xref: /csrg-svn/share/man/man4/man4.vax/hp.4 (revision 47674)
1*47674Scael.\" Copyright (c) 1980,1988, 1991 Regents of the University of California.
2*47674Scael.\" All rights reserved.
320665Smckusick.\"
4*47674Scael.\" %sccs.include.redist.man%
520665Smckusick.\"
6*47674Scael.\"     @(#)hp.4	6.5 (Berkeley) 03/27/91
7*47674Scael.\"
8*47674Scael.Dd
9*47674Scael.Dt HP 4 vax
10*47674Scael.Os BSD 4
11*47674Scael.Sh NAME
12*47674Scael.Nm hp
13*47674Scael.Nd
14*47674Scael.Tn MASSBUS
15*47674Scaeldisk interface
16*47674Scael.Sh SYNOPSIS
17*47674Scael.Cd "disk hp0 at mba0 drive 0"
18*47674Scael.Sh DESCRIPTION
19*47674ScaelThe
20*47674Scael.Nm hp
21*47674Scaeldriver
22*47674Scaelis a generic Massbus disk driver which handles both the standard
23*47674Scael.Tn DEC
24*47674Scaelcontrollers and the Emulex
25*47674Scael.Tn SC750
26*47674Scaeland
27*47674Scael.Tn SC780
28*47674Scaelcontrollers.
29*47674ScaelIt is typical of a block-device disk driver; block
30*47674Scael.Tn I/O
31*47674Scaelis
32*47674Scaeldescribed in
33*47674Scael.Xr physio 4 .
34*47674Scael.Pp
35*47674ScaelThe script
36*47674Scael.Xr MAKEDEV 8
37*47674Scaelshould be used to create the special files; if a special file
38*47674Scaelneeds to be created by hand consult
39*47674Scael.Xr mknod 8 .
40*47674ScaelIt is recommended as a security precaution to not create special files
41*47674Scaelfor devices which may never be installed.
42*47674Scael.Pp
4334730SkarelsThe first sector of each disk contains both a first-stage bootstrap program
4434730Skarelsand a disk label containing geometry information and partition layouts (see
45*47674Scael.Xr disklabel 5 .
4634730SkarelsThis sector is normally write-protected, and disk-to-disk copies should
4734730Skarelsavoid copying this sector.
4834730SkarelsThe label may be updated with
49*47674Scael.Xr disklabel 8 ,
5034730Skarelswhich can also be used to write-enable and write-disable the sector.
5134730SkarelsThe next 15 sectors contain a second-stage bootstrap program.
52*47674Scael.Sh DISK SUPPORT
53*47674ScaelThis driver handles both standard
54*47674Scael.Tn DEC
55*47674Scaelcontrollers and Emulex
56*47674Scael.Tn SC750
57*47674Scaeland
58*47674Scael.Tn SC780
59*47674Scaelcontrollers.
6034730SkarelsDuring autoconfiguration or whenever a drive comes on line for the first time,
61*47674Scaelor when a drive is opened after all partitions are closed,
6234730Skarelsthe first sector of the drive is examined for a disk label.
6334730SkarelsIf a label is found, the geometry of the drive and the partition tables
6434730Skarelsare taken from it.
6534730SkarelsIf no label is found,
66*47674Scaelstandard
67*47674Scael.Tn DEC
68*47674Scaeldrive types are
69*47674Scaelrecognized according to the
70*47674Scael.Tn MASSBUS
71*47674Scaeldrive type register,
7234730Skarelsand default partitions are used.
7334730SkarelsFor the Emulex controller the drive type register should be configured
74*47674Scaelto indicate the drive is an
75*47674Scael.Tn RM02 .
76*47674ScaelWhen this is encountered,
7720666Smckusickthe driver checks the holding register to find out
7820666Smckusickthe disk geometry and, based on this information, decides what
79*47674Scaelthe drive type is.
80*47674Scael.Pp
81*47674ScaelSpecial file names begin with
82*47674Scael.Sq Li hp
83*47674Scaeland
84*47674Scael.Sq Li rhp
85*47674Scaelfor the block and character files respectively. The second
86*47674Scaelcomponent of the name, a drive unit number in the range of zero to
87*47674Scaelseven, is represented by a
88*47674Scael.Sq Li ?
89*47674Scaelin the disk layouts below.
90*47674ScaelThe last component is the file system partition
91*47674Scaeldesignated
92*47674Scaelby a letter from
93*47674Scael.Sq Li a
94*47674Scaelto
95*47674Scael.Sq Li h
96*47674Scaeland also corresponds to a minor device number set: zero to seven,
97*47674Scaeleight to 15, 16 to 23 and so forth for drive zero, drive two and drive
98*47674Scaelthree respectively.
99*47674ScaelThe following disks are supported:
100*47674Scael.Tn RM03 ,
101*47674Scael.Tn RM05 ,
102*47674Scael.Tn RP06 ,
103*47674Scael.Tn RM80 ,
104*47674Scael.Tn RP05 ,
105*47674Scael.Tn RP07 ,
106*47674Scael.Tn ML11A ,
107*47674Scael.Tn ML11B ,
108*47674Scael.Tn CDC 9775 ,
109*47674Scael.Tn CDC 9730 ,
110*47674Scael.Tn AMPEX
111*47674ScaelCapricorn (32 sectors/track),
112*47674Scael.Tn FUJITSU
113*47674ScaelEagle (48 sectors/track),
114*47674Scael.Tn FUJITSU 2361,
115*47674Scaeland
116*47674Scael.Tn AMPEX
117*47674Scael9300.  The default layout and size (in sectors) of the
118*47674Scaelpartitions for these drives:
119*47674Scael.Bl -column header diskx undefined length
120*47674Scael.Tn RM03 No partitions
121*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
12220665Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-99
12320665Smckusick	hp?b	16000	33440	100-309
12420665Smckusick	hp?c	0	131680	0-822
12520666Smckusick	hp?d	49600	15884	309-408
12620666Smckusick	hp?e	65440	55936	409-758
12720666Smckusick	hp?f	121440	10080	759-822
12820666Smckusick	hp?g	49600	82080	309-822
129*47674Scael
130*47674Scael.Tn RM05 No partitions
131*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
13220665Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-26
13320665Smckusick	hp?b	16416	33440	27-81
13420665Smckusick	hp?c	0	500384	0-822
13520665Smckusick	hp?d	341696	15884	562-588
13620665Smckusick	hp?e	358112	55936	589-680
13720666Smckusick	hp?f	414048	86176	681-822
13820666Smckusick	hp?g	341696	158528	562-822
13920665Smckusick	hp?h	49856	291346	82-561
140*47674Scael
141*47674Scael.Tn RP06 No partitions
142*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
14320666Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-37
14420666Smckusick	hp?b	15884	33440	38-117
14520666Smckusick	hp?c	0	340670	0-814
14620666Smckusick	hp?d	49324	15884	118-155
14720666Smckusick	hp?e	65208	55936	156-289
14820666Smckusick	hp?f	121220	219296	290-814
14920666Smckusick	hp?g	49324	291192	118-814
150*47674Scael
151*47674Scael.Tn RM80 No partitions
152*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
15320665Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-36
15420665Smckusick	hp?b	16058	33440	37-114
15520665Smckusick	hp?c	0	242606	0-558
15620666Smckusick	hp?d	49910	15884	115-151
15720666Smckusick	hp?e	68096	55936	152-280
15820666Smckusick	hp?f	125888	120466	281-558
15920666Smckusick	hp?g	49910	192510	115-558
160*47674Scael
161*47674Scael.Tn RP05 No partitions
162*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
16320666Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-37
16420666Smckusick	hp?b	15884	33440	38-117
16520666Smckusick	hp?c	0	171798	0-410
16620666Smckusick	hp?d	2242	15884	118-155
16720666Smckusick	hp?e	65208	55936	156-289
16820666Smckusick	hp?f	121220	50424	290-410
16920666Smckusick	hp?g	2242	122320	118-410
170*47674Scael
171*47674Scael.Tn RP07 No partitions
172*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
17320665Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-9
17420666Smckusick	hp?b	16000	66880	10-51
17520665Smckusick	hp?c	0	1008000	0-629
17620666Smckusick	hp?d	376000	15884	235-244
17720666Smckusick	hp?e	392000	307200	245-436
17820666Smckusick	hp?f	699200	308600	437-629
17920666Smckusick	hp?g	376000	631800	235-629
18020666Smckusick	hp?h	83200	291346	52-234
181*47674Scael
182*47674Scael.Tn CDC No 9775 partitions
183*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
18420666Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-12
18520666Smckusick	hp?b	16640	66880	13-65
18628250Skarels	hp?c	0	1077760	0-841
18720666Smckusick	hp?d	376320	15884	294-306
18820666Smckusick	hp?e	392960	307200	307-546
18928250Skarels	hp?f	700160	377440	547-841
19028250Skarels	hp?g	376320	701280	294-841
19120666Smckusick	hp?h	84480	291346	66-293
192*47674Scael
193*47674Scael.Tn CDC No 9730 partitions
194*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
19520666Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-49
19620666Smckusick	hp?b	16000	33440	50-154
19720666Smckusick	hp?c	0	263360	0-822
19820666Smckusick	hp?d	49600	15884	155-204
19920666Smckusick	hp?e	65600	55936	205-379
20020666Smckusick	hp?f	121600	141600	380-822
20120666Smckusick	hp?g	49600	213600	155-822
202*47674Scael
203*47674Scael.Tn AMPEX No Capricorn partitions
204*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
20520666Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-31
20620666Smckusick	hp?b	16384	33440	32-97
20720666Smckusick	hp?c	0	524288	0-1023
20820666Smckusick	hp?d	342016	15884	668-699
20920666Smckusick	hp?e	358400	55936	700-809
21020666Smckusick	hp?f	414720	109408	810-1023
21120666Smckusick	hp?g	342016	182112	668-1023
21220666Smckusick	hp?h	50176	291346	98-667
213*47674Scael
214*47674Scael.Tn FUJITSU No Eagle partitions
215*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
21620666Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-16
21720666Smckusick	hp?b	16320	66880	17-86
21820666Smckusick	hp?c	0	808320	0-841
21920666Smckusick	hp?d	375360	15884	391-407
22020666Smckusick	hp?e	391680	55936	408-727
22120666Smckusick	hp?f	698880	109248	728-841
22220666Smckusick	hp?g	375360	432768	391-841
22320666Smckusick	hp?h	83520	291346	87-390
224*47674Scael
225*47674Scael.Tn FUJITSU No 2361 partitions
226*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyls
22728936Smis	hp?a	0	15884	0-12
22828936Smis	hp?b	16640	66880	13-65
22928936Smis	hp?c	0	1077760	0-841
23028936Smis	hp?d	376320	15884	294-306
23128936Smis	hp?e	392960	307200	307-546
23228936Smis	hp?f	700160	377408	547-841
23328936Smis	hp?g	363520	701248	294-841
23428936Smis	hp?h	84480	291346	66-293
235*47674Scael
236*47674Scael.Tn AMPEX No 9300 partitions
237*47674Scael.Sy	disk	start	length	cyl
23820666Smckusick	hp?a	0	15884	0-26
23920666Smckusick	hp?b	16416	33440	27-81
24020666Smckusick	hp?c	0	495520	0-814
24120666Smckusick	hp?d	341696	15884	562-588
24220666Smckusick	hp?e	358112	55936	589-680
24320666Smckusick	hp?f	414048	81312	681-814
24420666Smckusick	hp?g	341696	153664	562-814
24520666Smckusick	hp?h	49856	291346	82-561
246*47674Scael.El
247*47674Scael.Pp
24820665SmckusickThe hp?a partition is normally used for the root file system,
24920665Smckusickthe hp?b partition as a paging area,
25020665Smckusickand the hp?c partition for pack-pack copying (it maps the entire disk).
25120666SmckusickOn disks larger than about 205 Megabytes, the hp?h partition
25220666Smckusickis inserted prior to the hp?d or hp?g partition;
25320666Smckusickthe hp?g partition then maps the remainder of the pack.
25420666SmckusickAll disk partition tables are calculated using the
255*47674Scael.Xr diskpart 8
25620666Smckusickprogram.
257*47674Scael.Pp
258*47674Scael.Sh FILES
259*47674Scael.Bl -tag -width /dev/rhp[0-7][a-h] -compact
260*47674Scael.It Pa /dev/hp[0-7][a-h]
261*47674Scaelblock files
262*47674Scael.It Pa /dev/rhp[0-7][a-h]
263*47674Scaelraw files
264*47674Scael.El
265*47674Scael.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
266*47674Scael.Bl -diag
267*47674Scael.It "hp%d%c: hard error %sing fsbn %d [of %d-%d] (hp%d bn %d cn %d tn %d sn %d) mbsr=%b er1=%b er2=%b."
26834730SkarelsAn unrecoverable error occurred during transfer of the specified
26934730Skarelsfilesystem block number,
27034730Skarelswhich is a logical block number on the indicated partition.
27134730SkarelsIf the transfer involved multiple blocks, the block range is printed as well.
27234730SkarelsThe parenthesized fields list the actual disk sector number
27334730Skarelsrelative to the beginning of the drive,
27434730Skarelsas well as the cylinder, track and sector number of the block.
275*47674ScaelThe
276*47674Scael.Tn MASSBUS
277*47674Scaelstatus register is printed in hexadecimal and
278*47674Scaelwith the error bits decoded if any error bits other than
279*47674Scael.Tn MBEXC
280*47674Scaeland
281*47674Scael.Tn DTABT
28220665Smckusickare set.  In any case the contents of the two error registers are also printed
28320665Smckusickin octal and symbolically with bits decoded.
284*47674Scael(Note that er2 is what old
285*47674Scael.Tn RP06
286*47674Scaelmanuals would call
287*47674Scael.Tn RPER3 ;
288*47674Scaelthe terminology
289*47674Scaelis that of the
290*47674Scael.Tn RM
291*47674Scaeldisks).
29220665SmckusickThe error was either unrecoverable, or a large number of retry attempts
29320665Smckusick(including offset positioning and drive recalibration) could not
29420665Smckusickrecover the error.
295*47674Scael.Pp
296*47674Scael.It hp%d: write locked.
297*47674ScaelThe write protect switch was set on the drive
29820665Smckusickwhen a write was attempted.  The write operation is not recoverable.
299*47674Scael.Pp
300*47674Scael.It hp%d: not ready .
301*47674ScaelThe drive was spun down or off line when it was
302*47674Scaelaccessed.  The
303*47674Scael.Tn I/O
304*47674Scaeloperation is not recoverable.
305*47674Scael.Pp
306*47674Scael.It "hp%d%c: soft ecc reading fsbn %d [of %d-%d] (hp%d bn %d cn %d tn %d sn %d)."
307*47674ScaelA recoverable
308*47674Scael.Tn ECC
309*47674Scaelerror occurred on the
31020666Smckusickspecified sector of the specified disk partition.
31134730SkarelsIf the transfer involved multiple blocks, the block range is printed as well.
31234730SkarelsThe parenthesized fields list the actual disk sector number
31334730Skarelsrelative to the beginning of the drive,
31434730Skarelsas well as the cylinder, track and sector number of the block.
31520666SmckusickThis happens normally
31620665Smckusicka few times a week.  If it happens more frequently than
31720666Smckusickthis the sectors where the errors are occurring should be checked to see
31820665Smckusickif certain cylinders on the pack, spots on the carriage of the drive
31920665Smckusickor heads are indicated.
320*47674Scael.Pp
321*47674Scael.It hp%d: 9775 (direct).
322*47674Scael.It hp%d: 9730 (direct).
323*47674Scael.It hp%d: 9300.
324*47674Scael.It hp%d: 9762.
325*47674Scael.It hp%d: capricorn.
326*47674Scael.It hp%d: eagle.
327*47674Scael.It hp%d: 2361.
328*47674Scael.It hp%d: ntracks %d, nsectors %d: unknown device.
329*47674ScaelDuring autoconfiguration one of the above messages may appear
33020666Smckusickon the console indicating the appropriate drive type was recognized.
33120666SmckusickThe last message indicates the drive is of a unknown type.
33234730SkarelsIn this case, the correct geometry is set, and one partition is created
33334730Skarelsthat contains the entire drive.
334*47674Scael.Pp
335*47674Scael.El
336*47674Scael.Sh SEE ALSO
337*47674Scael.Xr physio 4 ,
338*47674Scael.Xr up 4 ,
339*47674Scael.Xr disklabel 5 ,
340*47674Scael.Xr MAKEDEV 8
341*47674Scael.Xr disklabel 8
342*47674Scael.Xr mknod 8
343*47674Scael.Sh HISTORY
344*47674ScaelThe
345*47674Scael.Nm
346*47674Scaeldriver appeared in
347*47674Scael.Bx 4.0 .
348*47674Scael.Sh BUGS
349*47674Scael.Tn DEC Ns -standard
350*47674Scaelerror logging should be supported.
351*47674Scael.Pp
35220665SmckusickA program to analyze the logged error information (even in its
35320665Smckusickpresent reduced form) is needed.
354