1*e5cc2e7eSschwarze.\" $OpenBSD: amas.4,v 1.4 2013/07/16 16:05:48 schwarze Exp $ 2e6402894Sariane.\" 3e6402894Sariane.\" Copyright (c) 2009 Ariane van der Steldt <ariane@stack.nl> 4e6402894Sariane.\" 5e6402894Sariane.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 6e6402894Sariane.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7e6402894Sariane.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8e6402894Sariane.\" 9e6402894Sariane.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 10e6402894Sariane.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 11e6402894Sariane.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 12e6402894Sariane.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 13e6402894Sariane.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 14e6402894Sariane.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 15e6402894Sariane.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16e6402894Sariane.\" 17*e5cc2e7eSschwarze.Dd $Mdocdate: July 16 2013 $ 18e6402894Sariane.Dt AMAS 4 19e6402894Sariane.Os 20e6402894Sariane.Sh NAME 21e6402894Sariane.Nm amas 22e6402894Sariane.Nd AMD memory address map 23e6402894Sariane.Sh SYNOPSIS 24e6402894Sariane.Cd "amas* at pci?" 25e6402894Sariane.Sh DESCRIPTION 26e6402894SarianeThe 27e6402894Sariane.Nm 28e6402894Sarianedriver provides read access to the AMD memory map, which describes 29e6402894Sarianethe location of physical memory. 30e6402894Sariane.Pp 31e6402894SarianeOne instance of this device is shared between all cores on a chip. 32e6402894SarianeThis device is present on AMD processors of the 0Fh, 10h and 11h family. 33e6402894Sariane.Pp 34e6402894SarianeThe 35e6402894Sariane.Nm 36e6402894Sarianedevice can run in either interleaved mode or in non-interleaved mode. 37e6402894SarianeIn interleaved mode, the physical memory addresses are rotated across 38e6402894Sarianeeach chip. 39e6402894Sariane.Nm 40b8cc8973Ssthensits between the CPU cores, the DRAM controller and the HyperTransport bus. 41e6402894SarianeWhen a CPU requests a memory page, 42e6402894Sariane.Nm 43e6402894Sarianedecides if the request is serviced from memory local to the chip, 44e6402894Sarianein which case it normalizes the address and passes it on to the dram 45e6402894Sarianecontroller. 46e6402894SarianeIf the request refers to memory present on a different chip, 47e6402894Sarianethe request is forwarded to the correct chip using the hypertransport bus. 48e6402894Sariane.Pp 49e6402894SarianeThe 50e6402894Sariane.Nm 51e6402894Sarianedevice is configured by the BIOS and kernel startup routines. 52e6402894SarianeIf multiple instances of this device are available, 53e6402894Sarianeall should contain the same information. 54e6402894Sariane.Sh SEE ALSO 55e6402894Sariane.Xr pci 4 56e6402894Sariane.Rs 57e6402894Sariane.%T "BIOS and Kernel Developer's Guide for AMD Athlon 64 and AMD Opteron Processors" 58e6402894Sariane.%D February 2006 59e6402894Sariane.%R Publication # 26094 60e6402894Sariane.%P pp. 66\(en80 61633747ceSjmc.\" .%U http://support.amd.com/us/Processor_TechDocs/26094.PDF 62e6402894Sariane.Re 63e6402894Sariane.Rs 64e6402894Sariane.%T "BIOS and Kernel Developer's Guide (BKDG) For AMD Family 10h Processors" 65e6402894Sariane.%D March 2008 66e6402894Sariane.%R Publication # 31116 67e6402894Sariane.%P pp. 158\(en167 68633747ceSjmc.\" .%U http://support.amd.com/us/Processor_TechDocs/31116.pdf 69e6402894Sariane.Re 70e6402894Sariane.Rs 71e6402894Sariane.%T "BIOS and Kernel Developer's Guide (BKDG) For AMD Family 11h Processors" 72e6402894Sariane.%D July 2008 73e6402894Sariane.%R Publication # 41256 74e6402894Sariane.%P pp. 109\(en114 75633747ceSjmc.\" .%U http://support.amd.com/us/Processor_TechDocs/41256.pdf 76e6402894Sariane.Re 77e6402894Sariane.Sh HISTORY 78e6402894SarianeThe 79e6402894Sariane.Nm 80e6402894Sarianedriver first appeared in 81e6402894Sariane.Ox 4.6 . 82e6402894Sariane.Sh AUTHORS 83e6402894SarianeThe 84e6402894Sariane.Nm 85e6402894Sarianedriver was written by 86*e5cc2e7eSschwarze.An Ariane van der Steldt Aq Mt ariane@stack.nl . 87