1 /* $OpenBSD: malloc.c,v 1.191 2016/06/30 09:00:48 otto Exp $ */ 2 /* 3 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2010, 2011 Otto Moerbeek <otto@drijf.net> 4 * Copyright (c) 2012 Matthew Dempsky <matthew@openbsd.org> 5 * Copyright (c) 2008 Damien Miller <djm@openbsd.org> 6 * Copyright (c) 2000 Poul-Henning Kamp <phk@FreeBSD.org> 7 * 8 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 9 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 10 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 11 * 12 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 13 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 14 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 15 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 16 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 17 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 18 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 19 */ 20 21 /* 22 * If we meet some day, and you think this stuff is worth it, you 23 * can buy me a beer in return. Poul-Henning Kamp 24 */ 25 26 /* #define MALLOC_STATS */ 27 28 #include <sys/types.h> 29 #include <sys/param.h> /* PAGE_SHIFT ALIGN */ 30 #include <sys/queue.h> 31 #include <sys/mman.h> 32 #include <sys/uio.h> 33 #include <errno.h> 34 #include <stdint.h> 35 #include <stdlib.h> 36 #include <string.h> 37 #include <stdio.h> 38 #include <unistd.h> 39 40 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 41 #include <sys/tree.h> 42 #include <fcntl.h> 43 #endif 44 45 #include "thread_private.h" 46 47 #if defined(__sparc__) && !defined(__sparcv9__) 48 #define MALLOC_PAGESHIFT (13U) 49 #elif defined(__mips64__) 50 #define MALLOC_PAGESHIFT (14U) 51 #else 52 #define MALLOC_PAGESHIFT (PAGE_SHIFT) 53 #endif 54 55 #define MALLOC_MINSHIFT 4 56 #define MALLOC_MAXSHIFT (MALLOC_PAGESHIFT - 1) 57 #define MALLOC_PAGESIZE (1UL << MALLOC_PAGESHIFT) 58 #define MALLOC_MINSIZE (1UL << MALLOC_MINSHIFT) 59 #define MALLOC_PAGEMASK (MALLOC_PAGESIZE - 1) 60 #define MASK_POINTER(p) ((void *)(((uintptr_t)(p)) & ~MALLOC_PAGEMASK)) 61 62 #define MALLOC_MAXCHUNK (1 << MALLOC_MAXSHIFT) 63 #define MALLOC_MAXCACHE 256 64 #define MALLOC_DELAYED_CHUNK_MASK 15 65 #define MALLOC_INITIAL_REGIONS 512 66 #define MALLOC_DEFAULT_CACHE 64 67 #define MALLOC_CHUNK_LISTS 4 68 69 /* 70 * When the P option is active, we move allocations between half a page 71 * and a whole page towards the end, subject to alignment constraints. 72 * This is the extra headroom we allow. Set to zero to be the most 73 * strict. 74 */ 75 #define MALLOC_LEEWAY 0 76 77 #define PAGEROUND(x) (((x) + (MALLOC_PAGEMASK)) & ~MALLOC_PAGEMASK) 78 79 /* 80 * What to use for Junk. This is the byte value we use to fill with 81 * when the 'J' option is enabled. Use SOME_JUNK right after alloc, 82 * and SOME_FREEJUNK right before free. 83 */ 84 #define SOME_JUNK 0xd0 /* as in "Duh" :-) */ 85 #define SOME_FREEJUNK 0xdf 86 87 #define MMAP(sz) mmap(NULL, (size_t)(sz), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, \ 88 MAP_ANON | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, (off_t) 0) 89 90 #define MMAPA(a,sz) mmap((a), (size_t)(sz), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, \ 91 MAP_ANON | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, (off_t) 0) 92 93 #define MQUERY(a, sz) mquery((a), (size_t)(sz), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, \ 94 MAP_ANON | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_FIXED, -1, (off_t)0) 95 96 struct region_info { 97 void *p; /* page; low bits used to mark chunks */ 98 uintptr_t size; /* size for pages, or chunk_info pointer */ 99 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 100 void *f; /* where allocated from */ 101 #endif 102 }; 103 104 LIST_HEAD(chunk_head, chunk_info); 105 106 struct dir_info { 107 u_int32_t canary1; 108 int active; /* status of malloc */ 109 struct region_info *r; /* region slots */ 110 size_t regions_total; /* number of region slots */ 111 size_t regions_free; /* number of free slots */ 112 /* lists of free chunk info structs */ 113 struct chunk_head chunk_info_list[MALLOC_MAXSHIFT + 1]; 114 /* lists of chunks with free slots */ 115 struct chunk_head chunk_dir[MALLOC_MAXSHIFT + 1][MALLOC_CHUNK_LISTS]; 116 size_t free_regions_size; /* free pages cached */ 117 /* free pages cache */ 118 struct region_info free_regions[MALLOC_MAXCACHE]; 119 /* delayed free chunk slots */ 120 void *delayed_chunks[MALLOC_DELAYED_CHUNK_MASK + 1]; 121 size_t rbytesused; /* random bytes used */ 122 char *func; /* current function */ 123 u_char rbytes[32]; /* random bytes */ 124 u_short chunk_start; 125 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 126 size_t inserts; 127 size_t insert_collisions; 128 size_t finds; 129 size_t find_collisions; 130 size_t deletes; 131 size_t delete_moves; 132 size_t cheap_realloc_tries; 133 size_t cheap_reallocs; 134 size_t malloc_used; /* bytes allocated */ 135 size_t malloc_guarded; /* bytes used for guards */ 136 #define STATS_ADD(x,y) ((x) += (y)) 137 #define STATS_SUB(x,y) ((x) -= (y)) 138 #define STATS_INC(x) ((x)++) 139 #define STATS_ZERO(x) ((x) = 0) 140 #define STATS_SETF(x,y) ((x)->f = (y)) 141 #else 142 #define STATS_ADD(x,y) /* nothing */ 143 #define STATS_SUB(x,y) /* nothing */ 144 #define STATS_INC(x) /* nothing */ 145 #define STATS_ZERO(x) /* nothing */ 146 #define STATS_SETF(x,y) /* nothing */ 147 #endif /* MALLOC_STATS */ 148 u_int32_t canary2; 149 }; 150 #define DIR_INFO_RSZ ((sizeof(struct dir_info) + MALLOC_PAGEMASK) & \ 151 ~MALLOC_PAGEMASK) 152 153 /* 154 * This structure describes a page worth of chunks. 155 * 156 * How many bits per u_short in the bitmap 157 */ 158 #define MALLOC_BITS (NBBY * sizeof(u_short)) 159 struct chunk_info { 160 LIST_ENTRY(chunk_info) entries; 161 void *page; /* pointer to the page */ 162 u_int32_t canary; 163 u_short size; /* size of this page's chunks */ 164 u_short shift; /* how far to shift for this size */ 165 u_short free; /* how many free chunks */ 166 u_short total; /* how many chunks */ 167 /* which chunks are free */ 168 u_short bits[1]; 169 }; 170 171 struct malloc_readonly { 172 struct dir_info *malloc_pool; /* Main bookkeeping information */ 173 int malloc_freenow; /* Free quickly - disable chunk rnd */ 174 int malloc_freeunmap; /* mprotect free pages PROT_NONE? */ 175 int malloc_hint; /* call madvice on free pages? */ 176 int malloc_junk; /* junk fill? */ 177 int malloc_move; /* move allocations to end of page? */ 178 int malloc_realloc; /* always realloc? */ 179 int malloc_xmalloc; /* xmalloc behaviour? */ 180 size_t malloc_canaries; /* use canaries after chunks? */ 181 size_t malloc_guard; /* use guard pages after allocations? */ 182 u_int malloc_cache; /* free pages we cache */ 183 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 184 int malloc_stats; /* dump statistics at end */ 185 #endif 186 u_int32_t malloc_canary; /* Matched against ones in malloc_pool */ 187 uintptr_t malloc_chunk_canary; 188 }; 189 190 /* This object is mapped PROT_READ after initialisation to prevent tampering */ 191 static union { 192 struct malloc_readonly mopts; 193 u_char _pad[MALLOC_PAGESIZE]; 194 } malloc_readonly __attribute__((aligned(MALLOC_PAGESIZE))); 195 #define mopts malloc_readonly.mopts 196 #define getpool() mopts.malloc_pool 197 198 char *malloc_options; /* compile-time options */ 199 200 static u_char getrbyte(struct dir_info *d); 201 202 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 203 void malloc_dump(int); 204 PROTO_NORMAL(malloc_dump); 205 static void malloc_exit(void); 206 #define CALLER __builtin_return_address(0) 207 #else 208 #define CALLER NULL 209 #endif 210 211 /* low bits of r->p determine size: 0 means >= page size and p->size holding 212 * real size, otherwise r->size is a shift count, or 1 for malloc(0) 213 */ 214 #define REALSIZE(sz, r) \ 215 (sz) = (uintptr_t)(r)->p & MALLOC_PAGEMASK, \ 216 (sz) = ((sz) == 0 ? (r)->size : ((sz) == 1 ? 0 : (1 << ((sz)-1)))) 217 218 static inline void 219 _MALLOC_LEAVE(struct dir_info *d) 220 { 221 if (__isthreaded) { 222 d->active--; 223 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 224 } 225 } 226 227 static inline void 228 _MALLOC_ENTER(struct dir_info *d) 229 { 230 if (__isthreaded) { 231 _MALLOC_LOCK(); 232 d->active++; 233 } 234 } 235 236 static inline size_t 237 hash(void *p) 238 { 239 size_t sum; 240 uintptr_t u; 241 242 u = (uintptr_t)p >> MALLOC_PAGESHIFT; 243 sum = u; 244 sum = (sum << 7) - sum + (u >> 16); 245 #ifdef __LP64__ 246 sum = (sum << 7) - sum + (u >> 32); 247 sum = (sum << 7) - sum + (u >> 48); 248 #endif 249 return sum; 250 } 251 252 static void 253 wrterror(struct dir_info *d, char *msg, void *p) 254 { 255 char *q = " error: "; 256 struct iovec iov[7]; 257 char pidbuf[20]; 258 char buf[20]; 259 int saved_errno = errno; 260 261 iov[0].iov_base = __progname; 262 iov[0].iov_len = strlen(__progname); 263 iov[1].iov_base = pidbuf; 264 snprintf(pidbuf, sizeof(pidbuf), "(%d) in ", getpid()); 265 iov[1].iov_len = strlen(pidbuf); 266 if (d != NULL) { 267 iov[2].iov_base = d->func; 268 iov[2].iov_len = strlen(d->func); 269 } else { 270 iov[2].iov_base = "unknown"; 271 iov[2].iov_len = 7; 272 } 273 iov[3].iov_base = q; 274 iov[3].iov_len = strlen(q); 275 iov[4].iov_base = msg; 276 iov[4].iov_len = strlen(msg); 277 iov[5].iov_base = buf; 278 if (p == NULL) 279 iov[5].iov_len = 0; 280 else { 281 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), " %p", p); 282 iov[5].iov_len = strlen(buf); 283 } 284 iov[6].iov_base = "\n"; 285 iov[6].iov_len = 1; 286 writev(STDERR_FILENO, iov, 7); 287 288 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 289 if (mopts.malloc_stats) 290 malloc_dump(STDERR_FILENO); 291 #endif /* MALLOC_STATS */ 292 293 errno = saved_errno; 294 295 abort(); 296 } 297 298 static void 299 rbytes_init(struct dir_info *d) 300 { 301 arc4random_buf(d->rbytes, sizeof(d->rbytes)); 302 /* add 1 to account for using d->rbytes[0] */ 303 d->rbytesused = 1 + d->rbytes[0] % (sizeof(d->rbytes) / 2); 304 } 305 306 static inline u_char 307 getrbyte(struct dir_info *d) 308 { 309 u_char x; 310 311 if (d->rbytesused >= sizeof(d->rbytes)) 312 rbytes_init(d); 313 x = d->rbytes[d->rbytesused++]; 314 return x; 315 } 316 317 /* 318 * Cache maintenance. We keep at most malloc_cache pages cached. 319 * If the cache is becoming full, unmap pages in the cache for real, 320 * and then add the region to the cache 321 * Opposed to the regular region data structure, the sizes in the 322 * cache are in MALLOC_PAGESIZE units. 323 */ 324 static void 325 unmap(struct dir_info *d, void *p, size_t sz) 326 { 327 size_t psz = sz >> MALLOC_PAGESHIFT; 328 size_t rsz, tounmap; 329 struct region_info *r; 330 u_int i, offset; 331 332 if (sz != PAGEROUND(sz)) { 333 wrterror(d, "munmap round", NULL); 334 return; 335 } 336 337 if (psz > mopts.malloc_cache) { 338 i = munmap(p, sz); 339 if (i) 340 wrterror(d, "munmap", p); 341 STATS_SUB(d->malloc_used, sz); 342 return; 343 } 344 tounmap = 0; 345 rsz = mopts.malloc_cache - d->free_regions_size; 346 if (psz > rsz) 347 tounmap = psz - rsz; 348 offset = getrbyte(d); 349 for (i = 0; tounmap > 0 && i < mopts.malloc_cache; i++) { 350 r = &d->free_regions[(i + offset) & (mopts.malloc_cache - 1)]; 351 if (r->p != NULL) { 352 rsz = r->size << MALLOC_PAGESHIFT; 353 if (munmap(r->p, rsz)) 354 wrterror(d, "munmap", r->p); 355 r->p = NULL; 356 if (tounmap > r->size) 357 tounmap -= r->size; 358 else 359 tounmap = 0; 360 d->free_regions_size -= r->size; 361 r->size = 0; 362 STATS_SUB(d->malloc_used, rsz); 363 } 364 } 365 if (tounmap > 0) 366 wrterror(d, "malloc cache underflow", NULL); 367 for (i = 0; i < mopts.malloc_cache; i++) { 368 r = &d->free_regions[(i + offset) & (mopts.malloc_cache - 1)]; 369 if (r->p == NULL) { 370 if (mopts.malloc_hint) 371 madvise(p, sz, MADV_FREE); 372 if (mopts.malloc_freeunmap) 373 mprotect(p, sz, PROT_NONE); 374 r->p = p; 375 r->size = psz; 376 d->free_regions_size += psz; 377 break; 378 } 379 } 380 if (i == mopts.malloc_cache) 381 wrterror(d, "malloc free slot lost", NULL); 382 if (d->free_regions_size > mopts.malloc_cache) 383 wrterror(d, "malloc cache overflow", NULL); 384 } 385 386 static void 387 zapcacheregion(struct dir_info *d, void *p, size_t len) 388 { 389 u_int i; 390 struct region_info *r; 391 size_t rsz; 392 393 for (i = 0; i < mopts.malloc_cache; i++) { 394 r = &d->free_regions[i]; 395 if (r->p >= p && r->p <= (void *)((char *)p + len)) { 396 rsz = r->size << MALLOC_PAGESHIFT; 397 if (munmap(r->p, rsz)) 398 wrterror(d, "munmap", r->p); 399 r->p = NULL; 400 d->free_regions_size -= r->size; 401 r->size = 0; 402 STATS_SUB(d->malloc_used, rsz); 403 } 404 } 405 } 406 407 static void * 408 map(struct dir_info *d, void *hint, size_t sz, int zero_fill) 409 { 410 size_t psz = sz >> MALLOC_PAGESHIFT; 411 struct region_info *r, *big = NULL; 412 u_int i, offset; 413 void *p; 414 415 if (mopts.malloc_canary != (d->canary1 ^ (u_int32_t)(uintptr_t)d) || 416 d->canary1 != ~d->canary2) 417 wrterror(d, "internal struct corrupt", NULL); 418 if (sz != PAGEROUND(sz)) { 419 wrterror(d, "map round", NULL); 420 return MAP_FAILED; 421 } 422 if (!hint && psz > d->free_regions_size) { 423 _MALLOC_LEAVE(d); 424 p = MMAP(sz); 425 _MALLOC_ENTER(d); 426 if (p != MAP_FAILED) 427 STATS_ADD(d->malloc_used, sz); 428 /* zero fill not needed */ 429 return p; 430 } 431 offset = getrbyte(d); 432 for (i = 0; i < mopts.malloc_cache; i++) { 433 r = &d->free_regions[(i + offset) & (mopts.malloc_cache - 1)]; 434 if (r->p != NULL) { 435 if (hint && r->p != hint) 436 continue; 437 if (r->size == psz) { 438 p = r->p; 439 r->p = NULL; 440 r->size = 0; 441 d->free_regions_size -= psz; 442 if (mopts.malloc_freeunmap) 443 mprotect(p, sz, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE); 444 if (mopts.malloc_hint) 445 madvise(p, sz, MADV_NORMAL); 446 if (zero_fill) 447 memset(p, 0, sz); 448 else if (mopts.malloc_junk == 2 && 449 mopts.malloc_freeunmap) 450 memset(p, SOME_FREEJUNK, sz); 451 return p; 452 } else if (r->size > psz) 453 big = r; 454 } 455 } 456 if (big != NULL) { 457 r = big; 458 p = r->p; 459 r->p = (char *)r->p + (psz << MALLOC_PAGESHIFT); 460 if (mopts.malloc_freeunmap) 461 mprotect(p, sz, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE); 462 if (mopts.malloc_hint) 463 madvise(p, sz, MADV_NORMAL); 464 r->size -= psz; 465 d->free_regions_size -= psz; 466 if (zero_fill) 467 memset(p, 0, sz); 468 else if (mopts.malloc_junk == 2 && mopts.malloc_freeunmap) 469 memset(p, SOME_FREEJUNK, sz); 470 return p; 471 } 472 if (hint) 473 return MAP_FAILED; 474 if (d->free_regions_size > mopts.malloc_cache) 475 wrterror(d, "malloc cache", NULL); 476 _MALLOC_LEAVE(d); 477 p = MMAP(sz); 478 _MALLOC_ENTER(d); 479 if (p != MAP_FAILED) 480 STATS_ADD(d->malloc_used, sz); 481 /* zero fill not needed */ 482 return p; 483 } 484 485 static void 486 omalloc_parseopt(char opt) 487 { 488 switch (opt) { 489 case '>': 490 mopts.malloc_cache <<= 1; 491 if (mopts.malloc_cache > MALLOC_MAXCACHE) 492 mopts.malloc_cache = MALLOC_MAXCACHE; 493 break; 494 case '<': 495 mopts.malloc_cache >>= 1; 496 break; 497 case 'a': 498 case 'A': 499 /* ignored */ 500 break; 501 case 'c': 502 mopts.malloc_canaries = 0; 503 break; 504 case 'C': 505 mopts.malloc_canaries = sizeof(void *); 506 break; 507 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 508 case 'd': 509 mopts.malloc_stats = 0; 510 break; 511 case 'D': 512 mopts.malloc_stats = 1; 513 break; 514 #endif /* MALLOC_STATS */ 515 case 'f': 516 mopts.malloc_freenow = 0; 517 mopts.malloc_freeunmap = 0; 518 break; 519 case 'F': 520 mopts.malloc_freenow = 1; 521 mopts.malloc_freeunmap = 1; 522 break; 523 case 'g': 524 mopts.malloc_guard = 0; 525 break; 526 case 'G': 527 mopts.malloc_guard = MALLOC_PAGESIZE; 528 break; 529 case 'h': 530 mopts.malloc_hint = 0; 531 break; 532 case 'H': 533 mopts.malloc_hint = 1; 534 break; 535 case 'j': 536 mopts.malloc_junk = 0; 537 break; 538 case 'J': 539 mopts.malloc_junk = 2; 540 break; 541 case 'n': 542 case 'N': 543 break; 544 case 'p': 545 mopts.malloc_move = 0; 546 break; 547 case 'P': 548 mopts.malloc_move = 1; 549 break; 550 case 'r': 551 mopts.malloc_realloc = 0; 552 break; 553 case 'R': 554 mopts.malloc_realloc = 1; 555 break; 556 case 'u': 557 mopts.malloc_freeunmap = 0; 558 break; 559 case 'U': 560 mopts.malloc_freeunmap = 1; 561 break; 562 case 'x': 563 mopts.malloc_xmalloc = 0; 564 break; 565 case 'X': 566 mopts.malloc_xmalloc = 1; 567 break; 568 default: { 569 static const char q[] = "malloc() warning: " 570 "unknown char in MALLOC_OPTIONS\n"; 571 write(STDERR_FILENO, q, sizeof(q) - 1); 572 break; 573 } 574 } 575 } 576 577 /* 578 * Initialize a dir_info, which should have been cleared by caller 579 */ 580 static int 581 omalloc_init(struct dir_info **dp) 582 { 583 char *p, *q, b[64]; 584 int i, j; 585 size_t d_avail, regioninfo_size; 586 struct dir_info *d; 587 588 /* 589 * Default options 590 */ 591 mopts.malloc_junk = 1; 592 mopts.malloc_move = 1; 593 mopts.malloc_cache = MALLOC_DEFAULT_CACHE; 594 595 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { 596 switch (i) { 597 case 0: 598 j = readlink("/etc/malloc.conf", b, sizeof b - 1); 599 if (j <= 0) 600 continue; 601 b[j] = '\0'; 602 p = b; 603 break; 604 case 1: 605 if (issetugid() == 0) 606 p = getenv("MALLOC_OPTIONS"); 607 else 608 continue; 609 break; 610 case 2: 611 p = malloc_options; 612 break; 613 default: 614 p = NULL; 615 } 616 617 for (; p != NULL && *p != '\0'; p++) { 618 switch (*p) { 619 case 'S': 620 for (q = "CGJ"; *q != '\0'; q++) 621 omalloc_parseopt(*q); 622 mopts.malloc_cache = 0; 623 break; 624 case 's': 625 for (q = "cgj"; *q != '\0'; q++) 626 omalloc_parseopt(*q); 627 mopts.malloc_cache = MALLOC_DEFAULT_CACHE; 628 break; 629 default: 630 omalloc_parseopt(*p); 631 break; 632 } 633 } 634 } 635 636 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 637 if (mopts.malloc_stats && (atexit(malloc_exit) == -1)) { 638 static const char q[] = "malloc() warning: atexit(2) failed." 639 " Will not be able to dump stats on exit\n"; 640 write(STDERR_FILENO, q, sizeof(q) - 1); 641 } 642 #endif /* MALLOC_STATS */ 643 644 while ((mopts.malloc_canary = arc4random()) == 0) 645 ; 646 647 arc4random_buf(&mopts.malloc_chunk_canary, 648 sizeof(mopts.malloc_chunk_canary)); 649 650 /* 651 * Allocate dir_info with a guard page on either side. Also 652 * randomise offset inside the page at which the dir_info 653 * lies (subject to alignment by 1 << MALLOC_MINSHIFT) 654 */ 655 if ((p = MMAP(DIR_INFO_RSZ + (MALLOC_PAGESIZE * 2))) == MAP_FAILED) 656 return -1; 657 mprotect(p, MALLOC_PAGESIZE, PROT_NONE); 658 mprotect(p + MALLOC_PAGESIZE + DIR_INFO_RSZ, 659 MALLOC_PAGESIZE, PROT_NONE); 660 d_avail = (DIR_INFO_RSZ - sizeof(*d)) >> MALLOC_MINSHIFT; 661 d = (struct dir_info *)(p + MALLOC_PAGESIZE + 662 (arc4random_uniform(d_avail) << MALLOC_MINSHIFT)); 663 664 rbytes_init(d); 665 d->regions_free = d->regions_total = MALLOC_INITIAL_REGIONS; 666 regioninfo_size = d->regions_total * sizeof(struct region_info); 667 d->r = MMAP(regioninfo_size); 668 if (d->r == MAP_FAILED) { 669 wrterror(NULL, "malloc init mmap failed", NULL); 670 d->regions_total = 0; 671 return 1; 672 } 673 for (i = 0; i <= MALLOC_MAXSHIFT; i++) { 674 LIST_INIT(&d->chunk_info_list[i]); 675 for (j = 0; j < MALLOC_CHUNK_LISTS; j++) 676 LIST_INIT(&d->chunk_dir[i][j]); 677 } 678 STATS_ADD(d->malloc_used, regioninfo_size); 679 d->canary1 = mopts.malloc_canary ^ (u_int32_t)(uintptr_t)d; 680 d->canary2 = ~d->canary1; 681 682 *dp = d; 683 684 /* 685 * Options have been set and will never be reset. 686 * Prevent further tampering with them. 687 */ 688 if (((uintptr_t)&malloc_readonly & MALLOC_PAGEMASK) == 0) 689 mprotect(&malloc_readonly, sizeof(malloc_readonly), PROT_READ); 690 691 return 0; 692 } 693 694 static int 695 omalloc_grow(struct dir_info *d) 696 { 697 size_t newtotal; 698 size_t newsize; 699 size_t mask; 700 size_t i; 701 struct region_info *p; 702 703 if (d->regions_total > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(struct region_info) / 2 ) 704 return 1; 705 706 newtotal = d->regions_total * 2; 707 newsize = newtotal * sizeof(struct region_info); 708 mask = newtotal - 1; 709 710 p = MMAP(newsize); 711 if (p == MAP_FAILED) 712 return 1; 713 714 STATS_ADD(d->malloc_used, newsize); 715 STATS_ZERO(d->inserts); 716 STATS_ZERO(d->insert_collisions); 717 for (i = 0; i < d->regions_total; i++) { 718 void *q = d->r[i].p; 719 if (q != NULL) { 720 size_t index = hash(q) & mask; 721 STATS_INC(d->inserts); 722 while (p[index].p != NULL) { 723 index = (index - 1) & mask; 724 STATS_INC(d->insert_collisions); 725 } 726 p[index] = d->r[i]; 727 } 728 } 729 /* avoid pages containing meta info to end up in cache */ 730 if (munmap(d->r, d->regions_total * sizeof(struct region_info))) 731 wrterror(d, "munmap", d->r); 732 else 733 STATS_SUB(d->malloc_used, 734 d->regions_total * sizeof(struct region_info)); 735 d->regions_free = d->regions_free + d->regions_total; 736 d->regions_total = newtotal; 737 d->r = p; 738 return 0; 739 } 740 741 static struct chunk_info * 742 alloc_chunk_info(struct dir_info *d, int bits) 743 { 744 struct chunk_info *p; 745 size_t size, count; 746 747 if (bits == 0) 748 count = MALLOC_PAGESIZE / MALLOC_MINSIZE; 749 else 750 count = MALLOC_PAGESIZE >> bits; 751 752 size = howmany(count, MALLOC_BITS); 753 size = sizeof(struct chunk_info) + (size - 1) * sizeof(u_short); 754 size = ALIGN(size); 755 756 if (LIST_EMPTY(&d->chunk_info_list[bits])) { 757 char *q; 758 int i; 759 760 q = MMAP(MALLOC_PAGESIZE); 761 if (q == MAP_FAILED) 762 return NULL; 763 STATS_ADD(d->malloc_used, MALLOC_PAGESIZE); 764 count = MALLOC_PAGESIZE / size; 765 for (i = 0; i < count; i++, q += size) 766 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&d->chunk_info_list[bits], 767 (struct chunk_info *)q, entries); 768 } 769 p = LIST_FIRST(&d->chunk_info_list[bits]); 770 LIST_REMOVE(p, entries); 771 memset(p, 0, size); 772 p->canary = d->canary1; 773 return p; 774 } 775 776 777 /* 778 * The hashtable uses the assumption that p is never NULL. This holds since 779 * non-MAP_FIXED mappings with hint 0 start at BRKSIZ. 780 */ 781 static int 782 insert(struct dir_info *d, void *p, size_t sz, void *f) 783 { 784 size_t index; 785 size_t mask; 786 void *q; 787 788 if (d->regions_free * 4 < d->regions_total) { 789 if (omalloc_grow(d)) 790 return 1; 791 } 792 mask = d->regions_total - 1; 793 index = hash(p) & mask; 794 q = d->r[index].p; 795 STATS_INC(d->inserts); 796 while (q != NULL) { 797 index = (index - 1) & mask; 798 q = d->r[index].p; 799 STATS_INC(d->insert_collisions); 800 } 801 d->r[index].p = p; 802 d->r[index].size = sz; 803 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 804 d->r[index].f = f; 805 #endif 806 d->regions_free--; 807 return 0; 808 } 809 810 static struct region_info * 811 find(struct dir_info *d, void *p) 812 { 813 size_t index; 814 size_t mask = d->regions_total - 1; 815 void *q, *r; 816 817 if (mopts.malloc_canary != (d->canary1 ^ (u_int32_t)(uintptr_t)d) || 818 d->canary1 != ~d->canary2) 819 wrterror(d, "internal struct corrupt", NULL); 820 p = MASK_POINTER(p); 821 index = hash(p) & mask; 822 r = d->r[index].p; 823 q = MASK_POINTER(r); 824 STATS_INC(d->finds); 825 while (q != p && r != NULL) { 826 index = (index - 1) & mask; 827 r = d->r[index].p; 828 q = MASK_POINTER(r); 829 STATS_INC(d->find_collisions); 830 } 831 return (q == p && r != NULL) ? &d->r[index] : NULL; 832 } 833 834 static void 835 delete(struct dir_info *d, struct region_info *ri) 836 { 837 /* algorithm R, Knuth Vol III section 6.4 */ 838 size_t mask = d->regions_total - 1; 839 size_t i, j, r; 840 841 if (d->regions_total & (d->regions_total - 1)) 842 wrterror(d, "regions_total not 2^x", NULL); 843 d->regions_free++; 844 STATS_INC(d->deletes); 845 846 i = ri - d->r; 847 for (;;) { 848 d->r[i].p = NULL; 849 d->r[i].size = 0; 850 j = i; 851 for (;;) { 852 i = (i - 1) & mask; 853 if (d->r[i].p == NULL) 854 return; 855 r = hash(d->r[i].p) & mask; 856 if ((i <= r && r < j) || (r < j && j < i) || 857 (j < i && i <= r)) 858 continue; 859 d->r[j] = d->r[i]; 860 STATS_INC(d->delete_moves); 861 break; 862 } 863 864 } 865 } 866 867 /* 868 * Allocate a page of chunks 869 */ 870 static struct chunk_info * 871 omalloc_make_chunks(struct dir_info *d, int bits, int listnum) 872 { 873 struct chunk_info *bp; 874 void *pp; 875 int i, k; 876 877 /* Allocate a new bucket */ 878 pp = map(d, NULL, MALLOC_PAGESIZE, 0); 879 if (pp == MAP_FAILED) 880 return NULL; 881 882 bp = alloc_chunk_info(d, bits); 883 if (bp == NULL) { 884 unmap(d, pp, MALLOC_PAGESIZE); 885 return NULL; 886 } 887 888 /* memory protect the page allocated in the malloc(0) case */ 889 if (bits == 0) { 890 bp->size = 0; 891 bp->shift = 1; 892 i = MALLOC_MINSIZE - 1; 893 while (i >>= 1) 894 bp->shift++; 895 bp->total = bp->free = MALLOC_PAGESIZE >> bp->shift; 896 bp->page = pp; 897 898 k = mprotect(pp, MALLOC_PAGESIZE, PROT_NONE); 899 if (k < 0) { 900 unmap(d, pp, MALLOC_PAGESIZE); 901 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&d->chunk_info_list[0], bp, entries); 902 return NULL; 903 } 904 } else { 905 bp->size = 1U << bits; 906 bp->shift = bits; 907 bp->total = bp->free = MALLOC_PAGESIZE >> bits; 908 bp->page = pp; 909 } 910 911 /* set all valid bits in the bitmap */ 912 k = bp->total; 913 i = 0; 914 915 /* Do a bunch at a time */ 916 for (; (k - i) >= MALLOC_BITS; i += MALLOC_BITS) 917 bp->bits[i / MALLOC_BITS] = (u_short)~0U; 918 919 for (; i < k; i++) 920 bp->bits[i / MALLOC_BITS] |= (u_short)1U << (i % MALLOC_BITS); 921 922 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&d->chunk_dir[bits][listnum], bp, entries); 923 924 bits++; 925 if ((uintptr_t)pp & bits) 926 wrterror(d, "pp & bits", pp); 927 928 insert(d, (void *)((uintptr_t)pp | bits), (uintptr_t)bp, NULL); 929 return bp; 930 } 931 932 933 /* 934 * Allocate a chunk 935 */ 936 static void * 937 malloc_bytes(struct dir_info *d, size_t size, void *f) 938 { 939 int i, j, listnum; 940 size_t k; 941 u_short u, *lp; 942 struct chunk_info *bp; 943 944 if (mopts.malloc_canary != (d->canary1 ^ (u_int32_t)(uintptr_t)d) || 945 d->canary1 != ~d->canary2) 946 wrterror(d, "internal struct corrupt", NULL); 947 /* Don't bother with anything less than this */ 948 /* unless we have a malloc(0) requests */ 949 if (size != 0 && size < MALLOC_MINSIZE) 950 size = MALLOC_MINSIZE; 951 952 /* Find the right bucket */ 953 if (size == 0) 954 j = 0; 955 else { 956 j = MALLOC_MINSHIFT; 957 i = (size - 1) >> (MALLOC_MINSHIFT - 1); 958 while (i >>= 1) 959 j++; 960 } 961 962 listnum = getrbyte(d) % MALLOC_CHUNK_LISTS; 963 /* If it's empty, make a page more of that size chunks */ 964 if ((bp = LIST_FIRST(&d->chunk_dir[j][listnum])) == NULL) { 965 bp = omalloc_make_chunks(d, j, listnum); 966 if (bp == NULL) 967 return NULL; 968 } 969 970 if (bp->canary != d->canary1) 971 wrterror(d, "chunk info corrupted", NULL); 972 973 i = d->chunk_start; 974 if (bp->free > 1) 975 i += getrbyte(d); 976 if (i >= bp->total) 977 i &= bp->total - 1; 978 for (;;) { 979 for (;;) { 980 lp = &bp->bits[i / MALLOC_BITS]; 981 if (!*lp) { 982 i += MALLOC_BITS; 983 i &= ~(MALLOC_BITS - 1); 984 if (i >= bp->total) 985 i = 0; 986 } else 987 break; 988 } 989 k = i % MALLOC_BITS; 990 u = 1 << k; 991 if (*lp & u) 992 break; 993 if (++i >= bp->total) 994 i = 0; 995 } 996 d->chunk_start += i + 1; 997 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 998 if (i == 0) { 999 struct region_info *r = find(d, bp->page); 1000 r->f = f; 1001 } 1002 #endif 1003 1004 *lp ^= u; 1005 1006 /* If there are no more free, remove from free-list */ 1007 if (!--bp->free) 1008 LIST_REMOVE(bp, entries); 1009 1010 /* Adjust to the real offset of that chunk */ 1011 k += (lp - bp->bits) * MALLOC_BITS; 1012 k <<= bp->shift; 1013 1014 if (mopts.malloc_canaries && bp->size > 0) { 1015 char *end = (char *)bp->page + k + bp->size; 1016 uintptr_t *canary = (uintptr_t *)(end - mopts.malloc_canaries); 1017 *canary = mopts.malloc_chunk_canary ^ hash(canary); 1018 } 1019 1020 if (mopts.malloc_junk == 2 && bp->size > 0) 1021 memset((char *)bp->page + k, SOME_JUNK, 1022 bp->size - mopts.malloc_canaries); 1023 return ((char *)bp->page + k); 1024 } 1025 1026 static uint32_t 1027 find_chunknum(struct dir_info *d, struct region_info *r, void *ptr) 1028 { 1029 struct chunk_info *info; 1030 uint32_t chunknum; 1031 1032 info = (struct chunk_info *)r->size; 1033 if (info->canary != d->canary1) 1034 wrterror(d, "chunk info corrupted", NULL); 1035 1036 if (mopts.malloc_canaries && info->size > 0) { 1037 char *end = (char *)ptr + info->size; 1038 uintptr_t *canary = (uintptr_t *)(end - mopts.malloc_canaries); 1039 if (*canary != (mopts.malloc_chunk_canary ^ hash(canary))) 1040 wrterror(d, "chunk canary corrupted", ptr); 1041 } 1042 1043 /* Find the chunk number on the page */ 1044 chunknum = ((uintptr_t)ptr & MALLOC_PAGEMASK) >> info->shift; 1045 1046 if ((uintptr_t)ptr & ((1U << (info->shift)) - 1)) { 1047 wrterror(d, "modified chunk-pointer", ptr); 1048 return -1; 1049 } 1050 if (info->bits[chunknum / MALLOC_BITS] & 1051 (1U << (chunknum % MALLOC_BITS))) { 1052 wrterror(d, "chunk is already free", ptr); 1053 return -1; 1054 } 1055 return chunknum; 1056 } 1057 1058 /* 1059 * Free a chunk, and possibly the page it's on, if the page becomes empty. 1060 */ 1061 static void 1062 free_bytes(struct dir_info *d, struct region_info *r, void *ptr) 1063 { 1064 struct chunk_head *mp; 1065 struct chunk_info *info; 1066 uint32_t chunknum; 1067 int listnum; 1068 1069 info = (struct chunk_info *)r->size; 1070 if ((chunknum = find_chunknum(d, r, ptr)) == -1) 1071 return; 1072 1073 info->bits[chunknum / MALLOC_BITS] |= 1U << (chunknum % MALLOC_BITS); 1074 info->free++; 1075 1076 if (info->free == 1) { 1077 /* Page became non-full */ 1078 listnum = getrbyte(d) % MALLOC_CHUNK_LISTS; 1079 if (info->size != 0) 1080 mp = &d->chunk_dir[info->shift][listnum]; 1081 else 1082 mp = &d->chunk_dir[0][listnum]; 1083 1084 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(mp, info, entries); 1085 return; 1086 } 1087 1088 if (info->free != info->total) 1089 return; 1090 1091 LIST_REMOVE(info, entries); 1092 1093 if (info->size == 0 && !mopts.malloc_freeunmap) 1094 mprotect(info->page, MALLOC_PAGESIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE); 1095 unmap(d, info->page, MALLOC_PAGESIZE); 1096 1097 delete(d, r); 1098 if (info->size != 0) 1099 mp = &d->chunk_info_list[info->shift]; 1100 else 1101 mp = &d->chunk_info_list[0]; 1102 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(mp, info, entries); 1103 } 1104 1105 1106 1107 static void * 1108 omalloc(struct dir_info *pool, size_t sz, int zero_fill, void *f) 1109 { 1110 void *p; 1111 size_t psz; 1112 1113 if (sz > MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) { 1114 if (sz >= SIZE_MAX - mopts.malloc_guard - MALLOC_PAGESIZE) { 1115 errno = ENOMEM; 1116 return NULL; 1117 } 1118 sz += mopts.malloc_guard; 1119 psz = PAGEROUND(sz); 1120 p = map(pool, NULL, psz, zero_fill); 1121 if (p == MAP_FAILED) { 1122 errno = ENOMEM; 1123 return NULL; 1124 } 1125 if (insert(pool, p, sz, f)) { 1126 unmap(pool, p, psz); 1127 errno = ENOMEM; 1128 return NULL; 1129 } 1130 if (mopts.malloc_guard) { 1131 if (mprotect((char *)p + psz - mopts.malloc_guard, 1132 mopts.malloc_guard, PROT_NONE)) 1133 wrterror(pool, "mprotect", NULL); 1134 STATS_ADD(pool->malloc_guarded, mopts.malloc_guard); 1135 } 1136 1137 if (mopts.malloc_move && 1138 sz - mopts.malloc_guard < MALLOC_PAGESIZE - 1139 MALLOC_LEEWAY) { 1140 /* fill whole allocation */ 1141 if (mopts.malloc_junk == 2) 1142 memset(p, SOME_JUNK, psz - mopts.malloc_guard); 1143 /* shift towards the end */ 1144 p = ((char *)p) + ((MALLOC_PAGESIZE - MALLOC_LEEWAY - 1145 (sz - mopts.malloc_guard)) & ~(MALLOC_MINSIZE-1)); 1146 /* fill zeros if needed and overwritten above */ 1147 if (zero_fill && mopts.malloc_junk == 2) 1148 memset(p, 0, sz - mopts.malloc_guard); 1149 } else { 1150 if (mopts.malloc_junk == 2) { 1151 if (zero_fill) 1152 memset((char *)p + sz - mopts.malloc_guard, 1153 SOME_JUNK, psz - sz); 1154 else 1155 memset(p, SOME_JUNK, 1156 psz - mopts.malloc_guard); 1157 } 1158 } 1159 1160 } else { 1161 /* takes care of SOME_JUNK */ 1162 p = malloc_bytes(pool, sz, f); 1163 if (zero_fill && p != NULL && sz > 0) 1164 memset(p, 0, sz - mopts.malloc_canaries); 1165 } 1166 1167 return p; 1168 } 1169 1170 /* 1171 * Common function for handling recursion. Only 1172 * print the error message once, to avoid making the problem 1173 * potentially worse. 1174 */ 1175 static void 1176 malloc_recurse(struct dir_info *d) 1177 { 1178 static int noprint; 1179 1180 if (noprint == 0) { 1181 noprint = 1; 1182 wrterror(d, "recursive call", NULL); 1183 } 1184 d->active--; 1185 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1186 errno = EDEADLK; 1187 } 1188 1189 static int 1190 malloc_init(void) 1191 { 1192 if (omalloc_init(&mopts.malloc_pool)) { 1193 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1194 if (mopts.malloc_xmalloc) 1195 wrterror(NULL, "out of memory", NULL); 1196 errno = ENOMEM; 1197 return -1; 1198 } 1199 return 0; 1200 } 1201 1202 void * 1203 malloc(size_t size) 1204 { 1205 void *r; 1206 struct dir_info *d; 1207 int saved_errno = errno; 1208 1209 _MALLOC_LOCK(); 1210 d = getpool(); 1211 if (d == NULL) { 1212 if (malloc_init() != 0) 1213 return NULL; 1214 d = getpool(); 1215 } 1216 d->func = "malloc():"; 1217 1218 if (d->active++) { 1219 malloc_recurse(d); 1220 return NULL; 1221 } 1222 if (size > 0 && size <= MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) 1223 size += mopts.malloc_canaries; 1224 r = omalloc(d, size, 0, CALLER); 1225 d->active--; 1226 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1227 if (r == NULL && mopts.malloc_xmalloc) { 1228 wrterror(d, "out of memory", NULL); 1229 errno = ENOMEM; 1230 } 1231 if (r != NULL) 1232 errno = saved_errno; 1233 return r; 1234 } 1235 /*DEF_STRONG(malloc);*/ 1236 1237 static void 1238 validate_junk(struct dir_info *pool, void *p) { 1239 struct region_info *r; 1240 size_t byte, sz; 1241 1242 if (p == NULL) 1243 return; 1244 r = find(pool, p); 1245 if (r == NULL) { 1246 wrterror(pool, "bogus pointer in validate_junk", p); 1247 return; 1248 } 1249 REALSIZE(sz, r); 1250 if (sz > 0 && sz <= MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) 1251 sz -= mopts.malloc_canaries; 1252 if (sz > 32) 1253 sz = 32; 1254 for (byte = 0; byte < sz; byte++) { 1255 if (((unsigned char *)p)[byte] != SOME_FREEJUNK) { 1256 wrterror(pool, "use after free", p); 1257 return; 1258 } 1259 } 1260 } 1261 1262 static void 1263 ofree(struct dir_info *pool, void *p) 1264 { 1265 struct region_info *r; 1266 size_t sz; 1267 1268 r = find(pool, p); 1269 if (r == NULL) { 1270 wrterror(pool, "bogus pointer (double free?)", p); 1271 return; 1272 } 1273 REALSIZE(sz, r); 1274 if (sz > MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) { 1275 if (sz - mopts.malloc_guard >= MALLOC_PAGESIZE - 1276 MALLOC_LEEWAY) { 1277 if (r->p != p) { 1278 wrterror(pool, "bogus pointer", p); 1279 return; 1280 } 1281 } else { 1282 #if notyetbecause_of_realloc 1283 /* shifted towards the end */ 1284 if (p != ((char *)r->p) + ((MALLOC_PAGESIZE - 1285 MALLOC_MINSIZE - sz - mopts.malloc_guard) & 1286 ~(MALLOC_MINSIZE-1))) { 1287 } 1288 #endif 1289 p = r->p; 1290 } 1291 if (mopts.malloc_guard) { 1292 if (sz < mopts.malloc_guard) 1293 wrterror(pool, "guard size", NULL); 1294 if (!mopts.malloc_freeunmap) { 1295 if (mprotect((char *)p + PAGEROUND(sz) - 1296 mopts.malloc_guard, mopts.malloc_guard, 1297 PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE)) 1298 wrterror(pool, "mprotect", NULL); 1299 } 1300 STATS_SUB(pool->malloc_guarded, mopts.malloc_guard); 1301 } 1302 if (mopts.malloc_junk && !mopts.malloc_freeunmap) { 1303 size_t amt = mopts.malloc_junk == 1 ? MALLOC_MAXCHUNK : 1304 PAGEROUND(sz) - mopts.malloc_guard; 1305 memset(p, SOME_FREEJUNK, amt); 1306 } 1307 unmap(pool, p, PAGEROUND(sz)); 1308 delete(pool, r); 1309 } else { 1310 void *tmp; 1311 int i; 1312 1313 if (mopts.malloc_junk && sz > 0) 1314 memset(p, SOME_FREEJUNK, sz - mopts.malloc_canaries); 1315 if (!mopts.malloc_freenow) { 1316 if (find_chunknum(pool, r, p) == -1) 1317 return; 1318 i = getrbyte(pool) & MALLOC_DELAYED_CHUNK_MASK; 1319 tmp = p; 1320 p = pool->delayed_chunks[i]; 1321 if (tmp == p) { 1322 wrterror(pool, "double free", p); 1323 return; 1324 } 1325 if (mopts.malloc_junk) 1326 validate_junk(pool, p); 1327 pool->delayed_chunks[i] = tmp; 1328 } 1329 if (p != NULL) { 1330 r = find(pool, p); 1331 if (r == NULL) { 1332 wrterror(pool, "bogus pointer (double free?)", p); 1333 return; 1334 } 1335 free_bytes(pool, r, p); 1336 } 1337 } 1338 } 1339 1340 void 1341 free(void *ptr) 1342 { 1343 struct dir_info *d; 1344 int saved_errno = errno; 1345 1346 /* This is legal. */ 1347 if (ptr == NULL) 1348 return; 1349 1350 _MALLOC_LOCK(); 1351 d = getpool(); 1352 if (d == NULL) { 1353 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1354 wrterror(d, "free() called before allocation", NULL); 1355 return; 1356 } 1357 d->func = "free():"; 1358 if (d->active++) { 1359 malloc_recurse(d); 1360 return; 1361 } 1362 ofree(d, ptr); 1363 d->active--; 1364 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1365 errno = saved_errno; 1366 } 1367 /*DEF_STRONG(free);*/ 1368 1369 1370 static void * 1371 orealloc(struct dir_info *pool, void *p, size_t newsz, void *f) 1372 { 1373 struct region_info *r; 1374 size_t oldsz, goldsz, gnewsz; 1375 void *q; 1376 1377 if (p == NULL) 1378 return omalloc(pool, newsz, 0, f); 1379 1380 r = find(pool, p); 1381 if (r == NULL) { 1382 wrterror(pool, "bogus pointer (double free?)", p); 1383 return NULL; 1384 } 1385 if (newsz >= SIZE_MAX - mopts.malloc_guard - MALLOC_PAGESIZE) { 1386 errno = ENOMEM; 1387 return NULL; 1388 } 1389 1390 REALSIZE(oldsz, r); 1391 goldsz = oldsz; 1392 if (oldsz > MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) { 1393 if (oldsz < mopts.malloc_guard) 1394 wrterror(pool, "guard size", NULL); 1395 oldsz -= mopts.malloc_guard; 1396 } 1397 1398 gnewsz = newsz; 1399 if (gnewsz > MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) 1400 gnewsz += mopts.malloc_guard; 1401 1402 if (newsz > MALLOC_MAXCHUNK && oldsz > MALLOC_MAXCHUNK && p == r->p && 1403 !mopts.malloc_realloc) { 1404 size_t roldsz = PAGEROUND(goldsz); 1405 size_t rnewsz = PAGEROUND(gnewsz); 1406 1407 if (rnewsz > roldsz) { 1408 if (!mopts.malloc_guard) { 1409 void *hint = (char *)p + roldsz; 1410 size_t needed = rnewsz - roldsz; 1411 1412 STATS_INC(pool->cheap_realloc_tries); 1413 q = map(pool, hint, needed, 0); 1414 if (q == hint) 1415 goto gotit; 1416 zapcacheregion(pool, hint, needed); 1417 q = MQUERY(hint, needed); 1418 if (q == hint) 1419 q = MMAPA(hint, needed); 1420 else 1421 q = MAP_FAILED; 1422 if (q == hint) { 1423 gotit: 1424 STATS_ADD(pool->malloc_used, needed); 1425 if (mopts.malloc_junk == 2) 1426 memset(q, SOME_JUNK, needed); 1427 r->size = newsz; 1428 STATS_SETF(r, f); 1429 STATS_INC(pool->cheap_reallocs); 1430 return p; 1431 } else if (q != MAP_FAILED) { 1432 if (munmap(q, needed)) 1433 wrterror(pool, "munmap", q); 1434 } 1435 } 1436 } else if (rnewsz < roldsz) { 1437 if (mopts.malloc_guard) { 1438 if (mprotect((char *)p + roldsz - 1439 mopts.malloc_guard, mopts.malloc_guard, 1440 PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE)) 1441 wrterror(pool, "mprotect", NULL); 1442 if (mprotect((char *)p + rnewsz - 1443 mopts.malloc_guard, mopts.malloc_guard, 1444 PROT_NONE)) 1445 wrterror(pool, "mprotect", NULL); 1446 } 1447 unmap(pool, (char *)p + rnewsz, roldsz - rnewsz); 1448 r->size = gnewsz; 1449 STATS_SETF(r, f); 1450 return p; 1451 } else { 1452 if (newsz > oldsz && mopts.malloc_junk == 2) 1453 memset((char *)p + newsz, SOME_JUNK, 1454 rnewsz - mopts.malloc_guard - newsz); 1455 r->size = gnewsz; 1456 STATS_SETF(r, f); 1457 return p; 1458 } 1459 } 1460 if (newsz <= oldsz && newsz > oldsz / 2 && !mopts.malloc_realloc) { 1461 if (mopts.malloc_junk == 2 && newsz > 0) { 1462 size_t usable_oldsz = oldsz; 1463 if (oldsz <= MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) 1464 usable_oldsz -= mopts.malloc_canaries; 1465 if (newsz < usable_oldsz) 1466 memset((char *)p + newsz, SOME_JUNK, usable_oldsz - newsz); 1467 } 1468 STATS_SETF(r, f); 1469 return p; 1470 } else if (newsz != oldsz || mopts.malloc_realloc) { 1471 q = omalloc(pool, newsz, 0, f); 1472 if (q == NULL) 1473 return NULL; 1474 if (newsz != 0 && oldsz != 0) { 1475 size_t copysz = oldsz < newsz ? oldsz : newsz; 1476 if (copysz <= MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) 1477 copysz -= mopts.malloc_canaries; 1478 memcpy(q, p, copysz); 1479 } 1480 ofree(pool, p); 1481 return q; 1482 } else { 1483 STATS_SETF(r, f); 1484 return p; 1485 } 1486 } 1487 1488 void * 1489 realloc(void *ptr, size_t size) 1490 { 1491 struct dir_info *d; 1492 void *r; 1493 int saved_errno = errno; 1494 1495 _MALLOC_LOCK(); 1496 d = getpool(); 1497 if (d == NULL) { 1498 if (malloc_init() != 0) 1499 return NULL; 1500 d = getpool(); 1501 } 1502 d->func = "realloc():"; 1503 if (d->active++) { 1504 malloc_recurse(d); 1505 return NULL; 1506 } 1507 if (size > 0 && size <= MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) 1508 size += mopts.malloc_canaries; 1509 r = orealloc(d, ptr, size, CALLER); 1510 1511 d->active--; 1512 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1513 if (r == NULL && mopts.malloc_xmalloc) { 1514 wrterror(d, "out of memory", NULL); 1515 errno = ENOMEM; 1516 } 1517 if (r != NULL) 1518 errno = saved_errno; 1519 return r; 1520 } 1521 /*DEF_STRONG(realloc);*/ 1522 1523 1524 /* 1525 * This is sqrt(SIZE_MAX+1), as s1*s2 <= SIZE_MAX 1526 * if both s1 < MUL_NO_OVERFLOW and s2 < MUL_NO_OVERFLOW 1527 */ 1528 #define MUL_NO_OVERFLOW (1UL << (sizeof(size_t) * 4)) 1529 1530 void * 1531 calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size) 1532 { 1533 struct dir_info *d; 1534 void *r; 1535 int saved_errno = errno; 1536 1537 _MALLOC_LOCK(); 1538 d = getpool(); 1539 if (d == NULL) { 1540 if (malloc_init() != 0) 1541 return NULL; 1542 d = getpool(); 1543 } 1544 d->func = "calloc():"; 1545 if ((nmemb >= MUL_NO_OVERFLOW || size >= MUL_NO_OVERFLOW) && 1546 nmemb > 0 && SIZE_MAX / nmemb < size) { 1547 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1548 if (mopts.malloc_xmalloc) 1549 wrterror(d, "out of memory", NULL); 1550 errno = ENOMEM; 1551 return NULL; 1552 } 1553 1554 if (d->active++) { 1555 malloc_recurse(d); 1556 return NULL; 1557 } 1558 1559 size *= nmemb; 1560 if (size > 0 && size <= MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) 1561 size += mopts.malloc_canaries; 1562 r = omalloc(d, size, 1, CALLER); 1563 1564 d->active--; 1565 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1566 if (r == NULL && mopts.malloc_xmalloc) { 1567 wrterror(d, "out of memory", NULL); 1568 errno = ENOMEM; 1569 } 1570 if (r != NULL) 1571 errno = saved_errno; 1572 return r; 1573 } 1574 /*DEF_STRONG(calloc);*/ 1575 1576 static void * 1577 mapalign(struct dir_info *d, size_t alignment, size_t sz, int zero_fill) 1578 { 1579 char *p, *q; 1580 1581 if (alignment < MALLOC_PAGESIZE || ((alignment - 1) & alignment) != 0) { 1582 wrterror(d, "mapalign bad alignment", NULL); 1583 return MAP_FAILED; 1584 } 1585 if (sz != PAGEROUND(sz)) { 1586 wrterror(d, "mapalign round", NULL); 1587 return MAP_FAILED; 1588 } 1589 1590 /* Allocate sz + alignment bytes of memory, which must include a 1591 * subrange of size bytes that is properly aligned. Unmap the 1592 * other bytes, and then return that subrange. 1593 */ 1594 1595 /* We need sz + alignment to fit into a size_t. */ 1596 if (alignment > SIZE_MAX - sz) 1597 return MAP_FAILED; 1598 1599 p = map(d, NULL, sz + alignment, zero_fill); 1600 if (p == MAP_FAILED) 1601 return MAP_FAILED; 1602 q = (char *)(((uintptr_t)p + alignment - 1) & ~(alignment - 1)); 1603 if (q != p) { 1604 if (munmap(p, q - p)) 1605 wrterror(d, "munmap", p); 1606 } 1607 if (munmap(q + sz, alignment - (q - p))) 1608 wrterror(d, "munmap", q + sz); 1609 STATS_SUB(d->malloc_used, alignment); 1610 1611 return q; 1612 } 1613 1614 static void * 1615 omemalign(struct dir_info *pool, size_t alignment, size_t sz, int zero_fill, void *f) 1616 { 1617 size_t psz; 1618 void *p; 1619 1620 if (alignment <= MALLOC_PAGESIZE) { 1621 /* 1622 * max(size, alignment) is enough to assure the requested alignment, 1623 * since the allocator always allocates power-of-two blocks. 1624 */ 1625 if (sz < alignment) 1626 sz = alignment; 1627 return omalloc(pool, sz, zero_fill, f); 1628 } 1629 1630 if (sz >= SIZE_MAX - mopts.malloc_guard - MALLOC_PAGESIZE) { 1631 errno = ENOMEM; 1632 return NULL; 1633 } 1634 1635 sz += mopts.malloc_guard; 1636 psz = PAGEROUND(sz); 1637 1638 p = mapalign(pool, alignment, psz, zero_fill); 1639 if (p == NULL) { 1640 errno = ENOMEM; 1641 return NULL; 1642 } 1643 1644 if (insert(pool, p, sz, f)) { 1645 unmap(pool, p, psz); 1646 errno = ENOMEM; 1647 return NULL; 1648 } 1649 1650 if (mopts.malloc_guard) { 1651 if (mprotect((char *)p + psz - mopts.malloc_guard, 1652 mopts.malloc_guard, PROT_NONE)) 1653 wrterror(pool, "mprotect", NULL); 1654 STATS_ADD(pool->malloc_guarded, mopts.malloc_guard); 1655 } 1656 1657 if (mopts.malloc_junk == 2) { 1658 if (zero_fill) 1659 memset((char *)p + sz - mopts.malloc_guard, 1660 SOME_JUNK, psz - sz); 1661 else 1662 memset(p, SOME_JUNK, psz - mopts.malloc_guard); 1663 } 1664 1665 return p; 1666 } 1667 1668 int 1669 posix_memalign(void **memptr, size_t alignment, size_t size) 1670 { 1671 struct dir_info *d; 1672 int res, saved_errno = errno; 1673 void *r; 1674 1675 /* Make sure that alignment is a large enough power of 2. */ 1676 if (((alignment - 1) & alignment) != 0 || alignment < sizeof(void *)) 1677 return EINVAL; 1678 1679 _MALLOC_LOCK(); 1680 d = getpool(); 1681 if (d == NULL) { 1682 if (malloc_init() != 0) 1683 goto err; 1684 d = getpool(); 1685 } 1686 d->func = "posix_memalign():"; 1687 if (d->active++) { 1688 malloc_recurse(d); 1689 goto err; 1690 } 1691 if (size > 0 && size <= MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) 1692 size += mopts.malloc_canaries; 1693 r = omemalign(d, alignment, size, 0, CALLER); 1694 d->active--; 1695 _MALLOC_UNLOCK(); 1696 if (r == NULL) { 1697 if (mopts.malloc_xmalloc) { 1698 wrterror(d, "out of memory", NULL); 1699 errno = ENOMEM; 1700 } 1701 goto err; 1702 } 1703 errno = saved_errno; 1704 *memptr = r; 1705 return 0; 1706 1707 err: 1708 res = errno; 1709 errno = saved_errno; 1710 return res; 1711 } 1712 /*DEF_STRONG(posix_memalign);*/ 1713 1714 #ifdef MALLOC_STATS 1715 1716 struct malloc_leak { 1717 void (*f)(); 1718 size_t total_size; 1719 int count; 1720 }; 1721 1722 struct leaknode { 1723 RB_ENTRY(leaknode) entry; 1724 struct malloc_leak d; 1725 }; 1726 1727 static int 1728 leakcmp(struct leaknode *e1, struct leaknode *e2) 1729 { 1730 return e1->d.f < e2->d.f ? -1 : e1->d.f > e2->d.f; 1731 } 1732 1733 static RB_HEAD(leaktree, leaknode) leakhead; 1734 RB_GENERATE_STATIC(leaktree, leaknode, entry, leakcmp) 1735 1736 static void 1737 putleakinfo(void *f, size_t sz, int cnt) 1738 { 1739 struct leaknode key, *p; 1740 static struct leaknode *page; 1741 static int used; 1742 1743 if (cnt == 0) 1744 return; 1745 1746 key.d.f = f; 1747 p = RB_FIND(leaktree, &leakhead, &key); 1748 if (p == NULL) { 1749 if (page == NULL || 1750 used >= MALLOC_PAGESIZE / sizeof(struct leaknode)) { 1751 page = MMAP(MALLOC_PAGESIZE); 1752 if (page == MAP_FAILED) 1753 return; 1754 used = 0; 1755 } 1756 p = &page[used++]; 1757 p->d.f = f; 1758 p->d.total_size = sz * cnt; 1759 p->d.count = cnt; 1760 RB_INSERT(leaktree, &leakhead, p); 1761 } else { 1762 p->d.total_size += sz * cnt; 1763 p->d.count += cnt; 1764 } 1765 } 1766 1767 static struct malloc_leak *malloc_leaks; 1768 1769 static void 1770 writestr(int fd, const char *p) 1771 { 1772 write(fd, p, strlen(p)); 1773 } 1774 1775 static void 1776 dump_leaks(int fd) 1777 { 1778 struct leaknode *p; 1779 char buf[64]; 1780 int i = 0; 1781 1782 writestr(fd, "Leak report\n"); 1783 writestr(fd, " f sum # avg\n"); 1784 /* XXX only one page of summary */ 1785 if (malloc_leaks == NULL) 1786 malloc_leaks = MMAP(MALLOC_PAGESIZE); 1787 if (malloc_leaks != MAP_FAILED) 1788 memset(malloc_leaks, 0, MALLOC_PAGESIZE); 1789 RB_FOREACH(p, leaktree, &leakhead) { 1790 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%18p %7zu %6u %6zu\n", p->d.f, 1791 p->d.total_size, p->d.count, p->d.total_size / p->d.count); 1792 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1793 if (malloc_leaks == MAP_FAILED || 1794 i >= MALLOC_PAGESIZE / sizeof(struct malloc_leak)) 1795 continue; 1796 malloc_leaks[i].f = p->d.f; 1797 malloc_leaks[i].total_size = p->d.total_size; 1798 malloc_leaks[i].count = p->d.count; 1799 i++; 1800 } 1801 } 1802 1803 static void 1804 dump_chunk(int fd, struct chunk_info *p, void *f, int fromfreelist) 1805 { 1806 char buf[64]; 1807 1808 while (p != NULL) { 1809 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "chunk %18p %18p %4d %d/%d\n", 1810 p->page, ((p->bits[0] & 1) ? NULL : f), 1811 p->size, p->free, p->total); 1812 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1813 if (!fromfreelist) { 1814 if (p->bits[0] & 1) 1815 putleakinfo(NULL, p->size, p->total - p->free); 1816 else { 1817 putleakinfo(f, p->size, 1); 1818 putleakinfo(NULL, p->size, 1819 p->total - p->free - 1); 1820 } 1821 break; 1822 } 1823 p = LIST_NEXT(p, entries); 1824 if (p != NULL) 1825 writestr(fd, " "); 1826 } 1827 } 1828 1829 static void 1830 dump_free_chunk_info(int fd, struct dir_info *d) 1831 { 1832 char buf[64]; 1833 int i, j, count; 1834 struct chunk_info *p; 1835 1836 writestr(fd, "Free chunk structs:\n"); 1837 for (i = 0; i <= MALLOC_MAXSHIFT; i++) { 1838 count = 0; 1839 LIST_FOREACH(p, &d->chunk_info_list[i], entries) 1840 count++; 1841 for (j = 0; j < MALLOC_CHUNK_LISTS; j++) { 1842 p = LIST_FIRST(&d->chunk_dir[i][j]); 1843 if (p == NULL && count == 0) 1844 continue; 1845 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%2d) %3d ", i, count); 1846 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1847 if (p != NULL) 1848 dump_chunk(fd, p, NULL, 1); 1849 else 1850 write(fd, "\n", 1); 1851 } 1852 } 1853 1854 } 1855 1856 static void 1857 dump_free_page_info(int fd, struct dir_info *d) 1858 { 1859 char buf[64]; 1860 int i; 1861 1862 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Free pages cached: %zu\n", 1863 d->free_regions_size); 1864 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1865 for (i = 0; i < mopts.malloc_cache; i++) { 1866 if (d->free_regions[i].p != NULL) { 1867 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%2d) ", i); 1868 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1869 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "free at %p: %zu\n", 1870 d->free_regions[i].p, d->free_regions[i].size); 1871 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1872 } 1873 } 1874 } 1875 1876 static void 1877 malloc_dump1(int fd, struct dir_info *d) 1878 { 1879 char buf[100]; 1880 size_t i, realsize; 1881 1882 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Malloc dir of %s at %p\n", __progname, d); 1883 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1884 if (d == NULL) 1885 return; 1886 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Region slots free %zu/%zu\n", 1887 d->regions_free, d->regions_total); 1888 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1889 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Finds %zu/%zu\n", d->finds, 1890 d->find_collisions); 1891 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1892 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Inserts %zu/%zu\n", d->inserts, 1893 d->insert_collisions); 1894 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1895 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Deletes %zu/%zu\n", d->deletes, 1896 d->delete_moves); 1897 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1898 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Cheap reallocs %zu/%zu\n", 1899 d->cheap_reallocs, d->cheap_realloc_tries); 1900 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1901 dump_free_chunk_info(fd, d); 1902 dump_free_page_info(fd, d); 1903 writestr(fd, 1904 "slot) hash d type page f size [free/n]\n"); 1905 for (i = 0; i < d->regions_total; i++) { 1906 if (d->r[i].p != NULL) { 1907 size_t h = hash(d->r[i].p) & 1908 (d->regions_total - 1); 1909 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%4zx) #%4zx %zd ", 1910 i, h, h - i); 1911 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1912 REALSIZE(realsize, &d->r[i]); 1913 if (realsize > MALLOC_MAXCHUNK) { 1914 putleakinfo(d->r[i].f, realsize, 1); 1915 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), 1916 "pages %12p %12p %zu\n", d->r[i].p, 1917 d->r[i].f, realsize); 1918 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1919 } else 1920 dump_chunk(fd, 1921 (struct chunk_info *)d->r[i].size, 1922 d->r[i].f, 0); 1923 } 1924 } 1925 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "In use %zu\n", d->malloc_used); 1926 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1927 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Guarded %zu\n", d->malloc_guarded); 1928 write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)); 1929 dump_leaks(fd); 1930 write(fd, "\n", 1); 1931 } 1932 1933 void 1934 malloc_dump(int fd) 1935 { 1936 struct dir_info *pool = getpool(); 1937 int i; 1938 void *p; 1939 struct region_info *r; 1940 int saved_errno = errno; 1941 1942 if (pool == NULL) 1943 return; 1944 for (i = 0; i < MALLOC_DELAYED_CHUNK_MASK + 1; i++) { 1945 p = pool->delayed_chunks[i]; 1946 if (p == NULL) 1947 continue; 1948 r = find(pool, p); 1949 if (r == NULL) { 1950 wrterror(pool, "bogus pointer in malloc_dump", p); 1951 continue; 1952 } 1953 free_bytes(pool, r, p); 1954 pool->delayed_chunks[i] = NULL; 1955 } 1956 /* XXX leak when run multiple times */ 1957 RB_INIT(&leakhead); 1958 malloc_dump1(fd, pool); 1959 errno = saved_errno; 1960 } 1961 DEF_WEAK(malloc_dump); 1962 1963 static void 1964 malloc_exit(void) 1965 { 1966 static const char q[] = "malloc() warning: Couldn't dump stats\n"; 1967 int save_errno = errno, fd; 1968 1969 fd = open("malloc.out", O_RDWR|O_APPEND); 1970 if (fd != -1) { 1971 malloc_dump(fd); 1972 close(fd); 1973 } else 1974 write(STDERR_FILENO, q, sizeof(q) - 1); 1975 errno = save_errno; 1976 } 1977 1978 #endif /* MALLOC_STATS */ 1979