xref: /openbsd-src/lib/libc/regex/regcomp.c (revision ce7e0fc6a9d74d25b78fb6ad846387717f5172b6)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994 Henry Spencer.
3  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994
4  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
7  * Henry Spencer.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
19  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
20  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
21  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
22  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
23  *    without specific prior written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
28  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
29  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
30  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
31  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
32  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
33  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
34  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35  * SUCH DAMAGE.
36  *
37  *	@(#)regcomp.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 3/20/94
38  */
39 
40 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
41 #if 0
42 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)regcomp.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 3/20/94";
43 #else
44 static char rcsid[] = "$OpenBSD: regcomp.c,v 1.8 2002/02/16 21:27:24 millert Exp $";
45 #endif
46 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
47 
48 #include <sys/types.h>
49 #include <stdio.h>
50 #include <string.h>
51 #include <ctype.h>
52 #include <limits.h>
53 #include <stdlib.h>
54 #include <regex.h>
55 
56 #include "utils.h"
57 #include "regex2.h"
58 
59 #include "cclass.h"
60 #include "cname.h"
61 
62 /*
63  * parse structure, passed up and down to avoid global variables and
64  * other clumsinesses
65  */
66 struct parse {
67 	char *next;		/* next character in RE */
68 	char *end;		/* end of string (-> NUL normally) */
69 	int error;		/* has an error been seen? */
70 	sop *strip;		/* malloced strip */
71 	sopno ssize;		/* malloced strip size (allocated) */
72 	sopno slen;		/* malloced strip length (used) */
73 	int ncsalloc;		/* number of csets allocated */
74 	struct re_guts *g;
75 #	define	NPAREN	10	/* we need to remember () 1-9 for back refs */
76 	sopno pbegin[NPAREN];	/* -> ( ([0] unused) */
77 	sopno pend[NPAREN];	/* -> ) ([0] unused) */
78 };
79 
80 /* ========= begin header generated by ./mkh ========= */
81 #ifdef __cplusplus
82 extern "C" {
83 #endif
84 
85 /* === regcomp.c === */
86 static void p_ere(struct parse *p, int stop);
87 static void p_ere_exp(struct parse *p);
88 static void p_str(struct parse *p);
89 static void p_bre(struct parse *p, int end1, int end2);
90 static int p_simp_re(struct parse *p, int starordinary);
91 static int p_count(struct parse *p);
92 static void p_bracket(struct parse *p);
93 static void p_b_term(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
94 static void p_b_cclass(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
95 static void p_b_eclass(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
96 static char p_b_symbol(struct parse *p);
97 static char p_b_coll_elem(struct parse *p, int endc);
98 static char othercase(int ch);
99 static void bothcases(struct parse *p, int ch);
100 static void ordinary(struct parse *p, int ch);
101 static void nonnewline(struct parse *p);
102 static void repeat(struct parse *p, sopno start, int from, int to);
103 static int seterr(struct parse *p, int e);
104 static cset *allocset(struct parse *p);
105 static void freeset(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
106 static int freezeset(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
107 static int firstch(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
108 static int nch(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
109 static void mcadd(struct parse *p, cset *cs, char *cp);
110 static void mcinvert(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
111 static void mccase(struct parse *p, cset *cs);
112 static int isinsets(struct re_guts *g, int c);
113 static int samesets(struct re_guts *g, int c1, int c2);
114 static void categorize(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g);
115 static sopno dupl(struct parse *p, sopno start, sopno finish);
116 static void doemit(struct parse *p, sop op, size_t opnd);
117 static void doinsert(struct parse *p, sop op, size_t opnd, sopno pos);
118 static void dofwd(struct parse *p, sopno pos, sop value);
119 static void enlarge(struct parse *p, sopno size);
120 static void stripsnug(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g);
121 static void findmust(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g);
122 static sopno pluscount(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g);
123 
124 #ifdef __cplusplus
125 }
126 #endif
127 /* ========= end header generated by ./mkh ========= */
128 
129 static char nuls[10];		/* place to point scanner in event of error */
130 
131 /*
132  * macros for use with parse structure
133  * BEWARE:  these know that the parse structure is named `p' !!!
134  */
135 #define	PEEK()	(*p->next)
136 #define	PEEK2()	(*(p->next+1))
137 #define	MORE()	(p->next < p->end)
138 #define	MORE2()	(p->next+1 < p->end)
139 #define	SEE(c)	(MORE() && PEEK() == (c))
140 #define	SEETWO(a, b)	(MORE() && MORE2() && PEEK() == (a) && PEEK2() == (b))
141 #define	EAT(c)	((SEE(c)) ? (NEXT(), 1) : 0)
142 #define	EATTWO(a, b)	((SEETWO(a, b)) ? (NEXT2(), 1) : 0)
143 #define	NEXT()	(p->next++)
144 #define	NEXT2()	(p->next += 2)
145 #define	NEXTn(n)	(p->next += (n))
146 #define	GETNEXT()	(*p->next++)
147 #define	SETERROR(e)	seterr(p, (e))
148 #define	REQUIRE(co, e)	((co) || SETERROR(e))
149 #define	MUSTSEE(c, e)	(REQUIRE(MORE() && PEEK() == (c), e))
150 #define	MUSTEAT(c, e)	(REQUIRE(MORE() && GETNEXT() == (c), e))
151 #define	MUSTNOTSEE(c, e)	(REQUIRE(!MORE() || PEEK() != (c), e))
152 #define	EMIT(op, sopnd)	doemit(p, (sop)(op), (size_t)(sopnd))
153 #define	INSERT(op, pos)	doinsert(p, (sop)(op), HERE()-(pos)+1, pos)
154 #define	AHEAD(pos)		dofwd(p, pos, HERE()-(pos))
155 #define	ASTERN(sop, pos)	EMIT(sop, HERE()-pos)
156 #define	HERE()		(p->slen)
157 #define	THERE()		(p->slen - 1)
158 #define	THERETHERE()	(p->slen - 2)
159 #define	DROP(n)	(p->slen -= (n))
160 
161 #ifndef NDEBUG
162 static int never = 0;		/* for use in asserts; shuts lint up */
163 #else
164 #define	never	0		/* some <assert.h>s have bugs too */
165 #endif
166 
167 /*
168  - regcomp - interface for parser and compilation
169  = extern int regcomp(regex_t *, const char *, int);
170  = #define	REG_BASIC	0000
171  = #define	REG_EXTENDED	0001
172  = #define	REG_ICASE	0002
173  = #define	REG_NOSUB	0004
174  = #define	REG_NEWLINE	0010
175  = #define	REG_NOSPEC	0020
176  = #define	REG_PEND	0040
177  = #define	REG_DUMP	0200
178  */
179 int				/* 0 success, otherwise REG_something */
180 regcomp(preg, pattern, cflags)
181 regex_t *preg;
182 const char *pattern;
183 int cflags;
184 {
185 	struct parse pa;
186 	register struct re_guts *g;
187 	register struct parse *p = &pa;
188 	register int i;
189 	register size_t len;
190 #ifdef REDEBUG
191 #	define	GOODFLAGS(f)	(f)
192 #else
193 #	define	GOODFLAGS(f)	((f)&~REG_DUMP)
194 #endif
195 
196 	cflags = GOODFLAGS(cflags);
197 	if ((cflags&REG_EXTENDED) && (cflags&REG_NOSPEC))
198 		return(REG_INVARG);
199 
200 	if (cflags&REG_PEND) {
201 		if (preg->re_endp < pattern)
202 			return(REG_INVARG);
203 		len = preg->re_endp - pattern;
204 	} else
205 		len = strlen((char *)pattern);
206 
207 	/* do the mallocs early so failure handling is easy */
208 	g = (struct re_guts *)malloc(sizeof(struct re_guts) +
209 							(NC-1)*sizeof(cat_t));
210 	if (g == NULL)
211 		return(REG_ESPACE);
212 	p->ssize = len/(size_t)2*(size_t)3 + (size_t)1;	/* ugh */
213 	p->strip = (sop *)malloc(p->ssize * sizeof(sop));
214 	p->slen = 0;
215 	if (p->strip == NULL) {
216 		free((char *)g);
217 		return(REG_ESPACE);
218 	}
219 
220 	/* set things up */
221 	p->g = g;
222 	p->next = (char *)pattern;	/* convenience; we do not modify it */
223 	p->end = p->next + len;
224 	p->error = 0;
225 	p->ncsalloc = 0;
226 	for (i = 0; i < NPAREN; i++) {
227 		p->pbegin[i] = 0;
228 		p->pend[i] = 0;
229 	}
230 	g->csetsize = NC;
231 	g->sets = NULL;
232 	g->setbits = NULL;
233 	g->ncsets = 0;
234 	g->cflags = cflags;
235 	g->iflags = 0;
236 	g->nbol = 0;
237 	g->neol = 0;
238 	g->must = NULL;
239 	g->mlen = 0;
240 	g->nsub = 0;
241 	g->ncategories = 1;	/* category 0 is "everything else" */
242 	g->categories = &g->catspace[-(CHAR_MIN)];
243 	(void) memset((char *)g->catspace, 0, NC*sizeof(cat_t));
244 	g->backrefs = 0;
245 
246 	/* do it */
247 	EMIT(OEND, 0);
248 	g->firststate = THERE();
249 	if (cflags&REG_EXTENDED)
250 		p_ere(p, OUT);
251 	else if (cflags&REG_NOSPEC)
252 		p_str(p);
253 	else
254 		p_bre(p, OUT, OUT);
255 	EMIT(OEND, 0);
256 	g->laststate = THERE();
257 
258 	/* tidy up loose ends and fill things in */
259 	categorize(p, g);
260 	stripsnug(p, g);
261 	findmust(p, g);
262 	g->nplus = pluscount(p, g);
263 	g->magic = MAGIC2;
264 	preg->re_nsub = g->nsub;
265 	preg->re_g = g;
266 	preg->re_magic = MAGIC1;
267 #ifndef REDEBUG
268 	/* not debugging, so can't rely on the assert() in regexec() */
269 	if (g->iflags&BAD)
270 		SETERROR(REG_ASSERT);
271 #endif
272 
273 	/* win or lose, we're done */
274 	if (p->error != 0)	/* lose */
275 		regfree(preg);
276 	return(p->error);
277 }
278 
279 /*
280  - p_ere - ERE parser top level, concatenation and alternation
281  == static void p_ere(register struct parse *p, int stop);
282  */
283 static void
284 p_ere(p, stop)
285 register struct parse *p;
286 int stop;			/* character this ERE should end at */
287 {
288 	register char c;
289 	register sopno prevback;
290 	register sopno prevfwd;
291 	register sopno conc;
292 	register int first = 1;		/* is this the first alternative? */
293 
294 	for (;;) {
295 		/* do a bunch of concatenated expressions */
296 		conc = HERE();
297 		while (MORE() && (c = PEEK()) != '|' && c != stop)
298 			p_ere_exp(p);
299 		REQUIRE(HERE() != conc, REG_EMPTY);	/* require nonempty */
300 
301 		if (!EAT('|'))
302 			break;		/* NOTE BREAK OUT */
303 
304 		if (first) {
305 			INSERT(OCH_, conc);	/* offset is wrong */
306 			prevfwd = conc;
307 			prevback = conc;
308 			first = 0;
309 		}
310 		ASTERN(OOR1, prevback);
311 		prevback = THERE();
312 		AHEAD(prevfwd);			/* fix previous offset */
313 		prevfwd = HERE();
314 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset is very wrong */
315 	}
316 
317 	if (!first) {		/* tail-end fixups */
318 		AHEAD(prevfwd);
319 		ASTERN(O_CH, prevback);
320 	}
321 
322 	assert(!MORE() || SEE(stop));
323 }
324 
325 /*
326  - p_ere_exp - parse one subERE, an atom possibly followed by a repetition op
327  == static void p_ere_exp(register struct parse *p);
328  */
329 static void
330 p_ere_exp(p)
331 register struct parse *p;
332 {
333 	register char c;
334 	register sopno pos;
335 	register int count;
336 	register int count2;
337 	register sopno subno;
338 	int wascaret = 0;
339 
340 	assert(MORE());		/* caller should have ensured this */
341 	c = GETNEXT();
342 
343 	pos = HERE();
344 	switch (c) {
345 	case '(':
346 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EPAREN);
347 		p->g->nsub++;
348 		subno = p->g->nsub;
349 		if (subno < NPAREN)
350 			p->pbegin[subno] = HERE();
351 		EMIT(OLPAREN, subno);
352 		if (!SEE(')'))
353 			p_ere(p, ')');
354 		if (subno < NPAREN) {
355 			p->pend[subno] = HERE();
356 			assert(p->pend[subno] != 0);
357 		}
358 		EMIT(ORPAREN, subno);
359 		MUSTEAT(')', REG_EPAREN);
360 		break;
361 #ifndef POSIX_MISTAKE
362 	case ')':		/* happens only if no current unmatched ( */
363 		/*
364 		 * You may ask, why the ifndef?  Because I didn't notice
365 		 * this until slightly too late for 1003.2, and none of the
366 		 * other 1003.2 regular-expression reviewers noticed it at
367 		 * all.  So an unmatched ) is legal POSIX, at least until
368 		 * we can get it fixed.
369 		 */
370 		SETERROR(REG_EPAREN);
371 		break;
372 #endif
373 	case '^':
374 		EMIT(OBOL, 0);
375 		p->g->iflags |= USEBOL;
376 		p->g->nbol++;
377 		wascaret = 1;
378 		break;
379 	case '$':
380 		EMIT(OEOL, 0);
381 		p->g->iflags |= USEEOL;
382 		p->g->neol++;
383 		break;
384 	case '|':
385 		SETERROR(REG_EMPTY);
386 		break;
387 	case '*':
388 	case '+':
389 	case '?':
390 		SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
391 		break;
392 	case '.':
393 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
394 			nonnewline(p);
395 		else
396 			EMIT(OANY, 0);
397 		break;
398 	case '[':
399 		p_bracket(p);
400 		break;
401 	case '\\':
402 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EESCAPE);
403 		c = GETNEXT();
404 		ordinary(p, c);
405 		break;
406 	case '{':		/* okay as ordinary except if digit follows */
407 		REQUIRE(!MORE() || !isdigit(PEEK()), REG_BADRPT);
408 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
409 	default:
410 		ordinary(p, c);
411 		break;
412 	}
413 
414 	if (!MORE())
415 		return;
416 	c = PEEK();
417 	/* we call { a repetition if followed by a digit */
418 	if (!( c == '*' || c == '+' || c == '?' ||
419 				(c == '{' && MORE2() && isdigit(PEEK2())) ))
420 		return;		/* no repetition, we're done */
421 	NEXT();
422 
423 	REQUIRE(!wascaret, REG_BADRPT);
424 	switch (c) {
425 	case '*':	/* implemented as +? */
426 		/* this case does not require the (y|) trick, noKLUDGE */
427 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
428 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
429 		INSERT(OQUEST_, pos);
430 		ASTERN(O_QUEST, pos);
431 		break;
432 	case '+':
433 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
434 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
435 		break;
436 	case '?':
437 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
438 		INSERT(OCH_, pos);		/* offset slightly wrong */
439 		ASTERN(OOR1, pos);		/* this one's right */
440 		AHEAD(pos);			/* fix the OCH_ */
441 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset very wrong... */
442 		AHEAD(THERE());			/* ...so fix it */
443 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
444 		break;
445 	case '{':
446 		count = p_count(p);
447 		if (EAT(',')) {
448 			if (isdigit(PEEK())) {
449 				count2 = p_count(p);
450 				REQUIRE(count <= count2, REG_BADBR);
451 			} else		/* single number with comma */
452 				count2 = INFINITY;
453 		} else		/* just a single number */
454 			count2 = count;
455 		repeat(p, pos, count, count2);
456 		if (!EAT('}')) {	/* error heuristics */
457 			while (MORE() && PEEK() != '}')
458 				NEXT();
459 			REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACE);
460 			SETERROR(REG_BADBR);
461 		}
462 		break;
463 	}
464 
465 	if (!MORE())
466 		return;
467 	c = PEEK();
468 	if (!( c == '*' || c == '+' || c == '?' ||
469 				(c == '{' && MORE2() && isdigit(PEEK2())) ) )
470 		return;
471 	SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
472 }
473 
474 /*
475  - p_str - string (no metacharacters) "parser"
476  == static void p_str(register struct parse *p);
477  */
478 static void
479 p_str(p)
480 register struct parse *p;
481 {
482 	REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EMPTY);
483 	while (MORE())
484 		ordinary(p, GETNEXT());
485 }
486 
487 /*
488  - p_bre - BRE parser top level, anchoring and concatenation
489  == static void p_bre(register struct parse *p, register int end1, \
490  ==	register int end2);
491  * Giving end1 as OUT essentially eliminates the end1/end2 check.
492  *
493  * This implementation is a bit of a kludge, in that a trailing $ is first
494  * taken as an ordinary character and then revised to be an anchor.  The
495  * only undesirable side effect is that '$' gets included as a character
496  * category in such cases.  This is fairly harmless; not worth fixing.
497  * The amount of lookahead needed to avoid this kludge is excessive.
498  */
499 static void
500 p_bre(p, end1, end2)
501 register struct parse *p;
502 register int end1;		/* first terminating character */
503 register int end2;		/* second terminating character */
504 {
505 	register sopno start = HERE();
506 	register int first = 1;			/* first subexpression? */
507 	register int wasdollar = 0;
508 
509 	if (EAT('^')) {
510 		EMIT(OBOL, 0);
511 		p->g->iflags |= USEBOL;
512 		p->g->nbol++;
513 	}
514 	while (MORE() && !SEETWO(end1, end2)) {
515 		wasdollar = p_simp_re(p, first);
516 		first = 0;
517 	}
518 	if (wasdollar) {	/* oops, that was a trailing anchor */
519 		DROP(1);
520 		EMIT(OEOL, 0);
521 		p->g->iflags |= USEEOL;
522 		p->g->neol++;
523 	}
524 
525 	REQUIRE(HERE() != start, REG_EMPTY);	/* require nonempty */
526 }
527 
528 /*
529  - p_simp_re - parse a simple RE, an atom possibly followed by a repetition
530  == static int p_simp_re(register struct parse *p, int starordinary);
531  */
532 static int			/* was the simple RE an unbackslashed $? */
533 p_simp_re(p, starordinary)
534 register struct parse *p;
535 int starordinary;		/* is a leading * an ordinary character? */
536 {
537 	register int c;
538 	register int count;
539 	register int count2;
540 	register sopno pos;
541 	register int i;
542 	register sopno subno;
543 #	define	BACKSL	(1<<CHAR_BIT)
544 
545 	pos = HERE();		/* repetion op, if any, covers from here */
546 
547 	assert(MORE());		/* caller should have ensured this */
548 	c = GETNEXT();
549 	if (c == '\\') {
550 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EESCAPE);
551 		c = BACKSL | (unsigned char)GETNEXT();
552 	}
553 	switch (c) {
554 	case '.':
555 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
556 			nonnewline(p);
557 		else
558 			EMIT(OANY, 0);
559 		break;
560 	case '[':
561 		p_bracket(p);
562 		break;
563 	case BACKSL|'{':
564 		SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
565 		break;
566 	case BACKSL|'(':
567 		p->g->nsub++;
568 		subno = p->g->nsub;
569 		if (subno < NPAREN)
570 			p->pbegin[subno] = HERE();
571 		EMIT(OLPAREN, subno);
572 		/* the MORE here is an error heuristic */
573 		if (MORE() && !SEETWO('\\', ')'))
574 			p_bre(p, '\\', ')');
575 		if (subno < NPAREN) {
576 			p->pend[subno] = HERE();
577 			assert(p->pend[subno] != 0);
578 		}
579 		EMIT(ORPAREN, subno);
580 		REQUIRE(EATTWO('\\', ')'), REG_EPAREN);
581 		break;
582 	case BACKSL|')':	/* should not get here -- must be user */
583 	case BACKSL|'}':
584 		SETERROR(REG_EPAREN);
585 		break;
586 	case BACKSL|'1':
587 	case BACKSL|'2':
588 	case BACKSL|'3':
589 	case BACKSL|'4':
590 	case BACKSL|'5':
591 	case BACKSL|'6':
592 	case BACKSL|'7':
593 	case BACKSL|'8':
594 	case BACKSL|'9':
595 		i = (c&~BACKSL) - '0';
596 		assert(i < NPAREN);
597 		if (p->pend[i] != 0) {
598 			assert(i <= p->g->nsub);
599 			EMIT(OBACK_, i);
600 			assert(p->pbegin[i] != 0);
601 			assert(OP(p->strip[p->pbegin[i]]) == OLPAREN);
602 			assert(OP(p->strip[p->pend[i]]) == ORPAREN);
603 			(void) dupl(p, p->pbegin[i]+1, p->pend[i]);
604 			EMIT(O_BACK, i);
605 		} else
606 			SETERROR(REG_ESUBREG);
607 		p->g->backrefs = 1;
608 		break;
609 	case '*':
610 		REQUIRE(starordinary, REG_BADRPT);
611 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
612 	default:
613 		ordinary(p, c &~ BACKSL);
614 		break;
615 	}
616 
617 	if (EAT('*')) {		/* implemented as +? */
618 		/* this case does not require the (y|) trick, noKLUDGE */
619 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
620 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
621 		INSERT(OQUEST_, pos);
622 		ASTERN(O_QUEST, pos);
623 	} else if (EATTWO('\\', '{')) {
624 		count = p_count(p);
625 		if (EAT(',')) {
626 			if (MORE() && isdigit(PEEK())) {
627 				count2 = p_count(p);
628 				REQUIRE(count <= count2, REG_BADBR);
629 			} else		/* single number with comma */
630 				count2 = INFINITY;
631 		} else		/* just a single number */
632 			count2 = count;
633 		repeat(p, pos, count, count2);
634 		if (!EATTWO('\\', '}')) {	/* error heuristics */
635 			while (MORE() && !SEETWO('\\', '}'))
636 				NEXT();
637 			REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACE);
638 			SETERROR(REG_BADBR);
639 		}
640 	} else if (c == (unsigned char)'$')	/* $ (but not \$) ends it */
641 		return(1);
642 
643 	return(0);
644 }
645 
646 /*
647  - p_count - parse a repetition count
648  == static int p_count(register struct parse *p);
649  */
650 static int			/* the value */
651 p_count(p)
652 register struct parse *p;
653 {
654 	register int count = 0;
655 	register int ndigits = 0;
656 
657 	while (MORE() && isdigit(PEEK()) && count <= DUPMAX) {
658 		count = count*10 + (GETNEXT() - '0');
659 		ndigits++;
660 	}
661 
662 	REQUIRE(ndigits > 0 && count <= DUPMAX, REG_BADBR);
663 	return(count);
664 }
665 
666 /*
667  - p_bracket - parse a bracketed character list
668  == static void p_bracket(register struct parse *p);
669  *
670  * Note a significant property of this code:  if the allocset() did SETERROR,
671  * no set operations are done.
672  */
673 static void
674 p_bracket(p)
675 register struct parse *p;
676 {
677 	register cset *cs = allocset(p);
678 	register int invert = 0;
679 
680 	/* Dept of Truly Sickening Special-Case Kludges */
681 	if (p->next + 5 < p->end && strncmp(p->next, "[:<:]]", 6) == 0) {
682 		EMIT(OBOW, 0);
683 		NEXTn(6);
684 		return;
685 	}
686 	if (p->next + 5 < p->end && strncmp(p->next, "[:>:]]", 6) == 0) {
687 		EMIT(OEOW, 0);
688 		NEXTn(6);
689 		return;
690 	}
691 
692 	if (EAT('^'))
693 		invert++;	/* make note to invert set at end */
694 	if (EAT(']'))
695 		CHadd(cs, ']');
696 	else if (EAT('-'))
697 		CHadd(cs, '-');
698 	while (MORE() && PEEK() != ']' && !SEETWO('-', ']'))
699 		p_b_term(p, cs);
700 	if (EAT('-'))
701 		CHadd(cs, '-');
702 	MUSTEAT(']', REG_EBRACK);
703 
704 	if (p->error != 0)	/* don't mess things up further */
705 		return;
706 
707 	if (p->g->cflags&REG_ICASE) {
708 		register int i;
709 		register int ci;
710 
711 		for (i = p->g->csetsize - 1; i >= 0; i--)
712 			if (CHIN(cs, i) && isalpha(i)) {
713 				ci = othercase(i);
714 				if (ci != i)
715 					CHadd(cs, ci);
716 			}
717 		if (cs->multis != NULL)
718 			mccase(p, cs);
719 	}
720 	if (invert) {
721 		register int i;
722 
723 		for (i = p->g->csetsize - 1; i >= 0; i--)
724 			if (CHIN(cs, i))
725 				CHsub(cs, i);
726 			else
727 				CHadd(cs, i);
728 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
729 			CHsub(cs, '\n');
730 		if (cs->multis != NULL)
731 			mcinvert(p, cs);
732 	}
733 
734 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);		/* xxx */
735 
736 	if (nch(p, cs) == 1) {		/* optimize singleton sets */
737 		ordinary(p, firstch(p, cs));
738 		freeset(p, cs);
739 	} else
740 		EMIT(OANYOF, freezeset(p, cs));
741 }
742 
743 /*
744  - p_b_term - parse one term of a bracketed character list
745  == static void p_b_term(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
746  */
747 static void
748 p_b_term(p, cs)
749 register struct parse *p;
750 register cset *cs;
751 {
752 	register char c;
753 	register char start, finish;
754 	register int i;
755 
756 	/* classify what we've got */
757 	switch ((MORE()) ? PEEK() : '\0') {
758 	case '[':
759 		c = (MORE2()) ? PEEK2() : '\0';
760 		break;
761 	case '-':
762 		SETERROR(REG_ERANGE);
763 		return;			/* NOTE RETURN */
764 		break;
765 	default:
766 		c = '\0';
767 		break;
768 	}
769 
770 	switch (c) {
771 	case ':':		/* character class */
772 		NEXT2();
773 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
774 		c = PEEK();
775 		REQUIRE(c != '-' && c != ']', REG_ECTYPE);
776 		p_b_cclass(p, cs);
777 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
778 		REQUIRE(EATTWO(':', ']'), REG_ECTYPE);
779 		break;
780 	case '=':		/* equivalence class */
781 		NEXT2();
782 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
783 		c = PEEK();
784 		REQUIRE(c != '-' && c != ']', REG_ECOLLATE);
785 		p_b_eclass(p, cs);
786 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
787 		REQUIRE(EATTWO('=', ']'), REG_ECOLLATE);
788 		break;
789 	default:		/* symbol, ordinary character, or range */
790 /* xxx revision needed for multichar stuff */
791 		start = p_b_symbol(p);
792 		if (SEE('-') && MORE2() && PEEK2() != ']') {
793 			/* range */
794 			NEXT();
795 			if (EAT('-'))
796 				finish = '-';
797 			else
798 				finish = p_b_symbol(p);
799 		} else
800 			finish = start;
801 /* xxx what about signed chars here... */
802 		REQUIRE(start <= finish, REG_ERANGE);
803 		for (i = start; i <= finish; i++)
804 			CHadd(cs, i);
805 		break;
806 	}
807 }
808 
809 /*
810  - p_b_cclass - parse a character-class name and deal with it
811  == static void p_b_cclass(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
812  */
813 static void
814 p_b_cclass(p, cs)
815 register struct parse *p;
816 register cset *cs;
817 {
818 	register char *sp = p->next;
819 	register struct cclass *cp;
820 	register size_t len;
821 	register char *u;
822 	register char c;
823 
824 	while (MORE() && isalpha(PEEK()))
825 		NEXT();
826 	len = p->next - sp;
827 	for (cp = cclasses; cp->name != NULL; cp++)
828 		if (strncmp(cp->name, sp, len) == 0 && cp->name[len] == '\0')
829 			break;
830 	if (cp->name == NULL) {
831 		/* oops, didn't find it */
832 		SETERROR(REG_ECTYPE);
833 		return;
834 	}
835 
836 	u = cp->chars;
837 	while ((c = *u++) != '\0')
838 		CHadd(cs, c);
839 	for (u = cp->multis; *u != '\0'; u += strlen(u) + 1)
840 		MCadd(p, cs, u);
841 }
842 
843 /*
844  - p_b_eclass - parse an equivalence-class name and deal with it
845  == static void p_b_eclass(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
846  *
847  * This implementation is incomplete. xxx
848  */
849 static void
850 p_b_eclass(p, cs)
851 register struct parse *p;
852 register cset *cs;
853 {
854 	register char c;
855 
856 	c = p_b_coll_elem(p, '=');
857 	CHadd(cs, c);
858 }
859 
860 /*
861  - p_b_symbol - parse a character or [..]ed multicharacter collating symbol
862  == static char p_b_symbol(register struct parse *p);
863  */
864 static char			/* value of symbol */
865 p_b_symbol(p)
866 register struct parse *p;
867 {
868 	register char value;
869 
870 	REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
871 	if (!EATTWO('[', '.'))
872 		return(GETNEXT());
873 
874 	/* collating symbol */
875 	value = p_b_coll_elem(p, '.');
876 	REQUIRE(EATTWO('.', ']'), REG_ECOLLATE);
877 	return(value);
878 }
879 
880 /*
881  - p_b_coll_elem - parse a collating-element name and look it up
882  == static char p_b_coll_elem(register struct parse *p, int endc);
883  */
884 static char			/* value of collating element */
885 p_b_coll_elem(p, endc)
886 register struct parse *p;
887 int endc;			/* name ended by endc,']' */
888 {
889 	register char *sp = p->next;
890 	register struct cname *cp;
891 	register int len;
892 
893 	while (MORE() && !SEETWO(endc, ']'))
894 		NEXT();
895 	if (!MORE()) {
896 		SETERROR(REG_EBRACK);
897 		return(0);
898 	}
899 	len = p->next - sp;
900 	for (cp = cnames; cp->name != NULL; cp++)
901 		if (strncmp(cp->name, sp, len) == 0 && cp->name[len] == '\0')
902 			return(cp->code);	/* known name */
903 	if (len == 1)
904 		return(*sp);	/* single character */
905 	SETERROR(REG_ECOLLATE);			/* neither */
906 	return(0);
907 }
908 
909 /*
910  - othercase - return the case counterpart of an alphabetic
911  == static char othercase(int ch);
912  */
913 static char			/* if no counterpart, return ch */
914 othercase(ch)
915 int ch;
916 {
917 	assert(isalpha(ch));
918 	if (isupper(ch))
919 		return(tolower(ch));
920 	else if (islower(ch))
921 		return(toupper(ch));
922 	else			/* peculiar, but could happen */
923 		return(ch);
924 }
925 
926 /*
927  - bothcases - emit a dualcase version of a two-case character
928  == static void bothcases(register struct parse *p, int ch);
929  *
930  * Boy, is this implementation ever a kludge...
931  */
932 static void
933 bothcases(p, ch)
934 register struct parse *p;
935 int ch;
936 {
937 	register char *oldnext = p->next;
938 	register char *oldend = p->end;
939 	char bracket[3];
940 
941 	assert(othercase(ch) != ch);	/* p_bracket() would recurse */
942 	p->next = bracket;
943 	p->end = bracket+2;
944 	bracket[0] = ch;
945 	bracket[1] = ']';
946 	bracket[2] = '\0';
947 	p_bracket(p);
948 	assert(p->next == bracket+2);
949 	p->next = oldnext;
950 	p->end = oldend;
951 }
952 
953 /*
954  - ordinary - emit an ordinary character
955  == static void ordinary(register struct parse *p, register int ch);
956  */
957 static void
958 ordinary(p, ch)
959 register struct parse *p;
960 register int ch;
961 {
962 	register cat_t *cap = p->g->categories;
963 
964 	if ((p->g->cflags&REG_ICASE) && isalpha(ch) && othercase(ch) != ch)
965 		bothcases(p, ch);
966 	else {
967 		EMIT(OCHAR, (unsigned char)ch);
968 		if (cap[ch] == 0)
969 			cap[ch] = p->g->ncategories++;
970 	}
971 }
972 
973 /*
974  - nonnewline - emit REG_NEWLINE version of OANY
975  == static void nonnewline(register struct parse *p);
976  *
977  * Boy, is this implementation ever a kludge...
978  */
979 static void
980 nonnewline(p)
981 register struct parse *p;
982 {
983 	register char *oldnext = p->next;
984 	register char *oldend = p->end;
985 	char bracket[4];
986 
987 	p->next = bracket;
988 	p->end = bracket+3;
989 	bracket[0] = '^';
990 	bracket[1] = '\n';
991 	bracket[2] = ']';
992 	bracket[3] = '\0';
993 	p_bracket(p);
994 	assert(p->next == bracket+3);
995 	p->next = oldnext;
996 	p->end = oldend;
997 }
998 
999 /*
1000  - repeat - generate code for a bounded repetition, recursively if needed
1001  == static void repeat(register struct parse *p, sopno start, int from, int to);
1002  */
1003 static void
1004 repeat(p, start, from, to)
1005 register struct parse *p;
1006 sopno start;			/* operand from here to end of strip */
1007 int from;			/* repeated from this number */
1008 int to;				/* to this number of times (maybe INFINITY) */
1009 {
1010 	register sopno finish = HERE();
1011 #	define	N	2
1012 #	define	INF	3
1013 #	define	REP(f, t)	((f)*8 + (t))
1014 #	define	MAP(n)	(((n) <= 1) ? (n) : ((n) == INFINITY) ? INF : N)
1015 	register sopno copy;
1016 
1017 	if (p->error != 0)	/* head off possible runaway recursion */
1018 		return;
1019 
1020 	assert(from <= to);
1021 
1022 	switch (REP(MAP(from), MAP(to))) {
1023 	case REP(0, 0):			/* must be user doing this */
1024 		DROP(finish-start);	/* drop the operand */
1025 		break;
1026 	case REP(0, 1):			/* as x{1,1}? */
1027 	case REP(0, N):			/* as x{1,n}? */
1028 	case REP(0, INF):		/* as x{1,}? */
1029 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
1030 		INSERT(OCH_, start);		/* offset is wrong... */
1031 		repeat(p, start+1, 1, to);
1032 		ASTERN(OOR1, start);
1033 		AHEAD(start);			/* ... fix it */
1034 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);
1035 		AHEAD(THERE());
1036 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
1037 		break;
1038 	case REP(1, 1):			/* trivial case */
1039 		/* done */
1040 		break;
1041 	case REP(1, N):			/* as x?x{1,n-1} */
1042 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
1043 		INSERT(OCH_, start);
1044 		ASTERN(OOR1, start);
1045 		AHEAD(start);
1046 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset very wrong... */
1047 		AHEAD(THERE());			/* ...so fix it */
1048 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
1049 		copy = dupl(p, start+1, finish+1);
1050 		assert(copy == finish+4);
1051 		repeat(p, copy, 1, to-1);
1052 		break;
1053 	case REP(1, INF):		/* as x+ */
1054 		INSERT(OPLUS_, start);
1055 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, start);
1056 		break;
1057 	case REP(N, N):			/* as xx{m-1,n-1} */
1058 		copy = dupl(p, start, finish);
1059 		repeat(p, copy, from-1, to-1);
1060 		break;
1061 	case REP(N, INF):		/* as xx{n-1,INF} */
1062 		copy = dupl(p, start, finish);
1063 		repeat(p, copy, from-1, to);
1064 		break;
1065 	default:			/* "can't happen" */
1066 		SETERROR(REG_ASSERT);	/* just in case */
1067 		break;
1068 	}
1069 }
1070 
1071 /*
1072  - seterr - set an error condition
1073  == static int seterr(register struct parse *p, int e);
1074  */
1075 static int			/* useless but makes type checking happy */
1076 seterr(p, e)
1077 register struct parse *p;
1078 int e;
1079 {
1080 	if (p->error == 0)	/* keep earliest error condition */
1081 		p->error = e;
1082 	p->next = nuls;		/* try to bring things to a halt */
1083 	p->end = nuls;
1084 	return(0);		/* make the return value well-defined */
1085 }
1086 
1087 /*
1088  - allocset - allocate a set of characters for []
1089  == static cset *allocset(register struct parse *p);
1090  */
1091 static cset *
1092 allocset(p)
1093 register struct parse *p;
1094 {
1095 	register int no = p->g->ncsets++;
1096 	register size_t nc;
1097 	register size_t nbytes;
1098 	register cset *cs;
1099 	register size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1100 	register int i;
1101 
1102 	if (no >= p->ncsalloc) {	/* need another column of space */
1103 		p->ncsalloc += CHAR_BIT;
1104 		nc = p->ncsalloc;
1105 		assert(nc % CHAR_BIT == 0);
1106 		nbytes = nc / CHAR_BIT * css;
1107 		if (p->g->sets == NULL)
1108 			p->g->sets = (cset *)malloc(nc * sizeof(cset));
1109 		else {
1110 			cset *ptr;
1111 			ptr = (cset *)realloc((char *)p->g->sets,
1112 			    nc * sizeof(cset));
1113 			if (ptr == NULL) {
1114 				free(p->g->sets);
1115 				p->g->sets = NULL;
1116 			} else
1117 				p->g->sets = ptr;
1118 		}
1119 		if (p->g->sets == NULL)
1120 			goto nomem;
1121 
1122 		if (p->g->setbits == NULL)
1123 			p->g->setbits = (uch *)malloc(nbytes);
1124 		else {
1125 			uch *ptr;
1126 
1127 			ptr = (uch *)realloc((char *)p->g->setbits, nbytes);
1128 			if (ptr == NULL) {
1129 				free(p->g->setbits);
1130 				p->g->setbits = NULL;
1131 			} else {
1132 				p->g->setbits = ptr;
1133 
1134 				for (i = 0; i < no; i++)
1135 					p->g->sets[i].ptr = p->g->setbits +
1136 					    css*(i/CHAR_BIT);
1137 			}
1138 		}
1139 
1140 		if (p->g->sets == NULL || p->g->setbits == NULL) {
1141 nomem:
1142 			no = 0;
1143 			SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1144 			/* caller's responsibility not to do set ops */
1145 		} else
1146 			(void) memset((char *)p->g->setbits + (nbytes - css),
1147 			    0, css);
1148 	}
1149 
1150 	assert(p->g->sets != NULL);	/* xxx */
1151 	if (p->g->sets != NULL && p->g->setbits != NULL) {
1152 		cs = &p->g->sets[no];
1153 		cs->ptr = p->g->setbits + css*((no)/CHAR_BIT);
1154 	}
1155 	cs->mask = 1 << ((no) % CHAR_BIT);
1156 	cs->hash = 0;
1157 	cs->smultis = 0;
1158 	cs->multis = NULL;
1159 
1160 	return(cs);
1161 }
1162 
1163 /*
1164  - freeset - free a now-unused set
1165  == static void freeset(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
1166  */
1167 static void
1168 freeset(p, cs)
1169 register struct parse *p;
1170 register cset *cs;
1171 {
1172 	register int i;
1173 	register cset *top = &p->g->sets[p->g->ncsets];
1174 	register size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1175 
1176 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
1177 		CHsub(cs, i);
1178 	if (cs == top-1)	/* recover only the easy case */
1179 		p->g->ncsets--;
1180 }
1181 
1182 /*
1183  - freezeset - final processing on a set of characters
1184  == static int freezeset(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
1185  *
1186  * The main task here is merging identical sets.  This is usually a waste
1187  * of time (although the hash code minimizes the overhead), but can win
1188  * big if REG_ICASE is being used.  REG_ICASE, by the way, is why the hash
1189  * is done using addition rather than xor -- all ASCII [aA] sets xor to
1190  * the same value!
1191  */
1192 static int			/* set number */
1193 freezeset(p, cs)
1194 register struct parse *p;
1195 register cset *cs;
1196 {
1197 	register uch h = cs->hash;
1198 	register int i;
1199 	register cset *top = &p->g->sets[p->g->ncsets];
1200 	register cset *cs2;
1201 	register size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1202 
1203 	/* look for an earlier one which is the same */
1204 	for (cs2 = &p->g->sets[0]; cs2 < top; cs2++)
1205 		if (cs2->hash == h && cs2 != cs) {
1206 			/* maybe */
1207 			for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
1208 				if (!!CHIN(cs2, i) != !!CHIN(cs, i))
1209 					break;		/* no */
1210 			if (i == css)
1211 				break;			/* yes */
1212 		}
1213 
1214 	if (cs2 < top) {	/* found one */
1215 		freeset(p, cs);
1216 		cs = cs2;
1217 	}
1218 
1219 	return((int)(cs - p->g->sets));
1220 }
1221 
1222 /*
1223  - firstch - return first character in a set (which must have at least one)
1224  == static int firstch(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
1225  */
1226 static int			/* character; there is no "none" value */
1227 firstch(p, cs)
1228 register struct parse *p;
1229 register cset *cs;
1230 {
1231 	register int i;
1232 	register size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1233 
1234 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
1235 		if (CHIN(cs, i))
1236 			return((char)i);
1237 	assert(never);
1238 	return(0);		/* arbitrary */
1239 }
1240 
1241 /*
1242  - nch - number of characters in a set
1243  == static int nch(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
1244  */
1245 static int
1246 nch(p, cs)
1247 register struct parse *p;
1248 register cset *cs;
1249 {
1250 	register int i;
1251 	register size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1252 	register int n = 0;
1253 
1254 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
1255 		if (CHIN(cs, i))
1256 			n++;
1257 	return(n);
1258 }
1259 
1260 /*
1261  - mcadd - add a collating element to a cset
1262  == static void mcadd(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs, \
1263  ==	register char *cp);
1264  */
1265 static void
1266 mcadd(p, cs, cp)
1267 register struct parse *p;
1268 register cset *cs;
1269 register char *cp;
1270 {
1271 	register size_t oldend = cs->smultis;
1272 	void *np;
1273 
1274 	cs->smultis += strlen(cp) + 1;
1275 	if (cs->multis == NULL)
1276 		np = malloc(cs->smultis);
1277 	else
1278 		np = realloc(cs->multis, cs->smultis);
1279 	if (np == NULL) {
1280 		if (cs->multis)
1281 			free(cs->multis);
1282 		cs->multis = NULL;
1283 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1284 		return;
1285 	}
1286 	cs->multis = np;
1287 
1288 	(void) strcpy(cs->multis + oldend - 1, cp);
1289 	cs->multis[cs->smultis - 1] = '\0';
1290 }
1291 
1292 /*
1293  - mcinvert - invert the list of collating elements in a cset
1294  == static void mcinvert(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
1295  *
1296  * This would have to know the set of possibilities.  Implementation
1297  * is deferred.
1298  */
1299 /* ARGSUSED */
1300 static void
1301 mcinvert(p, cs)
1302 register struct parse *p;
1303 register cset *cs;
1304 {
1305 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);	/* xxx */
1306 }
1307 
1308 /*
1309  - mccase - add case counterparts of the list of collating elements in a cset
1310  == static void mccase(register struct parse *p, register cset *cs);
1311  *
1312  * This would have to know the set of possibilities.  Implementation
1313  * is deferred.
1314  */
1315 /* ARGSUSED */
1316 static void
1317 mccase(p, cs)
1318 register struct parse *p;
1319 register cset *cs;
1320 {
1321 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);	/* xxx */
1322 }
1323 
1324 /*
1325  - isinsets - is this character in any sets?
1326  == static int isinsets(register struct re_guts *g, int c);
1327  */
1328 static int			/* predicate */
1329 isinsets(g, c)
1330 register struct re_guts *g;
1331 int c;
1332 {
1333 	register uch *col;
1334 	register int i;
1335 	register int ncols = (g->ncsets+(CHAR_BIT-1)) / CHAR_BIT;
1336 	register unsigned uc = (unsigned char)c;
1337 
1338 	for (i = 0, col = g->setbits; i < ncols; i++, col += g->csetsize)
1339 		if (col[uc] != 0)
1340 			return(1);
1341 	return(0);
1342 }
1343 
1344 /*
1345  - samesets - are these two characters in exactly the same sets?
1346  == static int samesets(register struct re_guts *g, int c1, int c2);
1347  */
1348 static int			/* predicate */
1349 samesets(g, c1, c2)
1350 register struct re_guts *g;
1351 int c1;
1352 int c2;
1353 {
1354 	register uch *col;
1355 	register int i;
1356 	register int ncols = (g->ncsets+(CHAR_BIT-1)) / CHAR_BIT;
1357 	register unsigned uc1 = (unsigned char)c1;
1358 	register unsigned uc2 = (unsigned char)c2;
1359 
1360 	for (i = 0, col = g->setbits; i < ncols; i++, col += g->csetsize)
1361 		if (col[uc1] != col[uc2])
1362 			return(0);
1363 	return(1);
1364 }
1365 
1366 /*
1367  - categorize - sort out character categories
1368  == static void categorize(struct parse *p, register struct re_guts *g);
1369  */
1370 static void
1371 categorize(p, g)
1372 struct parse *p;
1373 register struct re_guts *g;
1374 {
1375 	register cat_t *cats = g->categories;
1376 	register int c;
1377 	register int c2;
1378 	register cat_t cat;
1379 
1380 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1381 	if (p->error != 0)
1382 		return;
1383 
1384 	for (c = CHAR_MIN; c <= CHAR_MAX; c++)
1385 		if (cats[c] == 0 && isinsets(g, c)) {
1386 			cat = g->ncategories++;
1387 			cats[c] = cat;
1388 			for (c2 = c+1; c2 <= CHAR_MAX; c2++)
1389 				if (cats[c2] == 0 && samesets(g, c, c2))
1390 					cats[c2] = cat;
1391 		}
1392 }
1393 
1394 /*
1395  - dupl - emit a duplicate of a bunch of sops
1396  == static sopno dupl(register struct parse *p, sopno start, sopno finish);
1397  */
1398 static sopno			/* start of duplicate */
1399 dupl(p, start, finish)
1400 register struct parse *p;
1401 sopno start;			/* from here */
1402 sopno finish;			/* to this less one */
1403 {
1404 	register sopno ret = HERE();
1405 	register sopno len = finish - start;
1406 
1407 	assert(finish >= start);
1408 	if (len == 0)
1409 		return(ret);
1410 	enlarge(p, p->ssize + len);	/* this many unexpected additions */
1411 	assert(p->ssize >= p->slen + len);
1412 	(void) memcpy((char *)(p->strip + p->slen),
1413 		(char *)(p->strip + start), (size_t)len*sizeof(sop));
1414 	p->slen += len;
1415 	return(ret);
1416 }
1417 
1418 /*
1419  - doemit - emit a strip operator
1420  == static void doemit(register struct parse *p, sop op, size_t opnd);
1421  *
1422  * It might seem better to implement this as a macro with a function as
1423  * hard-case backup, but it's just too big and messy unless there are
1424  * some changes to the data structures.  Maybe later.
1425  */
1426 static void
1427 doemit(p, op, opnd)
1428 register struct parse *p;
1429 sop op;
1430 size_t opnd;
1431 {
1432 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1433 	if (p->error != 0)
1434 		return;
1435 
1436 	/* deal with oversize operands ("can't happen", more or less) */
1437 	assert(opnd < 1<<OPSHIFT);
1438 
1439 	/* deal with undersized strip */
1440 	if (p->slen >= p->ssize)
1441 		enlarge(p, (p->ssize+1) / 2 * 3);	/* +50% */
1442 	assert(p->slen < p->ssize);
1443 
1444 	/* finally, it's all reduced to the easy case */
1445 	p->strip[p->slen++] = SOP(op, opnd);
1446 }
1447 
1448 /*
1449  - doinsert - insert a sop into the strip
1450  == static void doinsert(register struct parse *p, sop op, size_t opnd, sopno pos);
1451  */
1452 static void
1453 doinsert(p, op, opnd, pos)
1454 register struct parse *p;
1455 sop op;
1456 size_t opnd;
1457 sopno pos;
1458 {
1459 	register sopno sn;
1460 	register sop s;
1461 	register int i;
1462 
1463 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1464 	if (p->error != 0)
1465 		return;
1466 
1467 	sn = HERE();
1468 	EMIT(op, opnd);		/* do checks, ensure space */
1469 	assert(HERE() == sn+1);
1470 	s = p->strip[sn];
1471 
1472 	/* adjust paren pointers */
1473 	assert(pos > 0);
1474 	for (i = 1; i < NPAREN; i++) {
1475 		if (p->pbegin[i] >= pos) {
1476 			p->pbegin[i]++;
1477 		}
1478 		if (p->pend[i] >= pos) {
1479 			p->pend[i]++;
1480 		}
1481 	}
1482 
1483 	memmove((char *)&p->strip[pos+1], (char *)&p->strip[pos],
1484 						(HERE()-pos-1)*sizeof(sop));
1485 	p->strip[pos] = s;
1486 }
1487 
1488 /*
1489  - dofwd - complete a forward reference
1490  == static void dofwd(register struct parse *p, sopno pos, sop value);
1491  */
1492 static void
1493 dofwd(p, pos, value)
1494 register struct parse *p;
1495 register sopno pos;
1496 sop value;
1497 {
1498 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1499 	if (p->error != 0)
1500 		return;
1501 
1502 	assert(value < 1<<OPSHIFT);
1503 	p->strip[pos] = OP(p->strip[pos]) | value;
1504 }
1505 
1506 /*
1507  - enlarge - enlarge the strip
1508  == static void enlarge(register struct parse *p, sopno size);
1509  */
1510 static void
1511 enlarge(p, size)
1512 register struct parse *p;
1513 register sopno size;
1514 {
1515 	register sop *sp;
1516 
1517 	if (p->ssize >= size)
1518 		return;
1519 
1520 	sp = (sop *)realloc(p->strip, size*sizeof(sop));
1521 	if (sp == NULL) {
1522 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1523 		return;
1524 	}
1525 	p->strip = sp;
1526 	p->ssize = size;
1527 }
1528 
1529 /*
1530  - stripsnug - compact the strip
1531  == static void stripsnug(register struct parse *p, register struct re_guts *g);
1532  */
1533 static void
1534 stripsnug(p, g)
1535 register struct parse *p;
1536 register struct re_guts *g;
1537 {
1538 	g->nstates = p->slen;
1539 	g->strip = (sop *)realloc((char *)p->strip, p->slen * sizeof(sop));
1540 	if (g->strip == NULL) {
1541 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1542 		g->strip = p->strip;
1543 	}
1544 }
1545 
1546 /*
1547  - findmust - fill in must and mlen with longest mandatory literal string
1548  == static void findmust(register struct parse *p, register struct re_guts *g);
1549  *
1550  * This algorithm could do fancy things like analyzing the operands of |
1551  * for common subsequences.  Someday.  This code is simple and finds most
1552  * of the interesting cases.
1553  *
1554  * Note that must and mlen got initialized during setup.
1555  */
1556 static void
1557 findmust(p, g)
1558 struct parse *p;
1559 register struct re_guts *g;
1560 {
1561 	register sop *scan;
1562 	sop *start;
1563 	register sop *newstart;
1564 	register sopno newlen;
1565 	register sop s;
1566 	register char *cp;
1567 	register sopno i;
1568 
1569 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1570 	if (p->error != 0)
1571 		return;
1572 
1573 	/* find the longest OCHAR sequence in strip */
1574 	newlen = 0;
1575 	scan = g->strip + 1;
1576 	do {
1577 		s = *scan++;
1578 		switch (OP(s)) {
1579 		case OCHAR:		/* sequence member */
1580 			if (newlen == 0)		/* new sequence */
1581 				newstart = scan - 1;
1582 			newlen++;
1583 			break;
1584 		case OPLUS_:		/* things that don't break one */
1585 		case OLPAREN:
1586 		case ORPAREN:
1587 			break;
1588 		case OQUEST_:		/* things that must be skipped */
1589 		case OCH_:
1590 			scan--;
1591 			do {
1592 				scan += OPND(s);
1593 				s = *scan;
1594 				/* assert() interferes w debug printouts */
1595 				if (OP(s) != O_QUEST && OP(s) != O_CH &&
1596 							OP(s) != OOR2) {
1597 					g->iflags |= BAD;
1598 					return;
1599 				}
1600 			} while (OP(s) != O_QUEST && OP(s) != O_CH);
1601 			/* fallthrough */
1602 		default:		/* things that break a sequence */
1603 			if (newlen > g->mlen) {		/* ends one */
1604 				start = newstart;
1605 				g->mlen = newlen;
1606 			}
1607 			newlen = 0;
1608 			break;
1609 		}
1610 	} while (OP(s) != OEND);
1611 
1612 	if (g->mlen == 0)		/* there isn't one */
1613 		return;
1614 
1615 	/* turn it into a character string */
1616 	g->must = malloc((size_t)g->mlen + 1);
1617 	if (g->must == NULL) {		/* argh; just forget it */
1618 		g->mlen = 0;
1619 		return;
1620 	}
1621 	cp = g->must;
1622 	scan = start;
1623 	for (i = g->mlen; i > 0; i--) {
1624 		while (OP(s = *scan++) != OCHAR)
1625 			continue;
1626 		assert(cp < g->must + g->mlen);
1627 		*cp++ = (char)OPND(s);
1628 	}
1629 	assert(cp == g->must + g->mlen);
1630 	*cp++ = '\0';		/* just on general principles */
1631 }
1632 
1633 /*
1634  - pluscount - count + nesting
1635  == static sopno pluscount(register struct parse *p, register struct re_guts *g);
1636  */
1637 static sopno			/* nesting depth */
1638 pluscount(p, g)
1639 struct parse *p;
1640 register struct re_guts *g;
1641 {
1642 	register sop *scan;
1643 	register sop s;
1644 	register sopno plusnest = 0;
1645 	register sopno maxnest = 0;
1646 
1647 	if (p->error != 0)
1648 		return(0);	/* there may not be an OEND */
1649 
1650 	scan = g->strip + 1;
1651 	do {
1652 		s = *scan++;
1653 		switch (OP(s)) {
1654 		case OPLUS_:
1655 			plusnest++;
1656 			break;
1657 		case O_PLUS:
1658 			if (plusnest > maxnest)
1659 				maxnest = plusnest;
1660 			plusnest--;
1661 			break;
1662 		}
1663 	} while (OP(s) != OEND);
1664 	if (plusnest != 0)
1665 		g->iflags |= BAD;
1666 	return(maxnest);
1667 }
1668