xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/write/write.c (revision a28daedfc357b214be5c701aa8ba8adb29a7f1c2)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: write.c,v 1.25 2008/07/06 13:42:35 sobrado Exp $	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: write.c,v 1.5 1995/08/31 21:48:32 jtc Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9  * Jef Poskanzer and Craig Leres of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 static char copyright[] =
38 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
39 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #ifndef lint
43 #if 0
44 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)write.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 4/27/95";
45 #endif
46 static char *rcsid = "$OpenBSD: write.c,v 1.25 2008/07/06 13:42:35 sobrado Exp $";
47 #endif /* not lint */
48 
49 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/stat.h>
51 #include <ctype.h>
52 #include <stdio.h>
53 #include <stdlib.h>
54 #include <string.h>
55 #include <signal.h>
56 #include <time.h>
57 #include <fcntl.h>
58 #include <paths.h>
59 #include <pwd.h>
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 #include <utmp.h>
62 #include <err.h>
63 #include <vis.h>
64 
65 void done(int sig);
66 void do_write(char *, char *, uid_t);
67 void wr_fputs(char *);
68 void search_utmp(char *, char *, int, char *, uid_t);
69 int term_chk(char *, int *, time_t *, int);
70 int utmp_chk(char *, char *);
71 
72 int
73 main(int argc, char *argv[])
74 {
75 	char tty[MAXPATHLEN], *mytty, *cp;
76 	int msgsok, myttyfd;
77 	time_t atime;
78 	uid_t myuid;
79 
80 	/* check that sender has write enabled */
81 	if (isatty(fileno(stdin)))
82 		myttyfd = fileno(stdin);
83 	else if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
84 		myttyfd = fileno(stdout);
85 	else if (isatty(fileno(stderr)))
86 		myttyfd = fileno(stderr);
87 	else
88 		errx(1, "can't find your tty");
89 	if (!(mytty = ttyname(myttyfd)))
90 		errx(1, "can't find your tty's name");
91 	if ((cp = strrchr(mytty, '/')))
92 		mytty = cp + 1;
93 	if (term_chk(mytty, &msgsok, &atime, 1))
94 		exit(1);
95 	if (!msgsok)
96 		warnx("you have write permission turned off");
97 
98 	myuid = getuid();
99 
100 	/* check args */
101 	switch (argc) {
102 	case 2:
103 		search_utmp(argv[1], tty, sizeof tty, mytty, myuid);
104 		do_write(tty, mytty, myuid);
105 		break;
106 	case 3:
107 		if (!strncmp(argv[2], _PATH_DEV, sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1))
108 			argv[2] += sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
109 		if (utmp_chk(argv[1], argv[2]))
110 			errx(1, "%s is not logged in on %s",
111 			    argv[1], argv[2]);
112 		if (term_chk(argv[2], &msgsok, &atime, 1))
113 			exit(1);
114 		if (myuid && !msgsok)
115 			errx(1, "%s has messages disabled on %s",
116 			    argv[1], argv[2]);
117 		do_write(argv[2], mytty, myuid);
118 		break;
119 	default:
120 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: write user [ttyname]\n");
121 		exit(1);
122 	}
123 	done(0);
124 
125 	/* NOTREACHED */
126 	return (0);
127 }
128 
129 /*
130  * utmp_chk - checks that the given user is actually logged in on
131  *     the given tty
132  */
133 int
134 utmp_chk(char *user, char *tty)
135 {
136 	struct utmp u;
137 	int ufd;
138 
139 	if ((ufd = open(_PATH_UTMP, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
140 		return(1);	/* no utmp, cannot talk to users */
141 
142 	while (read(ufd, (char *) &u, sizeof(u)) == sizeof(u))
143 		if (strncmp(user, u.ut_name, sizeof(u.ut_name)) == 0 &&
144 		    strncmp(tty, u.ut_line, sizeof(u.ut_line)) == 0) {
145 			(void)close(ufd);
146 			return(0);
147 		}
148 
149 	(void)close(ufd);
150 	return(1);
151 }
152 
153 /*
154  * search_utmp - search utmp for the "best" terminal to write to
155  *
156  * Ignores terminals with messages disabled, and of the rest, returns
157  * the one with the most recent access time.  Returns as value the number
158  * of the user's terminals with messages enabled, or -1 if the user is
159  * not logged in at all.
160  *
161  * Special case for writing to yourself - ignore the terminal you're
162  * writing from, unless that's the only terminal with messages enabled.
163  */
164 void
165 search_utmp(char *user, char *tty, int ttyl, char *mytty, uid_t myuid)
166 {
167 	struct utmp u;
168 	time_t bestatime, atime;
169 	int ufd, nloggedttys, nttys, msgsok, user_is_me;
170 	char atty[UT_LINESIZE + 1];
171 
172 	if ((ufd = open(_PATH_UTMP, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
173 		err(1, "%s", _PATH_UTMP);
174 
175 	nloggedttys = nttys = 0;
176 	bestatime = 0;
177 	user_is_me = 0;
178 	while (read(ufd, (char *) &u, sizeof(u)) == sizeof(u))
179 		if (strncmp(user, u.ut_name, sizeof(u.ut_name)) == 0) {
180 			++nloggedttys;
181 			(void)strncpy(atty, u.ut_line, UT_LINESIZE);
182 			atty[UT_LINESIZE] = '\0';
183 			if (term_chk(atty, &msgsok, &atime, 0))
184 				continue;	/* bad term? skip */
185 			if (myuid && !msgsok)
186 				continue;	/* skip ttys with msgs off */
187 			if (strcmp(atty, mytty) == 0) {
188 				user_is_me = 1;
189 				continue;	/* don't write to yourself */
190 			}
191 			++nttys;
192 			if (atime > bestatime) {
193 				bestatime = atime;
194 				(void)strlcpy(tty, atty, ttyl);
195 			}
196 		}
197 
198 	(void)close(ufd);
199 	if (nloggedttys == 0)
200 		errx(1, "%s is not logged in", user);
201 	if (nttys == 0) {
202 		if (user_is_me) {		/* ok, so write to yourself! */
203 			(void)strlcpy(tty, mytty, ttyl);
204 			return;
205 		}
206 		errx(1, "%s has messages disabled", user);
207 	} else if (nttys > 1)
208 		warnx("%s is logged in more than once; writing to %s",
209 		    user, tty);
210 }
211 
212 /*
213  * term_chk - check that a terminal exists, and get the message bit
214  *     and the access time
215  */
216 int
217 term_chk(char *tty, int *msgsokP, time_t *atimeP, int showerror)
218 {
219 	struct stat s;
220 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
221 
222 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, tty);
223 	if (stat(path, &s) < 0) {
224 		if (showerror)
225 			warn("%s", path);
226 		return(1);
227 	}
228 	*msgsokP = (s.st_mode & S_IWGRP) != 0;	/* group write bit */
229 	*atimeP = s.st_atime;
230 	return(0);
231 }
232 
233 /*
234  * do_write - actually make the connection
235  */
236 void
237 do_write(char *tty, char *mytty, uid_t myuid)
238 {
239 	char *login, *nows;
240 	struct passwd *pwd;
241 	time_t now;
242 	char path[MAXPATHLEN], host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], line[512];
243 	gid_t gid;
244 
245 	/* Determine our login name before the we reopen() stdout */
246 	if ((login = getlogin()) == NULL) {
247 		if ((pwd = getpwuid(myuid)))
248 			login = pwd->pw_name;
249 		else
250 			login = "???";
251 	}
252 
253 	(void)snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, tty);
254 	if ((freopen(path, "w", stdout)) == NULL)
255 		err(1, "%s", path);
256 
257 	/* revoke privs, now that we have opened the tty */
258 	gid = getgid();
259 	if (setresgid(gid, gid, gid) == -1)
260 		err(1, "setresgid");
261 
262 	(void)signal(SIGINT, done);
263 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, done);
264 
265 	/* print greeting */
266 	if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host)) < 0)
267 		(void)strlcpy(host, "???", sizeof host);
268 	now = time((time_t *)NULL);
269 	nows = ctime(&now);
270 	nows[16] = '\0';
271 	(void)printf("\r\n\007\007\007Message from %s@%s on %s at %s ...\r\n",
272 	    login, host, mytty, nows + 11);
273 
274 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) != NULL)
275 		wr_fputs(line);
276 }
277 
278 /*
279  * done - cleanup and exit
280  */
281 void
282 done(int sig)
283 {
284 	(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, "EOF\r\n", 5);
285 	if (sig)
286 		_exit(0);
287 	else
288 		exit(0);
289 }
290 
291 /*
292  * wr_fputs - like fputs(), but makes control characters visible and
293  *     turns \n into \r\n
294  */
295 void
296 wr_fputs(char *s)
297 {
298 	u_char c;
299 	char visout[5], *s2;
300 
301 #define	PUTC(c)	if (putchar(c) == EOF) goto err;
302 
303 	for (; *s != '\0'; ++s) {
304 		c = toascii(*s);
305 		if (c == '\n') {
306 			PUTC('\r');
307 			PUTC('\n');
308 			continue;
309 		}
310 		vis(visout, c, VIS_SAFE|VIS_NOSLASH, s[1]);
311 		for (s2 = visout; *s2; s2++)
312 			PUTC(*s2);
313 	}
314 	return;
315 
316 err:	err(1, NULL);
317 #undef PUTC
318 }
319