1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.134.2.8 2003/06/06 20:21:32 tegge Exp $ 43 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.67 2006/12/04 18:03:26 dillon Exp $ 44 */ 45 46 #include "opt_init_path.h" 47 48 #include <sys/param.h> 49 #include <sys/file.h> 50 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 51 #include <sys/kernel.h> 52 #include <sys/mount.h> 53 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 54 #include <sys/proc.h> 55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 56 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 57 #include <sys/systm.h> 58 #include <sys/vnode.h> 59 #include <sys/sysent.h> 60 #include <sys/reboot.h> 61 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 63 #include <sys/unistd.h> 64 #include <sys/malloc.h> 65 #include <sys/file2.h> 66 #include <sys/thread2.h> 67 68 #include <machine/cpu.h> 69 70 #include <vm/vm.h> 71 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 72 #include <sys/lock.h> 73 #include <vm/pmap.h> 74 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 75 #include <sys/user.h> 76 #include <sys/copyright.h> 77 78 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 79 static struct session session0; 80 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 81 static struct procsig procsig0; 82 static struct filedesc filedesc0; 83 static struct plimit limit0; 84 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 85 struct proc *initproc; 86 struct proc proc0; 87 struct thread thread0; 88 89 int cmask = CMASK; 90 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 91 extern int fallback_elf_brand; 92 93 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */ 94 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, ""); 95 96 /* 97 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 98 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 99 * executed. 100 */ 101 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 102 103 /* 104 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run. 105 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit. 106 */ 107 SET_DECLARE(sysinit_set, struct sysinit); 108 struct sysinit **sysinit, **sysinit_end; 109 struct sysinit **newsysinit, **newsysinit_end; 110 111 112 /* 113 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if 114 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running. 115 */ 116 void 117 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set, struct sysinit **set_end) 118 { 119 struct sysinit **newset; 120 struct sysinit **sipp; 121 struct sysinit **xipp; 122 int count; 123 124 count = set_end - set; 125 if (newsysinit) 126 count += newsysinit_end - newsysinit; 127 else 128 count += sysinit_end - sysinit; 129 newset = kmalloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); 130 if (newset == NULL) 131 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit"); 132 xipp = newset; 133 if (newsysinit) { 134 for (sipp = newsysinit; sipp < newsysinit_end; sipp++) 135 *xipp++ = *sipp; 136 } else { 137 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) 138 *xipp++ = *sipp; 139 } 140 for (sipp = set; sipp < set_end; sipp++) 141 *xipp++ = *sipp; 142 if (newsysinit) 143 kfree(newsysinit, M_TEMP); 144 newsysinit = newset; 145 newsysinit_end = newset + count; 146 } 147 148 /* 149 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 150 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 151 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 152 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 153 * 154 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 155 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 156 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 157 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads". 158 */ 159 void 160 mi_startup(void) 161 { 162 struct sysinit *sip; /* system initialization*/ 163 struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 164 struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 165 struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 166 167 if (sysinit == NULL) { 168 sysinit = SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set); 169 sysinit_end = SET_LIMIT(sysinit_set); 170 } 171 172 restart: 173 /* 174 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 175 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 176 */ 177 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) { 178 for (xipp = sipp + 1; xipp < sysinit_end; xipp++) { 179 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 180 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 181 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order)) 182 continue; /* skip*/ 183 save = *sipp; 184 *sipp = *xipp; 185 *xipp = save; 186 } 187 } 188 189 /* 190 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 191 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 192 * 193 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 194 * which will not return. 195 */ 196 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) { 197 sip = *sipp; 198 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 199 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 200 201 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE) 202 continue; 203 204 /* Call function */ 205 (*(sip->func))(sip->udata); 206 207 /* Check off the one we're just done */ 208 sip->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE; 209 210 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */ 211 if (newsysinit != NULL) { 212 if (sysinit != SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set)) 213 kfree(sysinit, M_TEMP); 214 sysinit = newsysinit; 215 sysinit_end = newsysinit_end; 216 newsysinit = NULL; 217 newsysinit_end = NULL; 218 goto restart; 219 } 220 } 221 222 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 223 /* NOTREACHED*/ 224 } 225 226 227 /* 228 *************************************************************************** 229 **** 230 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 231 **** been moved. 232 **** 233 *************************************************************************** 234 */ 235 static void 236 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused) 237 { 238 printf("%s", (char *)data); 239 } 240 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 241 242 /* 243 * Leave the critical section that protected us from spurious interrupts 244 * so device probes work. 245 */ 246 static void 247 leavecrit(void *dummy __unused) 248 { 249 crit_exit(); 250 KKASSERT(!IN_CRITICAL_SECT(curthread)); 251 if (bootverbose) 252 printf("Leaving critical section, allowing interrupts\n"); 253 } 254 SYSINIT(leavecrit, SI_SUB_LEAVE_CRIT, SI_ORDER_ANY, leavecrit, NULL) 255 256 /* 257 *************************************************************************** 258 **** 259 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 260 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 261 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 262 **** for right now. 263 **** 264 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 265 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 266 **** 267 *************************************************************************** 268 */ 269 /* ARGSUSED*/ 270 static void 271 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused) 272 { 273 struct proc *p; 274 struct lwp *lp; 275 276 p = &proc0; 277 lp = &proc0.p_lwp; /* XXX lwp to be: lwp0 */ 278 279 /* 280 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 281 */ 282 procinit(); 283 284 /* 285 * additional VM structures 286 */ 287 vm_init2(); 288 289 /* 290 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 291 */ 292 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 293 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 294 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 295 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 296 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 297 298 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 299 session0.s_count = 1; 300 session0.s_leader = p; 301 302 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 303 304 p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM; 305 p->p_stat = SRUN; 306 p->p_nice = NZERO; 307 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL; 308 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0; 309 p->p_lwp.lwp_rtprio = p->p_rtprio; 310 311 p->p_peers = 0; 312 p->p_leader = p; 313 314 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 315 bcopy("swapper", thread0.td_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 316 317 /* Create credentials. */ 318 p->p_ucred = crget(); 319 p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0); 320 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 321 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0); 322 323 /* Don't jail it */ 324 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL; 325 326 /* Create procsig. */ 327 p->p_procsig = &procsig0; 328 p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1; 329 330 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 331 siginit(p); 332 333 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 334 fdinit_bootstrap(p, &filedesc0, cmask); 335 336 /* Create the limits structures. */ 337 plimit_init0(&limit0); 338 p->p_limit = &limit0; 339 340 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 341 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0)); 342 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 343 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 344 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_USER_ADDRESS), 345 trunc_page(VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS)); 346 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0); 347 348 /* 349 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 350 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 351 */ 352 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 353 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 354 355 /* 356 * Charge root for one process. 357 */ 358 (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo, 1, 0); 359 360 } 361 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 362 363 static int proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused); 364 365 /* ARGSUSED*/ 366 static void 367 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused) 368 { 369 struct timespec ts; 370 371 /* 372 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the 373 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now. 374 */ 375 allproc_scan(proc0_post_callback, NULL); 376 377 /* 378 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 379 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ? 380 */ 381 nanotime(&ts); 382 skrandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec); 383 } 384 385 static int 386 proc0_post_callback(struct proc *p, void *data __unused) 387 { 388 microtime(&p->p_start); 389 return(0); 390 } 391 392 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 393 394 /* 395 *************************************************************************** 396 **** 397 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 398 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 399 **** 400 *************************************************************************** 401 */ 402 403 404 /* 405 *************************************************************************** 406 **** 407 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 408 **** kern/init_init.c. 409 **** 410 *************************************************************************** 411 */ 412 413 /* 414 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 415 */ 416 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] = 417 #ifdef INIT_PATH 418 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH); 419 #else 420 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall"; 421 #endif 422 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, ""); 423 424 /* 425 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path. 426 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 427 * 428 * The MP lock is held on entry. 429 */ 430 static void 431 start_init(void *dummy) 432 { 433 vm_offset_t addr; 434 struct execve_args args; 435 int options, error; 436 char *var, *path, *next, *s; 437 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 438 struct proc *p; 439 struct lwp *lp; 440 struct mount *mp; 441 struct vnode *vp; 442 443 p = curproc; 444 445 KKASSERT(p->p_nthreads == 1); 446 447 lp = LIST_FIRST(&p->p_lwps); 448 449 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ 450 mp = mountlist_boot_getfirst(); 451 if (VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp)) 452 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 453 if (mp->mnt_ncmountpt.ncp == NULL) { 454 cache_allocroot(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, mp, vp); 455 cache_unlock(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt); /* leave ref intact */ 456 } 457 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = vp; 458 vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); 459 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = vp; 460 vref(p->p_fd->fd_rdir); 461 vfs_cache_setroot(vp, cache_hold(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt)); 462 vn_unlock(vp); /* leave ref intact */ 463 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_ncdir); 464 cache_copy(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &p->p_fd->fd_nrdir); 465 466 /* 467 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 468 */ 469 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE); 470 error = vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 471 FALSE, 472 VM_MAPTYPE_NORMAL, 473 VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 474 0); 475 if (error) 476 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 477 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 478 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 479 480 if ((var = kgetenv("init_path")) != NULL) { 481 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path); 482 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0; 483 } 484 if ((var = kgetenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL) 485 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0); 486 487 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) { 488 while (*path == ':') 489 path++; 490 if (*path == '\0') 491 break; 492 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++) 493 /* nothing */ ; 494 if (bootverbose) 495 printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path), 496 path); 497 498 /* 499 * Move out the boot flag argument. 500 */ 501 options = 0; 502 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 503 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 504 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 505 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 506 options = 1; 507 } 508 #ifdef notyet 509 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 510 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 511 options = 1; 512 } 513 #endif 514 515 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 516 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 517 options = 1; 518 #endif 519 if (options == 0) 520 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 521 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 522 arg1 = ucp; 523 524 /* 525 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 526 */ 527 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); 528 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--) 529 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s); 530 arg0 = ucp; 531 532 /* 533 * Move out the arg pointers. 534 */ 535 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1)); 536 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */ 537 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1); 538 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0); 539 540 /* 541 * Point at the arguments. 542 */ 543 args.fname = arg0; 544 args.argv = uap; 545 args.envv = NULL; 546 547 /* 548 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 549 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 550 * 551 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way 552 * to user mode as init! 553 * 554 * WARNING! We may have been moved to another cpu after 555 * acquiring the current user process designation. The 556 * MP lock will migrate with us though so we still have to 557 * release it. 558 */ 559 if ((error = sys_execve(&args)) == 0) { 560 rel_mplock(); 561 lp->lwp_proc->p_usched->acquire_curproc(lp); 562 return; 563 } 564 if (error != ENOENT) 565 printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path), 566 path, error); 567 } 568 printf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path); 569 panic("no init"); 570 } 571 572 /* 573 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space. 574 * We do this early to reserve pid 1. 575 * 576 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work 577 * in progress will change this more. 578 */ 579 static void 580 create_init(const void *udata __unused) 581 { 582 int error; 583 struct lwp *lp; 584 585 crit_enter(); 586 error = fork1(&proc0.p_lwp, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc); 587 if (error) 588 panic("cannot fork init: %d", error); 589 initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM; 590 lp = LIST_FIRST(&initproc->p_lwps); 591 cpu_set_fork_handler(lp, start_init, NULL); 592 crit_exit(); 593 } 594 SYSINIT(init,SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL) 595 596 /* 597 * Make it runnable now. 598 */ 599 static void 600 kick_init(const void *udata __unused) 601 { 602 start_forked_proc(&proc0.p_lwp, initproc); 603 } 604 SYSINIT(kickinit,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL) 605 606 /* 607 * Machine independant globaldata initialization 608 * 609 * WARNING! Called from early boot, 'mycpu' may not work yet. 610 */ 611 void 612 mi_gdinit(struct globaldata *gd, int cpuid) 613 { 614 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_tdfreeq); /* for pmap_{new,dispose}_thread() */ 615 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_systimerq); 616 gd->gd_cpuid = cpuid; 617 gd->gd_cpumask = (cpumask_t)1 << cpuid; 618 lwkt_gdinit(gd); 619 vm_map_entry_reserve_cpu_init(gd); 620 sleep_gdinit(gd); 621 } 622 623 624