xref: /csrg-svn/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision 25261)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1982 Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
4  * specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
5  *
6  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	6.11 (Berkeley) 10/23/85
7  */
8 
9 #include "param.h"
10 #include "systm.h"
11 #include "mbuf.h"
12 #include "protosw.h"
13 #include "socket.h"
14 #include "socketvar.h"
15 #include "errno.h"
16 
17 #include "../net/route.h"
18 
19 #include "in.h"
20 #include "in_pcb.h"
21 #include "in_systm.h"
22 #include "ip.h"
23 #include "ip_var.h"
24 #include "tcp.h"
25 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
26 #include "tcp_fsm.h"
27 #include "tcp_seq.h"
28 #include "tcp_timer.h"
29 #include "tcp_var.h"
30 #include "tcpip.h"
31 #include "tcp_debug.h"
32 
33 /*
34  * Initial options.
35  */
36 u_char	tcp_initopt[4] = { TCPOPT_MAXSEG, 4, 0x0, 0x0, };
37 
38 /*
39  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
40  */
41 tcp_output(tp)
42 	register struct tcpcb *tp;
43 {
44 	register struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
45 	register int len;
46 	struct mbuf *m0;
47 	int off, flags, win, error;
48 	register struct mbuf *m;
49 	register struct tcpiphdr *ti;
50 	u_char *opt;
51 	unsigned optlen = 0;
52 	int sendalot;
53 
54 	/*
55 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
56 	 * and flags that will be used.
57 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
58 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
59 	 */
60 again:
61 	sendalot = 0;
62 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
63 	win = MIN(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
64 	/*
65 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
66 	 * Otherwise, window is small but nonzero
67 	 * and timer expired, go to transmit state.
68 	 */
69 	if (tp->t_force) {
70 		if (win == 0)
71 			win = 1;
72 		else {
73 			tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
74 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
75 		}
76 	}
77 	len = MIN(so->so_snd.sb_cc, win) - off;
78 	if (len < 0)
79 		return (0);	/* ??? */	/* past FIN */
80 	if (len > tp->t_maxseg) {
81 		len = tp->t_maxseg;
82 		/*
83 		 * Don't send more than one segment if retransmitting
84 		 * (or persisting, but then we shouldn't be here).
85 		 */
86 		if (tp->t_rxtshift == 0)
87 			sendalot = 1;
88 	}
89 
90 	win = sbspace(&so->so_rcv);
91 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
92 	if (tp->snd_nxt + len < tp->snd_una + so->so_snd.sb_cc)
93 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
94 	if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_RST|TH_FIN))
95 		goto send;
96 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
97 		goto send;
98 
99 	/*
100 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.  If connection is idle
101 	 * and can send all data, a maximum segment,
102 	 * at least a maximum default-size segment do it,
103 	 * or are forced, do it; otherwise don't bother.
104 	 * If peer's buffer is tiny, then send
105 	 * when window is at least half open.
106 	 * If retransmitting (possibly after persist timer forced us
107 	 * to send into a small window), then must resend.
108 	 */
109 	if (len) {
110 		if (len == tp->t_maxseg || len >= so->so_snd.sb_cc) /* off = 0*/
111 			goto send;
112 		if (len >= TCP_MSS)	/* a lot */
113 			goto send;
114 		if (tp->t_force)
115 			goto send;
116 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2)
117 			goto send;
118 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
119 			goto send;
120 	}
121 
122 	/*
123 	 * Send if we owe peer an ACK.
124 	 */
125 	if (tp->t_flags&TF_ACKNOW)
126 		goto send;
127 
128 
129 	/*
130 	 * Calculate available window, and also amount
131 	 * of window known to peer (as advertised window less
132 	 * next expected input.)  If the difference is 35% or more of the
133 	 * maximum possible window, then want to send a window update to peer.
134 	 */
135 	win = sbspace(&so->so_rcv);
136 	if (win > 0 &&
137 	    ((100*(win-(tp->rcv_adv-tp->rcv_nxt))/so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat) >= 35))
138 		goto send;
139 
140 	/*
141 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
142 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
143 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
144 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
145 	 *	persisting		to move a zero window
146 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
147 	 *
148 	 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST]
149 	 *	is set when we are in persist state.
150 	 * tp->t_force
151 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
152 	 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT]
153 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
154 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
155 	 *
156 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
157 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
158 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
159 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
160 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
161 	 */
162 	if (so->so_snd.sb_cc && tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
163 	    tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
164 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
165 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
166 	}
167 
168 	/*
169 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
170 	 */
171 	return (0);
172 
173 send:
174 	/*
175 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
176 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
177 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
178 	 */
179 	MGET(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_HEADER);
180 	if (m == NULL)
181 		return (ENOBUFS);
182 	m->m_off = MMAXOFF - sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
183 	m->m_len = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
184 	if (len) {
185 		m->m_next = m_copy(so->so_snd.sb_mb, off, len);
186 		if (m->m_next == 0)
187 			len = 0;
188 	}
189 	ti = mtod(m, struct tcpiphdr *);
190 	if (tp->t_template == 0)
191 		panic("tcp_output");
192 	bcopy((caddr_t)tp->t_template, (caddr_t)ti, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr));
193 
194 	/*
195 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
196 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
197 	 */
198 	ti->ti_seq = tp->snd_nxt;
199 	ti->ti_ack = tp->rcv_nxt;
200 	ti->ti_seq = htonl(ti->ti_seq);
201 	ti->ti_ack = htonl(ti->ti_ack);
202 	/*
203 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
204 	 * unless TCP set to not do any options.
205 	 */
206 	if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED) {
207 		int mss;
208 
209 		if (tp->t_flags&TF_NOOPT)
210 			goto noopt;
211 		mss = MIN(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 2, tcp_mss(tp));
212 		if (mss <= IP_MSS - sizeof(struct tcpiphdr))
213 			goto noopt;
214 		opt = tcp_initopt;
215 		optlen = sizeof (tcp_initopt);
216 		*(u_short *)(opt + 2) = htons(mss);
217 	} else {
218 		if (tp->t_tcpopt == 0)
219 			goto noopt;
220 		opt = mtod(tp->t_tcpopt, u_char *);
221 		optlen = tp->t_tcpopt->m_len;
222 	}
223 	if (opt) {
224 		m0 = m->m_next;
225 		m->m_next = m_get(M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
226 		if (m->m_next == 0) {
227 			(void) m_free(m);
228 			m_freem(m0);
229 			return (ENOBUFS);
230 		}
231 		m->m_next->m_next = m0;
232 		m0 = m->m_next;
233 		m0->m_len = optlen;
234 		bcopy((caddr_t)opt, mtod(m0, caddr_t), optlen);
235 		opt = (u_char *)(mtod(m0, caddr_t) + optlen);
236 		while (m0->m_len & 0x3) {
237 			*opt++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
238 			m0->m_len++;
239 		}
240 		optlen = m0->m_len;
241 		ti->ti_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
242 	}
243 noopt:
244 	ti->ti_flags = flags;
245 	if (win >= so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4)	/* avoid silly window */
246 		ti->ti_win = htons((u_short)win);
247 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
248 		ti->ti_urp = tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt;
249 		ti->ti_urp = htons(ti->ti_urp);
250 		ti->ti_flags |= TH_URG;
251 	} else
252 		/*
253 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
254 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
255 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
256 		 * number wraparound.
257 		 */
258 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
259 	/*
260 	 * If anything to send and we can send it all, set PUSH.
261 	 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
262 	 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or a PUSH comes in.)
263 	 */
264 	if (len && off+len == so->so_snd.sb_cc)
265 		ti->ti_flags |= TH_PUSH;
266 
267 	/*
268 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
269 	 * checksum extended header and data.
270 	 */
271 	if (len + optlen) {
272 		ti->ti_len = sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen + len;
273 		ti->ti_len = htons((u_short)ti->ti_len);
274 	}
275 	ti->ti_sum = in_cksum(m, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + (int)optlen + len);
276 
277 	/*
278 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
279 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
280 	 */
281 	if (tp->t_force == 0 || tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
282 		/*
283 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
284 		 */
285 		if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN))
286 			tp->snd_nxt++;
287 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
288 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
289 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
290 			/*
291 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
292 			 * not currently timing anything.
293 			 */
294 			if (tp->t_rtt == 0) {
295 				tp->t_rtt = 1;
296 				tp->t_rtseq = tp->snd_nxt - len;
297 			}
298 		}
299 
300 		/*
301 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
302 		 * and not doing a keep-alive probe.
303 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer to tcp_beta*tp->t_srtt.
304 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for exponential
305 		 * backoff of retransmit time.
306 		 */
307 		if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
308 		    tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una) {
309 			TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT],
310 			    tcp_beta * tp->t_srtt, TCPTV_MIN, TCPTV_MAX);
311 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
312 		}
313 		tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
314 	} else {
315 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_una+1, tp->snd_max))
316 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_una+1;
317 	}
318 
319 	/*
320 	 * Trace.
321 	 */
322 	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
323 		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, ti, 0);
324 
325 	/*
326 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
327 	 * send to IP level.
328 	 */
329 	((struct ip *)ti)->ip_len = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen + len;
330 	((struct ip *)ti)->ip_ttl = TCP_TTL;
331 	if (so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE)
332 		error =
333 		   ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, (struct route *)0,
334 			IP_ROUTETOIF);
335 	else
336 		error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options,
337 		    &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route, 0);
338 	if (error)
339 		return (error);
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
343 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
344 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
345 	 * Drop send for purpose of ACK requirements.
346 	 */
347 	if (win > 0 && SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt+win, tp->rcv_adv))
348 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + win;
349 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW|TF_DELACK);
350 	if (sendalot && tp->t_force == 0)
351 		goto again;
352 	return (0);
353 }
354 
355 tcp_setpersist(tp)
356 	register struct tcpcb *tp;
357 {
358 
359 	if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT])
360 		panic("tcp_output REXMT");
361 	/*
362 	 * Start/restart persistance timer.
363 	 */
364 	TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST],
365 	    ((int)(tcp_beta * tp->t_srtt)) << tp->t_rxtshift,
366 	    TCPTV_PERSMIN, TCPTV_MAX);
367 	tp->t_rxtshift++;
368 	if (tp->t_rxtshift >= TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
369 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
370 }
371