xref: /openbsd-src/usr.bin/openssl/apps.c (revision 92d49c0785239a5ccd0757189696b8f500ae73d1)

/* $OpenBSD: apps.c,v 1.70 2025/01/03 09:14:42 tb Exp $ */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2014 Joel Sing <jsing@openbsd.org>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */
/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This package is an SSL implementation written
 * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
 * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
 *
 * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
 * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
 * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
 * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
 * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
 * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 *
 * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
 * the code are not to be removed.
 * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
 * as the author of the parts of the library used.
 * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
 * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes cryptographic software written by
 *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
 *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
 *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
 * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from
 *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
 * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
 * copied and put under another distribution licence
 * [including the GNU Public Licence.]
 */
/* ====================================================================
 * Copyright (c) 1998-2001 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
 *    software must display the following acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
 *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
 *
 * 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
 *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *    prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
 *    openssl-core@openssl.org.
 *
 * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
 *    nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
 *    permission of the OpenSSL Project.
 *
 * 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
 *    acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
 *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
 * EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
 * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
 * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
 * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
 * (eay@cryptsoft.com).  This product includes software written by Tim
 * Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 *
 */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "apps.h"

#include <openssl/bn.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/safestack.h>
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/x509.h>
#include <openssl/x509v3.h>

typedef struct {
	const char *name;
	unsigned long flag;
	unsigned long mask;
} NAME_EX_TBL;

UI_METHOD *ui_method = NULL;

static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg,
    const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);
static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg,
    const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);

int
str2fmt(char *s)
{
	if (s == NULL)
		return FORMAT_UNDEF;
	if ((*s == 'D') || (*s == 'd'))
		return (FORMAT_ASN1);
	else if ((*s == 'T') || (*s == 't'))
		return (FORMAT_TEXT);
	else if ((*s == 'S') || (*s == 's'))
		return (FORMAT_SMIME);
	else if ((*s == 'M') || (*s == 'm'))
		return (FORMAT_MSBLOB);
	else if ((*s == '1') ||
	    (strcmp(s, "PKCS12") == 0) || (strcmp(s, "pkcs12") == 0) ||
	    (strcmp(s, "P12") == 0) || (strcmp(s, "p12") == 0))
		return (FORMAT_PKCS12);
	else if ((*s == 'P') || (*s == 'p')) {
		if (s[1] == 'V' || s[1] == 'v')
			return FORMAT_PVK;
		else
			return (FORMAT_PEM);
	} else
		return (FORMAT_UNDEF);
}

void
program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
{
	char *p;

	p = strrchr(in, '/');
	if (p != NULL)
		p++;
	else
		p = in;
	strlcpy(out, p, size);
}

int
dump_cert_text(BIO *out, X509 *x)
{
	char *p;

	p = X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x), NULL, 0);
	BIO_puts(out, "subject=");
	BIO_puts(out, p);
	free(p);

	p = X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_issuer_name(x), NULL, 0);
	BIO_puts(out, "\nissuer=");
	BIO_puts(out, p);
	BIO_puts(out, "\n");
	free(p);

	return 0;
}

int
ui_open(UI *ui)
{
	return UI_method_get_opener(UI_OpenSSL()) (ui);
}

int
ui_read(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
{
	const char *password;
	int string_type;

	if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD &&
	    UI_get0_user_data(ui)) {
		string_type = UI_get_string_type(uis);
		if (string_type == UIT_PROMPT || string_type == UIT_VERIFY) {
			password =
			    ((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
			if (password && password[0] != '\0') {
				UI_set_result(ui, uis, password);
				return 1;
			}
		}
	}
	return UI_method_get_reader(UI_OpenSSL()) (ui, uis);
}

int
ui_write(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
{
	const char *password;
	int string_type;

	if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD &&
	    UI_get0_user_data(ui)) {
		string_type = UI_get_string_type(uis);
		if (string_type == UIT_PROMPT || string_type == UIT_VERIFY) {
			password =
			    ((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
			if (password && password[0] != '\0')
				return 1;
		}
	}
	return UI_method_get_writer(UI_OpenSSL()) (ui, uis);
}

int
ui_close(UI *ui)
{
	return UI_method_get_closer(UI_OpenSSL()) (ui);
}

int
password_callback(char *buf, int bufsiz, int verify, void *arg)
{
	PW_CB_DATA *cb_tmp = arg;
	UI *ui = NULL;
	int res = 0;
	const char *prompt_info = NULL;
	const char *password = NULL;
	PW_CB_DATA *cb_data = (PW_CB_DATA *) cb_tmp;

	if (cb_data) {
		if (cb_data->password)
			password = cb_data->password;
		if (cb_data->prompt_info)
			prompt_info = cb_data->prompt_info;
	}
	if (password) {
		res = strlen(password);
		if (res > bufsiz)
			res = bufsiz;
		memcpy(buf, password, res);
		return res;
	}
	ui = UI_new_method(ui_method);
	if (ui) {
		int ok = 0;
		char *buff = NULL;
		int ui_flags = 0;
		char *prompt = NULL;

		prompt = UI_construct_prompt(ui, "pass phrase", prompt_info);

		ui_flags |= UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD;
		UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_PRINT_ERRORS, 1, 0, 0);

		if (ok >= 0)
			ok = UI_add_input_string(ui, prompt, ui_flags, buf,
			    PW_MIN_LENGTH, bufsiz - 1);
		if (ok >= 0 && verify) {
			buff = malloc(bufsiz);
			ok = UI_add_verify_string(ui, prompt, ui_flags, buff,
			    PW_MIN_LENGTH, bufsiz - 1, buf);
		}
		if (ok >= 0)
			do {
				ok = UI_process(ui);
			} while (ok < 0 &&
			    UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_IS_REDOABLE, 0, 0, 0));

		freezero(buff, (unsigned int) bufsiz);
		if (ok >= 0)
			res = strlen(buf);
		if (ok == -1) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "User interface error\n");
			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
			explicit_bzero(buf, (unsigned int) bufsiz);
			res = 0;
		}
		if (ok == -2) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "aborted!\n");
			explicit_bzero(buf, (unsigned int) bufsiz);
			res = 0;
		}
		UI_free(ui);
		free(prompt);
	}
	return res;
}

static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio);

int
app_passwd(BIO *err, char *arg1, char *arg2, char **pass1, char **pass2)
{
	int same;

	if (!arg2 || !arg1 || strcmp(arg1, arg2))
		same = 0;
	else
		same = 1;
	if (arg1) {
		*pass1 = app_get_pass(err, arg1, same);
		if (!*pass1)
			return 0;
	} else if (pass1)
		*pass1 = NULL;
	if (arg2) {
		*pass2 = app_get_pass(err, arg2, same ? 2 : 0);
		if (!*pass2)
			return 0;
	} else if (pass2)
		*pass2 = NULL;
	return 1;
}

static char *
app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio)
{
	char *tmp, tpass[APP_PASS_LEN];
	static BIO *pwdbio = NULL;
	const char *errstr = NULL;
	int i;

	if (!strncmp(arg, "pass:", 5))
		return strdup(arg + 5);
	if (!strncmp(arg, "env:", 4)) {
		tmp = getenv(arg + 4);
		if (!tmp) {
			BIO_printf(err, "Can't read environment variable %s\n",
			    arg + 4);
			return NULL;
		}
		return strdup(tmp);
	}
	if (!keepbio || !pwdbio) {
		if (!strncmp(arg, "file:", 5)) {
			pwdbio = BIO_new_file(arg + 5, "r");
			if (!pwdbio) {
				BIO_printf(err, "Can't open file %s\n",
				    arg + 5);
				return NULL;
			}
		} else if (!strncmp(arg, "fd:", 3)) {
			BIO *btmp;
			i = strtonum(arg + 3, 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
			if (errstr) {
				BIO_printf(err,
				    "Invalid file descriptor %s: %s\n",
				    arg, errstr);
				return NULL;
			}
			pwdbio = BIO_new_fd(i, BIO_NOCLOSE);
			if (!pwdbio) {
				BIO_printf(err,
				    "Can't access file descriptor %s\n",
				    arg + 3);
				return NULL;
			}
			/*
			 * Can't do BIO_gets on an fd BIO so add a buffering
			 * BIO
			 */
			btmp = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
			pwdbio = BIO_push(btmp, pwdbio);
		} else if (!strcmp(arg, "stdin")) {
			pwdbio = BIO_new_fp(stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
			if (!pwdbio) {
				BIO_printf(err, "Can't open BIO for stdin\n");
				return NULL;
			}
		} else {
			BIO_printf(err, "Invalid password argument \"%s\"\n",
			    arg);
			return NULL;
		}
	}
	i = BIO_gets(pwdbio, tpass, APP_PASS_LEN);
	if (keepbio != 1) {
		BIO_free_all(pwdbio);
		pwdbio = NULL;
	}
	if (i <= 0) {
		BIO_printf(err, "Error reading password from BIO\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	tmp = strchr(tpass, '\n');
	if (tmp)
		*tmp = 0;
	return strdup(tpass);
}

int
add_oid_section(BIO *err, CONF *conf)
{
	char *p;
	STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *sktmp;
	CONF_VALUE *cnf;
	int i;

	if (!(p = NCONF_get_string(conf, NULL, "oid_section"))) {
		ERR_clear_error();
		return 1;
	}
	if (!(sktmp = NCONF_get_section(conf, p))) {
		BIO_printf(err, "problem loading oid section %s\n", p);
		return 0;
	}
	for (i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(sktmp); i++) {
		cnf = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(sktmp, i);
		if (OBJ_create(cnf->value, cnf->name, cnf->name) == NID_undef) {
			BIO_printf(err, "problem creating object %s=%s\n",
			    cnf->name, cnf->value);
			return 0;
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

static int
load_pkcs12(BIO *err, BIO *in, const char *desc, pem_password_cb *pem_cb,
    void *cb_data, EVP_PKEY **pkey, X509 **cert, STACK_OF(X509) **ca)
{
	const char *pass;
	char tpass[PEM_BUFSIZE];
	int len, ret = 0;
	PKCS12 *p12;

	p12 = d2i_PKCS12_bio(in, NULL);
	if (p12 == NULL) {
		BIO_printf(err, "Error loading PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);
		goto die;
	}
	/* See if an empty password will do */
	if (PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, "", 0) || PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, NULL, 0))
		pass = "";
	else {
		if (!pem_cb)
			pem_cb = password_callback;
		len = pem_cb(tpass, PEM_BUFSIZE, 0, cb_data);
		if (len < 0) {
			BIO_printf(err, "Passpharse callback error for %s\n",
			    desc);
			goto die;
		}
		if (len < PEM_BUFSIZE)
			tpass[len] = 0;
		if (!PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, tpass, len)) {
			BIO_printf(err,
			    "Mac verify error (wrong password?) in PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);
			goto die;
		}
		pass = tpass;
	}
	ret = PKCS12_parse(p12, pass, pkey, cert, ca);

 die:
	PKCS12_free(p12);
	return ret;
}

X509 *
load_cert(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, const char *pass,
    const char *cert_descrip)
{
	X509 *x = NULL;
	BIO *cert;

	if ((cert = BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL) {
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		goto end;
	}
	if (file == NULL) {
		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
		BIO_set_fp(cert, stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
	} else {
		if (BIO_read_filename(cert, file) <= 0) {
			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
			    cert_descrip, file);
			ERR_print_errors(err);
			goto end;
		}
	}

	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
		x = d2i_X509_bio(cert, NULL);
	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
		x = PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(cert, NULL, password_callback, NULL);
	else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12) {
		if (!load_pkcs12(err, cert, cert_descrip, NULL, NULL,
		    NULL, &x, NULL))
			goto end;
	} else {
		BIO_printf(err, "bad input format specified for %s\n",
		    cert_descrip);
		goto end;
	}

 end:
	if (x == NULL) {
		BIO_printf(err, "unable to load certificate\n");
		ERR_print_errors(err);
	}
	BIO_free(cert);
	return (x);
}

EVP_PKEY *
load_key(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
    const char *pass, const char *key_descrip)
{
	BIO *key = NULL;
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;

	cb_data.password = pass;
	cb_data.prompt_info = file;

	if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin)) {
		BIO_printf(err, "no keyfile specified\n");
		goto end;
	}
	key = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	if (key == NULL) {
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		goto end;
	}
	if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin) {
		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
		BIO_set_fp(key, stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
	} else if (BIO_read_filename(key, file) <= 0) {
		BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
		    key_descrip, file);
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		goto end;
	}
	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1) {
		pkey = d2i_PrivateKey_bio(key, NULL);
	} else if (format == FORMAT_PEM) {
		pkey = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key, NULL, password_callback, &cb_data);
	}
	else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12) {
		if (!load_pkcs12(err, key, key_descrip, password_callback, &cb_data,
		    &pkey, NULL, NULL))
			goto end;
	}
#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA) && !defined (OPENSSL_NO_RC4)
	else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
		pkey = b2i_PrivateKey_bio(key);
	else if (format == FORMAT_PVK)
		pkey = b2i_PVK_bio(key, password_callback,
		    &cb_data);
#endif
	else {
		BIO_printf(err, "bad input format specified for key file\n");
		goto end;
	}
 end:
	BIO_free(key);
	if (pkey == NULL) {
		BIO_printf(err, "unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
		ERR_print_errors(err);
	}
	return (pkey);
}

EVP_PKEY *
load_pubkey(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
    const char *pass, const char *key_descrip)
{
	BIO *key = NULL;
	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;

	cb_data.password = pass;
	cb_data.prompt_info = file;

	if (file == NULL && !maybe_stdin) {
		BIO_printf(err, "no keyfile specified\n");
		goto end;
	}
	key = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	if (key == NULL) {
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		goto end;
	}
	if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin) {
		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
		BIO_set_fp(key, stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
	} else if (BIO_read_filename(key, file) <= 0) {
		BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n", key_descrip, file);
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		goto end;
	}
	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1) {
		pkey = d2i_PUBKEY_bio(key, NULL);
	}
	else if (format == FORMAT_ASN1RSA) {
		RSA *rsa;
		rsa = d2i_RSAPublicKey_bio(key, NULL);
		if (rsa) {
			pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
			if (pkey)
				EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
			RSA_free(rsa);
		} else
			pkey = NULL;
	} else if (format == FORMAT_PEMRSA) {
		RSA *rsa;
		rsa = PEM_read_bio_RSAPublicKey(key, NULL, password_callback, &cb_data);
		if (rsa) {
			pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
			if (pkey)
				EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
			RSA_free(rsa);
		} else
			pkey = NULL;
	}
	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM) {
		pkey = PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(key, NULL, password_callback, &cb_data);
	}
#if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA)
	else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
		pkey = b2i_PublicKey_bio(key);
#endif
	else {
		BIO_printf(err, "bad input format specified for key file\n");
		goto end;
	}

 end:
	BIO_free(key);
	if (pkey == NULL)
		BIO_printf(err, "unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
	return (pkey);
}

static int
load_certs_crls(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, const char *pass,
    const char *desc, STACK_OF(X509) **pcerts,
    STACK_OF(X509_CRL) **pcrls)
{
	int i;
	BIO *bio;
	STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *xis = NULL;
	X509_INFO *xi;
	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
	int rv = 0;

	cb_data.password = pass;
	cb_data.prompt_info = file;

	if (format != FORMAT_PEM) {
		BIO_printf(err, "bad input format specified for %s\n", desc);
		return 0;
	}
	if (file == NULL)
		bio = BIO_new_fp(stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
	else
		bio = BIO_new_file(file, "r");

	if (bio == NULL) {
		BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
		    desc, file ? file : "stdin");
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		return 0;
	}
	xis = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(bio, NULL, password_callback, &cb_data);

	BIO_free(bio);

	if (pcerts) {
		*pcerts = sk_X509_new_null();
		if (!*pcerts)
			goto end;
	}
	if (pcrls) {
		*pcrls = sk_X509_CRL_new_null();
		if (!*pcrls)
			goto end;
	}
	for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(xis); i++) {
		xi = sk_X509_INFO_value(xis, i);
		if (xi->x509 && pcerts) {
			if (!sk_X509_push(*pcerts, xi->x509))
				goto end;
			xi->x509 = NULL;
		}
		if (xi->crl && pcrls) {
			if (!sk_X509_CRL_push(*pcrls, xi->crl))
				goto end;
			xi->crl = NULL;
		}
	}

	if (pcerts && sk_X509_num(*pcerts) > 0)
		rv = 1;

	if (pcrls && sk_X509_CRL_num(*pcrls) > 0)
		rv = 1;

 end:
	sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(xis, X509_INFO_free);

	if (rv == 0) {
		if (pcerts) {
			sk_X509_pop_free(*pcerts, X509_free);
			*pcerts = NULL;
		}
		if (pcrls) {
			sk_X509_CRL_pop_free(*pcrls, X509_CRL_free);
			*pcrls = NULL;
		}
		BIO_printf(err, "unable to load %s\n",
		    pcerts ? "certificates" : "CRLs");
		ERR_print_errors(err);
	}
	return rv;
}

STACK_OF(X509) *
load_certs(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, const char *pass,
    const char *desc)
{
	STACK_OF(X509) *certs;

	if (!load_certs_crls(err, file, format, pass, desc, &certs, NULL))
		return NULL;
	return certs;
}

STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *
load_crls(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, const char *pass,
    const char *desc)
{
	STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *crls;

	if (!load_certs_crls(err, file, format, pass, desc, NULL, &crls))
		return NULL;
	return crls;
}

#define X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK		(0xfL << 16)
/* Return error for unknown extensions */
#define X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT		0
/* Print error for unknown extensions */
#define X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN	(1L << 16)
/* ASN1 parse unknown extensions */
#define X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN	(2L << 16)
/* BIO_dump unknown extensions */
#define X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN		(3L << 16)

#define X509_FLAG_CA (X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER | X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY | \
			 X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER | X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION)

int
set_cert_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
{
	static const NAME_EX_TBL cert_tbl[] = {
		{"compatible", X509_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffl},
		{"ca_default", X509_FLAG_CA, 0xffffffffl},
		{"no_header", X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER, 0},
		{"no_version", X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION, 0},
		{"no_serial", X509_FLAG_NO_SERIAL, 0},
		{"no_signame", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGNAME, 0},
		{"no_validity", X509_FLAG_NO_VALIDITY, 0},
		{"no_subject", X509_FLAG_NO_SUBJECT, 0},
		{"no_issuer", X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER, 0},
		{"no_pubkey", X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY, 0},
		{"no_extensions", X509_FLAG_NO_EXTENSIONS, 0},
		{"no_sigdump", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGDUMP, 0},
		{"no_aux", X509_FLAG_NO_AUX, 0},
		{"no_attributes", X509_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES, 0},
		{"ext_default", X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
		{"ext_error", X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
		{"ext_parse", X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
		{"ext_dump", X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
		{NULL, 0, 0}
	};
	return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, cert_tbl);
}

int
set_name_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
{
	static const NAME_EX_TBL ex_tbl[] = {
		{"esc_2253", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_2253, 0},
		{"esc_ctrl", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_CTRL, 0},
		{"esc_msb", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB, 0},
		{"use_quote", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_QUOTE, 0},
		{"utf8", ASN1_STRFLGS_UTF8_CONVERT, 0},
		{"ignore_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_IGNORE_TYPE, 0},
		{"show_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_SHOW_TYPE, 0},
		{"dump_all", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_ALL, 0},
		{"dump_nostr", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_UNKNOWN, 0},
		{"dump_der", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_DER, 0},
		{"compat", XN_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffL},
		{"sep_comma_plus", XN_FLAG_SEP_COMMA_PLUS, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
		{"sep_comma_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_CPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
		{"sep_semi_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_SPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
		{"sep_multiline", XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
		{"dn_rev", XN_FLAG_DN_REV, 0},
		{"nofname", XN_FLAG_FN_NONE, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
		{"sname", XN_FLAG_FN_SN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
		{"lname", XN_FLAG_FN_LN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
		{"align", XN_FLAG_FN_ALIGN, 0},
		{"oid", XN_FLAG_FN_OID, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
		{"space_eq", XN_FLAG_SPC_EQ, 0},
		{"dump_unknown", XN_FLAG_DUMP_UNKNOWN_FIELDS, 0},
		{"RFC2253", XN_FLAG_RFC2253, 0xffffffffL},
		{"oneline", XN_FLAG_ONELINE, 0xffffffffL},
		{"multiline", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
		{"ca_default", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
		{NULL, 0, 0}
	};
	if (!set_multi_opts(flags, arg, ex_tbl))
		return 0;
	if (*flags != XN_FLAG_COMPAT && (*flags & XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK) == 0)
		*flags |= XN_FLAG_SEP_CPLUS_SPC;
	return 1;
}

int
set_ext_copy(int *copy_type, const char *arg)
{
	if (!strcasecmp(arg, "none"))
		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_NONE;
	else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copy"))
		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_ADD;
	else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copyall"))
		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_ALL;
	else
		return 0;
	return 1;
}

int
copy_extensions(X509 *x, X509_REQ *req, int copy_type)
{
	STACK_OF(X509_EXTENSION) *exts = NULL;
	X509_EXTENSION *ext, *tmpext;
	ASN1_OBJECT *obj;
	int i, idx, ret = 0;

	if (!x || !req || (copy_type == EXT_COPY_NONE))
		return 1;
	exts = X509_REQ_get_extensions(req);

	for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_EXTENSION_num(exts); i++) {
		ext = sk_X509_EXTENSION_value(exts, i);
		obj = X509_EXTENSION_get_object(ext);
		idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
		/* Does extension exist? */
		if (idx != -1) {
			/* If normal copy don't override existing extension */
			if (copy_type == EXT_COPY_ADD)
				continue;
			/* Delete all extensions of same type */
			do {
				tmpext = X509_get_ext(x, idx);
				X509_delete_ext(x, idx);
				X509_EXTENSION_free(tmpext);
				idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
			} while (idx != -1);
		}
		if (!X509_add_ext(x, ext, -1))
			goto end;
	}

	ret = 1;

 end:
	sk_X509_EXTENSION_pop_free(exts, X509_EXTENSION_free);

	return ret;
}

static int
set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg,
    const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
{
	STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *vals;
	CONF_VALUE *val;
	int i, ret = 1;

	if (!arg)
		return 0;
	vals = X509V3_parse_list(arg);
	for (i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(vals); i++) {
		val = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(vals, i);
		if (!set_table_opts(flags, val->name, in_tbl))
			ret = 0;
	}
	sk_CONF_VALUE_pop_free(vals, X509V3_conf_free);
	return ret;
}

static int
set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg,
    const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
{
	char c;
	const NAME_EX_TBL *ptbl;

	c = arg[0];
	if (c == '-') {
		c = 0;
		arg++;
	} else if (c == '+') {
		c = 1;
		arg++;
	} else
		c = 1;

	for (ptbl = in_tbl; ptbl->name; ptbl++) {
		if (!strcasecmp(arg, ptbl->name)) {
			*flags &= ~ptbl->mask;
			if (c)
				*flags |= ptbl->flag;
			else
				*flags &= ~ptbl->flag;
			return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

void
print_name(BIO *out, const char *title, X509_NAME *nm, unsigned long lflags)
{
	char *buf;
	char mline = 0;
	int indent = 0;

	if (title)
		BIO_puts(out, title);
	if ((lflags & XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK) == XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE) {
		mline = 1;
		indent = 4;
	}
	if (lflags == XN_FLAG_COMPAT) {
		buf = X509_NAME_oneline(nm, 0, 0);
		BIO_puts(out, buf);
		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
		free(buf);
	} else {
		if (mline)
			BIO_puts(out, "\n");
		X509_NAME_print_ex(out, nm, indent, lflags);
		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
	}
}

X509_STORE *
setup_verify(BIO *bp, char *CAfile, char *CApath)
{
	X509_STORE *store;
	X509_LOOKUP *lookup;

	if (!(store = X509_STORE_new()))
		goto end;
	lookup = X509_STORE_add_lookup(store, X509_LOOKUP_file());
	if (lookup == NULL)
		goto end;
	if (CAfile) {
		if (!X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup, CAfile, X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
			BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading file %s\n", CAfile);
			goto end;
		}
	} else
		X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup, NULL, X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);

	lookup = X509_STORE_add_lookup(store, X509_LOOKUP_hash_dir());
	if (lookup == NULL)
		goto end;
	if (CApath) {
		if (!X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup, CApath, X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
			BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading directory %s\n", CApath);
			goto end;
		}
	} else
		X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup, NULL, X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);

	ERR_clear_error();
	return store;

 end:
	X509_STORE_free(store);
	return NULL;
}

int
load_config(BIO *err, CONF *cnf)
{
	static int load_config_called = 0;

	if (load_config_called)
		return 1;
	load_config_called = 1;
	if (cnf == NULL)
		cnf = config;
	if (cnf == NULL)
		return 1;

	OPENSSL_config(NULL);

	if (CONF_modules_load(cnf, NULL, 0) <= 0) {
		BIO_printf(err, "Error configuring OpenSSL\n");
		ERR_print_errors(err);
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

char *
make_config_name(void)
{
	const char *t = X509_get_default_cert_area();
	char *p;

	if (asprintf(&p, "%s/openssl.cnf", t) == -1)
		return NULL;
	return p;
}

static unsigned long
index_serial_hash(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a)
{
	const char *n;

	n = a[DB_serial];
	while (*n == '0')
		n++;
	return (lh_strhash(n));
}

static int
index_serial_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a, const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
{
	const char *aa, *bb;

	for (aa = a[DB_serial]; *aa == '0'; aa++)
		;
	for (bb = b[DB_serial]; *bb == '0'; bb++)
		;
	return (strcmp(aa, bb));
}

static int
index_name_qual(char **a)
{
	return (a[0][0] == 'V');
}

static unsigned long
index_name_hash(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a)
{
	return (lh_strhash(a[DB_name]));
}

int
index_name_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a, const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
{
	return (strcmp(a[DB_name], b[DB_name]));
}

static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name, OPENSSL_CSTRING)

BIGNUM *
load_serial(char *serialfile, int create, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
{
	BIO *in = NULL;
	BIGNUM *ret = NULL;
	char buf[1024];
	ASN1_INTEGER *ai = NULL;

	ai = ASN1_INTEGER_new();
	if (ai == NULL)
		goto err;

	if ((in = BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL) {
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto err;
	}
	if (BIO_read_filename(in, serialfile) <= 0) {
		if (!create) {
			perror(serialfile);
			goto err;
		} else {
			ret = BN_new();
			if (ret == NULL || !rand_serial(ret, ai))
				BIO_printf(bio_err, "Out of memory\n");
		}
	} else {
		if (!a2i_ASN1_INTEGER(in, ai, buf, sizeof buf)) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to load number from %s\n",
			    serialfile);
			goto err;
		}
		ret = ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(ai, NULL);
		if (ret == NULL) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err,
			    "error converting number from bin to BIGNUM\n");
			goto err;
		}
	}

	if (ret && retai) {
		*retai = ai;
		ai = NULL;
	}

 err:
	BIO_free(in);
	ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
	return (ret);
}

int
save_serial(char *serialfile, char *suffix, BIGNUM *serial,
    ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
{
	char serialpath[PATH_MAX];
	BIO *out = NULL;
	int ret = 0, n;
	ASN1_INTEGER *ai = NULL;

	if (suffix == NULL)
		n = strlcpy(serialpath, serialfile, sizeof serialpath);
	else
		n = snprintf(serialpath, sizeof serialpath, "%s.%s",
		    serialfile, suffix);
	if (n < 0 || n >= sizeof(serialpath)) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "serial too long\n");
		goto err;
	}
	out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	if (out == NULL) {
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto err;
	}
	if (BIO_write_filename(out, serialpath) <= 0) {
		perror(serialfile);
		goto err;
	}
	if ((ai = BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(serial, NULL)) == NULL) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err,
		    "error converting serial to ASN.1 format\n");
		goto err;
	}
	i2a_ASN1_INTEGER(out, ai);
	BIO_puts(out, "\n");
	ret = 1;
	if (retai) {
		*retai = ai;
		ai = NULL;
	}

 err:
	BIO_free_all(out);
	ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
	return (ret);
}

int
rotate_serial(char *serialfile, char *new_suffix, char *old_suffix)
{
	char opath[PATH_MAX], npath[PATH_MAX];

	if (snprintf(npath, sizeof npath, "%s.%s", serialfile,
	    new_suffix) >= sizeof npath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}

	if (snprintf(opath, sizeof opath, "%s.%s", serialfile,
	    old_suffix) >= sizeof opath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}

	if (rename(serialfile, opath) == -1 &&
	    errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
		    serialfile, opath);
		perror("reason");
		goto err;
	}


	if (rename(npath, serialfile) == -1) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
		    npath, serialfile);
		perror("reason");
		if (rename(opath, serialfile) == -1) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			    opath, serialfile);
			perror("reason");
		}
		goto err;
	}
	return 1;

 err:
	return 0;
}

int
rand_serial(BIGNUM *b, ASN1_INTEGER *ai)
{
	BIGNUM *btmp;
	int ret = 0;

	if (b)
		btmp = b;
	else
		btmp = BN_new();

	if (!btmp)
		return 0;

	if (!BN_pseudo_rand(btmp, SERIAL_RAND_BITS, 0, 0))
		goto error;
	if (ai && !BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(btmp, ai))
		goto error;

	ret = 1;

 error:
	if (b != btmp)
		BN_free(btmp);

	return ret;
}

CA_DB *
load_index(char *dbfile, DB_ATTR *db_attr)
{
	CA_DB *retdb = NULL;
	TXT_DB *tmpdb = NULL;
	BIO *in = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	CONF *dbattr_conf = NULL;
	char attrpath[PATH_MAX];
	long errorline = -1;

	if (in == NULL) {
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto err;
	}
	if (BIO_read_filename(in, dbfile) <= 0) {
		perror(dbfile);
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to open '%s'\n", dbfile);
		goto err;
	}
	if ((tmpdb = TXT_DB_read(in, DB_NUMBER)) == NULL)
		goto err;

	if (snprintf(attrpath, sizeof attrpath, "%s.attr", dbfile)
	    >= sizeof attrpath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "attr filename too long\n");
		goto err;
	}

	dbattr_conf = NCONF_new(NULL);
	if (NCONF_load(dbattr_conf, attrpath, &errorline) <= 0) {
		if (errorline > 0) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err,
			    "error on line %ld of db attribute file '%s'\n",
			    errorline, attrpath);
			goto err;
		} else {
			NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
			dbattr_conf = NULL;
		}
	}
	if ((retdb = malloc(sizeof(CA_DB))) == NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		goto err;
	}
	retdb->db = tmpdb;
	tmpdb = NULL;
	if (db_attr)
		retdb->attributes = *db_attr;
	else {
		retdb->attributes.unique_subject = 1;
	}

	if (dbattr_conf) {
		char *p = NCONF_get_string(dbattr_conf, NULL, "unique_subject");
		if (p) {
			retdb->attributes.unique_subject = parse_yesno(p, 1);
		}
	}

 err:
	NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
	TXT_DB_free(tmpdb);
	BIO_free_all(in);
	return retdb;
}

int
index_index(CA_DB *db)
{
	if (!TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_serial, NULL,
	    LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial), LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial))) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err,
		    "error creating serial number index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
		    db->db->error, db->db->arg1, db->db->arg2);
		return 0;
	}
	if (db->attributes.unique_subject &&
	    !TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_name, index_name_qual,
	    LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name), LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name))) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "error creating name index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
		    db->db->error, db->db->arg1, db->db->arg2);
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

int
save_index(const char *file, const char *suffix, CA_DB *db)
{
	char attrpath[PATH_MAX], dbfile[PATH_MAX];
	BIO *out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
	int j;

	if (out == NULL) {
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto err;
	}
	if (snprintf(attrpath, sizeof attrpath, "%s.attr.%s",
	    file, suffix) >= sizeof attrpath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}
	if (snprintf(dbfile, sizeof dbfile, "%s.%s",
	    file, suffix) >= sizeof dbfile) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}

	if (BIO_write_filename(out, dbfile) <= 0) {
		perror(dbfile);
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to open '%s'\n", dbfile);
		goto err;
	}
	j = TXT_DB_write(out, db->db);
	if (j <= 0)
		goto err;

	BIO_free(out);

	out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());

	if (BIO_write_filename(out, attrpath) <= 0) {
		perror(attrpath);
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to open '%s'\n", attrpath);
		goto err;
	}
	BIO_printf(out, "unique_subject = %s\n",
	    db->attributes.unique_subject ? "yes" : "no");
	BIO_free(out);

	return 1;

 err:
	return 0;
}

int
rotate_index(const char *dbfile, const char *new_suffix, const char *old_suffix)
{
	char attrpath[PATH_MAX], nattrpath[PATH_MAX], oattrpath[PATH_MAX];
	char dbpath[PATH_MAX], odbpath[PATH_MAX];

	if (snprintf(attrpath, sizeof attrpath, "%s.attr",
	    dbfile) >= sizeof attrpath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}
	if (snprintf(nattrpath, sizeof nattrpath, "%s.attr.%s",
	    dbfile, new_suffix) >= sizeof nattrpath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}
	if (snprintf(oattrpath, sizeof oattrpath, "%s.attr.%s",
	    dbfile, old_suffix) >= sizeof oattrpath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}
	if (snprintf(dbpath, sizeof dbpath, "%s.%s",
	    dbfile, new_suffix) >= sizeof dbpath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}
	if (snprintf(odbpath, sizeof odbpath, "%s.%s",
	    dbfile, old_suffix) >= sizeof odbpath) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "file name too long\n");
		goto err;
	}

	if (rename(dbfile, odbpath) == -1 && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
		    dbfile, odbpath);
		perror("reason");
		goto err;
	}

	if (rename(dbpath, dbfile) == -1) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
		    dbpath, dbfile);
		perror("reason");
		if (rename(odbpath, dbfile) == -1) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			    odbpath, dbfile);
			perror("reason");
		}
		goto err;
	}

	if (rename(attrpath, oattrpath) == -1 && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
		    attrpath, oattrpath);
		perror("reason");
		if (rename(dbfile, dbpath) == -1) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			    dbfile, dbpath);
			perror("reason");
		}
		if (rename(odbpath, dbfile) == -1) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			    odbpath, dbfile);
			perror("reason");
		}
		goto err;
	}

	if (rename(nattrpath, attrpath) == -1) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
		    nattrpath, attrpath);
		perror("reason");
		if (rename(oattrpath, attrpath) == -1) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			    oattrpath, attrpath);
			perror("reason");
		}
		if (rename(dbfile, dbpath) == -1) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			    dbfile, dbpath);
			perror("reason");
		}
		if (rename(odbpath, dbfile) == -1) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "unable to rename %s to %s\n",
			    odbpath, dbfile);
			perror("reason");
		}
		goto err;
	}
	return 1;

 err:
	return 0;
}

void
free_index(CA_DB *db)
{
	if (db) {
		TXT_DB_free(db->db);
		free(db);
	}
}

int
parse_yesno(const char *str, int def)
{
	int ret = def;

	if (str) {
		switch (*str) {
		case 'f':	/* false */
		case 'F':	/* FALSE */
		case 'n':	/* no */
		case 'N':	/* NO */
		case '0':	/* 0 */
			ret = 0;
			break;
		case 't':	/* true */
		case 'T':	/* TRUE */
		case 'y':	/* yes */
		case 'Y':	/* YES */
		case '1':	/* 1 */
			ret = 1;
			break;
		default:
			ret = def;
			break;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

/*
 * subject is expected to be in the format /type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...
 * where characters may be escaped by \
 */
X509_NAME *
parse_name(char *subject, long chtype, int multirdn)
{
	X509_NAME *name = NULL;
	size_t buflen, max_ne;
	char **ne_types, **ne_values;
	char *buf, *bp, *sp;
	int i, nid, ne_num = 0;
	int *mval;

	/*
	 * Buffer to copy the types and values into. Due to escaping the
	 * copy can only become shorter.
	 */
	buflen = strlen(subject) + 1;
	buf = malloc(buflen);

	/* Maximum number of name elements. */
	max_ne = buflen / 2 + 1;
	ne_types = reallocarray(NULL, max_ne, sizeof(char *));
	ne_values = reallocarray(NULL, max_ne, sizeof(char *));
	mval = reallocarray(NULL, max_ne, sizeof(int));

	if (buf == NULL || ne_types == NULL || ne_values == NULL ||
	    mval == NULL) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "malloc error\n");
		goto error;
	}

	bp = buf;
	sp = subject;

	if (*subject != '/') {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "Subject does not start with '/'.\n");
		goto error;
	}

	/* Skip leading '/'. */
	sp++;

	/* No multivalued RDN by default. */
	mval[ne_num] = 0;

	while (*sp) {
		/* Collect type. */
		ne_types[ne_num] = bp;
		while (*sp) {
			/* is there anything to escape in the type...? */
			if (*sp == '\\') {
				if (*++sp)
					*bp++ = *sp++;
				else {
					BIO_printf(bio_err, "escape character "
					    "at end of string\n");
					goto error;
				}
			} else if (*sp == '=') {
				sp++;
				*bp++ = '\0';
				break;
			} else
				*bp++ = *sp++;
		}
		if (!*sp) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "end of string encountered while "
			    "processing type of subject name element #%d\n",
			    ne_num);
			goto error;
		}
		ne_values[ne_num] = bp;
		while (*sp) {
			if (*sp == '\\') {
				if (*++sp)
					*bp++ = *sp++;
				else {
					BIO_printf(bio_err, "escape character "
					    "at end of string\n");
					goto error;
				}
			} else if (*sp == '/') {
				sp++;
				/* no multivalued RDN by default */
				mval[ne_num + 1] = 0;
				break;
			} else if (*sp == '+' && multirdn) {
				/* a not escaped + signals a multivalued RDN */
				sp++;
				mval[ne_num + 1] = -1;
				break;
			} else
				*bp++ = *sp++;
		}
		*bp++ = '\0';
		ne_num++;
	}

	if ((name = X509_NAME_new()) == NULL)
		goto error;

	for (i = 0; i < ne_num; i++) {
		if ((nid = OBJ_txt2nid(ne_types[i])) == NID_undef) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err,
			    "Subject Attribute %s has no known NID, skipped\n",
			    ne_types[i]);
			continue;
		}
		if (!*ne_values[i]) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "No value provided for Subject "
			    "Attribute %s, skipped\n", ne_types[i]);
			continue;
		}
		if (!X509_NAME_add_entry_by_NID(name, nid, chtype,
		    (unsigned char *) ne_values[i], -1, -1, mval[i]))
			goto error;
	}
	goto done;

 error:
	X509_NAME_free(name);
	name = NULL;

 done:
	free(ne_values);
	free(ne_types);
	free(mval);
	free(buf);

	return name;
}

int
args_verify(char ***pargs, int *pargc, int *badarg, BIO *err,
    X509_VERIFY_PARAM **pm)
{
	ASN1_OBJECT *otmp = NULL;
	unsigned long flags = 0;
	int i;
	int purpose = 0, depth = -1;
	char **oldargs = *pargs;
	char *arg = **pargs, *argn = (*pargs)[1];
	time_t at_time = 0;
	const char *errstr = NULL;

	if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy")) {
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else {
			otmp = OBJ_txt2obj(argn, 0);
			if (!otmp) {
				BIO_printf(err, "Invalid Policy \"%s\"\n",
				    argn);
				*badarg = 1;
			}
		}
		(*pargs)++;
	} else if (strcmp(arg, "-purpose") == 0) {
		const X509_PURPOSE *xptmp;
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else {
			i = X509_PURPOSE_get_by_sname(argn);
			if (i < 0) {
				BIO_printf(err, "unrecognized purpose\n");
				*badarg = 1;
			} else {
				xptmp = X509_PURPOSE_get0(i);
				purpose = X509_PURPOSE_get_id(xptmp);
			}
		}
		(*pargs)++;
	} else if (strcmp(arg, "-verify_depth") == 0) {
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else {
			depth = strtonum(argn, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
			if (errstr) {
				BIO_printf(err, "invalid depth %s: %s\n",
				    argn, errstr);
				*badarg = 1;
			}
		}
		(*pargs)++;
	} else if (strcmp(arg, "-attime") == 0) {
		if (!argn)
			*badarg = 1;
		else {
			long long timestamp;
			/*
			 * interpret the -attime argument as seconds since
			 * Epoch
			 */
			if (sscanf(argn, "%lli", &timestamp) != 1) {
				BIO_printf(bio_err,
				    "Error parsing timestamp %s\n",
				    argn);
				*badarg = 1;
			}
			/* XXX 2038 truncation */
			at_time = (time_t) timestamp;
		}
		(*pargs)++;
	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-ignore_critical"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_IGNORE_CRITICAL;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-issuer_checks"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CB_ISSUER_CHECK;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-crl_check"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-crl_check_all"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK | X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK_ALL;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy_check"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_POLICY_CHECK;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-explicit_policy"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXPLICIT_POLICY;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-legacy_verify"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_LEGACY_VERIFY;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-inhibit_any"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_ANY;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-inhibit_map"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_MAP;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-x509_strict"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_X509_STRICT;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-extended_crl"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXTENDED_CRL_SUPPORT;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-use_deltas"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_USE_DELTAS;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy_print"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_NOTIFY_POLICY;
	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-check_ss_sig"))
		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CHECK_SS_SIGNATURE;
	else
		return 0;

	if (*badarg) {
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free(*pm);
		*pm = NULL;
		goto end;
	}
	if (!*pm && !(*pm = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_new())) {
		*badarg = 1;
		goto end;
	}
	if (otmp) {
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_add0_policy(*pm, otmp);
		otmp = NULL;
	}
	if (flags)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(*pm, flags);

	if (purpose)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_purpose(*pm, purpose);

	if (depth >= 0)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_depth(*pm, depth);

	if (at_time)
		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_time(*pm, at_time);

 end:
	(*pargs)++;

	if (pargc)
		*pargc -= *pargs - oldargs;

	ASN1_OBJECT_free(otmp);
	return 1;
}

/* Read whole contents of a BIO into an allocated memory buffer and
 * return it.
 */

int
bio_to_mem(unsigned char **out, int maxlen, BIO *in)
{
	BIO *mem;
	int len, ret;
	unsigned char tbuf[1024];

	mem = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
	if (!mem)
		return -1;
	for (;;) {
		if ((maxlen != -1) && maxlen < 1024)
			len = maxlen;
		else
			len = 1024;
		len = BIO_read(in, tbuf, len);
		if (len <= 0)
			break;
		if (BIO_write(mem, tbuf, len) != len) {
			BIO_free(mem);
			return -1;
		}
		maxlen -= len;

		if (maxlen == 0)
			break;
	}
	ret = BIO_get_mem_data(mem, (char **) out);
	BIO_set_flags(mem, BIO_FLAGS_MEM_RDONLY);
	BIO_free(mem);
	return ret;
}

int
pkey_ctrl_string(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx, char *value)
{
	int rv;
	char *stmp, *vtmp = NULL;

	if (value == NULL)
		return -1;
	stmp = strdup(value);
	if (!stmp)
		return -1;
	vtmp = strchr(stmp, ':');
	if (vtmp) {
		*vtmp = 0;
		vtmp++;
	}
	rv = EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(ctx, stmp, vtmp);
	free(stmp);

	return rv;
}

/*
 * next_protos_parse parses a comma separated list of strings into a string
 * in a format suitable for passing to SSL_CTX_set_next_protos_advertised.
 *   outlen: (output) set to the length of the resulting buffer on success.
 *   err: (maybe NULL) on failure, an error message line is written to this BIO.
 *   in: a NUL terminated string like "abc,def,ghi"
 *
 *   returns: a malloced buffer or NULL on failure.
 */
unsigned char *
next_protos_parse(unsigned short *outlen, const char *in)
{
	size_t len;
	unsigned char *out;
	size_t i, start = 0;

	len = strlen(in);
	if (len >= 65535)
		return NULL;

	out = malloc(strlen(in) + 1);
	if (!out)
		return NULL;

	for (i = 0; i <= len; ++i) {
		if (i == len || in[i] == ',') {
			if (i - start > 255) {
				free(out);
				return NULL;
			}
			out[start] = i - start;
			start = i + 1;
		} else
			out[i + 1] = in[i];
	}

	*outlen = len + 1;
	return out;
}

int
app_isdir(const char *name)
{
	struct stat st;

	if (stat(name, &st) == 0)
		return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
	return -1;
}

#define OPTION_WIDTH 18

void
options_usage(const struct option *opts)
{
	const char *p, *q;
	char optstr[32];
	int i;

	for (i = 0; opts[i].name != NULL; i++) {
		if (opts[i].desc == NULL)
			continue;

		snprintf(optstr, sizeof(optstr), "-%s %s", opts[i].name,
		    (opts[i].argname != NULL) ? opts[i].argname : "");
		fprintf(stderr, " %-*s", OPTION_WIDTH, optstr);
		if (strlen(optstr) > OPTION_WIDTH)
			fprintf(stderr, "\n %-*s", OPTION_WIDTH, "");

		p = opts[i].desc;
		while ((q = strchr(p, '\n')) != NULL) {
			fprintf(stderr, " %.*s", (int)(q - p), p);
			fprintf(stderr, "\n %-*s", OPTION_WIDTH, "");
			p = q + 1;
		}
		fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", p);
	}
}

int
options_parse(int argc, char **argv, const struct option *opts, char **unnamed,
    int *argsused)
{
	const char *errstr;
	const struct option *opt;
	long long val;
	char *arg, *p;
	int fmt, used;
	int ord = 0;
	int i, j;

	if (unnamed != NULL)
		*unnamed = NULL;

	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
		p = arg = argv[i];

		/* Single unnamed argument (without leading hyphen). */
		if (*p++ != '-') {
			if (argsused != NULL)
				goto done;
			if (unnamed == NULL)
				goto unknown;
			if (*unnamed != NULL)
				goto toomany;
			*unnamed = arg;
			continue;
		}

		/* End of named options (single hyphen). */
		if (*p == '\0') {
			if (++i >= argc)
				goto done;
			if (argsused != NULL)
				goto done;
			if (unnamed != NULL && i == argc - 1) {
				if (*unnamed != NULL)
					goto toomany;
				*unnamed = argv[i];
				continue;
			}
			goto unknown;
		}

		/* See if there is a matching option... */
		for (j = 0; opts[j].name != NULL; j++) {
			if (strcmp(p, opts[j].name) == 0)
				break;
		}
		opt = &opts[j];
		if (opt->name == NULL && opt->type == 0)
			goto unknown;

		if (opt->type == OPTION_ARG ||
		    opt->type == OPTION_ARG_FORMAT ||
		    opt->type == OPTION_ARG_FUNC ||
		    opt->type == OPTION_ARG_INT ||
		    opt->type == OPTION_ARG_LONG ||
		    opt->type == OPTION_ARG_TIME) {
			if (++i >= argc) {
				fprintf(stderr, "missing %s argument for -%s\n",
				    opt->argname, opt->name);
				return (1);
			}
		}

		switch (opt->type) {
		case OPTION_ARG:
			*opt->opt.arg = argv[i];
			break;

		case OPTION_ARGV_FUNC:
			if (opt->opt.argvfunc(argc - i, &argv[i], &used) != 0)
				return (1);
			i += used - 1;
			break;

		case OPTION_ARG_FORMAT:
			fmt = str2fmt(argv[i]);
			if (fmt == FORMAT_UNDEF) {
				fprintf(stderr, "unknown %s '%s' for -%s\n",
				    opt->argname, argv[i], opt->name);
				return (1);
			}
			*opt->opt.value = fmt;
			break;

		case OPTION_ARG_FUNC:
			if (opt->opt.argfunc(argv[i]) != 0)
				return (1);
			break;

		case OPTION_ARG_INT:
			val = strtonum(argv[i], 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
			if (errstr != NULL) {
				fprintf(stderr, "%s %s argument for -%s\n",
				    errstr, opt->argname, opt->name);
				return (1);
			}
			*opt->opt.value = (int)val;
			break;

		case OPTION_ARG_LONG:
			val = strtonum(argv[i], 0, LONG_MAX, &errstr);
			if (errstr != NULL) {
				fprintf(stderr, "%s %s argument for -%s\n",
				    errstr, opt->argname, opt->name);
				return (1);
			}
			*opt->opt.lvalue = (long)val;
			break;

		case OPTION_ARG_TIME:
			val = strtonum(argv[i], 0, LLONG_MAX, &errstr);
			if (errstr != NULL) {
				fprintf(stderr, "%s %s argument for -%s\n",
				    errstr, opt->argname, opt->name);
				return (1);
			}
			*opt->opt.tvalue = val;
			break;

		case OPTION_DISCARD:
			break;

		case OPTION_FUNC:
			if (opt->opt.func() != 0)
				return (1);
			break;

		case OPTION_FLAG:
			*opt->opt.flag = 1;
			break;

		case OPTION_FLAG_ORD:
			*opt->opt.flag = ++ord;
			break;

		case OPTION_VALUE:
			*opt->opt.value = opt->value;
			break;

		case OPTION_VALUE_AND:
			*opt->opt.value &= opt->value;
			break;

		case OPTION_VALUE_OR:
			*opt->opt.value |= opt->value;
			break;

		case OPTION_UL_VALUE_OR:
			*opt->opt.ulvalue |= opt->ulvalue;
			break;

		case OPTION_ORDER:
			*opt->opt.order = ++(*opt->order);
			break;

		default:
			fprintf(stderr, "option %s - unknown type %i\n",
			    opt->name, opt->type);
			return (1);
		}
	}

 done:
	if (argsused != NULL)
		*argsused = i;

	return (0);

 toomany:
	fprintf(stderr, "too many arguments\n");
	return (1);

 unknown:
	fprintf(stderr, "unknown option '%s'\n", arg);
	return (1);
}

void
show_cipher(const OBJ_NAME *name, void *arg)
{
	int *n = arg;

	if (!islower((unsigned char)*name->name))
		return;

	fprintf(stderr, " -%-24s%s", name->name, (++*n % 3 != 0 ? "" : "\n"));
}