1*05a0b428SJohn Marino /* @(#)s_atan.c 5.1 93/09/24 */
2*05a0b428SJohn Marino /*
3*05a0b428SJohn Marino * ====================================================
4*05a0b428SJohn Marino * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
5*05a0b428SJohn Marino *
6*05a0b428SJohn Marino * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
7*05a0b428SJohn Marino * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
8*05a0b428SJohn Marino * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
9*05a0b428SJohn Marino * is preserved.
10*05a0b428SJohn Marino * ====================================================
11*05a0b428SJohn Marino */
12*05a0b428SJohn Marino
13*05a0b428SJohn Marino /* atan(x)
14*05a0b428SJohn Marino * Method
15*05a0b428SJohn Marino * 1. Reduce x to positive by atan(x) = -atan(-x).
16*05a0b428SJohn Marino * 2. According to the integer k=4t+0.25 chopped, t=x, the argument
17*05a0b428SJohn Marino * is further reduced to one of the following intervals and the
18*05a0b428SJohn Marino * arctangent of t is evaluated by the corresponding formula:
19*05a0b428SJohn Marino *
20*05a0b428SJohn Marino * [0,7/16] atan(x) = t-t^3*(a1+t^2*(a2+...(a10+t^2*a11)...)
21*05a0b428SJohn Marino * [7/16,11/16] atan(x) = atan(1/2) + atan( (t-0.5)/(1+t/2) )
22*05a0b428SJohn Marino * [11/16.19/16] atan(x) = atan( 1 ) + atan( (t-1)/(1+t) )
23*05a0b428SJohn Marino * [19/16,39/16] atan(x) = atan(3/2) + atan( (t-1.5)/(1+1.5t) )
24*05a0b428SJohn Marino * [39/16,INF] atan(x) = atan(INF) + atan( -1/t )
25*05a0b428SJohn Marino *
26*05a0b428SJohn Marino * Constants:
27*05a0b428SJohn Marino * The hexadecimal values are the intended ones for the following
28*05a0b428SJohn Marino * constants. The decimal values may be used, provided that the
29*05a0b428SJohn Marino * compiler will convert from decimal to binary accurately enough
30*05a0b428SJohn Marino * to produce the hexadecimal values shown.
31*05a0b428SJohn Marino */
32*05a0b428SJohn Marino
33*05a0b428SJohn Marino #include <float.h>
34*05a0b428SJohn Marino #include <math.h>
35*05a0b428SJohn Marino
36*05a0b428SJohn Marino #include "math_private.h"
37*05a0b428SJohn Marino
38*05a0b428SJohn Marino static const double atanhi[] = {
39*05a0b428SJohn Marino 4.63647609000806093515e-01, /* atan(0.5)hi 0x3FDDAC67, 0x0561BB4F */
40*05a0b428SJohn Marino 7.85398163397448278999e-01, /* atan(1.0)hi 0x3FE921FB, 0x54442D18 */
41*05a0b428SJohn Marino 9.82793723247329054082e-01, /* atan(1.5)hi 0x3FEF730B, 0xD281F69B */
42*05a0b428SJohn Marino 1.57079632679489655800e+00, /* atan(inf)hi 0x3FF921FB, 0x54442D18 */
43*05a0b428SJohn Marino };
44*05a0b428SJohn Marino
45*05a0b428SJohn Marino static const double atanlo[] = {
46*05a0b428SJohn Marino 2.26987774529616870924e-17, /* atan(0.5)lo 0x3C7A2B7F, 0x222F65E2 */
47*05a0b428SJohn Marino 3.06161699786838301793e-17, /* atan(1.0)lo 0x3C81A626, 0x33145C07 */
48*05a0b428SJohn Marino 1.39033110312309984516e-17, /* atan(1.5)lo 0x3C700788, 0x7AF0CBBD */
49*05a0b428SJohn Marino 6.12323399573676603587e-17, /* atan(inf)lo 0x3C91A626, 0x33145C07 */
50*05a0b428SJohn Marino };
51*05a0b428SJohn Marino
52*05a0b428SJohn Marino static const double aT[] = {
53*05a0b428SJohn Marino 3.33333333333329318027e-01, /* 0x3FD55555, 0x5555550D */
54*05a0b428SJohn Marino -1.99999999998764832476e-01, /* 0xBFC99999, 0x9998EBC4 */
55*05a0b428SJohn Marino 1.42857142725034663711e-01, /* 0x3FC24924, 0x920083FF */
56*05a0b428SJohn Marino -1.11111104054623557880e-01, /* 0xBFBC71C6, 0xFE231671 */
57*05a0b428SJohn Marino 9.09088713343650656196e-02, /* 0x3FB745CD, 0xC54C206E */
58*05a0b428SJohn Marino -7.69187620504482999495e-02, /* 0xBFB3B0F2, 0xAF749A6D */
59*05a0b428SJohn Marino 6.66107313738753120669e-02, /* 0x3FB10D66, 0xA0D03D51 */
60*05a0b428SJohn Marino -5.83357013379057348645e-02, /* 0xBFADDE2D, 0x52DEFD9A */
61*05a0b428SJohn Marino 4.97687799461593236017e-02, /* 0x3FA97B4B, 0x24760DEB */
62*05a0b428SJohn Marino -3.65315727442169155270e-02, /* 0xBFA2B444, 0x2C6A6C2F */
63*05a0b428SJohn Marino 1.62858201153657823623e-02, /* 0x3F90AD3A, 0xE322DA11 */
64*05a0b428SJohn Marino };
65*05a0b428SJohn Marino
66*05a0b428SJohn Marino static const double
67*05a0b428SJohn Marino one = 1.0,
68*05a0b428SJohn Marino huge = 1.0e300;
69*05a0b428SJohn Marino
70*05a0b428SJohn Marino double
atan(double x)71*05a0b428SJohn Marino atan(double x)
72*05a0b428SJohn Marino {
73*05a0b428SJohn Marino double w,s1,s2,z;
74*05a0b428SJohn Marino int32_t ix,hx,id;
75*05a0b428SJohn Marino
76*05a0b428SJohn Marino GET_HIGH_WORD(hx,x);
77*05a0b428SJohn Marino ix = hx&0x7fffffff;
78*05a0b428SJohn Marino if(ix>=0x44100000) { /* if |x| >= 2^66 */
79*05a0b428SJohn Marino u_int32_t low;
80*05a0b428SJohn Marino GET_LOW_WORD(low,x);
81*05a0b428SJohn Marino if(ix>0x7ff00000||
82*05a0b428SJohn Marino (ix==0x7ff00000&&(low!=0)))
83*05a0b428SJohn Marino return x+x; /* NaN */
84*05a0b428SJohn Marino if(hx>0) return atanhi[3]+atanlo[3];
85*05a0b428SJohn Marino else return -atanhi[3]-atanlo[3];
86*05a0b428SJohn Marino } if (ix < 0x3fdc0000) { /* |x| < 0.4375 */
87*05a0b428SJohn Marino if (ix < 0x3e200000) { /* |x| < 2^-29 */
88*05a0b428SJohn Marino if(huge+x>one) return x; /* raise inexact */
89*05a0b428SJohn Marino }
90*05a0b428SJohn Marino id = -1;
91*05a0b428SJohn Marino } else {
92*05a0b428SJohn Marino x = fabs(x);
93*05a0b428SJohn Marino if (ix < 0x3ff30000) { /* |x| < 1.1875 */
94*05a0b428SJohn Marino if (ix < 0x3fe60000) { /* 7/16 <=|x|<11/16 */
95*05a0b428SJohn Marino id = 0; x = (2.0*x-one)/(2.0+x);
96*05a0b428SJohn Marino } else { /* 11/16<=|x|< 19/16 */
97*05a0b428SJohn Marino id = 1; x = (x-one)/(x+one);
98*05a0b428SJohn Marino }
99*05a0b428SJohn Marino } else {
100*05a0b428SJohn Marino if (ix < 0x40038000) { /* |x| < 2.4375 */
101*05a0b428SJohn Marino id = 2; x = (x-1.5)/(one+1.5*x);
102*05a0b428SJohn Marino } else { /* 2.4375 <= |x| < 2^66 */
103*05a0b428SJohn Marino id = 3; x = -1.0/x;
104*05a0b428SJohn Marino }
105*05a0b428SJohn Marino }}
106*05a0b428SJohn Marino /* end of argument reduction */
107*05a0b428SJohn Marino z = x*x;
108*05a0b428SJohn Marino w = z*z;
109*05a0b428SJohn Marino /* break sum from i=0 to 10 aT[i]z**(i+1) into odd and even poly */
110*05a0b428SJohn Marino s1 = z*(aT[0]+w*(aT[2]+w*(aT[4]+w*(aT[6]+w*(aT[8]+w*aT[10])))));
111*05a0b428SJohn Marino s2 = w*(aT[1]+w*(aT[3]+w*(aT[5]+w*(aT[7]+w*aT[9]))));
112*05a0b428SJohn Marino if (id<0) return x - x*(s1+s2);
113*05a0b428SJohn Marino else {
114*05a0b428SJohn Marino z = atanhi[id] - ((x*(s1+s2) - atanlo[id]) - x);
115*05a0b428SJohn Marino return (hx<0)? -z:z;
116*05a0b428SJohn Marino }
117*05a0b428SJohn Marino }
118*05a0b428SJohn Marino
119*05a0b428SJohn Marino #if LDBL_MANT_DIG == DBL_MANT_DIG
120*05a0b428SJohn Marino __strong_alias(atanl, atan);
121*05a0b428SJohn Marino #endif /* LDBL_MANT_DIG == DBL_MANT_DIG */
122