xref: /dpdk/doc/guides/nics/memif.rst (revision 089e5ed727a15da2729cfee9b63533dd120bd04c)
1..  SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
2    Copyright(c) 2018-2019 Cisco Systems, Inc.
3
4======================
5Memif Poll Mode Driver
6======================
7
8Shared memory packet interface (memif) PMD allows for DPDK and any other client
9using memif (DPDK, VPP, libmemif) to communicate using shared memory. Memif is
10Linux only.
11
12The created device transmits packets in a raw format. It can be used with
13Ethernet mode, IP mode, or Punt/Inject. At this moment, only Ethernet mode is
14supported in DPDK memif implementation.
15
16Memif works in two roles: master and slave. Slave connects to master over an
17existing socket. It is also a producer of shared memory file and initializes
18the shared memory. Each interface can be connected to one peer interface
19at same time. The peer interface is identified by id parameter. Master
20creates the socket and listens for any slave connection requests. The socket
21may already exist on the system. Be sure to remove any such sockets, if you
22are creating a master interface, or you will see an "Address already in use"
23error. Function ``rte_pmd_memif_remove()``, which removes memif interface,
24will also remove a listener socket, if it is not being used by any other
25interface.
26
27The method to enable one or more interfaces is to use the
28``--vdev=net_memif0`` option on the DPDK application command line. Each
29``--vdev=net_memif1`` option given will create an interface named net_memif0,
30net_memif1, and so on. Memif uses unix domain socket to transmit control
31messages. Each memif has a unique id per socket. This id is used to identify
32peer interface. If you are connecting multiple
33interfaces using same socket, be sure to specify unique ids ``id=0``, ``id=1``,
34etc. Note that if you assign a socket to a master interface it becomes a
35listener socket. Listener socket can not be used by a slave interface on same
36client.
37
38.. csv-table:: **Memif configuration options**
39   :header: "Option", "Description", "Default", "Valid value"
40
41   "id=0", "Used to identify peer interface", "0", "uint32_t"
42   "role=master", "Set memif role", "slave", "master|slave"
43   "bsize=1024", "Size of single packet buffer", "2048", "uint16_t"
44   "rsize=11", "Log2 of ring size. If rsize is 10, actual ring size is 1024", "10", "1-14"
45   "socket=/tmp/memif.sock", "Socket filename", "/tmp/memif.sock", "string len 256"
46   "mac=01:23:45:ab:cd:ef", "Mac address", "01:ab:23:cd:45:ef", ""
47   "secret=abc123", "Secret is an optional security option, which if specified, must be matched by peer", "", "string len 24"
48   "zero-copy=yes", "Enable/disable zero-copy slave mode", "no", "yes|no"
49
50**Connection establishment**
51
52In order to create memif connection, two memif interfaces, each in separate
53process, are needed. One interface in ``master`` role and other in
54``slave`` role. It is not possible to connect two interfaces in a single
55process. Each interface can be connected to one interface at same time,
56identified by matching id parameter.
57
58Memif driver uses unix domain socket to exchange required information between
59memif interfaces. Socket file path is specified at interface creation see
60*Memif configuration options* table above. If socket is used by ``master``
61interface, it's marked as listener socket (in scope of current process) and
62listens to connection requests from other processes. One socket can be used by
63multiple interfaces. One process can have ``slave`` and ``master`` interfaces
64at the same time, provided each role is assigned unique socket.
65
66For detailed information on memif control messages, see: net/memif/memif.h.
67
68Slave interface attempts to make a connection on assigned socket. Process
69listening on this socket will extract the connection request and create a new
70connected socket (control channel). Then it sends the 'hello' message
71(``MEMIF_MSG_TYPE_HELLO``), containing configuration boundaries. Slave interface
72adjusts its configuration accordingly, and sends 'init' message
73(``MEMIF_MSG_TYPE_INIT``). This message among others contains interface id. Driver
74uses this id to find master interface, and assigns the control channel to this
75interface. If such interface is found, 'ack' message (``MEMIF_MSG_TYPE_ACK``) is
76sent. Slave interface sends 'add region' message (``MEMIF_MSG_TYPE_ADD_REGION``) for
77every region allocated. Master responds to each of these messages with 'ack'
78message. Same behavior applies to rings. Slave sends 'add ring' message
79(``MEMIF_MSG_TYPE_ADD_RING``) for every initialized ring. Master again responds to
80each message with 'ack' message. To finalize the connection, slave interface
81sends 'connect' message (``MEMIF_MSG_TYPE_CONNECT``). Upon receiving this message
82master maps regions to its address space, initializes rings and responds with
83'connected' message (``MEMIF_MSG_TYPE_CONNECTED``). Disconnect
84(``MEMIF_MSG_TYPE_DISCONNECT``) can be sent by both master and slave interfaces at
85any time, due to driver error or if the interface is being deleted.
86
87Files
88
89- net/memif/memif.h *- control messages definitions*
90- net/memif/memif_socket.h
91- net/memif/memif_socket.c
92
93Shared memory
94~~~~~~~~~~~~~
95
96**Shared memory format**
97
98Slave is producer and master is consumer. Memory regions, are mapped shared memory files,
99created by memif slave and provided to master at connection establishment.
100Regions contain rings and buffers. Rings and buffers can also be separated into multiple
101regions. For no-zero-copy, rings and buffers are stored inside single memory
102region to reduce the number of opened files.
103
104region n (no-zero-copy):
105
106+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
107| Rings                 | Buffers                                                                 |
108+-----------+-----------+-----------------+---+---------------------------------------------------+
109| S2M rings | M2S rings | packet buffer 0 | . | pb ((1 << pmd->run.log2_ring_size)*(s2m + m2s))-1 |
110+-----------+-----------+-----------------+---+---------------------------------------------------+
111
112S2M OR M2S Rings:
113
114+--------+--------+-----------------------+
115| ring 0 | ring 1 | ring num_s2m_rings - 1|
116+--------+--------+-----------------------+
117
118ring 0:
119
120+-------------+---------------------------------------+
121| ring header | (1 << pmd->run.log2_ring_size) * desc |
122+-------------+---------------------------------------+
123
124Descriptors are assigned packet buffers in order of rings creation. If we have one ring
125in each direction and ring size is 1024, then first 1024 buffers will belong to S2M ring and
126last 1024 will belong to M2S ring. In case of zero-copy, buffers are dequeued and
127enqueued as needed.
128
129**Descriptor format**
130
131+----+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
132|Quad|6| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |3|3| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |1|1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
133|    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
134|Word|3| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |2|1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |6|5| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |0|
135+----+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
136|0   |length                                                         |region                         |flags                          |
137+----+---------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
138|1   |metadata                                                       |offset                                                         |
139+----+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
140|    |6| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |3|3| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
141|    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
142|    |3| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |2|1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |0|
143+----+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
144
145**Flags field - flags (Quad Word 0, bits 0:15)**
146
147+-----+--------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
148|Bits |Name                |Functionality                                                                                   |
149+=====+====================+================================================================================================+
150|0    |MEMIF_DESC_FLAG_NEXT|Is chained buffer. When set, the packet is divided into multiple buffers. May not be contiguous.|
151+-----+--------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
152
153**Region index - region (Quad Word 0, 16:31)**
154
155Index of memory region, the buffer is located in.
156
157**Data length - length (Quad Word 0, 32:63)**
158
159Length of transmitted/received data.
160
161**Data Offset - offset (Quad Word 1, 0:31)**
162
163Data start offset from memory region address. *.regions[desc->region].addr + desc->offset*
164
165**Metadata - metadata (Quad Word 1, 32:63)**
166
167Buffer metadata.
168
169Files
170
171- net/memif/memif.h *- descriptor and ring definitions*
172- net/memif/rte_eth_memif.c *- eth_memif_rx() eth_memif_tx()*
173
174Example: testpmd
175----------------------------
176In this example we run two instances of testpmd application and transmit packets over memif.
177
178First create ``master`` interface::
179
180    #./build/app/testpmd -l 0-1 --proc-type=primary --file-prefix=pmd1 --vdev=net_memif,role=master -- -i
181
182Now create ``slave`` interface (master must be already running so the slave will connect)::
183
184    #./build/app/testpmd -l 2-3 --proc-type=primary --file-prefix=pmd2 --vdev=net_memif -- -i
185
186Start forwarding packets::
187
188    Slave:
189        testpmd> start
190
191    Master:
192        testpmd> start tx_first
193
194Show status::
195
196    testpmd> show port stats 0
197
198For more details on testpmd please refer to :doc:`../testpmd_app_ug/index`.
199
200Example: testpmd and VPP
201------------------------
202For information on how to get and run VPP please see `<https://wiki.fd.io/view/VPP>`_.
203
204Start VPP in interactive mode (should be by default). Create memif master interface in VPP::
205
206    vpp# create interface memif id 0 master no-zero-copy
207    vpp# set interface state memif0/0 up
208    vpp# set interface ip address memif0/0 192.168.1.1/24
209
210To see socket filename use show memif command::
211
212    vpp# show memif
213    sockets
214     id  listener    filename
215      0   yes (1)     /run/vpp/memif.sock
216    ...
217
218Now create memif interface by running testpmd with these command line options::
219
220    #./testpmd --vdev=net_memif,socket=/run/vpp/memif.sock -- -i
221
222Testpmd should now create memif slave interface and try to connect to master.
223In testpmd set forward option to icmpecho and start forwarding::
224
225    testpmd> set fwd icmpecho
226    testpmd> start
227
228Send ping from VPP::
229
230    vpp# ping 192.168.1.2
231    64 bytes from 192.168.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=36.2918 ms
232    64 bytes from 192.168.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=23.3927 ms
233    64 bytes from 192.168.1.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=24.2975 ms
234    64 bytes from 192.168.1.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=254 time=17.7049 ms
235