xref: /csrg-svn/lib/libc/stdio/vfprintf.c (revision 34320)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1988 Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
6  * provided that this notice is preserved and that due credit is given
7  * to the University of California at Berkeley. The name of the University
8  * may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
9  * software without specific prior written permission. This software
10  * is provided ``as is'' without express or implied warranty.
11  */
12 
13 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
14 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vfprintf.c	5.16 (Berkeley) 05/17/88";
15 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
16 
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <varargs.h>
19 #include <stdio.h>
20 #include <ctype.h>
21 
22 /*
23  * To handle arbitrary floating point precision, the buffer has to hold the
24  * number, a decimal point, and N precision digits.  We can't just truncate
25  * at some point is that the lower-level math routines may very well be
26  * repeatedly returning some small fraction.  A 128 bit fraction can be
27  * represented in 39 decimal digits.  Guess a max of 40 digits of precision,
28  * and add one for the decimal point.
29  */
30 #define	MAXFRAC		39
31 #define	MAXPREC		40
32 #define	MAXDIGIT	(MAXFRAC + MAXPREC + 1)
33 
34 #define	PUTC(ch)	{++cnt; putc(ch, fp);}
35 
36 #define	ARG() \
37 	_ulong = flags&LONGINT ? va_arg(argp, long) : \
38 	    flags&SHORTINT ? va_arg(argp, short) : va_arg(argp, int);
39 
40 /* have to deal with the negative buffer count kludge */
41 #define	NEGATIVE_COUNT_KLUDGE
42 
43 #define	LONGINT		0x01		/* long integer */
44 #define	LONGDBL		0x02		/* long double; unimplemented */
45 #define	SHORTINT	0x04		/* short integer */
46 #define	ALT		0x08		/* alternate form */
47 #define	LADJUST		0x10		/* left adjustment */
48 static int flags;
49 
50 static char sign, *buf;
51 
52 x_doprnt(fmt, argp, fp)
53 	register char *fmt;
54 	va_list argp;
55 	register FILE *fp;
56 {
57 	register int cnt, n;
58 	register char ch, *t;
59 	double _double;
60 	u_long _ulong;
61 	int base, width, prec, size;
62 	char padc, *digs, sbuf[MAXDIGIT];
63 
64 	digs = "0123456789abcdef";
65 	for (buf = sbuf, cnt = 0;; ++fmt) {
66 		n = fp->_cnt;
67 		for (t = fp->_ptr; (ch = *fmt) && ch != '%'; ++cnt, ++fmt)
68 			if (--n < 0
69 #ifdef NEGATIVE_COUNT_KLUDGE
70 			    && (!(fp->_flag & _IOLBF) || -n >= fp->_bufsiz)
71 #endif
72 			    || ch == '\n' && fp->_flag&_IOLBF) {
73 				fp->_cnt = n;
74 				fp->_ptr = t;
75 				(void)_flsbuf(ch, fp);
76 				n = fp->_cnt;
77 				t = fp->_ptr;
78 			}
79 			else
80 				*t++ = ch;
81 		fp->_cnt = n;
82 		fp->_ptr = t;
83 		if (!ch)
84 			return(cnt);
85 
86 		flags = width = 0;
87 		prec = -1;
88 		padc = ' ';
89 		sign = '\0';
90 
91 rflag:		switch (*++fmt) {
92 		case ' ':
93 			sign = ' ';
94 			goto rflag;
95 		case '#':
96 			flags |= ALT;
97 			goto rflag;
98 		case '*':
99 			/*
100 			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
101 			 * - flag followed by a  positive field width.''
102 			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
103 			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
104 			 */
105 			if ((width = va_arg(argp, int)) >= 0)
106 				goto rflag;
107 			width = -width;
108 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
109 		case '-':
110 			flags |= LADJUST;
111 			goto rflag;
112 		case '+':
113 			sign = '+';
114 			goto rflag;
115 		case '.':
116 			if (*++fmt == '*')
117 				n = va_arg(argp, int);
118 			else if (isascii(*fmt) && isdigit(*fmt)) {
119 				n = 0;
120 				do {
121 					n = 10 * n + *fmt - '0';
122 				} while (isascii(*++fmt) && isdigit(*fmt));
123 				--fmt;
124 			}
125 			else {
126 				--fmt;
127 				prec = 0;
128 				goto rflag;
129 			}
130 			prec = n < 0 ? -1 : n;
131 			goto rflag;
132 		case '0':
133 			padc = '0';
134 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
135 		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
136 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
137 			n = 0;
138 			do {
139 				n = 10 * n + *fmt - '0';
140 			} while (isascii(*++fmt) && isdigit(*fmt));
141 			width = n;
142 			--fmt;
143 			goto rflag;
144 		case 'L':
145 			/*
146 			 * C doesn't have a long double; use long for now.
147 			 * flags |= LONGDBL;
148 			 */
149 			flags |= LONGINT;
150 			goto rflag;
151 		case 'h':
152 			flags |= SHORTINT;
153 			goto rflag;
154 		case 'l':
155 			flags |= LONGINT;
156 			goto rflag;
157 		case 'c':
158 			buf[0] = va_arg(argp, int);
159 			size = 1;
160 			t = buf;
161 			goto pforw;
162 		case 'd':
163 		case 'i':
164 			ARG();
165 			if ((long)_ulong < 0) {
166 				_ulong = -_ulong;
167 				sign = '-';
168 			}
169 			if (sign)
170 				PUTC(sign);
171 			base = 10;
172 			goto num;
173 		case 'e':
174 		case 'E':
175 		case 'f':
176 		case 'g':
177 		case 'G':
178 			_double = va_arg(argp, double);
179 			size = _cvt(_double, prec, *fmt);
180 			t = buf;
181 			goto pforw;
182 		case 'n':
183 			if (flags&LONGDBL || flags&LONGINT)
184 				*va_arg(argp, long *) = cnt;
185 			else if (flags&SHORTINT)
186 				*va_arg(argp, short *) = cnt;
187 			else
188 				*va_arg(argp, int *) = cnt;
189 			break;
190 		case 'o':
191 			ARG();
192 			base = 8;
193 			goto num;
194 		case 'p':
195 			/*
196 			 * the argument shall be a pointer to void.  The value
197 			 * of the pointer is converted to a sequence of
198 			 * printable characters, in an implementation-defined
199 			 * manner.
200 			 */
201 			_ulong = (u_long)va_arg(argp, void *);
202 			base = 16;
203 			goto num;
204 		case 's':
205 			if (!(t = va_arg(argp, char *)))
206 				t = "(null)";
207 			if ((size = strlen(t)) > prec && prec >= 0)
208 				size = prec;
209 pforw:			if (!(flags&LADJUST) && width)
210 				for (n = size; n++ < width;)
211 					PUTC(padc);
212 			if (fp->_cnt - (n = size) >= 0) {
213 				cnt += n;
214 				fp->_cnt -= n;
215 				bcopy(t, fp->_ptr, n);
216 				fp->_ptr += n;
217 			}
218 			else for (; n--; ++t)
219 				PUTC(*t);
220 			if (flags&LADJUST)
221 				while (width-- > size)
222 					PUTC(padc);
223 			break;
224 		case 'u':
225 			ARG();
226 			base = 10;
227 			goto num;
228 		case 'X':
229 			digs = "0123456789ABCDEF";
230 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
231 		case 'x':
232 			ARG();
233 			base = 16;
234 			/* alternate form for hex; leading 0x/X */
235 			if (flags&ALT && _ulong) {
236 				PUTC('0');
237 				PUTC(*fmt);
238 			}
239 num:			t = buf + MAXDIGIT - 1;
240 			do {
241 				*t-- = digs[_ulong % base];
242 				_ulong /= base;
243 			} while(_ulong);
244 			digs = "0123456789abcdef";
245 			size = buf + MAXDIGIT - 1 - t;
246 			if (size >= prec) {
247 				/* alternate form for octal; leading 0 */
248 				if (t[1] != '0' && flags&ALT && *fmt == 'o') {
249 					*t-- = '0';
250 					++size;
251 				}
252 			}
253 			else
254 				for (; size < prec; ++size)
255 					*t-- = '0';
256 			if (!(flags&LADJUST))
257 				while (size++ < width)
258 					PUTC(padc);
259 			while (++t < buf + MAXDIGIT)
260 				PUTC(*t);
261 			for (; width > size; --width)
262 				PUTC(padc);
263 			break;
264 		case '\0':		/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NULL */
265 			return(cnt);
266 		default:
267 			PUTC(*fmt);
268 		}
269 	}
270 	/*NOTREACHED*/
271 }
272 
273 #define	EFORMAT	0x01
274 #define	FFORMAT	0x02
275 #define	GFORMAT	0x04
276 #define	DEFPREC	6
277 
278 static
279 _cvt(number, prec, fmtch)
280 	double number;
281 	register int prec;
282 	char fmtch;
283 {
284 	register char *p;
285 	register int expcnt, format;
286 	static int maxprec = MAXPREC;
287 	double fract, integer, tmp, modf();
288 	int decpt;
289 	char *endp, *savep, *startp, *malloc();
290 
291 	if (prec == -1)
292 		prec = DEFPREC;
293 
294 	/* allocate space for large precision */
295 	if (prec > maxprec)
296 		buf = malloc((u_int)((maxprec = prec) + MAXFRAC + 1));
297 
298 	startp = buf;
299 	if (number < 0) {
300 		*startp++ = '-';
301 		number = -number;
302 	}
303 	else if (sign)
304 		*startp++ = sign;
305 
306 	switch(fmtch) {
307 	case 'e':
308 	case 'E':
309 		format = EFORMAT;
310 		break;
311 	case 'f':
312 		format = FFORMAT;
313 		break;
314 	case 'g':
315 	case 'G':
316 		format = GFORMAT;
317 		fmtch -= 2;
318 	}
319 
320 	/*
321 	 * if the alternate flag is set, or, at least one digit of precision
322 	 * was requested, add a decimal point, unless it's the g/G format
323 	 * in which case we require two digits of precision, as it counts
324 	 * precision differently.
325 	 */
326 	decpt = flags&ALT || prec > (format&GFORMAT ? 1 : 0);
327 
328 	expcnt = 0;
329 	p = buf + maxprec + MAXFRAC;
330 	endp = p + 1;
331 	fract = modf(number, &integer);
332 	if (integer) {
333 		register char *p2;
334 
335 		/* get integer part of number; count decimal places */
336 		for (; integer; ++expcnt) {
337 			tmp = modf(integer / 10, &integer);
338 			*p-- = (int)((tmp + .03) * 10) + '0';
339 		}
340 
341 		/* copy, in reverse order, to start of buffer */
342 		p2 = startp;
343 		*p2++ = *++p;
344 
345 		/*
346 		 * if the format is g/G, and the resulting exponent will be
347 		 * greater than the precision, use e/E format.  If e/E format,
348 		 * put in a decimal point as needed, and decrement precision
349 		 * count for each digit after the decimal point.
350 		 */
351 		if (format&GFORMAT && expcnt - 1 > prec || format&EFORMAT) {
352 			if (format&GFORMAT) {
353 				format |= EFORMAT;
354 
355 				/* first digit is precision for g/G format */
356 				if (prec)
357 					--prec;
358 			}
359 			if (decpt)
360 				*p2++ = '.';
361 			for (; ++p < endp && prec; --prec, *p2++ = *p);
362 
363 			/* precision ran out, round */
364 			if (p < endp) {
365 				if (*p > '4') {
366 					for (savep = p2--;; *p2-- = '0') {
367 						if (*p2 == '.')
368 							--p2;
369 						if (++*p2 <= '9')
370 							break;
371 					}
372 					p2 = savep;
373 				}
374 				fract = 0;
375 			}
376 		}
377 		/*
378 		 * g/G in f format; if out of precision, replace digits with
379 		 * zeroes, note, have to round first.
380 		 */
381 		else if (format&GFORMAT) {
382 			for (; ++p < endp && prec; --prec, *p2++ = *p);
383 			/* precision ran out; round and then add zeroes */
384 			if (p < endp) {
385 				if (*p > '4') {
386 					for (savep = p2--; ++*p2 > '9';
387 					    *p2-- = '0');
388 					p2 = savep;
389 				}
390 				do {
391 					*p2++ = '0';
392 				} while (++p < endp);
393 				fract = 0;
394 			}
395 			if (decpt)
396 				*p2++ = '.';
397 		}
398 		/* f format */
399 		else {
400 			for (; ++p < endp; *p2++ = *p);
401 			if (decpt)
402 				*p2++ = '.';
403 		}
404 		p = p2;
405 	}
406 	/*
407 	 * if no fraction, the number was zero, and if no precision, can't
408 	 * show anything after the decimal point.
409 	 */
410 	else if (!fract || !prec) {
411 		*startp++ = '0';
412 		if (decpt && !(format&GFORMAT))
413 			*startp++ = '.';
414 		*startp = '\0';
415 		return(startp - buf);
416 	}
417 	/*
418 	 * if the format is g/G, and the resulting exponent will be less than
419 	 * -4 use e/E format.  If e/E format, compute exponent value.
420 	 */
421 	else if (format&GFORMAT && fract < .0001 || format&EFORMAT) {
422 		format |= EFORMAT;
423 		if (fract)
424 			for (p = startp; fract;) {
425 				fract = modf(fract * 10, &tmp);
426 				if (!tmp) {
427 					--expcnt;
428 					continue;
429 				}
430 				*p++ = (int)tmp + '0';
431 				break;
432 			}
433 		else
434 			*p++ = '0';
435 
436 		/* g/G format, decrement precision for first digit */
437 		if (format&GFORMAT && prec)
438 			--prec;
439 
440 		/* add decimal after first non-zero digit */
441 		if (decpt)
442 			*p++ = '.';
443 	}
444 	/*
445 	 * f format or g/G printed as f format; don't worry about decimal
446 	 * point, if g/G format doesn't need it, will get stripped later.
447 	 */
448 	else {
449 		p = startp;
450 		*p++ = '0';
451 		*p++ = '.';
452 	}
453 
454 	/* finish out requested precision */
455 	while (fract && prec-- > 0) {
456 		fract = modf(fract * 10, &tmp);
457 		*p++ = (int)tmp + '0';
458 	}
459 	while (prec-- > 0)
460 		*p++ = '0';
461 
462 	/*
463 	 * if any fractional value left, "round" it back up to the beginning
464 	 * of the number, fixing the exponent as necessary, and avoiding the
465 	 * decimal point.
466 	 */
467 	if (fract) {
468 		(void)modf(fract * 10, &tmp);
469 		if (tmp > 4) {
470 			for (savep = p--;; *p-- = '0') {
471 				if (*p == '.')
472 					--p;
473 				if (p == startp) {
474 					*p = '1';
475 					++expcnt;
476 					break;
477 				}
478 				if (++*p <= '9')
479 					break;
480 			}
481 			p = savep;
482 		}
483 	}
484 
485 	/*
486 	 * if a g/G format and not alternate flag, lose trailing zeroes,
487 	 * if e/E or g/G format, and last char is decimal point, lose it.
488 	 */
489 	if (!(flags&ALT)) {
490 		if (format&GFORMAT)
491 			for (; p[-1] == '0'; --p);
492 		if (format&(GFORMAT|EFORMAT) && p[-1] == '.')
493 			--p;
494 	}
495 
496 	/* if an e/E format, add exponent */
497 	if (format&EFORMAT) {
498 		*p++ = fmtch;
499 		if (--expcnt < 0) {
500 			expcnt = -expcnt;
501 			*p++ = '-';
502 		}
503 		else
504 			*p++ = '+';
505 		*p++ = expcnt / 10 + '0';
506 		*p++ = expcnt % 10 + '0';
507 	}
508 	return(p - buf);
509 }
510