost_driver_session_start starts the vhost session loop.
52      Vhost cuse session is an infinite blocking loop.
53      Put the session in a dedicate DPDK thread.
54
55*   Callback register
56
57      Vhost supported vSwitch could call rte_vhost_driver_callback_register to
58      register two callbacks, new_destory and destroy_device.
59      When virtio device is activated or deactivated by guest virtual machine,
60      the callback will be called, then vSwitch could put the device onto data
61      core or remove the device from data core by setting or unsetting
62      VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING on the device flags.
63
64*   Read/write packets from/to guest virtual machine
65
66      rte_vhost_enqueue_burst transmit host packets to guest.
67      rte_vhost_dequeue_burst receives packets from guest.
68
69*   Feature enable/disable
70
71      Now one negotiate-able feature in vhost is merge-able.
72      vSwitch could enable/disable this feature for performance consideration.
73
74Vhost Implementation
75--------------------
76
77When vSwitch registers the vhost driver, it will register a cuse device driver
78into the system and creates a character device file. This cuse driver will
79receive vhost open/release/IOCTL message from QEMU simulator.
80
81When the open call is received, vhost driver will create a vhost device for the
82virtio device in the guest.
83
84When VHOST_SET_MEM_TABLE IOCTL is received, vhost searches the memory region
85to find the starting user space virtual address that maps the memory of guest
86virtual machine. Through this virtual address and the QEMU pid, vhost could
87find the file QEMU uses to map the guest memory. Vhost maps this file into its
88address space, in this way vhost could fully access the guest physical memory,
89which means vhost could access the shared virtio ring and the guest physical
90address specified in the entry of the ring.
91
92The guest virtual machine tells the vhost whether the virtio device is ready
93for processing or is de-activated through VHOST_SET_BACKEND message.
94The registered callback from vSwitch will be called.
95
96When the release call is released, vhost will destroy the device.
97
98Vhost supported vSwitch reference
99---------------------------------
100
101For how to support vhost in vSwitch, please refer to vhost example in the
102DPDK Sample Applications Guide.
103