xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/su/su.c (revision f82d7874c259b2a6cc59b714f844919f32bf7b51)
1 /*	$NetBSD: su.c,v 1.67 2008/04/05 15:59:39 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 __COPYRIGHT(
35     "@(#) Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
36  All rights reserved.\n");
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 
39 #ifndef lint
40 #if 0
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)su.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";*/
42 #else
43 __RCSID("$NetBSD: su.c,v 1.67 2008/04/05 15:59:39 christos Exp $");
44 #endif
45 #endif /* not lint */
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/time.h>
49 #include <sys/resource.h>
50 #include <err.h>
51 #include <errno.h>
52 #include <grp.h>
53 #include <paths.h>
54 #include <pwd.h>
55 #include <stdio.h>
56 #ifdef SKEY
57 #include <skey.h>
58 #endif
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <syslog.h>
62 #include <time.h>
63 #include <tzfile.h>
64 #include <unistd.h>
65 #include <util.h>
66 
67 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
68 #include <login_cap.h>
69 #endif
70 
71 #ifdef KERBEROS5
72 #include <krb5.h>
73 #endif
74 
75 #ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
76 #include "grutil.h"
77 #endif
78 #include "suutil.h"
79 
80 #ifdef KERBEROS5
81 #define	ARGSTRX	"-Kdflm"
82 static int kerberos5(char *, const char *, uid_t);
83 int use_kerberos = 1;
84 #else
85 #define	ARGSTRX	"-dflm"
86 #endif
87 
88 #ifndef	SU_GROUP
89 #define	SU_GROUP	"wheel"
90 #endif
91 
92 #define GROUP_PASSWORD	"Group Password:"
93 
94 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
95 #define ARGSTR	ARGSTRX "c:"
96 #else
97 #define ARGSTR ARGSTRX
98 #endif
99 
100 static int check_ingroup(int, const char *, const char *, int);
101 
102 int
103 main(int argc, char **argv)
104 {
105 	extern char **environ;
106 	struct passwd *pwd;
107 	char *p;
108 #ifdef BSD4_4
109 	struct timeval tp;
110 #endif
111 	uid_t ruid;
112 	int asme, ch, asthem, fastlogin, prio, gohome;
113 	enum { UNSET, YES, NO } iscsh = UNSET;
114 	const char *user, *shell, *avshell;
115 	char *username, **np;
116 	char *userpass, *class;
117 	char shellbuf[MAXPATHLEN], avshellbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
118 	time_t pw_warntime = _PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY;
119 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
120 	login_cap_t *lc;
121 #endif
122 #ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
123 	char *gname;
124 #endif
125 
126 	(void)setprogname(argv[0]);
127 	asme = asthem = fastlogin = 0;
128 	gohome = 1;
129 	shell = class = NULL;
130 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, ARGSTR)) != -1)
131 		switch((char)ch) {
132 #ifdef KERBEROS5
133 		case 'K':
134 			use_kerberos = 0;
135 			break;
136 #endif
137 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
138 		case 'c':
139 			class = optarg;
140 			break;
141 #endif
142 		case 'd':
143 			asme = 0;
144 			asthem = 1;
145 			gohome = 0;
146 			break;
147 		case 'f':
148 			fastlogin = 1;
149 			break;
150 		case '-':
151 		case 'l':
152 			asme = 0;
153 			asthem = 1;
154 			break;
155 		case 'm':
156 			asme = 1;
157 			asthem = 0;
158 			break;
159 		case '?':
160 		default:
161 			(void)fprintf(stderr,
162 #ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
163 			    "usage: %s [%s] [login[:group] [shell arguments]]\n",
164 #else
165 			    "usage: %s [%s] [login [shell arguments]]\n",
166 #endif
167 			    getprogname(), ARGSTR);
168 			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
169 		}
170 	argv += optind;
171 
172 	/* Lower the priority so su runs faster */
173 	errno = 0;
174 	prio = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
175 	if (errno)
176 		prio = 0;
177 	if (prio > -2)
178 		(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -2);
179 	openlog("su", 0, LOG_AUTH);
180 
181 	/* get current login name and shell */
182 	ruid = getuid();
183 	username = getlogin();
184 	if (username == NULL || (pwd = getpwnam(username)) == NULL ||
185 	    pwd->pw_uid != ruid)
186 		pwd = getpwuid(ruid);
187 	if (pwd == NULL)
188 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "who are you?");
189 	username = estrdup(pwd->pw_name);
190 	userpass = estrdup(pwd->pw_passwd);
191 
192 	if (asme) {
193 		if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
194 			(void)estrlcpy(shellbuf, pwd->pw_shell, sizeof(shellbuf));
195 			shell = shellbuf;
196 		} else {
197 			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
198 			iscsh = NO;
199 		}
200 	}
201 	/* get target login information, default to root */
202 	user = *argv ? *argv : "root";
203 	np = *argv ? argv : argv - 1;
204 
205 #ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
206 	if ((p = strchr(user, ':')) != NULL) {
207 		*p = '\0';
208 		gname = ++p;
209 	}
210 	else
211 		gname = NULL;
212 
213 #ifdef ALLOW_EMPTY_USER
214 	if (user[0] == '\0' && gname != NULL)
215 		user = username;
216 #endif
217 #endif
218 	if ((pwd = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
219 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "unknown login `%s'", user);
220 
221 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
222 	/* force the usage of specified class */
223 	if (class) {
224 		if (ruid)
225 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Only root may use -c");
226 
227 		pwd->pw_class = class;
228 	}
229 	if ((lc = login_getclass(pwd->pw_class)) == NULL)
230 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Unknown class %s\n", pwd->pw_class);
231 
232 	pw_warntime = (time_t)login_getcaptime(lc, "password-warn",
233 	    _PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY,
234 	    _PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY);
235 #endif
236 
237 	if (ruid
238 #ifdef KERBEROS5
239 	    && (!use_kerberos || kerberos5(username, user, pwd->pw_uid))
240 #endif
241 	    ) {
242 		char *pass = pwd->pw_passwd;
243 		int ok = pwd->pw_uid != 0;
244 
245 #ifdef SU_ROOTAUTH
246 		/*
247 		 * Allow those in group rootauth to su to root, by supplying
248 		 * their own password.
249 		 */
250 		if (!ok) {
251 			if ((ok = check_ingroup(-1, SU_ROOTAUTH, username, 0))) {
252 				pass = userpass;
253 				user = username;
254 			}
255 		}
256 #endif
257 		/*
258 		 * Only allow those in group SU_GROUP to su to root,
259 		 * but only if that group has any members.
260 		 * If SU_GROUP has no members, allow anyone to su root
261 		 */
262 		if (!ok)
263 			ok = check_ingroup(-1, SU_GROUP, username, 1);
264 		if (!ok)
265 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
266 	    "you are not listed in the correct secondary group (%s) to su %s.",
267 					    SU_GROUP, user);
268 		/* if target requires a password, verify it */
269 		if (*pass && pwd->pw_uid != ruid) {	/* XXX - OK? */
270 			p = getpass("Password:");
271 #ifdef SKEY
272 			if (strcasecmp(p, "s/key") == 0) {
273 				if (skey_haskey(user))
274 					errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
275 					    "Sorry, you have no s/key.");
276 				else {
277 					if (skey_authenticate(user)) {
278 						goto badlogin;
279 					}
280 				}
281 
282 			} else
283 #endif
284 			if (strcmp(pass, crypt(p, pass)) != 0) {
285 #ifdef SKEY
286  badlogin:
287 #endif
288 				(void)fprintf(stderr, "Sorry\n");
289 				syslog(LOG_WARNING,
290 					"BAD SU %s to %s%s", username,
291 					pwd->pw_name, ontty());
292 				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
293 			}
294 		}
295 	}
296 
297 	if (asme) {
298 		/* if asme and non-standard target shell, must be root */
299 		if (chshell(pwd->pw_shell) == 0 && ruid)
300 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "permission denied (shell).");
301 	} else if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
302 		shell = pwd->pw_shell;
303 		iscsh = UNSET;
304 	} else {
305 		shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
306 		iscsh = NO;
307 	}
308 
309 	if ((p = strrchr(shell, '/')) != NULL)
310 		avshell = p+1;
311 	else
312 		avshell = shell;
313 
314 	/* if we're forking a csh, we want to slightly muck the args */
315 	if (iscsh == UNSET)
316 		iscsh = strstr(avshell, "csh") ? YES : NO;
317 
318 	/* set permissions */
319 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
320 # ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
321 	/* if we aren't changing users, keep the current group members */
322 	if (ruid != pwd->pw_uid &&
323 	    setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETGROUP) == -1)
324 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setting user context");
325 
326 	addgroup(lc, gname, pwd, ruid, GROUP_PASSWORD);
327 
328 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid,
329 		(u_int)(asthem ? (LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETUMASK) : 0) |
330 		LOGIN_SETRESOURCES | LOGIN_SETUSER) == -1)
331 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setting user context");
332 # else
333 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid,
334 		(u_int)(asthem ? (LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETUMASK) : 0) |
335 		LOGIN_SETRESOURCES | LOGIN_SETGROUP | LOGIN_SETUSER) == -1)
336 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setting user context");
337 # endif
338 #else
339 	if (setgid(pwd->pw_gid) == -1)
340 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setgid");
341 	/* if we aren't changing users, keep the current group members */
342 	if (ruid != pwd->pw_uid && initgroups(user, pwd->pw_gid) != 0)
343 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "initgroups failed");
344 # ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
345 	addgroup(/*EMPTY*/, gname, pwd, ruid, GROUP_PASSWORD);
346 # endif
347 	if (setuid(pwd->pw_uid) == -1)
348 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setuid");
349 #endif
350 
351 	if (!asme) {
352 		if (asthem) {
353 			p = getenv("TERM");
354 			/* Create an empty environment */
355 			environ = emalloc(sizeof(char *));
356 			environ[0] = NULL;
357 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
358 			if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid,
359 				LOGIN_SETPATH) == -1)
360 				err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setting user context");
361 #else
362 			(void)setenv("PATH", _PATH_DEFPATH, 1);
363 #endif
364 			if (p)
365 				(void)setenv("TERM", p, 1);
366 			if (gohome && chdir(pwd->pw_dir) == -1)
367 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "no directory");
368 		}
369 
370 		if (asthem || pwd->pw_uid) {
371 			(void)setenv("LOGNAME", pwd->pw_name, 1);
372 			(void)setenv("USER", pwd->pw_name, 1);
373 		}
374 		(void)setenv("HOME", pwd->pw_dir, 1);
375 		(void)setenv("SHELL", shell, 1);
376 	}
377 	(void)setenv("SU_FROM", username, 1);
378 
379 	if (iscsh == YES) {
380 		if (fastlogin)
381 			*np-- = __UNCONST("-f");
382 		if (asme)
383 			*np-- = __UNCONST("-m");
384 	} else {
385 		if (fastlogin)
386 			(void)unsetenv("ENV");
387 	}
388 
389 	if (asthem) {
390 		avshellbuf[0] = '-';
391 		(void)estrlcpy(avshellbuf + 1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
392 		avshell = avshellbuf;
393 	} else if (iscsh == YES) {
394 		/* csh strips the first character... */
395 		avshellbuf[0] = '_';
396 		(void)estrlcpy(avshellbuf + 1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
397 		avshell = avshellbuf;
398 	}
399 	*np = __UNCONST(avshell);
400 
401 #ifdef BSD4_4
402 	if (pwd->pw_change || pwd->pw_expire)
403 		(void)gettimeofday(&tp, (struct timezone *)NULL);
404 	if (pwd->pw_change) {
405 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_change) {
406 			(void)printf("%s -- %s's password has expired.\n",
407 				     (ruid ? "Sorry" : "Note"), user);
408 			if (ruid != 0)
409 				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
410 		} else if (pwd->pw_change - tp.tv_sec < pw_warntime)
411 			(void)printf("Warning: %s's password expires on %s",
412 				     user, ctime(&pwd->pw_change));
413 	}
414 	if (pwd->pw_expire) {
415 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_expire) {
416 			(void)printf("%s -- %s's account has expired.\n",
417 				     (ruid ? "Sorry" : "Note"), user);
418 			if (ruid != 0)
419 				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
420 		} else if (pwd->pw_expire - tp.tv_sec <
421 		    _PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY)
422 			(void)printf("Warning: %s's account expires on %s",
423 				     user, ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
424 	}
425 #endif
426 	if (ruid != 0)
427 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%s to %s%s",
428 		    username, pwd->pw_name, ontty());
429 
430 	/* Raise our priority back to what we had before */
431 	(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, prio);
432 
433 	(void)execv(shell, np);
434 	err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", shell);
435 	/* NOTREACHED */
436 }
437 
438 
439 #ifdef KERBEROS5
440 static int
441 kerberos5(char *username, const char *user, uid_t uid)
442 {
443 	krb5_error_code ret;
444 	krb5_context context;
445 	krb5_principal princ = NULL;
446 	krb5_ccache ccache, ccache2;
447 	char *cc_name;
448 	const char *filename;
449 
450 	ret = krb5_init_context(&context);
451 	if (ret)
452 		return 1;
453 
454 	if (strcmp(user, "root") == 0)
455 		ret = krb5_make_principal(context, &princ,
456 					  NULL, username, "root", NULL);
457 	else
458 		ret = krb5_make_principal(context, &princ,
459 					  NULL, user, NULL);
460 	if (ret)
461 		goto fail;
462 	if (!krb5_kuserok(context, princ, user) && !uid) {
463 		warnx("kerberos5: not in %s's ACL.", user);
464 		goto fail;
465 	}
466 	ret = krb5_cc_gen_new(context, &krb5_mcc_ops, &ccache);
467 	if (ret)
468 		goto fail;
469 	ret = krb5_verify_user_lrealm(context, princ, ccache, NULL, TRUE,
470 				      NULL);
471 	if (ret) {
472 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
473 		switch (ret) {
474 		case KRB5_LIBOS_PWDINTR :
475 			break;
476 		case KRB5KRB_AP_ERR_BAD_INTEGRITY:
477 		case KRB5KRB_AP_ERR_MODIFIED:
478 			krb5_warnx(context, "Password incorrect");
479 			break;
480 		default :
481 			krb5_warn(context, ret, "krb5_verify_user");
482 			break;
483 		}
484 		goto fail;
485 	}
486 	ret = krb5_cc_gen_new(context, &krb5_fcc_ops, &ccache2);
487 	if (ret) {
488 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
489 		goto fail;
490 	}
491 	ret = krb5_cc_copy_cache(context, ccache, ccache2);
492 	if (ret) {
493 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
494 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache2);
495 		goto fail;
496 	}
497 
498 	filename = krb5_cc_get_name(context, ccache2);
499 	(void)easprintf(&cc_name, "%s:%s", krb5_cc_get_type(context, ccache2),
500 		 filename);
501 	if (chown(filename, uid, NOGROUP) == -1) {
502 		warn("chown %s", filename);
503 		free(cc_name);
504 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
505 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache2);
506 		goto fail;
507 	}
508 
509 	(void)setenv("KRB5CCNAME", cc_name, 1);
510 	free(cc_name);
511 	krb5_cc_close(context, ccache2);
512 	krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
513 	return 0;
514 
515  fail:
516 	if (princ != NULL)
517 		krb5_free_principal(context, princ);
518 	krb5_free_context(context);
519 	return 1;
520 }
521 #endif /* KERBEROS5 */
522 
523 static int
524 check_ingroup(int gid, const char *gname, const char *user, int ifempty)
525 {
526 	struct group *gr;
527 	char **g;
528 #ifdef SU_INDIRECT_GROUP
529 	char **gr_mem;
530 	int n = 0;
531 	int i = 0;
532 #endif
533 	int ok = 0;
534 
535 	if (gname == NULL)
536 		gr = getgrgid((gid_t) gid);
537 	else
538 		gr = getgrnam(gname);
539 
540 	/*
541 	 * XXX we are relying on the fact that we only set ifempty when
542 	 * calling to check for SU_GROUP and that is the only time a
543 	 * missing group is acceptable.
544 	 */
545 	if (gr == NULL)
546 		return ifempty;
547 	if (!*gr->gr_mem)		/* empty */
548 		return ifempty;
549 
550 	/*
551 	 * Ok, first see if user is in gr_mem
552 	 */
553 	for (g = gr->gr_mem; *g; ++g) {
554 		if (strcmp(*g, user) == 0)
555 			return 1;	/* ok */
556 #ifdef SU_INDIRECT_GROUP
557 		++n;			/* count them */
558 #endif
559 	}
560 #ifdef SU_INDIRECT_GROUP
561 	/*
562 	 * No.
563 	 * Now we need to duplicate the gr_mem list, and recurse for
564 	 * each member to see if it is a group, and if so whether user is
565 	 * in it.
566 	 */
567 	gr_mem = emalloc((n + 1) * sizeof (char *));
568 	for (g = gr->gr_mem, i = 0; *g; ++g) {
569 		gr_mem[i] = estrdup(*g);
570 		i++;
571 	}
572 	gr_mem[i++] = NULL;
573 
574 	for (g = gr_mem; ok == 0 && *g; ++g) {
575 		/*
576 		 * If we get this far we don't accept empty/missing groups.
577 		 */
578 		ok = check_ingroup(-1, *g, user, 0);
579 	}
580 	for (g = gr_mem; *g; ++g) {
581 		free(*g);
582 	}
583 	free(gr_mem);
584 #endif
585 	return ok;
586 }
587