xref: /csrg-svn/old/as.vax/as.h (revision 13520)
1 /*
2  *	Copyright (c) 1982 Regents of the University of California
3  *	@(#)as.h 4.16 06/30/83
4  */
5 #define	reg	register
6 
7 #include <sys/types.h>
8 #ifdef FLEXNAMES
9 #  include <a.out.h>
10 #  include <stab.h>
11 #else not FLEXNAMES
12 #  define ONLIST
13 #  include "a.out.h"
14 #  include <stab.h>
15 #endif FLEXNAMES
16 
17 #define readonly
18 #define	NINST		300
19 
20 #define	NEXP		20	/* max number of expr. terms per instruction */
21 #define	NARG		6	/* max number of args per instruction */
22 #define	NHASH		1103	/* hash table is dynamically extended */
23 #define	TNAMESIZE	32	/* maximum length of temporary file names */
24 #define	NLOC		4	/* number of location ctrs */
25 /*
26  *	Sizes for character buffers.
27  *	what			size #define name	comments
28  *
29  *	source file reads	ASINBUFSIZ		integral of BUFSIZ
30  *	string assembly		NCPString		large for .stabs
31  *	name assembly		NCPName			depends on FLEXNAMES
32  *	string save		STRPOOLDALLOP
33  *
34  *
35  *	-source file reads should be integral of BUFSIZ for efficient reads
36  *	-string saving is a simple first fit
37  */
38 #ifndef ASINBUFSIZ
39 #	define	ASINBUFSIZ	4096
40 #endif not ASINBUFSIZ
41 #ifndef STRPOOLDALLOP
42 #	define STRPOOLDALLOP	8192
43 #endif not STRPOOLDALLOP
44 #ifndef NCPString
45 #	define	NCPString	4080
46 #endif not NCPString
47 
48 #define	NCPName	NCPS
49 # ifndef FLEXNAMES
50 #	ifndef NCPS
51 #		undef	NCPName
52 #		define	NCPName	8
53 #	endif not NCPS
54 # else FLEXNAMES
55 #	ifndef NCPS
56 #		undef	NCPName
57 #		define	NCPName	4096
58 #	endif not NCPS
59 # endif FLEXNAMES
60 /*
61  *	Check sizes, and compiler error if sizes botch
62  */
63 #if ((STRPOOLDALLOP < NCPString) || (STRPOOLDALLOP < NCPName))
64 	$$$botch with definition sizes
65 #endif test botches
66 /*
67  * Symbol types
68  */
69 #define	XUNDEF	0x0
70 #define	XABS	0x2
71 #define	XTEXT	0x4
72 #define	XDATA	0x6
73 #define	XBSS	0x8
74 
75 #define	XXTRN	0x1
76 #define	XTYPE	0x1E
77 
78 #define	XFORW	0x20	/* Was forward-referenced when undefined */
79 
80 #define	ERR	(-1)
81 #define	NBPW	32	/* Bits per word */
82 
83 #define	AMASK	017
84 
85 /*
86  * Actual argument syntax types
87  */
88 #define	AREG	1	/* %r */
89 #define	ABASE	2	/* (%r) */
90 #define	ADECR	3	/* -(%r) */
91 #define	AINCR	4	/* (%r)+ */
92 #define	ADISP	5	/* expr(%r) */
93 #define	AEXP	6	/* expr */
94 #define	AIMM	7	/* $ expr */
95 #define	ASTAR	8	/* * */
96 #define	AINDX	16	/* [%r] */
97 /*
98  *	Definitions for the things found in ``instrs''
99  */
100 #define	INSTTAB 1
101 #include "instrs.h"
102 
103 /*
104  *	Tells outrel what it is relocating
105  *	RELOC_PCREL is an implicit argument to outrel; it is or'ed in
106  *	with a TYPX
107  */
108 #define	RELOC_PCREL	(1<<TYPLG)
109 /*
110  *	reference types for loader
111  */
112 #define	PCREL	1
113 #define	LEN1	2
114 #define	LEN2	4
115 #define	LEN4	6
116 #define	LEN8	8
117 #define	LEN16	10
118 
119 extern	int	reflen[];	/* {LEN*+PCREL} ==> number of bytes */
120 extern	int	lgreflen[];	/* {LEN*+PCREL} ==> lg number of bytes */
121 extern	int	len124[];	/* {1,2,4,8,16} ==> {LEN1, LEN2, LEN4, LEN8} */
122 extern	char	mod124[];	/* {1,2,4,8,16} ==> {bits to construct operands */
123 extern	int	type_124[];	/* {1,2,4,8,16} ==> {TYPB,TYPW,TYPL,TYPQ,TYPO} */
124 extern	int	ty_NORELOC[];	/* {TYPB..TYPH} ==> {1 if relocation not OK */
125 extern	int	ty_float[];	/* {TYPB..TYPH} ==> {1 if floating number */
126 extern	int	ty_LEN[];	/* {TYPB..TYPH} ==> {LEN1..LEN16} */
127 extern	int	ty_nbyte[];	/* {TYPB..TYPH} ==> {1,2,4,8,16} */
128 extern	int	ty_nlg[];	/* {TYPB..TYPH} ==> lg{1,2,4,8,16} */
129 extern	char	*ty_string[];	/* {TYPB..TYPH} ==> printable */
130 
131 #define	TMPC	7
132 #define	HW	0x1
133 #define	FW	0x3
134 #define	DW	0x7
135 #define	OW	0xF
136 
137 #define	round(x,y)	(((x)+(y)) & ~(y))
138 
139 #define	STABTYPS	0340
140 #define	STABFLAG	0200
141 
142 /*
143  *	Follows are the definitions for the symbol table tags, which are
144  *	all unsigned characters..
145  *	High value tags are generated by the asembler for internal
146  *	use.
147  *	Low valued tags are the parser coded tokens the scanner returns.
148  *	There are several pertinant bounds in this ordering:
149  *		a)	Symbols greater than JXQUESTIONABLE
150  *			are used by the jxxx bumper, indicating that
151  *			the symbol table entry is a jxxx entry
152  *			that has yet to be bumped.
153  *		b)	Symbols greater than IGNOREBOUND are not
154  *			bequeathed to the loader; they are truly
155  *			for assembler internal use only.
156  *		c)	Symbols greater than OKTOBUMP represent
157  *			indices into the program text that should
158  *			be changed in preceeding jumps or aligns
159  *			must get turned into their long form.
160  */
161 
162 #define	TAGMASK		0xFF
163 
164 #	define	JXACTIVE	0xFF	/*jxxx size unknown*/
165 #	define	JXNOTYET	0xFE	/*jxxx size known, but not yet expanded*/
166 #	define	JXALIGN		0xFD	/*align jxxx entry*/
167 #	define	JXINACTIVE	0xFC	/*jxxx size known and expanded*/
168 
169 #define	JXQUESTIONABLE		0xFB
170 
171 #	define	JXTUNNEL	0xFA	/*jxxx that jumps to another*/
172 #	define	OBSOLETE	0xF9	/*erroneously entered symbol*/
173 
174 #define	IGNOREBOUND	0xF8		/*symbols greater than this are ignored*/
175 #	define	STABFLOATING	0xF7
176 #	define	LABELID		0xF6
177 
178 #define	OKTOBUMP	0xF5
179 #	define	STABFIXED	0xF4
180 
181 /*
182  *	astoks.h contains reserved word codings the parser should
183  *	know about
184  */
185 #include "astoks.h"
186 
187 /*
188  *	The structure for one symbol table entry.
189  *	Symbol table entries are used for both user defined symbols,
190  *	and symbol slots generated to create the jxxx jump from
191  *	slots.
192  *	Caution: the instructions are stored in a shorter version
193  *	of the struct symtab, using all fields in sym_nm and
194  *	tag.  The fields used in sym_nm are carefully redeclared
195  *	in struct Instab and struct instab (see below).
196  *	If struct nlist gets changed, then Instab and instab may
197  *	have to be changed.
198  */
199 
200 struct symtab{
201 		struct	nlist	s_nm;
202 		u_char	s_tag;		/* assembler tag */
203 		u_char	s_ptype;	/* if tag == NAME */
204 		u_char	s_jxoveralign;	/* if a JXXX, jumped over align */
205 		short	s_index;	/* which segment */
206 		struct	symtab *s_dest;	/* if JXXX, where going to */
207 #ifdef DJXXX
208 		short	s_jxline;	/* source line of the jump from */
209 #endif
210 };
211 /*
212  *	Redefinitions of the fields in symtab for
213  *	use when the symbol table entry marks a jxxx instruction.
214  */
215 #define	s_jxbump	s_ptype		/* tag == JX..., how far to expand */
216 #define	s_jxfear	s_desc		/* how far needs to be bumped */
217 /*
218  *	Redefinitions of fields in the struct nlist for symbols so that
219  *	one saves typing, and so that they conform
220  *	with the old naming conventions.
221  */
222 #ifdef	FLEXNAMES
223 #define	s_name	s_nm.n_un.n_name
224 #define	i_name	s_name
225 #define	FETCHNAME(sp)	(((struct strdesc *)(sp)->s_name)->sd_string)
226 #define	STRLEN(sp)	(((struct strdesc *)(sp)->s_name)->sd_strlen)
227 #define	STROFF(sp)	(((struct strdesc *)(sp)->s_name)->sd_stroff)
228 #define	s_nmx	s_nm.n_un.n_strx	/* string table index */
229 #else 	not FLEXNAMES
230 #define	s_name	s_nm.n_name
231 #define	i_name	s_name
232 #define	FETCHNAME(sp)	((sp)->s_name)
233 #endif
234 #define	s_type	s_nm.n_type		/* type of the symbol */
235 #define	s_other	s_nm.n_other		/* other information for sdb */
236 #define	s_desc	s_nm.n_desc		/* type descriptor */
237 #define	s_value	s_nm.n_value		/* value of the symbol, or sdb delta */
238 
239 struct	instab{
240 	struct	nlist	s_nm;		/* instruction name, type (opcode) */
241 	u_char	s_tag;
242 	u_char	s_eopcode;
243 	char	s_pad[2];		/* round to 20 bytes */
244 };
245 typedef	struct	instab	*Iptr;
246 /*
247  *	The fields nm.n_desc and nm.n_value total 6 bytes; this is
248  *	just enough for the 6 bytes describing the argument types.
249  *	We use a macro to define access to these 6 bytes, assuming that
250  *	they are allocated adjacently.
251  *	IF THE FORMAT OF STRUCT nlist CHANGES, THESE MAY HAVE TO BE CHANGED.
252  *
253  *	Instab is cleverly declared to look very much like the combination of
254  *	a struct symtab and a struct nlist.
255  */
256 /*
257  *	With the 1981 VAX architecture reference manual,
258  *	DEC defined and named two byte opcodes.
259  *	In addition, DEC defined four new one byte instructions for
260  *	queue manipulation.
261  *	The assembler was patched in 1982 to reflect this change.
262  *
263  *	The two byte opcodes are preceded with an escape byte
264  *	(usually an ESCD) and an opcode byte.
265  *	For one byte opcodes, the opcode is called the primary opcode.
266  *	For two byte opcodes, the second opcode is called the primary opcode.
267  *
268  *	We store the primary opcode in I_popcode,
269  *	and the escape opcode in I_eopcode.
270  *
271  *	For one byte opcodes in the basic arhitecture,
272  *		I_eopcode is CORE
273  *	For one byte opcodes in the new architecture definition,
274  *		I_eopcode is NEW
275  *	For the two byte opcodes, I_eopcode is the escape byte.
276  *
277  *	The assembler checks if a NEW or two byte opcode is used,
278  *	and issues a warning diagnostic.
279  */
280 /*
281  *	For upward compatability reasons, we can't have the two opcodes
282  *	forming an operator specifier byte(s) be physically adjacent
283  *	in the instruction table.
284  *	We define a structure and a constructor that is used in
285  *	the instruction generator.
286  */
287 struct Opcode{
288 	u_char	Op_eopcode;
289 	u_char	Op_popcode;
290 };
291 
292 #define	BADPOINT	0xAAAAAAAA
293 /*
294  *	See if a structured opcode is bad
295  */
296 #define	ITABCHECK(o)	((itab[o.Op_eopcode] != (Iptr*)BADPOINT) && (itab[o.Op_eopcode][o.Op_popcode] != (Iptr)BADPOINT))
297 /*
298  *	Index the itab by a structured opcode
299  */
300 #define	ITABFETCH(o)	itab[o.Op_eopcode][o.Op_popcode]
301 
302 struct	Instab{
303 #ifdef FLEXNAMES
304 	char	*I_name;
305 #else not FLEXNAMES
306 	char	I_name[NCPName];
307 #endif
308 	u_char	I_popcode;		/* basic op code */
309 	char	I_nargs;
310 	char	I_args[6];
311 	u_char	I_s_tag;
312 	u_char	I_eopcode;
313 	char	I_pad[2];		/* round to 20 bytes */
314 };
315 /*
316  *	Redefinitions of fields in the struct nlist for instructions so that
317  *	one saves typing, and conforms to the old naming conventions
318  */
319 #define	i_popcode	s_nm.n_type	/* use the same field as symtab.type */
320 #define	i_eopcode	s_eopcode
321 #define	i_nargs		s_nm.n_other	/* number of arguments */
322 #define	fetcharg(ptr, n) ((struct Instab *)ptr)->I_args[n]
323 
324 struct	arg {				/*one argument to an instruction*/
325 	char	a_atype;
326 	char	a_areg1;
327 	char	a_areg2;
328 	char	a_dispsize;		/*usually d124, unless have B^, etc*/
329 	struct	exp *a_xp;
330 };
331 /*
332  *	Definitions for numbers and expressions.
333  */
334 #include "asnumber.h"
335 struct	exp {
336 	Bignum	e_number;	/* 128 bits of #, plus tag */
337 	char	e_xtype;
338 	char	e_xloc;
339 	struct	symtab		*e_xname;
340 };
341 #define	e_xvalue	e_number.num_num.numIl_int.Il_long
342 
343 #define		MINLIT		0
344 #define		MAXLIT		63
345 
346 #define		MINBYTE		-128
347 #define		MAXBYTE		127
348 #define		MINUBYTE	0
349 #define		MAXUBYTE	255
350 
351 #define		MINWORD		-32768
352 #define		MAXWORD		32767
353 #define		MINUWORD	0
354 #define		MAXUWORD	65535
355 
356 #define		ISLIT(x)	(((x) >= MINLIT) && ((x) <= MAXLIT))
357 #define		ISBYTE(x)	(((x) >= MINBYTE) && ((x) <= MAXBYTE))
358 #define		ISUBYTE(x)	(((x) >= MINUBYTE) && ((x) <= MAXUBYTE))
359 #define		ISWORD(x)	(((x) >= MINWORD) && ((x) <= MAXWORD))
360 #define		ISUWORD(x)	(((x) >= MINUWORD) && ((x) <= MAXUWORD))
361 /*
362  *	Definitions for strings.
363  *
364  *	Strings are stored in the string pool; see strsave(str, length)
365  *	Strings are known by their length and values.
366  *	A string pointer points to the beginning of the value bytes;
367  *
368  *	If this structure is changed, change insts also.
369  */
370 struct	strdesc{
371 	int	sd_stroff;	/* offset into string file */
372 	short	sd_place;	/* where string is */
373 	u_short	sd_strlen;	/* string length */
374 	char	sd_string[1];	/* the string itself, flexible length */
375 };
376 /*
377  *	Where a string can be.  If these are changed, also change instrs.
378  */
379 #define	STR_FILE	0x1
380 #define	STR_CORE	0x2
381 #define	STR_BOTH	0x3
382 
383 struct strdesc *savestr();
384 
385 /*
386  *	Global variables
387  */
388 	extern	struct	arg	arglist[NARG];	/*building operands in instructions*/
389 	extern	struct	exp	explist[NEXP];	/*building up a list of expressions*/
390 	extern	struct	exp	*xp;		/*current free expression*/
391 	/*
392 	 *	Communication between the scanner and the jxxx handlers.
393 	 *	lastnam:	the last name seen on the input
394 	 *	lastjxxx:	pointer to the last symbol table entry for
395 	 *			a jump from
396 	 */
397 	extern	struct	symtab	*lastnam;
398 	extern	struct	symtab	*lastjxxx;
399 	/*
400 	 *	Lgensym is used to make up funny names for local labels.
401 	 *	lgensym[i] is the current funny number to put after
402 	 *	references to if, lgensym[i]-1 is for ib.
403 	 *	genref[i] is set when the label is referenced before
404 	 *	it is defined (i.e. 2f) so that we can be sure these
405 	 *	labels are always defined to avoid weird diagnostics
406 	 *	from the loader later.
407 	 */
408 	extern	int	lgensym[10];
409 	extern	char	genref[10];
410 
411 	extern	struct	exp	*dotp;		/* the current dot location */
412 	extern	int	loctr;
413 
414 	extern	struct	exec	hdr;		/* a.out header */
415 	extern	u_long	tsize;			/* total text size */
416 	extern	u_long	dsize;			/* total data size */
417 	extern	u_long	trsize;			/* total text relocation size */
418 	extern	u_long	drsize;			/* total data relocation size */
419 	extern	u_long	datbase;		/* base of the data segment */
420 	/*
421 	 *	Bitoff and bitfield keep track of the packing into
422 	 *	bytes mandated by the expression syntax <expr> ':' <expr>
423 	 */
424 	extern	int	bitoff;
425 	extern	long	bitfield;
426 
427 	/*
428 	 *	The lexical analyzer builds up symbols in yytext.  Lookup
429 	 *	expects its argument in this buffer
430 	 */
431 	extern	char	yytext[NCPName+2];	/* text buffer for lexical */
432 	/*
433 	 *	Variables to manage the input assembler source file
434 	 */
435 	extern	int	lineno;			/*the line number*/
436 	extern	char	*dotsname;		/*the name of the as source*/
437 
438 	extern	FILE	*tokfile;		/* temp token communication*/
439 	extern	FILE	*strfile;		/* temp string file*/
440 	extern	char	tokfilename[TNAMESIZE];	/* token file name */
441 	extern	char	strfilename[TNAMESIZE];	/* string file name */
442 	extern	int	strfilepos;		/* position in string file */
443 
444 	extern	int	passno;			/* 1 or 2 */
445 
446 	extern	int	anyerrs;		/*errors as'ing arguments*/
447 	extern	int	anywarnings;		/*warnings as'ing arguments*/
448 	extern	int	silent;			/*don't mention the errors*/
449 	extern	int	savelabels;		/*save labels in a.out*/
450 	extern	int	orgwarn;		/* questionable origin ? */
451 	extern	int	useVM;			/*use virtual memory temp file*/
452 	extern	int	jxxxJUMP;		/*use jmp instead of brw for jxxx */
453 	extern	int	readonlydata;		/*initialized data into text space*/
454 	extern	int	nGHnumbers;		/* GH numbers used */
455 	extern	int	nGHopcodes;		/* GH opcodes used */
456 	extern	int	nnewopcodes;		/* new opcodes used */
457 #ifdef DEBUG
458 	extern	int	debug;
459 	extern	int	toktrace;
460 #endif
461 	/*
462 	 *	Information about the instructions
463 	 */
464 	extern	struct	instab	**itab[NINST];	/*maps opcodes to instructions*/
465 	extern  readonly struct Instab instab[];
466 
467 	extern	int	curlen;			/*current literal storage size*/
468 	extern	int	d124;			/*current pointer storage size*/
469 
470 	struct	symtab	**lookup();		/*argument in yytext*/
471 	struct 	symtab	*symalloc();
472 
473 	char	*Calloc();
474 	char	*ClearCalloc();
475 
476 #define outb(val) {dotp->e_xvalue++; if (passno==2) bputc((val), (txtfil));}
477 
478 #define outs(cp, lg) dotp->e_xvalue += (lg); if (passno == 2) bwrite((cp), (lg), (txtfil))
479 
480 #define	Outb(o)	outb(o)
481 /*
482  *	Most of the time, the argument to flushfield is a power of two constant,
483  *	the calculations involving it can be optimized to shifts.
484  */
485 #define flushfield(n) if (bitoff != 0)  Flushfield( ( (bitoff+n-1) /n ) * n)
486 
487 /*
488  * The biobuf structure and associated routines are used to write
489  * into one file at several places concurrently.  Calling bopen
490  * with a biobuf structure sets it up to write ``biofd'' starting
491  * at the specified offset.  You can then use ``bwrite'' and/or ``bputc''
492  * to stuff characters in the stream, much like ``fwrite'' and ``fputc''.
493  * Calling bflush drains all the buffers and MUST be done before exit.
494  */
495 struct	biobuf {
496 	short	b_nleft;		/* Number free spaces left in b_buf */
497 /* Initialize to be less than BUFSIZ initially, to boundary align in file */
498 	char	*b_ptr;			/* Next place to stuff characters */
499 	char	b_buf[BUFSIZ];		/* The buffer itself */
500 	off_t	b_off;			/* Current file offset */
501 	struct	biobuf *b_link;		/* Link in chain for bflush() */
502 };
503 #define	bputc(c,b) ((b)->b_nleft ? (--(b)->b_nleft, *(b)->b_ptr++ = (c)) \
504 		       : bflushc(b, c))
505 #define BFILE	struct biobuf
506 
507 	extern	BFILE	*biobufs;	/* head of the block I/O buffer chain */
508 	extern	int	biofd;		/* file descriptor for block I/O file */
509 	extern	off_t	boffset;	/* physical position in logical file */
510 
511 	/*
512 	 *	For each of the named .text .data segments
513 	 *	(introduced by .text <expr>), we maintain
514 	 *	the current value of the dot, and the BFILE where
515 	 *	the information for each of the segments is placed
516 	 *	during the second pass.
517 	 */
518 	extern	struct	exp	usedot[NLOC + NLOC];
519 	extern		BFILE	*usefile[NLOC + NLOC];
520 	extern		BFILE	*txtfil;/* file for text and data: into usefile */
521 	/*
522 	 *	Relocation information for each segment is accumulated
523 	 *	seperately from the others.  Writing the relocation
524 	 *	information is logically viewed as writing to one
525 	 *	relocation saving file for  each segment; physically
526 	 *	we have a bunch of buffers allocated internally that
527 	 *	contain the relocation information.
528 	 */
529 	struct	relbufdesc	*rusefile[NLOC + NLOC];
530 	struct	relbufdesc	*relfil;
531