xref: /dflybsd-src/lib/libc/stdlib/rand.c (revision 7bf9db4a618e6a5b681924815967136014841f0a)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * Posix rand_r function added May 1999 by Wes Peters <wes@softweyr.com>.
30  *
31  * @(#)rand.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/14/93
32  * $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/stdlib/rand.c,v 1.17 2007/12/11 20:39:32 ache Exp $
33  */
34 
35 #include "namespace.h"
36 #include <sys/time.h>          /* for sranddev() */
37 #include <sys/types.h>
38 #include <fcntl.h>             /* for sranddev() */
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <unistd.h>            /* for sranddev() */
41 #include "un-namespace.h"
42 
43 #ifdef TEST
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #endif /* TEST */
46 
47 /*
48  * Compute x = (7^5 * x) mod (2^31 - 1)
49  * without overflowing 31 bits:
50  *      (2^31 - 1) = 127773 * (7^5) + 2836
51  * From "Random number generators: good ones are hard to find",
52  * Park and Miller, Communications of the ACM, vol. 31, no. 10,
53  * October 1988, p. 1195.
54  */
55 static int
56 do_rand(unsigned long *ctx)
57 {
58 	long hi, lo, x;
59 
60 	/* Can't be initialized with 0, so use another value. */
61 	if (*ctx == 0)
62 		*ctx = 123459876;
63 	hi = *ctx / 127773;
64 	lo = *ctx % 127773;
65 	x = 16807 * lo - 2836 * hi;
66 	if (x < 0)
67 		x += 0x7fffffff;
68 	return ((*ctx = x) % ((u_long)RAND_MAX + 1));
69 }
70 
71 
72 int
73 rand_r(unsigned int *ctx)
74 {
75 	u_long val = (u_long) *ctx;
76 	int r = do_rand(&val);
77 
78 	*ctx = (unsigned int) val;
79 	return (r);
80 }
81 
82 
83 static u_long next = 1;
84 
85 int
86 rand(void)
87 {
88 	return (do_rand(&next));
89 }
90 
91 void
92 srand(u_int seed)
93 {
94 	next = seed;
95 }
96 
97 
98 /*
99  * sranddev:
100  *
101  * Many programs choose the seed value in a totally predictable manner.
102  * This often causes problems.  We seed the generator using the much more
103  * secure random(4) interface.
104  */
105 void
106 sranddev(void)
107 {
108 	int fd, done;
109 
110 	done = 0;
111 	fd = _open("/dev/random", O_RDONLY, 0);
112 	if (fd >= 0) {
113 		if (_read(fd, (void *) &next, sizeof(next)) == sizeof(next))
114 			done = 1;
115 		_close(fd);
116 	}
117 
118 	if (!done) {
119 		struct timeval tv;
120 		unsigned long junk;	/* XXX left uninitialized on purpose */
121 
122 		gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
123 		srand((getpid() << 16) ^ tv.tv_sec ^ tv.tv_usec ^ junk);
124 	}
125 }
126 
127 
128 #ifdef TEST
129 
130 int
131 main(int argc __unused, char *argv[] __unused)
132 {
133     int i;
134     unsigned myseed;
135 
136     printf("seeding rand with 0x19610910: \n");
137     srand(0x19610910);
138 
139     printf("generating three pseudo-random numbers:\n");
140     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
141     {
142 	printf("next random number = %d\n", rand());
143     }
144 
145     printf("generating the same sequence with rand_r:\n");
146     myseed = 0x19610910;
147     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
148     {
149 	printf("next random number = %d\n", rand_r(&myseed));
150     }
151 
152     return 0;
153 }
154 
155 #endif /* TEST */
156 
157