Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
@(#)hier.7 4.1 (Berkeley) 05/20/85
All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
@(#)hier.7 4.1 (Berkeley) 05/20/85
HIER 7
C 4 NAME
hier - file system hierarchy
DESCRIPTION
The following outline gives a quick tour through
a representative directory hierarchy.
/
root
0
/vmunix
the kernel binary (UNIX itself)
/lost+found
directory for connecting detached files for
fsck (5) /dev/
devices (4)
console
main console,
tty (4) tty*
terminals,
tty (4) rp*
disks,
hp (4) rrp*
raw disks,
hp (4) up*
UNIBUS disks
up (4) ...
/bin/
utility programs, cf /usr/bin/ (1)
/lib/
object libraries and other stuff, cf /usr/lib/
libc.a
system calls, standard I/O, etc. (2,3,3S)
...
ccom
C compiler proper
cpp
C preprocessor
c2
C code improver
...
/etc/
essential data and maintenance utilities;
sect (8)
dump
dump program
dump (8) passwd
password file,
passwd (5) group
group file,
group (5) motd
message of the day,
login (1) termcap
description of terminal capabilities,
termcap (5) ttytype
table of what kind of terminal is on each port,
ttytype (5) mtab
mounted file table,
mtab (5) dumpdates
dump history,
dump (8) fstab
file system configurtion table
fstab (5) ttys
properties of terminals,
ttys (5) getty
part of
login , getty (8) init
the parent of all processes,
init.vm (8) rc
shell program to bring the system up
cron
the clock daemon,
cron (8) mount
mount (8) wall
wall (8) ...
/tmp/
temporary files, usually on a fast device, cf /usr/tmp/
e*
used by
ed (1) ctm*
used by
cc (1) ...
/usr/
general-pupose directory, usually a mounted file system
adm/
administrative information
wtmp
login history,
utmp (5) messages
hardware error messages
tracct
phototypesetter accounting,
troff (1) lpacct
line printer accounting
lpr (1) "vaacct, vpacct"
varian and versatec accounting
vpr (1), vtroff (1), vpac (1) utility programs, to keep /bin/ small
tmp/
temporaries, to keep /tmp/ small
stm*
used by
sort (1) raster
used by
plot (1) dict/
word lists, etc.
words
principal word list, used by
look (1) spellhist
history file for
spell (1) games/
hangman
lib/
library of stuff for the games
quiz.k/
what
quiz (6) knows
index
category index
africa
countries and capitals
...
...
...
include/
standard #include files
object file layout, a.out (5) standard I/O, stdio (3) (3M)
...
sys/
system-defined layouts, cf /usr/sys/h
lib/
object libraries and stuff, to keep /lib/ small
atrun
scheduler for
at (1) lint/
utility files for lint
lint[12]
subprocesses for
lint (1) llib-lc
dummy declarations for /lib/libc.a, used by
lint (1) llib-lm
dummy declarations for /lib/libc.m
...
struct/
passes of
struct (1) ...
tmac/
macros for
troff (1)
font/
fonts for
troff (1)
ftR
Times Roman
ftB
Times Bold
...
uucp/
programs and data for
uucp (1)
units
conversion tables for
units (1) eign
list of English words to be ignored by
ptx (1)
/usr/\tman/
volume 1 of this manual, man (1)
man0/
general
intro
introduction to volume 1,
ms (7) format
xx
template for manual page
man1/
chapter 1
as.1
mount.1m
...
...
cat1/
preformatted pages for section 1
...
msgs/
messages, cf
msgs (1)
bounds
highest and lowest message
new/
binaries of new versions of programs
preserve/
editor temporaries preserved here after crashes/hangups
public/
binaries of user programs - write permission to everyone
spool/
delayed execution files
at/
used by
at (1) lpd/
used by
lpr (1)
lock
present when line printer is active
cf*
copy of file to be printed, if necessary
df*
daemon control file,
lpd (8) tf*
transient control file, while
lpr is working
uucp/
work files and staging area for
uucp (1)
LOGFILE
summary log
LOG.*
log file for one transaction
mail/
mailboxes for
mail (1)
name mail file for user name
name .lock lock file while name is receiving mail
secretmail/
like
mail / uucp/
work files and staging area for
uucp (1)
LOGFILE
summary log
LOG.*
log file for one transaction
wd initial working directory of a user, typically wd is the user's login name
. profile set environment for sh (1), environ (5)
. project what you are doing (used by ( finger (1) )
. cshrc startup file for csh (1)
. exrc startup file for ex (1)
. plan what your short-term plans are (used by finger (1) )
. netrc startup file for net (1)
. msgsrc startup file for msgs (1)
. mailrc startup file for mail (1)
calendar
user's datebook for
calendar (1) doc/
papers, mostly in volume 2 of this manual, typically in
ms (7) format
as/
assembler manual
c
C manual
...
/usr/\tsrc/
source programs for utilities, etc.
cmd/
source of commands
as/
assembler
source for
ar (1) ...
troff/
source for
nroff and
troff (1)
games/
source for /usr/games
libc/
source for functions in /lib/libc.a
crt/
C runtime support
csu/
startup and wrapup routines needed with every C program
sys/
system calls (2)
stdio/
standard I/O functions (3S)
gen/
other functions in (3)
local/
source which isn't normally distributed
new/
source for new versions of commands and library routines
old/
source for old versions of commands and library routines
sys/
system source
ucb/
binaries of programs developed at UCB
SEE ALSO
ls(1), apropos(1), whatis(1), whereis(1), finger(1), which (1), ncheck(8), find(1), grep(1)
BUGS
The position of files is subject to change without notice.