1.. BSD LICENSE 2 Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. 3 All rights reserved. 4 5 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 are met: 8 9 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11 * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 13 the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 14 distribution. 15 * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its 16 contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived 17 from this software without specific prior written permission. 18 19 THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 20 "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 21 LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR 22 A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT 23 OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 24 SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT 25 LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 26 DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 27 THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 28 (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 29 OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 30 31Compiling and Running Sample Applications 32========================================= 33 34The chapter describes how to compile and run applications in an DPDK environment. 35It also provides a pointer to where sample applications are stored. 36 37.. note:: 38 39 Parts of this process can also be done using the setup script described the 40 :ref:`linux_setup_script` section of this document. 41 42Compiling a Sample Application 43------------------------------ 44 45Once an DPDK target environment directory has been created (such as ``x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc``), 46it contains all libraries and header files required to build an application. 47 48When compiling an application in the Linux* environment on the DPDK, the following variables must be exported: 49 50* ``RTE_SDK`` - Points to the DPDK installation directory. 51 52* ``RTE_TARGET`` - Points to the DPDK target environment directory. 53 54The following is an example of creating the ``helloworld`` application, which runs in the DPDK Linux environment. 55This example may be found in the ``${RTE_SDK}/examples`` directory. 56 57The directory contains the ``main.c`` file. This file, when combined with the libraries in the DPDK target environment, 58calls the various functions to initialize the DPDK environment, 59then launches an entry point (dispatch application) for each core to be utilized. 60By default, the binary is generated in the build directory. 61 62.. code-block:: console 63 64 cd examples/helloworld/ 65 export RTE_SDK=$HOME/DPDK 66 export RTE_TARGET=x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc 67 68 make 69 CC main.o 70 LD helloworld 71 INSTALL-APP helloworld 72 INSTALL-MAP helloworld.map 73 74 ls build/app 75 helloworld helloworld.map 76 77.. note:: 78 79 In the above example, ``helloworld`` was in the directory structure of the DPDK. 80 However, it could have been located outside the directory structure to keep the DPDK structure intact. 81 In the following case, the ``helloworld`` application is copied to a new directory as a new starting point. 82 83 .. code-block:: console 84 85 export RTE_SDK=/home/user/DPDK 86 cp -r $(RTE_SDK)/examples/helloworld my_rte_app 87 cd my_rte_app/ 88 export RTE_TARGET=x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc 89 90 make 91 CC main.o 92 LD helloworld 93 INSTALL-APP helloworld 94 INSTALL-MAP helloworld.map 95 96Running a Sample Application 97---------------------------- 98 99.. warning:: 100 101 The UIO drivers and hugepages must be setup prior to running an application. 102 103.. warning:: 104 105 Any ports to be used by the application must be already bound to an appropriate kernel 106 module, as described in :ref:`linux_gsg_binding_kernel`, prior to running the application. 107 108The application is linked with the DPDK target environment's Environmental Abstraction Layer (EAL) library, 109which provides some options that are generic to every DPDK application. 110 111The following is the list of options that can be given to the EAL: 112 113.. code-block:: console 114 115 ./rte-app -c COREMASK [-n NUM] [-b <domain:bus:devid.func>] \ 116 [--socket-mem=MB,...] [-m MB] [-r NUM] [-v] [--file-prefix] \ 117 [--proc-type <primary|secondary|auto>] [-- xen-dom0] 118 119The EAL options are as follows: 120 121* ``-c COREMASK``: 122 An hexadecimal bit mask of the cores to run on. Note that core numbering can 123 change between platforms and should be determined beforehand. 124 125* ``-n NUM``: 126 Number of memory channels per processor socket. 127 128* ``-b <domain:bus:devid.func>``: 129 Blacklisting of ports; prevent EAL from using specified PCI device 130 (multiple ``-b`` options are allowed). 131 132* ``--use-device``: 133 use the specified Ethernet device(s) only. Use comma-separate 134 ``[domain:]bus:devid.func`` values. Cannot be used with ``-b`` option. 135 136* ``--socket-mem``: 137 Memory to allocate from hugepages on specific sockets. 138 139* ``-m MB``: 140 Memory to allocate from hugepages, regardless of processor socket. It is 141 recommended that ``--socket-mem`` be used instead of this option. 142 143* ``-r NUM``: 144 Number of memory ranks. 145 146* ``-v``: 147 Display version information on startup. 148 149* ``--huge-dir``: 150 The directory where hugetlbfs is mounted. 151 152* ``--file-prefix``: 153 The prefix text used for hugepage filenames. 154 155* ``--proc-type``: 156 The type of process instance. 157 158* ``--xen-dom0``: 159 Support application running on Xen Domain0 without hugetlbfs. 160 161* ``--vmware-tsc-map``: 162 Use VMware TSC map instead of native RDTSC. 163 164* ``--base-virtaddr``: 165 Specify base virtual address. 166 167* ``--vfio-intr``: 168 Specify interrupt type to be used by VFIO (has no effect if VFIO is not used). 169 170The ``-c`` and option is mandatory; the others are optional. 171 172Copy the DPDK application binary to your target, then run the application as follows 173(assuming the platform has four memory channels per processor socket, 174and that cores 0-3 are present and are to be used for running the application):: 175 176 ./helloworld -c f -n 4 177 178.. note:: 179 180 The ``--proc-type`` and ``--file-prefix`` EAL options are used for running 181 multiple DPDK processes. See the "Multi-process Sample Application" 182 chapter in the *DPDK Sample Applications User Guide* and the *DPDK 183 Programmers Guide* for more details. 184 185Logical Core Use by Applications 186~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 187 188The coremask parameter is always mandatory for DPDK applications. 189Each bit of the mask corresponds to the equivalent logical core number as reported by Linux. 190Since these logical core numbers, and their mapping to specific cores on specific NUMA sockets, can vary from platform to platform, 191it is recommended that the core layout for each platform be considered when choosing the coremask to use in each case. 192 193On initialization of the EAL layer by an DPDK application, the logical cores to be used and their socket location are displayed. 194This information can also be determined for all cores on the system by examining the ``/proc/cpuinfo`` file, for example, by running cat ``/proc/cpuinfo``. 195The physical id attribute listed for each processor indicates the CPU socket to which it belongs. 196This can be useful when using other processors to understand the mapping of the logical cores to the sockets. 197 198.. note:: 199 200 A more graphical view of the logical core layout may be obtained using the ``lstopo`` Linux utility. 201 On Fedora Linux, this may be installed and run using the following command:: 202 203 sudo yum install hwloc 204 ./lstopo 205 206.. warning:: 207 208 The logical core layout can change between different board layouts and should be checked before selecting an application coremask. 209 210Hugepage Memory Use by Applications 211~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 212 213When running an application, it is recommended to use the same amount of memory as that allocated for hugepages. 214This is done automatically by the DPDK application at startup, 215if no ``-m`` or ``--socket-mem`` parameter is passed to it when run. 216 217If more memory is requested by explicitly passing a ``-m`` or ``--socket-mem`` value, the application fails. 218However, the application itself can also fail if the user requests less memory than the reserved amount of hugepage-memory, particularly if using the ``-m`` option. 219The reason is as follows. 220Suppose the system has 1024 reserved 2 MB pages in socket 0 and 1024 in socket 1. 221If the user requests 128 MB of memory, the 64 pages may not match the constraints: 222 223* The hugepage memory by be given to the application by the kernel in socket 1 only. 224 In this case, if the application attempts to create an object, such as a ring or memory pool in socket 0, it fails. 225 To avoid this issue, it is recommended that the ``--socket-mem`` option be used instead of the ``-m`` option. 226 227* These pages can be located anywhere in physical memory, and, although the DPDK EAL will attempt to allocate memory in contiguous blocks, 228 it is possible that the pages will not be contiguous. In this case, the application is not able to allocate big memory pools. 229 230The socket-mem option can be used to request specific amounts of memory for specific sockets. 231This is accomplished by supplying the ``--socket-mem`` flag followed by amounts of memory requested on each socket, 232for example, supply ``--socket-mem=0,512`` to try and reserve 512 MB for socket 1 only. 233Similarly, on a four socket system, to allocate 1 GB memory on each of sockets 0 and 2 only, the parameter ``--socket-mem=1024,0,1024`` can be used. 234No memory will be reserved on any CPU socket that is not explicitly referenced, for example, socket 3 in this case. 235If the DPDK cannot allocate enough memory on each socket, the EAL initialization fails. 236 237Additional Sample Applications 238------------------------------ 239 240Additional sample applications are included in the ${RTE_SDK}/examples directory. 241These sample applications may be built and run in a manner similar to that described in earlier sections in this manual. 242In addition, see the *DPDK Sample Applications User Guide* for a description of the application, 243specific instructions on compilation and execution and some explanation of the code. 244 245Additional Test Applications 246---------------------------- 247 248In addition, there are two other applications that are built when the libraries are created. 249The source files for these are in the DPDK/app directory and are called test and testpmd. 250Once the libraries are created, they can be found in the build/app directory. 251 252* The test application provides a variety of specific tests for the various functions in the DPDK. 253 254* The testpmd application provides a number of different packet throughput tests and 255 examples of features such as how to use the Flow Director found in the Intel® 82599 10 Gigabit Ethernet Controller. 256