xref: /dflybsd-src/sbin/sysctl/sysctl.c (revision 2afeb59bee895fc4eb01efa3619a554d22f9093b)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
30  * @(#)from: sysctl.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
31  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/sysctl/sysctl.c,v 1.25.2.11 2003/05/01 22:48:08 trhodes Exp $
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/types.h>
35 #include <sys/stat.h>
36 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
37 #include <sys/resource.h>
38 #include <sys/sensors.h>
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 
41 #ifdef __x86_64__
42 #include <sys/efi.h>
43 #include <machine/metadata.h>
44 #endif
45 
46 #include <machine/inttypes.h>
47 
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <err.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <stdio.h>
52 #include <stdlib.h>
53 #include <string.h>
54 #include <unistd.h>
55 
56 static int	aflag, bflag, dflag, eflag, Nflag, nflag, oflag, xflag;
57 static int	iflag, qflag;
58 
59 static int	oidfmt(int *, size_t, char *, u_int *);
60 static int	parse(const char *);
61 static int	show_var(int *, size_t);
62 static int	sysctl_all(int *, size_t);
63 static void	set_T_dev_t(const char *, void **, size_t *);
64 static int	set_IK(const char *, int *);
65 
66 static void
67 usage(void)
68 {
69 
70 	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
71 	    "usage: sysctl [-bdeNnox] variable[=value] ...",
72 	    "       sysctl [-bdeNnox] -a");
73 	exit(1);
74 }
75 
76 int
77 main(int argc, char **argv)
78 {
79 	int ch;
80 	int warncount;
81 
82 	setbuf(stdout,0);
83 	setbuf(stderr,0);
84 
85 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "AabdeiNnoqwxX")) != -1) {
86 		switch (ch) {
87 		case 'A':
88 			/* compatibility */
89 			aflag = oflag = 1;
90 			break;
91 		case 'a':
92 			aflag = 1;
93 			break;
94 		case 'b':
95 			bflag = 1;
96 			break;
97 		case 'd':
98 			dflag = 1;
99 			break;
100 		case 'e':
101 			eflag = 1;
102 			break;
103 		case 'i':
104 			iflag = 1;
105 			break;
106 		case 'N':
107 			Nflag = 1;
108 			break;
109 		case 'n':
110 			nflag = 1;
111 			break;
112 		case 'o':
113 			oflag = 1;
114 			break;
115 		case 'q':
116 			qflag = 1;
117 			break;
118 		case 'w':
119 			/* compatibility */
120 			/* ignored */
121 			break;
122 		case 'X':
123 			/* compatibility */
124 			aflag = xflag = 1;
125 			break;
126 		case 'x':
127 			xflag = 1;
128 			break;
129 		default:
130 			usage();
131 		}
132 	}
133 	argc -= optind;
134 	argv += optind;
135 
136 	if (Nflag && nflag)
137 		usage();
138 	if (aflag && argc == 0)
139 		exit(sysctl_all(0, 0));
140 	if (argc == 0)
141 		usage();
142 	warncount = 0;
143 	while (argc-- > 0)
144 		warncount += parse(*argv++);
145 
146 	return warncount;
147 }
148 
149 /*
150  * Parse a name into a MIB entry.
151  * Lookup and print out the MIB entry if it exists.
152  * Set a new value if requested.
153  */
154 static int
155 parse(const char *string)
156 {
157 	size_t len;
158 	int i, j;
159 	void *newval = NULL;
160 	uint32_t u32val;
161 	int intval;
162 	unsigned int uintval;
163 	long longval;
164 	unsigned long ulongval;
165 	size_t newsize = 0;
166 	quad_t quadval;
167 	u_quad_t uquadval;
168 	int mib[CTL_MAXNAME];
169 	char *cp, fmt[BUFSIZ];
170 	const char *name;
171 	char *name_allocated = NULL;
172 	u_int kind;
173 
174 	if ((cp = strchr(string, '=')) != NULL) {
175 		if ((name_allocated = malloc(cp - string + 1)) == NULL)
176 			err(1, "malloc failed");
177 		strlcpy(name_allocated, string, cp - string + 1);
178 		name = name_allocated;
179 
180 		while (isspace(*++cp))
181 			;
182 
183 		newval = cp;
184 		newsize = strlen(cp);
185 	} else {
186 		name = string;
187 	}
188 
189 	len = CTL_MAXNAME;
190 	if (sysctlnametomib(name, mib, &len) < 0) {
191 		if (iflag)
192 			return 0;
193 		if (qflag)
194 			return 1;
195 		if (errno == ENOENT) {
196 			errx(1, "unknown oid '%s'", name);
197 		} else {
198 			err(1, "sysctlnametomib(\"%s\")", name);
199 		}
200 	}
201 
202 	if (oidfmt(mib, len, fmt, &kind)) {
203 		warn("couldn't find format of oid '%s'", name);
204 		if (iflag)
205 			return 1;
206 		exit(1);
207 	}
208 
209 	if (newval == NULL) {
210 		if ((kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_NODE) {
211 			sysctl_all(mib, len);
212 		} else {
213 			i = show_var(mib, len);
214 			if (!i && !bflag)
215 				putchar('\n');
216 		}
217 	} else {
218 		if ((kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_NODE)
219 			errx(1, "oid '%s' isn't a leaf node", name);
220 
221 		if (!(kind&CTLFLAG_WR))
222 			errx(1, "oid '%s' is read only", name);
223 
224 		switch (kind & CTLTYPE) {
225 			case CTLTYPE_INT:
226 				if (!(strcmp(fmt, "IK") == 0)) {
227 					if (!set_IK(newval, &intval))
228 						errx(1, "invalid value '%s'",
229 						    (char *)newval);
230 				} else
231 					intval = (int) strtol(newval, NULL, 0);
232 				newval = &intval;
233 				newsize = sizeof(intval);
234 				break;
235 			case CTLTYPE_UINT:
236 				uintval = (int) strtoul(newval, NULL, 0);
237 				newval = &uintval;
238 				newsize = sizeof uintval;
239 				break;
240 			case CTLTYPE_LONG:
241 				longval = strtol(newval, NULL, 0);
242 				newval = &longval;
243 				newsize = sizeof longval;
244 				break;
245 			case CTLTYPE_ULONG:
246 				ulongval = strtoul(newval, NULL, 0);
247 				newval = &ulongval;
248 				newsize = sizeof ulongval;
249 				break;
250 			case CTLTYPE_STRING:
251 				break;
252 			case CTLTYPE_QUAD:
253 				quadval = strtoq(newval, NULL, 0);
254 				newval = &quadval;
255 				newsize = sizeof(quadval);
256 				break;
257 			case CTLTYPE_UQUAD:
258 				uquadval = strtouq(newval, NULL, 0);
259 				newval = &uquadval;
260 				newsize = sizeof(uquadval);
261 				break;
262 			case CTLTYPE_U32:
263 				u32val = (uint32_t)strtoul(newval, NULL, 0);
264 				newval = &u32val;
265 				newsize = sizeof(u32val);
266 				break;
267 			case CTLTYPE_OPAQUE:
268 				if (strcmp(fmt, "T,dev_t") == 0 ||
269 				    strcmp(fmt, "T,udev_t") == 0
270 				) {
271 					set_T_dev_t((char*)newval, &newval,
272 						    &newsize);
273 					break;
274 				}
275 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
276 			default:
277 				errx(1, "oid '%s' is type %d,"
278 					" cannot set that", name,
279 					kind & CTLTYPE);
280 		}
281 
282 		i = show_var(mib, len);
283 		if (sysctl(mib, len, 0, 0, newval, newsize) == -1) {
284 			if (!i && !bflag)
285 				putchar('\n');
286 			switch (errno) {
287 			case EOPNOTSUPP:
288 				errx(1, "%s: value is not available",
289 					string);
290 			case ENOTDIR:
291 				errx(1, "%s: specification is incomplete",
292 					string);
293 			case ENOMEM:
294 				errx(1, "%s: type is unknown to this program",
295 					string);
296 			default:
297 				warn("%s", string);
298 				return 1;
299 			}
300 		}
301 		if (!bflag)
302 			printf(" -> ");
303 		i = nflag;
304 		nflag = 1;
305 		j = show_var(mib, len);
306 		if (!j && !bflag)
307 			putchar('\n');
308 		nflag = i;
309 	}
310 
311 	if (name_allocated != NULL)
312 		free(name_allocated);
313 
314 	return 0;
315 }
316 
317 /* These functions will dump out various interesting structures. */
318 
319 static int
320 S_clockinfo(size_t l2, void *p)
321 {
322 	struct clockinfo *ci = (struct clockinfo*)p;
323 	if (l2 != sizeof(*ci))
324 		err(1, "S_clockinfo %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*ci));
325 	printf("{ hz = %d, tick = %d, tickadj = %d, profhz = %d, stathz = %d }",
326 		ci->hz, ci->tick, ci->tickadj, ci->profhz, ci->stathz);
327 	return (0);
328 }
329 
330 static int
331 S_loadavg(size_t l2, void *p)
332 {
333 	struct loadavg *tv = (struct loadavg*)p;
334 
335 	if (l2 != sizeof(*tv))
336 		err(1, "S_loadavg %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*tv));
337 
338 	printf("{ %.2f %.2f %.2f }",
339 		(double)tv->ldavg[0]/(double)tv->fscale,
340 		(double)tv->ldavg[1]/(double)tv->fscale,
341 		(double)tv->ldavg[2]/(double)tv->fscale);
342 	return (0);
343 }
344 
345 static int
346 S_timespec(size_t l2, void *p)
347 {
348 	struct timespec *ts = (struct timespec*)p;
349 	time_t tv_sec;
350 	char *p1, *p2;
351 
352 	if (l2 != sizeof(*ts))
353 		err(1, "S_timespec %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*ts));
354 	printf("{ sec = %ld, nsec = %ld } ",
355 		ts->tv_sec, ts->tv_nsec);
356 	tv_sec = ts->tv_sec;
357 	p1 = strdup(ctime(&tv_sec));
358 	for (p2=p1; *p2 ; p2++)
359 		if (*p2 == '\n')
360 			*p2 = '\0';
361 	fputs(p1, stdout);
362 	return (0);
363 }
364 
365 static int
366 S_timeval(size_t l2, void *p)
367 {
368 	struct timeval *tv = (struct timeval*)p;
369 	time_t tv_sec;
370 	char *p1, *p2;
371 
372 	if (l2 != sizeof(*tv))
373 		err(1, "S_timeval %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*tv));
374 	printf("{ sec = %ld, usec = %ld } ",
375 		tv->tv_sec, tv->tv_usec);
376 	tv_sec = tv->tv_sec;
377 	p1 = strdup(ctime(&tv_sec));
378 	for (p2=p1; *p2 ; p2++)
379 		if (*p2 == '\n')
380 			*p2 = '\0';
381 	fputs(p1, stdout);
382 	return (0);
383 }
384 
385 static int
386 S_sensor(size_t l2, void *p)
387 {
388 	struct sensor *s = (struct sensor *)p;
389 
390 	if (l2 != sizeof(*s)) {
391 		warnx("S_sensor %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*s));
392 		return (1);
393 	}
394 
395 	if (s->flags & SENSOR_FINVALID) {
396 		/*
397 		 * XXX: with this flag, the node should be entirely ignored,
398 		 * but as the magic-based sysctl(8) is not too flexible, we
399 		 * simply have to print out that the sensor is invalid.
400 		 */
401 		printf("invalid");
402 		return (0);
403 	}
404 
405 	if (s->flags & SENSOR_FUNKNOWN)
406 		printf("unknown");
407 	else {
408 		switch (s->type) {
409 		case SENSOR_TEMP:
410 			printf("%.2f degC",
411 			    (s->value - 273150000) / 1000000.0);
412 			break;
413 		case SENSOR_FANRPM:
414 			printf("%jd RPM", (intmax_t)s->value);
415 			break;
416 		case SENSOR_VOLTS_DC:
417 			printf("%.2f VDC", s->value / 1000000.0);
418 			break;
419 		case SENSOR_WATTS:
420 			printf("%.2f W", s->value / 1000000.0);
421 			break;
422 		case SENSOR_AMPS:
423 			printf("%.2f A", s->value / 1000000.0);
424 			break;
425 		case SENSOR_WATTHOUR:
426 			printf("%.2f Wh", s->value / 1000000.0);
427 			break;
428 		case SENSOR_AMPHOUR:
429 			printf("%.2f Ah", s->value / 1000000.0);
430 			break;
431 		case SENSOR_INDICATOR:
432 			printf("%s", s->value ? "On" : "Off");
433 			break;
434 		case SENSOR_FREQ:
435 			printf("%jd Hz", (intmax_t)s->value);
436 			break;
437 		case SENSOR_ECC:
438 		case SENSOR_INTEGER:
439 			printf("%jd", (intmax_t)s->value);
440 			break;
441 		case SENSOR_PERCENT:
442 			printf("%.2f%%", s->value / 1000.0);
443 			break;
444 		case SENSOR_LUX:
445 			printf("%.2f lx", s->value / 1000000.0);
446 			break;
447 		case SENSOR_DRIVE:
448 		{
449 			const char *name;
450 
451 			switch (s->value) {
452 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_EMPTY:
453 				name = "empty";
454 				break;
455 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_READY:
456 				name = "ready";
457 				break;
458 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_POWERUP:
459 				name = "powering up";
460 				break;
461 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_ONLINE:
462 				name = "online";
463 				break;
464 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_IDLE:
465 				name = "idle";
466 				break;
467 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_ACTIVE:
468 				name = "active";
469 				break;
470 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_REBUILD:
471 				name = "rebuilding";
472 				break;
473 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_POWERDOWN:
474 				name = "powering down";
475 				break;
476 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_FAIL:
477 				name = "failed";
478 				break;
479 			case SENSOR_DRIVE_PFAIL:
480 				name = "degraded";
481 				break;
482 			default:
483 				name = "unknown";
484 				break;
485 			}
486 			printf("%s", name);
487 			break;
488 		}
489 		case SENSOR_TIMEDELTA:
490 			printf("%.6f secs", s->value / 1000000000.0);
491 			break;
492 		default:
493 			printf("unknown");
494 		}
495 	}
496 
497 	if (s->desc[0] != '\0')
498 		printf(" (%s)", s->desc);
499 
500 	switch (s->status) {
501 	case SENSOR_S_UNSPEC:
502 		break;
503 	case SENSOR_S_OK:
504 		printf(", OK");
505 		break;
506 	case SENSOR_S_WARN:
507 		printf(", WARNING");
508 		break;
509 	case SENSOR_S_CRIT:
510 		printf(", CRITICAL");
511 		break;
512 	case SENSOR_S_UNKNOWN:
513 		printf(", UNKNOWN");
514 		break;
515 	}
516 
517 	if (s->tv.tv_sec) {
518 		time_t t = s->tv.tv_sec;
519 		char ct[26];
520 
521 		ctime_r(&t, ct);
522 		ct[19] = '\0';
523 		printf(", %s.%03ld", ct, s->tv.tv_usec / 1000);
524 	}
525 
526 	return (0);
527 }
528 
529 #ifdef __x86_64__
530 static int
531 S_efi_map(size_t l2, void *p)
532 {
533 	struct efi_map_header *efihdr;
534 	struct efi_md *map;
535 	const char *type;
536 	size_t efisz;
537 	int ndesc, i;
538 
539 	static const char *types[] = {
540 		"Reserved",
541 		"LoaderCode",
542 		"LoaderData",
543 		"BootServicesCode",
544 		"BootServicesData",
545 		"RuntimeServicesCode",
546 		"RuntimeServicesData",
547 		"ConventionalMemory",
548 		"UnusableMemory",
549 		"ACPIReclaimMemory",
550 		"ACPIMemoryNVS",
551 		"MemoryMappedIO",
552 		"MemoryMappedIOPortSpace",
553 		"PalCode"
554 	};
555 
556 	/*
557 	 * Memory map data provided by UEFI via the GetMemoryMap
558 	 * Boot Services API.
559 	 */
560 	if (l2 < sizeof(*efihdr)) {
561 		warnx("S_efi_map length less than header");
562 		return (1);
563 	}
564 	efihdr = p;
565 	efisz = (sizeof(struct efi_map_header) + 0xf) & ~0xf;
566 	map = (struct efi_md *)((uint8_t *)efihdr + efisz);
567 
568 	if (efihdr->descriptor_size == 0)
569 		return (0);
570 	if (l2 != efisz + efihdr->memory_size) {
571 		warnx("S_efi_map length mismatch %zu vs %zu", l2, efisz +
572 		    efihdr->memory_size);
573 		return (1);
574 	}
575 	ndesc = efihdr->memory_size / efihdr->descriptor_size;
576 
577 	printf("\n%23s %12s %12s %8s %4s",
578 	    "Type", "Physical", "Virtual", "#Pages", "Attr");
579 
580 	for (i = 0; i < ndesc; i++,
581 	    map = efi_next_descriptor(map, efihdr->descriptor_size)) {
582 		if (map->md_type <= EFI_MD_TYPE_PALCODE)
583 			type = types[map->md_type];
584 		else
585 			type = "<INVALID>";
586 		printf("\n%23s %012lx %12p %08lx ", type, map->md_phys,
587 		    map->md_virt, map->md_pages);
588 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_UC)
589 			printf("UC ");
590 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_WC)
591 			printf("WC ");
592 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_WT)
593 			printf("WT ");
594 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_WB)
595 			printf("WB ");
596 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_UCE)
597 			printf("UCE ");
598 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_WP)
599 			printf("WP ");
600 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_RP)
601 			printf("RP ");
602 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_XP)
603 			printf("XP ");
604 		if (map->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_RT)
605 			printf("RUNTIME");
606 	}
607 	return (0);
608 }
609 #endif
610 
611 static int
612 T_dev_t(size_t l2, void *p)
613 {
614 	dev_t *d = (dev_t *)p;
615 	if (l2 != sizeof(*d))
616 		err(1, "T_dev_T %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*d));
617 	if ((int)(*d) != -1) {
618 		if (minor(*d) > 255 || minor(*d) < 0)
619 			printf("{ major = %d, minor = 0x%x }",
620 				major(*d), minor(*d));
621 		else
622 			printf("{ major = %d, minor = %d }",
623 				major(*d), minor(*d));
624 	}
625 	return (0);
626 }
627 
628 static void
629 set_T_dev_t(const char *path, void **val, size_t *size)
630 {
631 	static struct stat statb;
632 
633 	if (strcmp(path, "none") && strcmp(path, "off")) {
634 		int rc = stat (path, &statb);
635 		if (rc) {
636 			err(1, "cannot stat %s", path);
637 		}
638 
639 		if (!S_ISCHR(statb.st_mode)) {
640 			errx(1, "must specify a device special file.");
641 		}
642 	} else {
643 		statb.st_rdev = NODEV;
644 	}
645 	*val = (char*) &statb.st_rdev;
646 	*size = sizeof statb.st_rdev;
647 }
648 
649 static int
650 set_IK(const char *str, int *val)
651 {
652 	float temp;
653 	int len, kelv;
654 	const char *p;
655 	char *endptr;
656 
657 	if ((len = strlen(str)) == 0)
658 		return (0);
659 	p = &str[len - 1];
660 	if (*p == 'C' || *p == 'F') {
661 		temp = strtof(str, &endptr);
662 		if (endptr == str || endptr != p)
663 			return 0;
664 		if (*p == 'F')
665 			temp = (temp - 32) * 5 / 9;
666 		kelv = temp * 10 + 2732;
667 	} else {
668 		/*
669 		 * I would like to just use, 0 but it would make numbers
670 		 * like '023' which were interpreted as decimal before
671 		 * suddenly interpreted as octal.
672 		 */
673 		if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X'))
674 			kelv = (int)strtol(str, &endptr, 0);
675 		else
676 			kelv = (int)strtol(str, &endptr, 10);
677 		if (endptr == str || *endptr != '\0')
678 			return 0;
679 	}
680 	*val = kelv;
681 	return 1;
682 }
683 
684 /*
685  * These functions uses a presently undocumented interface to the kernel
686  * to walk the tree and get the type so it can print the value.
687  * This interface is under work and consideration, and should probably
688  * be killed with a big axe by the first person who can find the time.
689  * (be aware though, that the proper interface isn't as obvious as it
690  * may seem, there are various conflicting requirements.
691  */
692 
693 static int
694 oidfmt(int *oid, size_t len, char *fmt, u_int *kind)
695 {
696 	int qoid[CTL_MAXNAME+2];
697 	u_char buf[BUFSIZ];
698 	int i;
699 	size_t j;
700 
701 	qoid[0] = 0;
702 	qoid[1] = 4;
703 	memcpy(qoid + 2, oid, len * sizeof(int));
704 
705 	j = sizeof(buf);
706 	i = sysctl(qoid, len + 2, buf, &j, 0, 0);
707 	if (i)
708 		err(1, "sysctl fmt %d %zu %d", i, j, errno);
709 
710 	if (kind)
711 		*kind = *(u_int *)buf;
712 
713 	if (fmt)
714 		strcpy(fmt, (char *)(buf + sizeof(u_int)));
715 	return 0;
716 }
717 
718 /*
719  * This formats and outputs the value of one variable
720  *
721  * Returns zero if anything was actually output.
722  * Returns one if didn't know what to do with this.
723  * Return minus one if we had errors.
724  */
725 
726 static int
727 show_var(int *oid, size_t nlen)
728 {
729 	u_char buf[BUFSIZ], *val = NULL, *p, *nul;
730 	char name[BUFSIZ], *fmt;
731 	const char *sep, *spacer;
732 	int qoid[CTL_MAXNAME+2];
733 	int i;
734 	size_t j, len;
735 	u_int kind;
736 	int (*func)(size_t, void *);
737 	int error = 0;
738 
739 	qoid[0] = 0;
740 	memcpy(qoid + 2, oid, nlen * sizeof(int));
741 
742 	qoid[1] = 1;
743 	j = sizeof(name);
744 	i = sysctl(qoid, nlen + 2, name, &j, 0, 0);
745 	if (i || !j)
746 		err(1, "sysctl name %d %zu %d", i, j, errno);
747 
748 	if (Nflag) {
749 		printf("%s", name);
750 		return (0);
751 	}
752 
753 	if (eflag)
754 		sep = "=";
755 	else
756 		sep = ": ";
757 
758 	if (dflag) {	/* just print description */
759 		qoid[1] = 5;
760 		j = sizeof(buf);
761 		i = sysctl(qoid, nlen + 2, buf, &j, 0, 0);
762 		if (!nflag)
763 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
764 		printf("%s", buf);
765 		return(0);
766 	}
767 	/* find an estimate of how much we need for this var */
768 	j = 0;
769 	i = sysctl(oid, nlen, 0, &j, 0, 0);
770 	j += j; /* we want to be sure :-) */
771 
772 	val = malloc(j + 1);
773 	if (val == NULL)
774 		return (1);
775 
776 	len = j;
777 	i = sysctl(oid, nlen, val, &len, 0, 0);
778 	if (i || !len) {
779 		error = 1;
780 		goto done;
781 	}
782 
783 	if (bflag) {
784 		fwrite(val, 1, len, stdout);
785 		goto done;
786 	}
787 
788 	val[len] = '\0';
789 	fmt = buf;
790 	oidfmt(oid, nlen, fmt, &kind);
791 	p = val;
792 	switch (*fmt) {
793 	case 'A':
794 		if (!nflag)
795 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
796 		nul = memchr(p, '\0', len);
797 		fwrite(p, nul == NULL ? (int)len : nul - p, 1, stdout);
798 		return (0);
799 
800 	case 'I':
801 		if (!nflag)
802 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
803 		fmt++;
804 		spacer = "";
805 		while (len >= sizeof(int)) {
806 			if(*fmt == 'U')
807 				printf("%s%u", spacer, *(unsigned int *)p);
808 			else if (*fmt == 'K' && *(int *)p >= 0)
809 				printf("%s%.1fC", spacer, (*(int *)p - 2732) / 10.0);
810 			else
811 				printf("%s%d", spacer, *(int *)p);
812 			spacer = " ";
813 			len -= sizeof(int);
814 			p += sizeof(int);
815 		}
816 		goto done;
817 
818 	case 'L':
819 		if (!nflag)
820 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
821 		fmt++;
822 		spacer = "";
823 		while (len >= sizeof(long)) {
824 			if(*fmt == 'U')
825 				printf("%s%lu", spacer, *(unsigned long *)p);
826 			else
827 				printf("%s%ld", spacer, *(long *)p);
828 			spacer = " ";
829 			len -= sizeof(long);
830 			p += sizeof(long);
831 		}
832 		goto done;
833 
834 	case 'P':
835 		if (!nflag)
836 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
837 		printf("%p", *(void **)p);
838 		goto done;
839 
840 	case 'Q':
841 		if (!nflag)
842 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
843 		fmt++;
844 		spacer = "";
845 		while (len >= sizeof(quad_t)) {
846 			if(*fmt == 'U') {
847 				printf("%s%ju",
848 				       spacer, (uintmax_t)*(u_quad_t *)p);
849 			} else {
850 				printf("%s%jd",
851 				       spacer, (intmax_t)*(quad_t *)p);
852 			}
853 			spacer = " ";
854 			len -= sizeof(int64_t);
855 			p += sizeof(int64_t);
856 		}
857 		goto done;
858 
859 	case 'T':
860 	case 'S':
861 		if (!oflag && !xflag) {
862 			i = 0;
863 			if (strcmp(fmt, "S,clockinfo") == 0)
864 				func = S_clockinfo;
865 			else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,timespec") == 0)
866 				func = S_timespec;
867 			else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,timeval") == 0)
868 				func = S_timeval;
869 			else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,loadavg") == 0)
870 				func = S_loadavg;
871 			else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,sensor") == 0)
872 				func = S_sensor;
873 #ifdef __x86_64__
874 			else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,efi_map_header") == 0)
875 				func = S_efi_map;
876 #endif
877 			else if (strcmp(fmt, "T,dev_t") == 0)
878 				func = T_dev_t;
879 			else if (strcmp(fmt, "T,udev_t") == 0)
880 				func = T_dev_t;
881 			else
882 				func = NULL;
883 			if (func) {
884 				if (!nflag)
885 					printf("%s%s", name, sep);
886 				error = (*func)(len, p);
887 				goto done;
888 			}
889 		}
890 		/* FALL THROUGH */
891 	default:
892 		if (!oflag && !xflag) {
893 			error = 1;
894 			goto done;
895 		}
896 		if (!nflag)
897 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
898 		printf("Format:%s Length:%zu Dump:0x", fmt, len);
899 		while (len-- && (xflag || p < val + 16))
900 			printf("%02x", *p++);
901 		if (!xflag && len > 16)
902 			printf("...");
903 		goto done;
904 	}
905 
906 done:
907 	if (val != NULL)
908 		free(val);
909 	return (error);
910 }
911 
912 static int
913 sysctl_all(int *oid, size_t len)
914 {
915 	int name1[22], name2[22];
916 	int retval;
917 	size_t i, l1, l2;
918 
919 	name1[0] = 0;
920 	name1[1] = 2;
921 	l1 = 2;
922 	if (len) {
923 		memcpy(name1+2, oid, len * sizeof(int));
924 		l1 += len;
925 	} else {
926 		name1[2] = 1;
927 		l1++;
928 	}
929 	for (;;) {
930 		l2 = sizeof(name2);
931 		retval = sysctl(name1, l1, name2, &l2, 0, 0);
932 		if (retval < 0) {
933 			if (errno == ENOENT)
934 				return 0;
935 			else
936 				err(1, "sysctl(getnext) %d %zu", retval, l2);
937 		}
938 
939 		l2 /= sizeof(int);
940 
941 		if (l2 < len)
942 			return 0;
943 
944 		for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
945 			if (name2[i] != oid[i])
946 				return 0;
947 
948 		retval = show_var(name2, l2);
949 		if (retval == 0 && !bflag)
950 			putchar('\n');
951 
952 		memcpy(name1+2, name2, l2 * sizeof(int));
953 		l1 = 2 + l2;
954 	}
955 }
956