xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/auth-rhosts.c (revision a0747c9f67a4ae71ccb71e62a28d1ea19e06a63c)
1 /* $OpenBSD: auth-rhosts.c,v 1.53 2020/10/18 11:32:01 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Rhosts authentication.  This file contains code to check whether to admit
7  * the login based on rhosts authentication.  This file also processes
8  * /etc/hosts.equiv.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  */
16 
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/stat.h>
19 
20 #include <fcntl.h>
21 #include <netgroup.h>
22 #include <pwd.h>
23 #include <stdio.h>
24 #include <string.h>
25 #include <stdarg.h>
26 #include <unistd.h>
27 
28 #include "packet.h"
29 #include "uidswap.h"
30 #include "pathnames.h"
31 #include "log.h"
32 #include "misc.h"
33 #include "sshbuf.h"
34 #include "sshkey.h"
35 #include "servconf.h"
36 #include "canohost.h"
37 #include "hostfile.h"
38 #include "auth.h"
39 
40 /* import */
41 extern ServerOptions options;
42 extern int use_privsep;
43 
44 /*
45  * This function processes an rhosts-style file (.rhosts, .shosts, or
46  * /etc/hosts.equiv).  This returns true if authentication can be granted
47  * based on the file, and returns zero otherwise.
48  */
49 
50 static int
51 check_rhosts_file(const char *filename, const char *hostname,
52 		  const char *ipaddr, const char *client_user,
53 		  const char *server_user)
54 {
55 	FILE *f;
56 #define RBUFLN 1024
57 	char buf[RBUFLN];/* Must not be larger than host, user, dummy below. */
58 	int fd;
59 	struct stat st;
60 
61 	/* Open the .rhosts file, deny if unreadable */
62 	if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) == -1)
63 		return 0;
64 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
65 		close(fd);
66 		return 0;
67 	}
68 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
69 		logit("User %s hosts file %s is not a regular file",
70 		    server_user, filename);
71 		close(fd);
72 		return 0;
73 	}
74 	unset_nonblock(fd);
75 	if ((f = fdopen(fd, "r")) == NULL) {
76 		close(fd);
77 		return 0;
78 	}
79 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
80 		/* All three must have length >= buf to avoid overflows. */
81 		char hostbuf[RBUFLN], userbuf[RBUFLN], dummy[RBUFLN];
82 		char *host, *user, *cp;
83 		int negated;
84 
85 		for (cp = buf; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
86 			;
87 		if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\n' || !*cp)
88 			continue;
89 
90 		/*
91 		 * NO_PLUS is supported at least on OSF/1.  We skip it (we
92 		 * don't ever support the plus syntax).
93 		 */
94 		if (strncmp(cp, "NO_PLUS", 7) == 0)
95 			continue;
96 
97 		/*
98 		 * This should be safe because each buffer is as big as the
99 		 * whole string, and thus cannot be overwritten.
100 		 */
101 		switch (sscanf(buf, "%1023s %1023s %1023s", hostbuf, userbuf,
102 		    dummy)) {
103 		case 0:
104 			auth_debug_add("Found empty line in %.100s.", filename);
105 			continue;
106 		case 1:
107 			/* Host name only. */
108 			strlcpy(userbuf, server_user, sizeof(userbuf));
109 			break;
110 		case 2:
111 			/* Got both host and user name. */
112 			break;
113 		case 3:
114 			auth_debug_add("Found garbage in %.100s.", filename);
115 			continue;
116 		default:
117 			/* Weird... */
118 			continue;
119 		}
120 
121 		host = hostbuf;
122 		user = userbuf;
123 		negated = 0;
124 
125 		/* Process negated host names, or positive netgroups. */
126 		if (host[0] == '-') {
127 			negated = 1;
128 			host++;
129 		} else if (host[0] == '+')
130 			host++;
131 
132 		if (user[0] == '-') {
133 			negated = 1;
134 			user++;
135 		} else if (user[0] == '+')
136 			user++;
137 
138 		/* Check for empty host/user names (particularly '+'). */
139 		if (!host[0] || !user[0]) {
140 			/* We come here if either was '+' or '-'. */
141 			auth_debug_add("Ignoring wild host/user names "
142 			    "in %.100s.", filename);
143 			continue;
144 		}
145 		/* Verify that host name matches. */
146 		if (host[0] == '@') {
147 			if (!innetgr(host + 1, hostname, NULL, NULL) &&
148 			    !innetgr(host + 1, ipaddr, NULL, NULL))
149 				continue;
150 		} else if (strcasecmp(host, hostname) &&
151 		    strcmp(host, ipaddr) != 0)
152 			continue;	/* Different hostname. */
153 
154 		/* Verify that user name matches. */
155 		if (user[0] == '@') {
156 			if (!innetgr(user + 1, NULL, client_user, NULL))
157 				continue;
158 		} else if (strcmp(user, client_user) != 0)
159 			continue;	/* Different username. */
160 
161 		/* Found the user and host. */
162 		fclose(f);
163 
164 		/* If the entry was negated, deny access. */
165 		if (negated) {
166 			auth_debug_add("Matched negative entry in %.100s.",
167 			    filename);
168 			return 0;
169 		}
170 		/* Accept authentication. */
171 		return 1;
172 	}
173 
174 	/* Authentication using this file denied. */
175 	fclose(f);
176 	return 0;
177 }
178 
179 /*
180  * Tries to authenticate the user using the .shosts or .rhosts file. Returns
181  * true if authentication succeeds.  If ignore_rhosts is true, only
182  * /etc/hosts.equiv will be considered (.rhosts and .shosts are ignored).
183  */
184 int
185 auth_rhosts2(struct passwd *pw, const char *client_user, const char *hostname,
186     const char *ipaddr)
187 {
188 	char buf[1024];
189 	struct stat st;
190 	static const char *rhosts_files[] = {".shosts", ".rhosts", NULL};
191 	u_int rhosts_file_index;
192 
193 	debug2("auth_rhosts2: clientuser %s hostname %s ipaddr %s",
194 	    client_user, hostname, ipaddr);
195 
196 	/* Switch to the user's uid. */
197 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
198 	/*
199 	 * Quick check: if the user has no .shosts or .rhosts files and
200 	 * no system hosts.equiv/shosts.equiv files exist then return
201 	 * failure immediately without doing costly lookups from name
202 	 * servers.
203 	 */
204 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
205 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
206 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
207 		snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.500s/%.100s",
208 			 pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
209 		if (stat(buf, &st) >= 0)
210 			break;
211 	}
212 	/* Switch back to privileged uid. */
213 	restore_uid();
214 
215 	/*
216 	 * Deny if The user has no .shosts or .rhosts file and there
217 	 * are no system-wide files.
218 	 */
219 	if (!rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index] &&
220 	    stat(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1 &&
221 	    stat(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1) {
222 		debug3_f("no hosts access files exist");
223 		return 0;
224 	}
225 
226 	/*
227 	 * If not logging in as superuser, try /etc/hosts.equiv and
228 	 * shosts.equiv.
229 	 */
230 	if (pw->pw_uid == 0)
231 		debug3_f("root user, ignoring system hosts files");
232 	else {
233 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
234 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
235 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
236 			    "/etc/hosts.equiv.", hostname, ipaddr);
237 			return 1;
238 		}
239 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
240 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
241 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
242 			    "%.100s.", hostname, ipaddr, _PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV);
243 			return 1;
244 		}
245 	}
246 
247 	/*
248 	 * Check that the home directory is owned by root or the user, and is
249 	 * not group or world writable.
250 	 */
251 	if (stat(pw->pw_dir, &st) == -1) {
252 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
253 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
254 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
255 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
256 		return 0;
257 	}
258 	if (options.strict_modes &&
259 	    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
260 	    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
261 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
262 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
263 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
264 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
265 		return 0;
266 	}
267 	/* Temporarily use the user's uid. */
268 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
269 
270 	/* Check all .rhosts files (currently .shosts and .rhosts). */
271 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
272 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
273 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
274 		snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.500s/%.100s",
275 			 pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
276 		if (stat(buf, &st) == -1)
277 			continue;
278 
279 		/*
280 		 * Make sure that the file is either owned by the user or by
281 		 * root, and make sure it is not writable by anyone but the
282 		 * owner.  This is to help avoid novices accidentally
283 		 * allowing access to their account by anyone.
284 		 */
285 		if (options.strict_modes &&
286 		    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
287 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
288 			logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: bad modes for %.200s",
289 			    pw->pw_name, buf);
290 			auth_debug_add("Bad file modes for %.200s", buf);
291 			continue;
292 		}
293 		/*
294 		 * Check if we have been configured to ignore .rhosts
295 		 * and .shosts files.
296 		 */
297 		if (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_YES ||
298 		    (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_SHOSTS &&
299 		    strcmp(rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index], ".shosts") != 0)) {
300 			auth_debug_add("Server has been configured to "
301 			    "ignore %.100s.", rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
302 			continue;
303 		}
304 		/* Check if authentication is permitted by the file. */
305 		if (check_rhosts_file(buf, hostname, ipaddr,
306 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
307 			auth_debug_add("Accepted by %.100s.",
308 			    rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
309 			/* Restore the privileged uid. */
310 			restore_uid();
311 			auth_debug_add("Accepted host %s ip %s client_user "
312 			    "%s server_user %s", hostname, ipaddr,
313 			    client_user, pw->pw_name);
314 			return 1;
315 		}
316 	}
317 
318 	/* Restore the privileged uid. */
319 	restore_uid();
320 	return 0;
321 }
322