xref: /dflybsd-src/usr.bin/printf/printf.c (revision 99512ac4b46c423d7a70b99c3d0c20769afaf083)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
34  * @(#)printf.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 7/20/93
35  * $FreeBSD: /usr/local/www/cvsroot/FreeBSD/src/usr.bin/printf/printf.c,v 1.27 2004/03/07 22:22:13 cperciva Exp $
36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/printf/printf.c,v 1.7 2007/01/21 00:24:55 swildner Exp $
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/types.h>
40 
41 #include <err.h>
42 #include <errno.h>
43 #include <limits.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #include <string.h>
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 
49 #ifdef SHELL
50 #define main printfcmd
51 #include "bltin/bltin.h"
52 #include "memalloc.h"
53 #include "error.h"
54 #endif
55 
56 #ifndef BUILTIN
57 #include <locale.h>
58 #endif
59 
60 #define PF(f, func) do { \
61 	char *b = NULL; \
62 	if (fieldwidth) \
63 		if (precision) \
64 			asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
65 		else \
66 			asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, func); \
67 	else if (precision) \
68 		asprintf(&b, f, precision, func); \
69 	else \
70 		asprintf(&b, f, func); \
71 	if (b) { \
72 		fputs(b, stdout); \
73 		free(b); \
74 	} \
75 } while (0)
76 
77 static int	 asciicode(void);
78 static int	 escape(char *);
79 static int	 getchr(void);
80 static int	 getdouble(double *);
81 static int	 getint(int *);
82 static int	 getlonglongs(long long *, unsigned long long *, int);
83 static const char
84 		*getstr(void);
85 static char	*mkquad(char *, int);
86 static void	 usage(void);
87 
88 static char **gargv;
89 
90 int
91 #ifdef BUILTIN
92 progprintf(int argc, char **argv)
93 #else
94 main(int argc, char **argv)
95 #endif
96 {
97 	static const char *skip1, *skip2;
98 	int chopped, end, fieldwidth, precision, rval;
99 	char convch, nextch, *format, *fmt, *start;
100 
101 #ifndef BUILTIN
102 	setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
103 #endif
104 
105 	/*
106 	 * We may not use getopt(3) because calling
107 	 * "printf -f%s oo" may not result in an invalid
108 	 * option error.
109 	 * However common usage and other implementations seem
110 	 * to indicate that we need to allow -- as a discardable
111 	 * option separator.
112 	 */
113 	if (argc > 1 && strcmp(argv[1], "--") == 0) {
114 		argc--;
115 		argv++;
116 	}
117 
118 	if (argc < 2) {
119 		usage();
120 		return (1);
121 	}
122 
123 	argv++;
124 
125 	/*
126 	 * Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion
127 	 * specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field
128 	 * width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value.  Note,
129 	 * format strings are reused as necessary to use up the provided
130 	 * arguments, arguments of zero/null string are provided to use
131 	 * up the format string.
132 	 */
133 	skip1 = "#-+ 0";
134 	skip2 = "0123456789";
135 
136 	chopped = escape(fmt = format = *argv);	/* backslash interpretation */
137 	rval = 0;
138 	gargv = ++argv;
139 	for (;;) {
140 		end = 0;
141 		/* find next format specification */
142 next:		for (start = fmt;; ++fmt) {
143 			if (!*fmt) {
144 				/* avoid infinite loop */
145 				if (chopped) {
146 					printf("%s", start);
147 					return (rval);
148 				}
149 				if (end == 1) {
150 					warnx("missing format character");
151 					return (1);
152 				}
153 				end = 1;
154 				if (fmt > start)
155 					printf("%s", start);
156 				if (!*gargv)
157 					return (rval);
158 				fmt = format;
159 				goto next;
160 			}
161 			/* %% prints a % */
162 			if (*fmt == '%') {
163 				if (*++fmt != '%')
164 					break;
165 				*fmt++ = '\0';
166 				printf("%s", start);
167 				goto next;
168 			}
169 		}
170 
171 		/* skip to field width */
172 		for (; strchr(skip1, *fmt); ++fmt);
173 		if (*fmt == '*') {
174 			if (getint(&fieldwidth))
175 				return (1);
176 			++fmt;
177 		} else {
178 			fieldwidth = 0;
179 
180 			/* skip to possible '.', get following precision */
181 			for (; strchr(skip2, *fmt); ++fmt);
182 		}
183 		if (*fmt == '.') {
184 			/* precision present? */
185 			++fmt;
186 			if (*fmt == '*') {
187 				if (getint(&precision))
188 					return (1);
189 				++fmt;
190 			} else {
191 				precision = 0;
192 
193 				/* skip to conversion char */
194 				for (; strchr(skip2, *fmt); ++fmt);
195 			}
196 		} else
197 			precision = 0;
198 		if (!*fmt) {
199 			warnx("missing format character");
200 			return (1);
201 		}
202 
203 		convch = *fmt;
204 		nextch = *++fmt;
205 		*fmt = '\0';
206 		switch(convch) {
207 		case 'b': {
208 			char *p;
209 			int getout;
210 
211 #ifdef SHELL
212 			p = savestr(getstr());
213 #else
214 			p = strdup(getstr());
215 #endif
216 			if (p == NULL) {
217 				warnx("%s", strerror(ENOMEM));
218 				return (1);
219 			}
220 			getout = escape(p);
221 			*(fmt - 1) = 's';
222 			PF(start, p);
223 			*(fmt - 1) = 'b';
224 #ifdef SHELL
225 			ckfree(p);
226 #else
227 			free(p);
228 #endif
229 			if (getout)
230 				return (rval);
231 			break;
232 		}
233 		case 'c': {
234 			char p;
235 
236 			p = getchr();
237 			PF(start, p);
238 			break;
239 		}
240 		case 's': {
241 			const char *p;
242 
243 			p = getstr();
244 			PF(start, p);
245 			break;
246 		}
247 		case 'd': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': {
248 			char *f;
249 			long long val;
250 			unsigned long long uval;
251 			int signedconv;
252 
253 			signedconv = (convch == 'd' || convch == 'i');
254 			if ((f = mkquad(start, convch)) == NULL)
255 				return (1);
256 			if (getlonglongs(&val, &uval, signedconv))
257 				rval = 1;
258 			if (signedconv)
259 				PF(f, val);
260 			else
261 				PF(f, uval);
262 			break;
263 		}
264 		case 'e': case 'E': case 'f': case 'g': case 'G': {
265 			double p;
266 
267 			if (getdouble(&p))
268 				rval = 1;
269 			PF(start, p);
270 			break;
271 		}
272 		default:
273 			warnx("illegal format character %c", convch);
274 			return (1);
275 		}
276 		*fmt = nextch;
277 	}
278 	/* NOTREACHED */
279 }
280 
281 static char *
282 mkquad(char *str, int ch)
283 {
284 	static char *copy;
285 	static size_t copy_size;
286 	char *newcopy;
287 	size_t len, newlen;
288 
289 	len = strlen(str) + 2;
290 	if (len > copy_size) {
291 		newlen = ((len + 1023) >> 10) << 10;
292 #ifdef SHELL
293 		if ((newcopy = ckrealloc(copy, newlen)) == NULL)
294 #else
295 		if ((newcopy = realloc(copy, newlen)) == NULL)
296 #endif
297 		{
298 			warnx("%s", strerror(ENOMEM));
299 			return (NULL);
300 		}
301 		copy = newcopy;
302 		copy_size = newlen;
303 	}
304 
305 	memmove(copy, str, len - 3);
306 	copy[len - 3] = 'q';
307 	copy[len - 2] = ch;
308 	copy[len - 1] = '\0';
309 	return (copy);
310 }
311 
312 static int
313 escape(char *fmt)
314 {
315 	char *store;
316 	int value, c;
317 
318 	for (store = fmt; (c = *fmt); ++fmt, ++store) {
319 		if (c != '\\') {
320 			*store = c;
321 			continue;
322 		}
323 		switch (*++fmt) {
324 		case '\0':		/* EOS, user error */
325 			*store = '\\';
326 			*++store = '\0';
327 			return (0);
328 		case '\\':		/* backslash */
329 		case '\'':		/* single quote */
330 			*store = *fmt;
331 			break;
332 		case 'a':		/* bell/alert */
333 			*store = '\7';
334 			break;
335 		case 'b':		/* backspace */
336 			*store = '\b';
337 			break;
338 		case 'c':
339 			*store = '\0';
340 			return (1);
341 		case 'f':		/* form-feed */
342 			*store = '\f';
343 			break;
344 		case 'n':		/* newline */
345 			*store = '\n';
346 			break;
347 		case 'r':		/* carriage-return */
348 			*store = '\r';
349 			break;
350 		case 't':		/* horizontal tab */
351 			*store = '\t';
352 			break;
353 		case 'v':		/* vertical tab */
354 			*store = '\13';
355 			break;
356 					/* octal constant */
357 		case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
358 		case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
359 			for (c = *fmt == '0' ? 4 : 3, value = 0;
360 			    c-- && *fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '7'; ++fmt) {
361 				value <<= 3;
362 				value += *fmt - '0';
363 			}
364 			--fmt;
365 			*store = value;
366 			break;
367 		default:
368 			*store = *fmt;
369 			break;
370 		}
371 	}
372 	*store = '\0';
373 	return (0);
374 }
375 
376 static int
377 getchr(void)
378 {
379 	if (!*gargv)
380 		return ('\0');
381 	return ((int)**gargv++);
382 }
383 
384 static const char *
385 getstr(void)
386 {
387 	if (!*gargv)
388 		return ("");
389 	return (*gargv++);
390 }
391 
392 static int
393 getint(int *ip)
394 {
395 	long long val;
396 	unsigned long long uval;
397 	int rval;
398 
399 	if (getlonglongs(&val, &uval, 1))
400 		return (1);
401 	rval = 0;
402 	if (val < INT_MIN || val > INT_MAX) {
403 		warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
404 		rval = 1;
405 	}
406 	*ip = (int)val;
407 	return (rval);
408 }
409 
410 static int
411 getlonglongs(long long *qp, unsigned long long *uqp, int signedconv)
412 {
413 	char *ep;
414 	int rval;
415 
416 	if (!*gargv) {
417 		*qp = 0;
418 		return (0);
419 	}
420 	if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') {
421 		if (signedconv)
422 			*qp = asciicode();
423 		else
424 			*uqp = asciicode();
425 		return (0);
426 	}
427 	rval = 0;
428 	errno = 0;
429 	if (signedconv)
430 		*qp = strtoll(*gargv, &ep, 0);
431 	else
432 		*uqp = strtoull(*gargv, &ep, 0);
433 	if (ep == *gargv) {
434 		warnx("%s: expected numeric value", *gargv);
435 		rval = 1;
436 	}
437 	else if (*ep != '\0') {
438 		warnx("%s: not completely converted", *gargv);
439 		rval = 1;
440 	}
441 	if (errno == ERANGE) {
442 		warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
443 		rval = 1;
444 	}
445 	++gargv;
446 	return (rval);
447 }
448 
449 static int
450 getdouble(double *dp)
451 {
452 	char *ep;
453 	int rval;
454 
455 	if (!*gargv) {
456 		*dp = 0.0;
457 		return (0);
458 	}
459 	if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') {
460 		*dp = asciicode();
461 		return (0);
462 	}
463 	rval = 0;
464 	errno = 0;
465 	*dp = strtod(*gargv, &ep);
466 	if (ep == *gargv) {
467 		warnx("%s: expected numeric value", *gargv);
468 		rval = 1;
469 	} else if (*ep != '\0') {
470 		warnx("%s: not completely converted", *gargv);
471 		rval = 1;
472 	}
473 	if (errno == ERANGE) {
474 		warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
475 		rval = 1;
476 	}
477 	++gargv;
478 	return (rval);
479 }
480 
481 static int
482 asciicode(void)
483 {
484 	int ch;
485 
486 	ch = **gargv;
487 	if (ch == '\'' || ch == '"')
488 		ch = (*gargv)[1];
489 	++gargv;
490 	return (ch);
491 }
492 
493 static void
494 usage(void)
495 {
496 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: printf format [arg ...]\n");
497 }
498