xref: /openbsd-src/share/man/man9/disklabel.9 (revision 41ce3b17e73f6b7d2d9e1a3d961e4bab2d895cb5)

.\"	$OpenBSD: disklabel.9,v 1.18 2022/03/31 17:27:23 naddy Exp $
.\"	$NetBSD: disklabel.9,v 1.7 1999/03/06 22:09:29 mycroft Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1996 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
.\" by Paul Kranenburg.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: March 31 2022 $
.Dt DISKLABEL 9
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm disklabel ,
.Nm readdisklabel ,
.Nm writedisklabel ,
.Nm setdisklabel ,
.Nm bounds_check_with_label
.Nd disk label management routines
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In sys/param.h
.In sys/disklabel.h
.Ft int
.Fn readdisklabel "dev_t dev" "void (*strat)(struct buf *)" "struct disklabel *lp" "int spoofonly"
.Ft int
.Fn writedisklabel "dev_t dev" "void (*strat)(struct buf *)" "struct disklabel *lp"
.Ft int
.Fn setdisklabel "struct disklabel *olp" "struct disklabel *nlp" "u_int openmask"
.Ft int
.Fn bounds_check_with_label "struct buf *bp" "struct disklabel *lp"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
This collection of routines provides a disklabel management interface to
kernel device drivers.
These routines are classified as machine- or architecture-dependent because
of restrictions imposed by the machine architecture and boot-strapping code
on the location of the label, or because cooperation with other operating
systems requires specialized conversion code.
.Pp
.Fn readdisklabel
attempts to read a disklabel from the device identified by
.Fa dev ,
using the device strategy routine passed in
.Fa strat .
Note that a buffer structure is required to pass to the strategy routine;
it needs to be acquired and parametrized for the intended I/O operation,
and disposed of when the operation has completed.
Some fields in the disklabel passed in
.Fa lp
may be pre-initialized by the caller in order to meet device driver
requirements for the I/O operation initiated to get to the disklabel data
on the medium.
In particular, the field
.Dq d_secsize ,
if non-zero, is used by
.Fn readdisklabel
to get an appropriately sized buffer to pass to the device strategy routine.
Unspecified fields in
.Fa lp
should be set to zero.
If the medium does not contain a native disklabel that can be read in directly
or
.Fa spoofonly
argument is a true value,
If a disk label is found or can be constructed, a value of 0 is returned.
Otherwise the value of the I/O errno encountered is returned.
.Pp
.Fn writedisklabel
stores disk label information contained in the disk label structure given by
.Fa lp
on the device identified by
.Fa dev .
Like
.Fn readdisklabel ,
it acquires and sets up an I/O buffer to pass to the strategy routine
.Fa strat .
.Fn writedisklabel
returns 0 on success and
.Dv EINVAL
if the disk label specifies invalid or unconvertible values.
Otherwise, any error condition reported by the device strategy routine
in the buffer's
.Dq Va b_error
field is returned.
.Pp
.Fn setdisklabel
checks a proposed new disk label passed in
.Fa nlp
for some amount of basic sanity.
This includes a check on attempts to
change the location, or reduce the size, of an existing disk partition
that is currently in use by the system.
The current disposition of the disk partitions is made available through
.Fa olp
and
.Fa openmask ,
which provide, respectively, the existing disk label and a bit mask
identifying the partitions that are currently in use.
Failure to pass on
.Dq basic sanity ,
results in a
.Dv EINVAL
return value, while a vetoed update of the partition layout is signalled by a
.Dv EBUSY
return value.
Otherwise, 0 is returned.
.Pp
.Fn bounds_check_with_label
is used to check whether a device transfer described by
.Fa bp
to the device identified by
.Fa dev ,
is properly contained within a disk partition of the disk with label
.Fa lp .
If this check fails,
.Fn bounds_check_with_label
sets the buffer's
.Dq Va b_error
field to
.Dv EINVAL
and sets the
.Dv B_ERROR
flag in
.Dq Va b_flags .
A value of \-1 is returned if any of the bound checks failed,
a null transfer was attempted,
or transfer was attempted exactly at the end of the disk partition.
Otherwise the value of 0 is returned.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr disklabel 5 ,
.Xr disklabel 8 ,
.Xr fdisk 8