Copyright (c) 1983, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
All rights reserved.

%sccs.include.redist.man%

@(#)accept.2 6.5 (Berkeley) 05/30/90

C 5 accept - accept a connection on a socket

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

ns = accept(s, addr, addrlen)
int ns, s;
struct sockaddr *addr;
int *addrlen;

The argument s is a socket that has been created with socket (2), bound to an address with bind (2), and is listening for connections after a listen (2). Accept extracts the first connection request on the queue of pending connections, creates a new socket with the same properties of s and allocates a new file descriptor, ns , for the socket. If no pending connections are present on the queue, and the socket is not marked as non-blocking, accept blocks the caller until a connection is present. If the socket is marked non-blocking and no pending connections are present on the queue, accept returns an error as described below. The accepted socket, ns , may not be used to accept more connections. The original socket s remains open.

The argument addr is a result parameter that is filled in with the address of the connecting entity, as known to the communications layer. The exact format of the addr parameter is determined by the domain in which the communication is occurring. The addrlen is a value-result parameter; it should initially contain the amount of space pointed to by addr ; on return it will contain the actual length (in bytes) of the address returned. This call is used with connection-based socket types, currently with SOCK_STREAM.

It is possible to select (2) a socket for the purposes of doing an accept by selecting it for read.

For certain protocols which require an explicit confirmation, such as ISO or DATAKIT, one should think of accept as merely dequeueing the next connection request, and not in of itself implying confirmation. Confirmation can be implied by a normal read or write on the new file desciptor, and rejection can be implied by closing the new socket.

One can obtain user connection request data without confirming the connection by issuing a recvmsg call with an msg_iovlen of 0 and a non-zero msg_controllen, or by issuing a getsockopt (2) request. Similarly, one can provide user connection rejection information by issuing a sendmsg call with providing only the control information, or by calling setsockopt (2).

The call returns -1 on error. If it succeeds, it returns a non-negative integer that is a descriptor for the accepted socket. The accept will fail if:

20 [EBADF] The descriptor is invalid.

20 [ENOTSOCK] The descriptor references a file, not a socket.

20 [EOPNOTSUPP] The referenced socket is not of type SOCK_STREAM.

20 [EFAULT] The addr parameter is not in a writable part of the user address space.

20 [EWOULDBLOCK] The socket is marked non-blocking and no connections are present to be accepted.

bind(2), connect(2), listen(2), select(2), socket(2)