xref: /csrg-svn/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision 31442)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986 Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
4  * specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
5  *
6  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	7.5 (Berkeley) 06/06/87
7  */
8 
9 #include "param.h"
10 #include "systm.h"
11 #include "mbuf.h"
12 #include "protosw.h"
13 #include "socket.h"
14 #include "socketvar.h"
15 #include "errno.h"
16 
17 #include "../net/route.h"
18 
19 #include "in.h"
20 #include "in_pcb.h"
21 #include "in_systm.h"
22 #include "ip.h"
23 #include "ip_var.h"
24 #include "tcp.h"
25 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
26 #include "tcp_fsm.h"
27 #include "tcp_seq.h"
28 #include "tcp_timer.h"
29 #include "tcp_var.h"
30 #include "tcpip.h"
31 #include "tcp_debug.h"
32 
33 /*
34  * Initial options.
35  */
36 u_char	tcp_initopt[4] = { TCPOPT_MAXSEG, 4, 0x0, 0x0, };
37 
38 /*
39  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
40  */
41 tcp_output(tp)
42 	register struct tcpcb *tp;
43 {
44 	register struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
45 	register int len, win;
46 	struct mbuf *m0;
47 	int off, flags, error;
48 	register struct mbuf *m;
49 	register struct tcpiphdr *ti;
50 	u_char *opt;
51 	unsigned optlen = 0;
52 	int idle, sendalot;
53 
54 	/*
55 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
56 	 * and flags that will be used.
57 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
58 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
59 	 */
60 	idle = (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
61 again:
62 	sendalot = 0;
63 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
64 	win = MIN(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
65 
66 	/*
67 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
68 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
69 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
70 	 * and go to transmit state.
71 	 */
72 	if (tp->t_force) {
73 		if (win == 0)
74 			win = 1;
75 		else {
76 			tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
77 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
78 		}
79 	}
80 
81 	len = MIN(so->so_snd.sb_cc, win) - off;
82 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
83 
84 	if (len < 0) {
85 		/*
86 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
87 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
88 		 * len will be -1; transmit if acking, otherwise no need.
89 		 * Otherwise, window shrank after we sent into it.
90 		 * If window shrank to 0, cancel pending retransmit
91 		 * and pull snd_nxt back to (closed) window.
92 		 * We will enter persist state below.
93 		 * If the window didn't close completely,
94 		 * just wait for an ACK.
95 		 */
96 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
97 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
98 				len = 0;
99 			else
100 				return (0);
101 		} else if (win == 0) {
102 			tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] = 0;
103 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
104 			len = 0;
105 		} else
106 			return (0);
107 	}
108 	if (len > tp->t_maxseg) {
109 		len = tp->t_maxseg;
110 		sendalot = 1;
111 	}
112 	if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una + so->so_snd.sb_cc))
113 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
114 	win = sbspace(&so->so_rcv);
115 
116 
117 	/*
118 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
119 	 * and we have not yet done so, or we're retransmitting the FIN,
120 	 * then we need to send.
121 	 */
122 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
123 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
124 		goto send;
125 	/*
126 	 * Send if we owe peer an ACK.
127 	 */
128 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
129 		goto send;
130 	if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_RST))
131 		goto send;
132 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
133 		goto send;
134 
135 	/*
136 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.  If connection is idle
137 	 * and can send all data, a maximum segment,
138 	 * at least a maximum default-size segment do it,
139 	 * or are forced, do it; otherwise don't bother.
140 	 * If peer's buffer is tiny, then send
141 	 * when window is at least half open.
142 	 * If retransmitting (possibly after persist timer forced us
143 	 * to send into a small window), then must resend.
144 	 */
145 	if (len) {
146 		if (len == tp->t_maxseg || len >= TCP_MSS)	/* a lot */
147 			goto send;
148 		if ((idle || tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY) &&
149 		    len + off >= so->so_snd.sb_cc)
150 			goto send;
151 		if (tp->t_force)
152 			goto send;
153 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2)
154 			goto send;
155 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
156 			goto send;
157 	}
158 
159 	/*
160 	 * Compare available window to amount of window
161 	 * known to peer (as advertised window less
162 	 * next expected input.)  If the difference is 35% or more of the
163 	 * maximum possible window, then want to send a window update to peer.
164 	 */
165 	if (win > 0 &&
166 	    ((100*(win-(tp->rcv_adv-tp->rcv_nxt))/so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat) >= 35))
167 		goto send;
168 
169 	/*
170 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
171 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
172 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
173 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
174 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
175 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
176 	 *
177 	 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST]
178 	 *	is set when we are in persist state.
179 	 * tp->t_force
180 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
181 	 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT]
182 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
183 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
184 	 *
185 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
186 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
187 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
188 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
189 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
190 	 */
191 	if (so->so_snd.sb_cc && tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
192 	    tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
193 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
194 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
195 	}
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
199 	 */
200 	return (0);
201 
202 send:
203 	/*
204 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
205 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
206 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
207 	 */
208 	MGET(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_HEADER);
209 	if (m == NULL)
210 		return (ENOBUFS);
211 	m->m_off = MMAXOFF - sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
212 	m->m_len = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
213 	if (len) {
214 		if (tp->t_force && len == 1)
215 			tcpstat.tcps_sndprobe++;
216 		else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
217 			tcpstat.tcps_sndrexmitpack++;
218 			tcpstat.tcps_sndrexmitbyte += len;
219 		} else {
220 			tcpstat.tcps_sndpack++;
221 			tcpstat.tcps_sndbyte += len;
222 		}
223 		m->m_next = m_copy(so->so_snd.sb_mb, off, len);
224 		if (m->m_next == 0)
225 			len = 0;
226 	} else if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
227 		tcpstat.tcps_sndacks++;
228 	else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
229 		tcpstat.tcps_sndctrl++;
230 	else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
231 		tcpstat.tcps_sndurg++;
232 	else
233 		tcpstat.tcps_sndwinup++;
234 
235 	ti = mtod(m, struct tcpiphdr *);
236 	if (tp->t_template == 0)
237 		panic("tcp_output");
238 	bcopy((caddr_t)tp->t_template, (caddr_t)ti, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr));
239 
240 	/*
241 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
242 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
243 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
244 	 */
245 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN && len == 0)
246 		tp->snd_nxt--;
247 	ti->ti_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
248 	ti->ti_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
249 	/*
250 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
251 	 * unless TCP set to not do any options.
252 	 */
253 	opt = NULL;
254 	if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
255 		u_short mss;
256 
257 		mss = MIN(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 2, tcp_mss(tp));
258 		if (mss > IP_MSS - sizeof(struct tcpiphdr)) {
259 			opt = tcp_initopt;
260 			optlen = sizeof (tcp_initopt);
261 			*(u_short *)(opt + 2) = htons(mss);
262 		}
263 	} else if (tp->t_tcpopt) {
264 		opt = mtod(tp->t_tcpopt, u_char *);
265 		optlen = tp->t_tcpopt->m_len;
266 	}
267 	if (opt) {
268 		m0 = m->m_next;
269 		m->m_next = m_get(M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
270 		if (m->m_next == 0) {
271 			(void) m_free(m);
272 			m_freem(m0);
273 			return (ENOBUFS);
274 		}
275 		m->m_next->m_next = m0;
276 		m0 = m->m_next;
277 		m0->m_len = optlen;
278 		bcopy((caddr_t)opt, mtod(m0, caddr_t), optlen);
279 		opt = (u_char *)(mtod(m0, caddr_t) + optlen);
280 		while (m0->m_len & 0x3) {
281 			*opt++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
282 			m0->m_len++;
283 		}
284 		optlen = m0->m_len;
285 		ti->ti_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
286 	}
287 	ti->ti_flags = flags;
288 	/*
289 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
290 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
291 	 */
292 	if (win < so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4 && win < tp->t_maxseg)
293 		win = 0;
294 	if (win < (int)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
295 		win = (int)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
296 	ti->ti_win = htons((u_short)win);
297 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
298 		ti->ti_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
299 		ti->ti_flags |= TH_URG;
300 	} else
301 		/*
302 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
303 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
304 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
305 		 * number wraparound.
306 		 */
307 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
308 	/*
309 	 * If anything to send and we can send it all, set PUSH.
310 	 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
311 	 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or a PUSH comes in.)
312 	 */
313 	if (len && off+len == so->so_snd.sb_cc)
314 		ti->ti_flags |= TH_PUSH;
315 
316 	/*
317 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
318 	 * checksum extended header and data.
319 	 */
320 	if (len + optlen)
321 		ti->ti_len = htons((u_short)(sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
322 		    optlen + len));
323 	ti->ti_sum = in_cksum(m, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + (int)optlen + len);
324 
325 	/*
326 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
327 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
328 	 */
329 	if (tp->t_force == 0 || tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
330 		/*
331 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
332 		 */
333 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
334 			tp->snd_nxt++;
335 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
336 			tp->snd_nxt++;
337 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
338 		}
339 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
340 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
341 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
342 			/*
343 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
344 			 * not currently timing anything.
345 			 */
346 			if (tp->t_rtt == 0) {
347 				tp->t_rtt = 1;
348 				tp->t_rtseq = tp->snd_nxt - len;
349 				tcpstat.tcps_segstimed++;
350 			}
351 		}
352 
353 		/*
354 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
355 		 * and not doing an ack or a keep-alive probe.
356 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is tcp_beta*tp->t_srtt.
357 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
358 		 * of retransmit time.
359 		 */
360 		if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
361 		    tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una) {
362 			TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT],
363 			  tcp_beta * (tp->t_srtt ? tp->t_srtt : TCPTV_SRTTDFLT),
364 			  TCPTV_MIN, TCPTV_MAX);
365 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
366 			tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
367 		}
368 	} else
369 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_max))
370 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + len;
371 
372 	/*
373 	 * Trace.
374 	 */
375 	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
376 		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, ti, 0);
377 
378 	/*
379 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
380 	 * send to IP level.
381 	 */
382 	((struct ip *)ti)->ip_len = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen + len;
383 	((struct ip *)ti)->ip_ttl = TCP_TTL;
384 	error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
385 	    so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE);
386 	if (error)
387 		return (error);
388 	tcpstat.tcps_sndtotal++;
389 
390 	/*
391 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
392 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
393 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
394 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
395 	 */
396 	if (win > 0 && SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt+win, tp->rcv_adv))
397 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + win;
398 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW|TF_DELACK);
399 	if (sendalot)
400 		goto again;
401 	return (0);
402 }
403 
404 tcp_setpersist(tp)
405 	register struct tcpcb *tp;
406 {
407 
408 	if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT])
409 		panic("tcp_output REXMT");
410 	/*
411 	 * Start/restart persistance timer.
412 	 */
413 	TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST],
414 	    ((int)(tcp_beta * tp->t_srtt)) << tp->t_rxtshift,
415 	    TCPTV_PERSMIN, TCPTV_MAX);
416 	tp->t_rxtshift++;
417 	if (tp->t_rxtshift >= TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
418 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
419 }
420