xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/gzip/unpack.c (revision deb6f0161a9109e7de9b519dc8dfb9478668dcdd)
1 /*	$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/gzip/unpack.c 194579 2009-06-21 09:39:43Z delphij $	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: unpack.c,v 1.3 2017/08/04 07:27:08 mrg Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*-
5  * Copyright (c) 2009 Xin LI <delphij@FreeBSD.org>
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 /* This file is #included by gzip.c */
31 
32 /*
33  * pack(1) file format:
34  *
35  * The first 7 bytes is the header:
36  *	00, 01 - Signature (US, RS), we already validated it earlier.
37  *	02..05 - Uncompressed size
38  *	    06 - Level for the huffman tree (<=24)
39  *
40  * pack(1) will then store symbols (leaf) nodes count in each huffman
41  * tree levels, each level would consume 1 byte (See [1]).
42  *
43  * After the symbol count table, there is the symbol table, storing
44  * symbols represented by corresponding leaf node.  EOB is not being
45  * explicitly transmitted (not necessary anyway) in the symbol table.
46  *
47  * Compressed data goes after the symbol table.
48  *
49  * NOTES
50  *
51  * [1] If we count EOB into the symbols, that would mean that we will
52  * have at most 256 symbols in the huffman tree.  pack(1) rejects empty
53  * file and files that just repeats one character, which means that we
54  * will have at least 2 symbols.  Therefore, pack(1) would reduce the
55  * last level symbol count by 2 which makes it a number in
56  * range [0..254], so all levels' symbol count would fit into 1 byte.
57  */
58 
59 #define	PACK_HEADER_LENGTH	7
60 #define	HTREE_MAXLEVEL		24
61 
62 /*
63  * unpack descriptor
64  *
65  * Represent the huffman tree in a similar way that pack(1) would
66  * store in a packed file.  We store all symbols in a linear table,
67  * and store pointers to each level's first symbol.  In addition to
68  * that, maintain two counts for each level: inner nodes count and
69  * leaf nodes count.
70  */
71 typedef struct {
72 	int		symbol_size;	/* Size of the symbol table */
73 	int		treelevels;	/* Levels for the huffman tree */
74 
75 	int		*symbolsin;	/* Table of leaf symbols count in
76 					   each level */
77 	int		*inodesin;	/* Table of internal nodes count in
78 					   each level */
79 
80 	char		*symbol;	/* The symbol table */
81 	char		*symbol_eob;	/* Pointer to the EOB symbol */
82 	char		**tree;		/* Decoding huffman tree (pointers to
83 					   first symbol of each tree level */
84 
85 	off_t		uncompressed_size; /* Uncompressed size */
86 	FILE		*fpIn;		/* Input stream */
87 	FILE		*fpOut;		/* Output stream */
88 } unpack_descriptor_t;
89 
90 /*
91  * Release resource allocated to an unpack descriptor.
92  *
93  * Caller is responsible to make sure that all of these pointers are
94  * initialized (in our case, they all point to valid memory block).
95  * We don't zero out pointers here because nobody else would ever
96  * reference the memory block without scrubbing them.
97  */
98 static void
99 unpack_descriptor_fini(unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd)
100 {
101 
102 	free(unpackd->symbolsin);
103 	free(unpackd->inodesin);
104 	free(unpackd->symbol);
105 	free(unpackd->tree);
106 
107 	fclose(unpackd->fpIn);
108 	fclose(unpackd->fpOut);
109 }
110 
111 /*
112  * Recursively fill the internal node count table
113  */
114 static void
115 unpackd_fill_inodesin(const unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd, int level)
116 {
117 
118 	/*
119 	 * The internal nodes would be 1/2 of total internal nodes and
120 	 * leaf nodes in the next level.  For the last level there
121 	 * would be no internal node by definition.
122 	 */
123 	if (level < unpackd->treelevels) {
124 		unpackd_fill_inodesin(unpackd, level + 1);
125 		unpackd->inodesin[level] = (unpackd->inodesin[level + 1] +
126 					  unpackd->symbolsin[level + 1]) / 2;
127 	} else
128 		unpackd->inodesin[level] = 0;
129 }
130 
131 /*
132  * Update counter for accepted bytes
133  */
134 static void
135 accepted_bytes(off_t *bytes_in, off_t newbytes)
136 {
137 
138 	if (bytes_in != NULL)
139 		(*bytes_in) += newbytes;
140 }
141 
142 /*
143  * Read file header and construct the tree.  Also, prepare the buffered I/O
144  * for decode routine.
145  *
146  * Return value is uncompressed size.
147  */
148 static void
149 unpack_parse_header(int in, int out, char *pre, size_t prelen, off_t *bytes_in,
150     unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd)
151 {
152 	unsigned char hdr[PACK_HEADER_LENGTH];	/* buffer for header */
153 	ssize_t bytesread;		/* Bytes read from the file */
154 	int i, j, thisbyte;
155 
156 	if (prelen > sizeof hdr)
157 		maybe_err("prelen too long");
158 
159 	/* Prepend the header buffer if we already read some data */
160 	if (prelen != 0)
161 		memcpy(hdr, pre, prelen);
162 
163 	/* Read in and fill the rest bytes of header */
164 	bytesread = read(in, hdr + prelen, PACK_HEADER_LENGTH - prelen);
165 	if (bytesread < 0)
166 		maybe_err("Error reading pack header");
167 	infile_newdata(bytesread);
168 
169 	accepted_bytes(bytes_in, PACK_HEADER_LENGTH);
170 
171 	/* Obtain uncompressed length (bytes 2,3,4,5)*/
172 	unpackd->uncompressed_size = 0;
173 	for (i = 2; i <= 5; i++) {
174 		unpackd->uncompressed_size <<= 8;
175 		unpackd->uncompressed_size |= hdr[i];
176 	}
177 
178 	/* Get the levels of the tree */
179 	unpackd->treelevels = hdr[6];
180 	if (unpackd->treelevels > HTREE_MAXLEVEL || unpackd->treelevels < 1)
181 		maybe_errx("Huffman tree has insane levels");
182 
183 	/* Let libc take care for buffering from now on */
184 	if ((unpackd->fpIn = fdopen(in, "r")) == NULL)
185 		maybe_err("Can not fdopen() input stream");
186 	if ((unpackd->fpOut = fdopen(out, "w")) == NULL)
187 		maybe_err("Can not fdopen() output stream");
188 
189 	/* Allocate for the tables of bounds and the tree itself */
190 	unpackd->inodesin =
191 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, sizeof(*(unpackd->inodesin)));
192 	unpackd->symbolsin =
193 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, sizeof(*(unpackd->symbolsin)));
194 	unpackd->tree =
195 	    calloc(unpackd->treelevels, (sizeof (*(unpackd->tree))));
196 	if (unpackd->inodesin == NULL || unpackd->symbolsin == NULL ||
197 	    unpackd->tree == NULL)
198 		maybe_err("calloc");
199 
200 	/* We count from 0 so adjust to match array upper bound */
201 	unpackd->treelevels--;
202 
203 	/* Read the levels symbol count table and calculate total */
204 	unpackd->symbol_size = 1;		/* EOB */
205 	for (i = 0; i <= unpackd->treelevels; i++) {
206 		if ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) == EOF)
207 			maybe_err("File appears to be truncated");
208 		unpackd->symbolsin[i] = (unsigned char)thisbyte;
209 		unpackd->symbol_size += unpackd->symbolsin[i];
210 	}
211 	accepted_bytes(bytes_in, unpackd->treelevels);
212 	if (unpackd->symbol_size > 256)
213 		maybe_errx("Bad symbol table");
214 	infile_newdata(unpackd->treelevels);
215 
216 	/* Allocate for the symbol table, point symbol_eob at the beginning */
217 	unpackd->symbol_eob = unpackd->symbol = calloc(1, unpackd->symbol_size);
218 	if (unpackd->symbol == NULL)
219 		maybe_err("calloc");
220 
221 	/*
222 	 * Read in the symbol table, which contain [2, 256] symbols.
223 	 * In order to fit the count in one byte, pack(1) would offset
224 	 * it by reducing 2 from the actual number from the last level.
225 	 *
226 	 * We adjust the last level's symbol count by 1 here, because
227 	 * the EOB symbol is not being transmitted explicitly.  Another
228 	 * adjustment would be done later afterward.
229 	 */
230 	unpackd->symbolsin[unpackd->treelevels]++;
231 	for (i = 0; i <= unpackd->treelevels; i++) {
232 		unpackd->tree[i] = unpackd->symbol_eob;
233 		for (j = 0; j < unpackd->symbolsin[i]; j++) {
234 			if ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) == EOF)
235 				maybe_errx("Symbol table truncated");
236 			*unpackd->symbol_eob++ = (char)thisbyte;
237 		}
238 		infile_newdata(unpackd->symbolsin[i]);
239 		accepted_bytes(bytes_in, unpackd->symbolsin[i]);
240 	}
241 
242 	/* Now, take account for the EOB symbol as well */
243 	unpackd->symbolsin[unpackd->treelevels]++;
244 
245 	/*
246 	 * The symbolsin table has been constructed now.
247 	 * Calculate the internal nodes count table based on it.
248 	 */
249 	unpackd_fill_inodesin(unpackd, 0);
250 }
251 
252 /*
253  * Decode huffman stream, based on the huffman tree.
254  */
255 static void
256 unpack_decode(const unpack_descriptor_t *unpackd, off_t *bytes_in)
257 {
258 	int thislevel, thiscode, thisbyte, inlevelindex;
259 	int i;
260 	off_t bytes_out = 0;
261 	const char *thissymbol;	/* The symbol pointer decoded from stream */
262 
263 	/*
264 	 * Decode huffman.  Fetch every bytes from the file, get it
265 	 * into 'thiscode' bit-by-bit, then output the symbol we got
266 	 * when one has been found.
267 	 *
268 	 * Assumption: sizeof(int) > ((max tree levels + 1) / 8).
269 	 * bad things could happen if not.
270 	 */
271 	thislevel = 0;
272 	thiscode = thisbyte = 0;
273 
274 	while ((thisbyte = fgetc(unpackd->fpIn)) != EOF) {
275 		accepted_bytes(bytes_in, 1);
276 		infile_newdata(1);
277 		check_siginfo();
278 
279 		/*
280 		 * Split one bit from thisbyte, from highest to lowest,
281 		 * feed the bit into thiscode, until we got a symbol from
282 		 * the tree.
283 		 */
284 		for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
285 			thiscode = (thiscode << 1) | ((thisbyte >> i) & 1);
286 
287 			/* Did we got a symbol? (referencing leaf node) */
288 			if (thiscode >= unpackd->inodesin[thislevel]) {
289 				inlevelindex =
290 				    thiscode - unpackd->inodesin[thislevel];
291 				if (inlevelindex > unpackd->symbolsin[thislevel])
292 					maybe_errx("File corrupt");
293 
294 				thissymbol =
295 				    &(unpackd->tree[thislevel][inlevelindex]);
296 				if ((thissymbol == unpackd->symbol_eob) &&
297 				    (bytes_out == unpackd->uncompressed_size))
298 					goto finished;
299 
300 				fputc((*thissymbol), unpackd->fpOut);
301 				bytes_out++;
302 
303 				/* Prepare for next input */
304 				thislevel = 0; thiscode = 0;
305 			} else {
306 				thislevel++;
307 				if (thislevel > unpackd->treelevels)
308 					maybe_errx("File corrupt");
309 			}
310 		}
311 	}
312 
313 finished:
314 	if (bytes_out != unpackd->uncompressed_size)
315 		maybe_errx("Premature EOF");
316 }
317 
318 /* Handler for pack(1)'ed file */
319 static off_t
320 unpack(int in, int out, char *pre, size_t prelen, off_t *bytes_in)
321 {
322 	unpack_descriptor_t	unpackd;
323 
324 	unpack_parse_header(dup(in), dup(out), pre, prelen, bytes_in, &unpackd);
325 	unpack_decode(&unpackd, bytes_in);
326 	unpack_descriptor_fini(&unpackd);
327 
328 	/* If we reached here, the unpack was successful */
329 	return (unpackd.uncompressed_size);
330 }
331 
332