xref: /openbsd-src/sys/kern/sys_futex.c (revision d0fc3bb68efd6c434b4053cd7adb29023cbec341)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: sys_futex.c,v 1.18 2021/05/26 18:11:59 kettenis Exp $ */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Martin Pieuchot
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
9  *
10  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
17  */
18 
19 #include <sys/param.h>
20 #include <sys/systm.h>
21 #include <sys/proc.h>
22 #include <sys/kernel.h>
23 #include <sys/mount.h>
24 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
25 #include <sys/pool.h>
26 #include <sys/time.h>
27 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
28 #include <sys/futex.h>
29 
30 #ifdef KTRACE
31 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
32 #endif
33 
34 #include <uvm/uvm.h>
35 
36 /*
37  * Atomicity is only needed on MULTIPROCESSOR kernels.  Fall back on
38  * copyin(9) until non-MULTIPROCESSOR architectures have a copyin32(9)
39  * implementation.
40  */
41 #ifndef MULTIPROCESSOR
42 #define copyin32(uaddr, kaddr)	copyin((uaddr), (kaddr), sizeof(uint32_t))
43 #endif
44 
45 /*
46  * Kernel representation of a futex.
47  */
48 struct futex {
49 	LIST_ENTRY(futex)	 ft_list;	/* list of all futexes */
50 	TAILQ_HEAD(, proc)	 ft_threads;	/* sleeping queue */
51 	struct uvm_object	*ft_obj;	/* UVM object */
52 	voff_t			 ft_off;	/* UVM offset */
53 	unsigned int		 ft_refcnt;	/* # of references */
54 };
55 
56 /* Syscall helpers. */
57 int	 futex_wait(uint32_t *, uint32_t, const struct timespec *, int);
58 int	 futex_wake(uint32_t *, uint32_t, int);
59 int	 futex_requeue(uint32_t *, uint32_t, uint32_t *, uint32_t, int);
60 
61 /* Flags for futex_get(). */
62 #define FT_CREATE	0x1	/* Create a futex if it doesn't exist. */
63 #define FT_PRIVATE	0x2	/* Futex is process-private. */
64 
65 struct futex *futex_get(uint32_t *, int);
66 void	 futex_put(struct futex *);
67 
68 /*
69  * The global futex lock serializes futex(2) calls so that no wakeup
70  * event is lost, and protects all futex lists and futex states.
71  */
72 struct rwlock			ftlock = RWLOCK_INITIALIZER("futex");
73 static struct futex_list	ftlist_shared =
74 				    LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ftlist_shared);
75 struct pool			ftpool;
76 
77 
78 void
79 futex_init(void)
80 {
81 	pool_init(&ftpool, sizeof(struct futex), 0, IPL_NONE,
82 	    PR_WAITOK | PR_RWLOCK, "futexpl", NULL);
83 }
84 
85 int
86 sys_futex(struct proc *p, void *v, register_t *retval)
87 {
88 	struct sys_futex_args /* {
89 		syscallarg(uint32_t *) f;
90 		syscallarg(int) op;
91 		syscallarg(inr) val;
92 		syscallarg(const struct timespec *) timeout;
93 		syscallarg(uint32_t *) g;
94 	} */ *uap = v;
95 	uint32_t *uaddr = SCARG(uap, f);
96 	int op = SCARG(uap, op);
97 	uint32_t val = SCARG(uap, val);
98 	const struct timespec *timeout = SCARG(uap, timeout);
99 	void *g = SCARG(uap, g);
100 	int flags = 0;
101 	int error = 0;
102 
103 	if (op & FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG)
104 		flags |= FT_PRIVATE;
105 
106 	switch (op) {
107 	case FUTEX_WAIT:
108 	case FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE:
109 		KERNEL_LOCK();
110 		rw_enter_write(&ftlock);
111 		error = futex_wait(uaddr, val, timeout, flags);
112 		rw_exit_write(&ftlock);
113 		KERNEL_UNLOCK();
114 		break;
115 	case FUTEX_WAKE:
116 	case FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE:
117 		rw_enter_write(&ftlock);
118 		*retval = futex_wake(uaddr, val, flags);
119 		rw_exit_write(&ftlock);
120 		break;
121 	case FUTEX_REQUEUE:
122 	case FUTEX_REQUEUE_PRIVATE:
123 		rw_enter_write(&ftlock);
124 		*retval = futex_requeue(uaddr, val, g, (u_long)timeout, flags);
125 		rw_exit_write(&ftlock);
126 		break;
127 	default:
128 		error = ENOSYS;
129 		break;
130 	}
131 
132 	return error;
133 }
134 
135 /*
136  * Return an existing futex matching userspace address ``uaddr''.
137  *
138  * If such futex does not exist and FT_CREATE is given, create it.
139  */
140 struct futex *
141 futex_get(uint32_t *uaddr, int flags)
142 {
143 	struct proc *p = curproc;
144 	vm_map_t map = &p->p_vmspace->vm_map;
145 	vm_map_entry_t entry;
146 	struct uvm_object *obj = NULL;
147 	voff_t off = (vaddr_t)uaddr;
148 	struct futex *f;
149 	struct futex_list *ftlist = &p->p_p->ps_ftlist;
150 
151 	rw_assert_wrlock(&ftlock);
152 
153 	if (!(flags & FT_PRIVATE)) {
154 		vm_map_lock_read(map);
155 		if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, (vaddr_t)uaddr, &entry) &&
156 		    UVM_ET_ISOBJ(entry) && entry->object.uvm_obj &&
157 		    entry->inheritance == MAP_INHERIT_SHARE) {
158 			ftlist = &ftlist_shared;
159 			obj = entry->object.uvm_obj;
160 			off = entry->offset + ((vaddr_t)uaddr - entry->start);
161 		}
162 		vm_map_unlock_read(map);
163 	}
164 
165 	LIST_FOREACH(f, ftlist, ft_list) {
166 		if (f->ft_obj == obj && f->ft_off == off) {
167 			f->ft_refcnt++;
168 			break;
169 		}
170 	}
171 
172 	if ((f == NULL) && (flags & FT_CREATE)) {
173 		/*
174 		 * We rely on the rwlock to ensure that no other thread
175 		 * create the same futex.
176 		 */
177 		f = pool_get(&ftpool, PR_WAITOK);
178 		TAILQ_INIT(&f->ft_threads);
179 		f->ft_obj = obj;
180 		f->ft_off = off;
181 		f->ft_refcnt = 1;
182 		LIST_INSERT_HEAD(ftlist, f, ft_list);
183 	}
184 
185 	return f;
186 }
187 
188 /*
189  * Release a given futex.
190  */
191 void
192 futex_put(struct futex *f)
193 {
194 	rw_assert_wrlock(&ftlock);
195 
196 	KASSERT(f->ft_refcnt > 0);
197 
198 	--f->ft_refcnt;
199 	if (f->ft_refcnt == 0) {
200 		KASSERT(TAILQ_EMPTY(&f->ft_threads));
201 		LIST_REMOVE(f, ft_list);
202 		pool_put(&ftpool, f);
203 	}
204 }
205 
206 /*
207  * Put the current thread on the sleep queue of the futex at address
208  * ``uaddr''.  Let it sleep for the specified ``timeout'' time, or
209  * indefinitely if the argument is NULL.
210  */
211 int
212 futex_wait(uint32_t *uaddr, uint32_t val, const struct timespec *timeout,
213     int flags)
214 {
215 	struct proc *p = curproc;
216 	struct futex *f;
217 	uint64_t nsecs = INFSLP;
218 	uint32_t cval;
219 	int error;
220 
221 	/*
222 	 * After reading the value a race is still possible but
223 	 * we deal with it by serializing all futex syscalls.
224 	 */
225 	rw_assert_wrlock(&ftlock);
226 
227 	/*
228 	 * Read user space futex value
229 	 */
230 	if ((error = copyin32(uaddr, &cval)))
231 		return error;
232 
233 	/* If the value changed, stop here. */
234 	if (cval != val)
235 		return EAGAIN;
236 
237 	if (timeout != NULL) {
238 		struct timespec ts;
239 
240 		if ((error = copyin(timeout, &ts, sizeof(ts))))
241 			return error;
242 #ifdef KTRACE
243 		if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_STRUCT))
244 			ktrreltimespec(p, &ts);
245 #endif
246 		if (ts.tv_sec < 0 || !timespecisvalid(&ts))
247 			return EINVAL;
248 		nsecs = MAX(1, MIN(TIMESPEC_TO_NSEC(&ts), MAXTSLP));
249 	}
250 
251 	f = futex_get(uaddr, flags | FT_CREATE);
252 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&f->ft_threads, p, p_fut_link);
253 	p->p_futex = f;
254 
255 	error = rwsleep_nsec(p, &ftlock, PWAIT|PCATCH, "fsleep", nsecs);
256 	if (error == ERESTART)
257 		error = ECANCELED;
258 	else if (error == EWOULDBLOCK) {
259 		/* A race occurred between a wakeup and a timeout. */
260 		if (p->p_futex == NULL)
261 			error = 0;
262 		else
263 			error = ETIMEDOUT;
264 	}
265 
266 	/* Remove ourself if we haven't been awaken. */
267 	if ((f = p->p_futex) != NULL) {
268 		p->p_futex = NULL;
269 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&f->ft_threads, p, p_fut_link);
270 		futex_put(f);
271 	}
272 
273 	return error;
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Wakeup at most ``n'' sibling threads sleeping on a futex at address
278  * ``uaddr'' and requeue at most ``m'' sibling threads on a futex at
279  * address ``uaddr2''.
280  */
281 int
282 futex_requeue(uint32_t *uaddr, uint32_t n, uint32_t *uaddr2, uint32_t m,
283     int flags)
284 {
285 	struct futex *f, *g;
286 	struct proc *p;
287 	uint32_t count = 0;
288 
289 	rw_assert_wrlock(&ftlock);
290 
291 	f = futex_get(uaddr, flags);
292 	if (f == NULL)
293 		return 0;
294 
295 	while ((p = TAILQ_FIRST(&f->ft_threads)) != NULL && (count < (n + m))) {
296 		p->p_futex = NULL;
297 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&f->ft_threads, p, p_fut_link);
298 		futex_put(f);
299 
300 		if (count < n) {
301 			wakeup_one(p);
302 		} else if (uaddr2 != NULL) {
303 			g = futex_get(uaddr2, FT_CREATE);
304 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&g->ft_threads, p, p_fut_link);
305 			p->p_futex = g;
306 		}
307 		count++;
308 	}
309 
310 	futex_put(f);
311 
312 	return count;
313 }
314 
315 /*
316  * Wakeup at most ``n'' sibling threads sleeping on a futex at address
317  * ``uaddr''.
318  */
319 int
320 futex_wake(uint32_t *uaddr, uint32_t n, int flags)
321 {
322 	return futex_requeue(uaddr, n, NULL, 0, flags);
323 }
324