xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/bdes/bdes.c (revision 0aa2b64219e8591017bb3d659c51545050a6c3ff)

/*	$NetBSD: bdes.c,v 1.11 2023/06/27 19:30:27 andvar Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Matt Bishop of Dartmouth College.
 *
 * The United States Government has rights in this work pursuant
 * to contract no. NAG 2-680 between the National Aeronautics and
 * Space Administration and Dartmouth College.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#ifndef lint
__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\
 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bdes.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
#else
__RCSID("$NetBSD: bdes.c,v 1.11 2023/06/27 19:30:27 andvar Exp $");
#endif
#endif /* not lint */

/*
 * BDES -- DES encryption package for Berkeley Software Distribution 4.4
 * options:
 *	-a	key is in ASCII
 *	-b	use ECB (electronic code book) mode
 *	-d	invert (decrypt) input
 *	-f b	use b-bit CFB (cipher feedback) mode
 *	-F b	use b-bit CFB (cipher feedback) alternative mode
 *	-k key	use key as the cryptographic key
 *	-m b	generate a MAC of length b
 *	-o b	use b-bit OFB (output feedback) mode
 *	-p	don't reset the parity bit
 *	-v v	use v as the initialization vector (ignored for ECB)
 * note: the last character of the last block is the integer indicating
 * how many characters of that block are to be output
 *
 * Author: Matt Bishop
 *	   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science
 *	   Dartmouth College
 *	   Hanover, NH  03755
 * Email:  Matt.Bishop@dartmouth.edu
 *	   ...!decvax!dartvax!Matt.Bishop
 *
 * See Technical Report PCS-TR91-158, Department of Mathematics and Computer
 * Science, Dartmouth College, for a detailed description of the implemen-
 * tation and differences between it and Sun's.  The DES is described in
 * FIPS PUB 46, and the modes in FIPS PUB 81 (see either the manual page
 * or the technical report for a complete reference).
 */

#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

/*
 * BSD and System V systems offer special library calls that do
 * block moves and fills, so if possible we take advantage of them
 */
#define	MEMCPY(dest,src,len)	bcopy((src),(dest),(len))
#define	MEMZERO(dest,len)	bzero((dest),(len))

/* Hide the calls to the primitive encryption routines. */
#define	FASTWAY
#ifdef	FASTWAY
#define	DES_KEY(buf) \
	if (des_setkey(buf)) \
		bdes_err(0, "des_setkey");
#define	DES_XFORM(buf) \
	if (des_cipher(buf, buf, 0L, (inverse ? -1 : 1))) \
		bdes_err(0, "des_cipher");
#else
#define	DES_KEY(buf)	{						\
				char bits1[64];	/* bits of key */	\
				expand(buf, bits1);			\
				if (setkey(bits1))			\
					bdes_err(0, "setkey");		\
			}
#define	DES_XFORM(buf)	{						\
				char bits1[64];	/* bits of message */	\
				expand(buf, bits1);			\
				if (encrypt(bits1, inverse))		\
					bdes_err(0, "encrypt");		\
				compress(bits1, buf);			\
			}
#endif

/*
 * this does an error-checking write
 */
#define	READ(buf, n)	fread(buf, sizeof(char), n, stdin)
#define WRITE(buf,n)						\
		if (fwrite(buf, sizeof(char), n, stdout) != (size_t)n)	\
			bdes_err(bn, NULL);

/*
 * some things to make references easier
 */
typedef char Desbuf[8];
#define	CHAR(x,i)	(x[i])
#define	UCHAR(x,i)	(x[i])
#define	BUFFER(x)	(x)
#define	UBUFFER(x)	(x)

/*
 * global variables and related macros
 */
#define KEY_DEFAULT		0	/* interpret radix of key from key */
#define KEY_ASCII		1	/* key is in ASCII characters */
static int keybase = KEY_DEFAULT;	/* how to interpret the key */

static enum { 				/* encrypt, decrypt, authenticate */
	MODE_ENCRYPT, MODE_DECRYPT, MODE_AUTHENTICATE
} mode = MODE_ENCRYPT;
static enum {				/* ecb, cbc, cfb, cfba, ofb? */
	ALG_ECB, ALG_CBC, ALG_CFB, ALG_OFB, ALG_CFBA
} alg = ALG_CBC;

static Desbuf ivec;				/* initialization vector */
static const char bits[] = {				/* used to extract bits from a char */
	'\200', '\100', '\040', '\020', '\010', '\004', '\002', '\001'
};
static int inverse;				/* 0 to encrypt, 1 to decrypt */
static int macbits = -1;			/* number of bits in authentication */
static int fbbits = -1;			/* number of feedback bits */
static int pflag;				/* 1 to preserve parity bits */

static int	setbits(char *, int);
static void	bdes_err(int, const char *) __dead;
static int	tobinhex(char, int);
static void	cvtkey(char *, char *);
static void	makekey(Desbuf);
static void	ecbenc(void);
static void	ecbdec(void);
static void	cbcenc(void);
static void	cbcdec(void);
static void	cbcauth(void);
static void	cfbenc(void);
static void	cfbdec(void);
static void	cfbaenc(void);
static void	cfbadec(void);
static void	ofbenc(void);
static void	ofbdec(void);
static void	cfbauth(void);
#ifndef FASTWAY
static void	expand(Desbuf, char *);
static void	compress(char *, Desbuf);
#endif
static void	usage(void) __dead;

int
main(int ac, char *av[])
{
	register int i;			/* counter in a for loop */
	register char *p;		/* used to obtain the key */
	Desbuf msgbuf;			/* I/O buffer */
	int kflag;			/* command-line encryption key */
	int argc;			/* the real arg count */
	char **argv;			/* the real argument vector */

	/*
	 * Hide the arguments from ps(1) by making private copies of them
	 * and clobbering the global (visible to ps(1)) ones.
	 */
	argc = ac;
	ac = 1;
	argv = malloc((argc + 1) * sizeof(char *));
	for (i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
		argv[i] = strdup(av[i]);
		MEMZERO(av[i], strlen(av[i]));
	}
	argv[argc] = NULL;

	/* initialize the initialization vctor */
	MEMZERO(ivec, 8);

	/* process the argument list */
	kflag = 0;
	while ((i = getopt(argc, argv, "abdF:f:k:m:o:pv:")) != -1)
		switch(i) {
		case 'a':		/* key is ASCII */
			keybase = KEY_ASCII;
			break;
		case 'b':		/* use ECB mode */
			alg = ALG_ECB;
			break;
		case 'd':		/* decrypt */
			mode = MODE_DECRYPT;
			break;
		case 'F':		/* use alternative CFB mode */
			alg = ALG_CFBA;
			if ((fbbits = setbits(optarg, 7)) > 56 || fbbits == 0)
				bdes_err(-1,
				    "-F: number must be 1-56 inclusive");
			else if (fbbits == -1)
				bdes_err(-1,
				    "-F: number must be a multiple of 7");
			break;
		case 'f':		/* use CFB mode */
			alg = ALG_CFB;
			if ((fbbits = setbits(optarg, 8)) > 64 || fbbits == 0)
				bdes_err(-1,
				    "-f: number must be 1-64 inclusive");
			else if (fbbits == -1)
				bdes_err(-1,
				    "-f: number must be a multiple of 8");
			break;
		case 'k':		/* encryption key */
			kflag = 1;
			cvtkey(BUFFER(msgbuf), optarg);
			break;
		case 'm':		/* number of bits for MACing */
			mode = MODE_AUTHENTICATE;
			if ((macbits = setbits(optarg, 1)) > 64)
				bdes_err(-1,
				    "-m: number must be 0-64 inclusive");
			break;
		case 'o':		/* use OFB mode */
			alg = ALG_OFB;
			if ((fbbits = setbits(optarg, 8)) > 64 || fbbits == 0)
				bdes_err(-1,
				    "-o: number must be 1-64 inclusive");
			else if (fbbits == -1)
				bdes_err(-1,
				    "-o: number must be a multiple of 8");
			break;
		case 'p':		/* preserve parity bits */
			pflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'v':		/* set initialization vector */
			cvtkey(BUFFER(ivec), optarg);
			break;
		default:		/* error */
			usage();
		}

	if (!kflag) {
		/*
		 * if the key's not ASCII, assume it is
		 */
		keybase = KEY_ASCII;
		/*
		 * get the key
		 */
		p = getpass("Enter key: ");
		/*
		 * copy it, nul-padded, into the key area
		 */
		cvtkey(BUFFER(msgbuf), p);
	}

	makekey(msgbuf);
	inverse = (alg == ALG_CBC || alg == ALG_ECB) && mode == MODE_DECRYPT;

	switch(alg) {
	case ALG_CBC:
		switch(mode) {
		case MODE_AUTHENTICATE:	/* authenticate using CBC mode */
			cbcauth();
			break;
		case MODE_DECRYPT:	/* decrypt using CBC mode */
			cbcdec();
			break;
		case MODE_ENCRYPT:	/* encrypt using CBC mode */
			cbcenc();
			break;
		}
		break;
	case ALG_CFB:
		switch(mode) {
		case MODE_AUTHENTICATE:	/* authenticate using CFB mode */
			cfbauth();
			break;
		case MODE_DECRYPT:	/* decrypt using CFB mode */
			cfbdec();
			break;
		case MODE_ENCRYPT:	/* encrypt using CFB mode */
			cfbenc();
			break;
		}
		break;
	case ALG_CFBA:
		switch(mode) {
		case MODE_AUTHENTICATE:	/* authenticate using CFBA mode */
			bdes_err(-1, "can't authenticate with CFBA mode");
			break;
		case MODE_DECRYPT:	/* decrypt using CFBA mode */
			cfbadec();
			break;
		case MODE_ENCRYPT:	/* encrypt using CFBA mode */
			cfbaenc();
			break;
		}
		break;
	case ALG_ECB:
		switch(mode) {
		case MODE_AUTHENTICATE:	/* authenticate using ECB mode */
			bdes_err(-1, "can't authenticate with ECB mode");
			break;
		case MODE_DECRYPT:	/* decrypt using ECB mode */
			ecbdec();
			break;
		case MODE_ENCRYPT:	/* encrypt using ECB mode */
			ecbenc();
			break;
		}
		break;
	case ALG_OFB:
		switch(mode) {
		case MODE_AUTHENTICATE:	/* authenticate using OFB mode */
			bdes_err(-1, "can't authenticate with OFB mode");
			break;
		case MODE_DECRYPT:	/* decrypt using OFB mode */
			ofbdec();
			break;
		case MODE_ENCRYPT:	/* encrypt using OFB mode */
			ofbenc();
			break;
		}
		break;
	}
	exit(0);
}

/*
 * print a warning message and, possibly, terminate
 */
static void
bdes_err(int n, const char *s)
{
	if (n > 0)
		(void)fprintf(stderr, "bdes (block %d): ", n);
	else
		(void)fprintf(stderr, "bdes: ");
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s ? s : strerror(errno));
	exit(1);
}

/*
 * map a hex character to an integer
 */
static int
tobinhex(char c, int radix)
{
	switch(c) {
	case '0':		return(0x0);
	case '1':		return(0x1);
	case '2':		return(radix > 2 ? 0x2 : -1);
	case '3':		return(radix > 3 ? 0x3 : -1);
	case '4':		return(radix > 4 ? 0x4 : -1);
	case '5':		return(radix > 5 ? 0x5 : -1);
	case '6':		return(radix > 6 ? 0x6 : -1);
	case '7':		return(radix > 7 ? 0x7 : -1);
	case '8':		return(radix > 8 ? 0x8 : -1);
	case '9':		return(radix > 9 ? 0x9 : -1);
	case 'A': case 'a':	return(radix > 10 ? 0xa : -1);
	case 'B': case 'b':	return(radix > 11 ? 0xb : -1);
	case 'C': case 'c':	return(radix > 12 ? 0xc : -1);
	case 'D': case 'd':	return(radix > 13 ? 0xd : -1);
	case 'E': case 'e':	return(radix > 14 ? 0xe : -1);
	case 'F': case 'f':	return(radix > 15 ? 0xf : -1);
	}
	/*
	 * invalid character
	 */
	return(-1);
}

/*
 * convert the key to a bit pattern
 */
static void
cvtkey(char *obuf, char *ibuf)
{
	register int i, j;		/* counter in a for loop */
	int nbuf[64];			/* used for hex/key translation */

	/*
	 * just switch on the key base
	 */
	switch(keybase) {
	case KEY_ASCII:			/* ascii to integer */
		(void)strncpy(obuf, ibuf, 8);
		return;
	case KEY_DEFAULT:		/* tell from context */
		/*
		 * leading '0x' or '0X' == hex key
		 */
		if (ibuf[0] == '0' && (ibuf[1] == 'x' || ibuf[1] == 'X')) {
			ibuf = &ibuf[2];
			/*
			 * now translate it, bombing on any illegal hex digit
			 */
			for (i = 0; i < 16 && ibuf[i]; i++)
				if ((nbuf[i] = tobinhex(ibuf[i], 16)) == -1)
					bdes_err(-1, "bad hex digit in key");
			while (i < 16)
				nbuf[i++] = 0;
			for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
				obuf[i] =
				    ((nbuf[2*i]&0xf)<<4) | (nbuf[2*i+1]&0xf);
			/* preserve parity bits */
			pflag = 1;
			return;
		}
		/*
		 * leading '0b' or '0B' == binary key
		 */
		if (ibuf[0] == '0' && (ibuf[1] == 'b' || ibuf[1] == 'B')) {
			ibuf = &ibuf[2];
			/*
			 * now translate it, bombing on any illegal binary digit
			 */
			for (i = 0; ibuf[i] && i < 16; i++)
				if ((nbuf[i] = tobinhex(ibuf[i], 2)) == -1)
					bdes_err(-1, "bad binary digit in key");
			while (i < 64)
				nbuf[i++] = 0;
			for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
				for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
					obuf[i] = (obuf[i]<<1)|nbuf[8*i+j];
			/* preserve parity bits */
			pflag = 1;
			return;
		}
		/*
		 * no special leader -- ASCII
		 */
		(void)strncpy(obuf, ibuf, 8);
	}
}

/*
 * convert an ASCII string into a decimal number:
 * 1. must be between 0 and 64 inclusive (or 56, checked by caller)
 * 2. must be a valid decimal number
 * 3. must be a multiple of mult
 */
static int
setbits(char *s, int mult)
{
	char *p;
	int n;		/* the integer collected */

	n = strtoul(s, &p, 10);
	if (*p != 0)
		bdes_err(-1, "bad decimal digit in MAC length");
	/*
	 * be sure it's a multiple of mult
	 */
	return((n % mult != 0) ? -1 : n);
}

/*****************
 * DES FUNCTIONS *
 *****************/
/*
 * This sets the DES key and (if you're using the deszip version)
 * the direction of the transformation.  This uses the Sun
 * to map the 64-bit key onto the 56 bits that the key schedule
 * generation routines use: the old way, which just uses the user-
 * supplied 64 bits as is, and the new way, which resets the parity
 * bit to be the same as the low-order bit in each character.  The
 * new way generates a greater variety of key schedules, since many
 * systems set the parity (high) bit of each character to 0, and the
 * DES ignores the low order bit of each character.
 */
static void
makekey(Desbuf buf)
{
	register int i, j;			/* counter in a for loop */
	register int par;			/* parity counter */

	/*
	 * if the parity is not preserved, flip it
	 */
	if (!pflag) {
		for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
			par = 0;
			for (j = 1; j < 8; j++)
				if ((bits[j]&UCHAR(buf, i)) != 0)
					par++;
			if ((par&01) == 01)
				UCHAR(buf, i) = UCHAR(buf, i)&0177;
			else
				UCHAR(buf, i) = (UCHAR(buf, i)&0177)|0200;
		}
	}

	DES_KEY(UBUFFER(buf));
}

/*
 * This encrypts using the Electronic Code Book mode of DES
 */
static void
ecbenc(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* I/O buffer */

	for (bn = 0; (n = READ(BUFFER(msgbuf),  8)) == 8; bn++) {
		/*
		 * do the transformation
		 */
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		WRITE(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8);
	}
	/*
	 * at EOF or last block -- in either ase, the last byte contains
	 * the character representation of the number of bytes in it
	 */
	bn++;
	MEMZERO(&CHAR(msgbuf, n), 8 - n);
	CHAR(msgbuf, 7) = n;
	DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
	WRITE(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8);

}

/*
 * This decrypts using the Electronic Code Book mode of DES
 */
static void
ecbdec(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int c;		/* used to test for EOF */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* I/O buffer */

	for (bn = 1; (n = READ(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8)) == 8; bn++) {
		/*
		 * do the transformation
		 */
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		/*
		 * if the last one, handle it specially
		 */
		if ((c = getchar()) == EOF) {
			n = CHAR(msgbuf, 7);
			if (n < 0 || n > 7)
				bdes_err(bn,
				    "decryption failed (block corrupted)");
		}
		else
			(void)ungetc(c, stdin);
		WRITE(BUFFER(msgbuf), n);
	}
	if (n > 0)
		bdes_err(bn, "decryption failed (incomplete block)");
}

/*
 * This encrypts using the Cipher Block Chaining mode of DES
 */
static void
cbcenc(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* I/O buffer */

	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 */
	for (bn = 1; (n = READ(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8)) == 8; bn++) {
		for (n = 0; n < 8; n++)
			CHAR(msgbuf, n) ^= CHAR(ivec, n);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(ivec), BUFFER(msgbuf), 8);
		WRITE(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8);
	}
	/*
	 * at EOF or last block -- in either case, the last byte contains
	 * the character representation of the number of bytes in it
	 */
	bn++;
	MEMZERO(&CHAR(msgbuf, n), 8 - n);
	CHAR(msgbuf, 7) = n;
	for (n = 0; n < 8; n++)
		CHAR(msgbuf, n) ^= CHAR(ivec, n);
	DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
	WRITE(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8);

}

/*
 * This decrypts using the Cipher Block Chaining mode of DES
 */
static void
cbcdec(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* I/O buffer */
	Desbuf ibuf;		/* temp buffer for initialization vector */
	register int c;		/* used to test for EOF */
	register int bn;	/* block number */

	for (bn = 0; (n = READ(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8)) == 8; bn++) {
		/*
		 * do the transformation
		 */
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(ibuf), BUFFER(msgbuf), 8);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		for (c = 0; c < 8; c++)
			UCHAR(msgbuf, c) ^= UCHAR(ivec, c);
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(ivec), BUFFER(ibuf), 8);
		/*
		 * if the last one, handle it specially
		 */
		if ((c = getchar()) == EOF) {
			n = CHAR(msgbuf, 7);
			if (n < 0 || n > 7)
				bdes_err(bn,
				    "decryption failed (block corrupted)");
		}
		else
			(void)ungetc(c, stdin);
		WRITE(BUFFER(msgbuf), n);
	}
	if (n > 0)
		bdes_err(bn, "decryption failed (incomplete block)");
}

/*
 * This authenticates using the Cipher Block Chaining mode of DES
 */
static void
cbcauth(void)
{
	register int n, j;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* I/O buffer */
	Desbuf encbuf;		/* encryption buffer */

	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 * note we DISCARD the encrypted block;
	 * we only care about the last one
	 */
	while ((n = READ(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8)) == 8) {
		for (n = 0; n < 8; n++)
			CHAR(encbuf, n) = CHAR(msgbuf, n) ^ CHAR(ivec, n);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(encbuf));
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(ivec), BUFFER(encbuf), 8);
	}
	/*
	 * now compute the last one, right padding with '\0' if need be
	 */
	if (n > 0) {
		MEMZERO(&CHAR(msgbuf, n), 8 - n);
		for (n = 0; n < 8; n++)
			CHAR(encbuf, n) = CHAR(msgbuf, n) ^ CHAR(ivec, n);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(encbuf));
	}
	/*
	 * drop the bits
	 * we write chars until fewer than 7 bits,
	 * and then pad the last one with 0 bits
	 */
	for (n = 0; macbits > 7; n++, macbits -= 8)
		(void)putchar(CHAR(encbuf, n));
	if (macbits > 0) {
		CHAR(msgbuf, 0) = 0x00;
		for (j = 0; j < macbits; j++)
			CHAR(msgbuf, 0) |= (CHAR(encbuf, n)&bits[j]);
		(void)putchar(CHAR(msgbuf, 0));
	}
}

/*
 * This encrypts using the Cipher FeedBack mode of DES
 */
static void
cfbenc(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int nbytes;	/* number of bytes to read */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	char ibuf[8];		/* input buffer */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* encryption buffer */

	/*
	 * do things in bytes, not bits
	 */
	nbytes = fbbits / 8;
	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 */
	for (bn = 1; (n = READ(ibuf, nbytes)) == nbytes; bn++) {
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		for (n = 0; n < 8 - nbytes; n++)
			UCHAR(ivec, n) = UCHAR(ivec, n+nbytes);
		for (n = 0; n < nbytes; n++)
			UCHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes+n) = ibuf[n] ^ UCHAR(msgbuf, n);
		WRITE(&CHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes), nbytes);
	}
	/*
	 * at EOF or last block -- in either case, the last byte contains
	 * the character representation of the number of bytes in it
	 */
	bn++;
	MEMZERO(&ibuf[n], nbytes - n);
	ibuf[nbytes - 1] = n;
	MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
	DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
	for (n = 0; n < nbytes; n++)
		ibuf[n] ^= UCHAR(msgbuf, n);
	WRITE(ibuf, nbytes);
}

/*
 * This decrypts using the Cipher Block Chaining mode of DES
 */
static void
cfbdec(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int c;		/* used to test for EOF */
	register int nbytes;	/* number of bytes to read */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	char ibuf[8];		/* input buffer */
	char obuf[8];		/* output buffer */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* encryption buffer */

	/*
	 * do things in bytes, not bits
	 */
	nbytes = fbbits / 8;
	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 */
	for (bn = 1; (n = READ(ibuf, nbytes)) == nbytes; bn++) {
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		for (c = 0; c < 8 - nbytes; c++)
			CHAR(ivec, c) = CHAR(ivec, c+nbytes);
		for (c = 0; c < nbytes; c++) {
			CHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes+c) = ibuf[c];
			obuf[c] = ibuf[c] ^ UCHAR(msgbuf, c);
		}
		/*
		 * if the last one, handle it specially
		 */
		if ((c = getchar()) == EOF) {
			n = obuf[nbytes-1];
			if (n < 0 || n > nbytes-1)
				bdes_err(bn,
				    "decryption failed (block corrupted)");
		}
		else
			(void)ungetc(c, stdin);
		WRITE(obuf, n);
	}
	if (n > 0)
		bdes_err(bn, "decryption failed (incomplete block)");
}

/*
 * This encrypts using the alternative Cipher FeedBack mode of DES
 */
static void
cfbaenc(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int nbytes;	/* number of bytes to read */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	char ibuf[8];		/* input buffer */
	char obuf[8];		/* output buffer */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* encryption buffer */

	/*
	 * do things in bytes, not bits
	 */
	nbytes = fbbits / 7;
	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 */
	for (bn = 1; (n = READ(ibuf, nbytes)) == nbytes; bn++) {
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		for (n = 0; n < 8 - nbytes; n++)
			UCHAR(ivec, n) = UCHAR(ivec, n+nbytes);
		for (n = 0; n < nbytes; n++)
			UCHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes+n) = (ibuf[n] ^ UCHAR(msgbuf, n))
							|0200;
		for (n = 0; n < nbytes; n++)
			obuf[n] = CHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes+n)&0177;
		WRITE(obuf, nbytes);
	}
	/*
	 * at EOF or last block -- in either case, the last byte contains
	 * the character representation of the number of bytes in it
	 */
	bn++;
	MEMZERO(&ibuf[n], nbytes - n);
	ibuf[nbytes - 1] = ('0' + n)|0200;
	MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
	DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
	for (n = 0; n < nbytes; n++)
		ibuf[n] ^= UCHAR(msgbuf, n);
	WRITE(ibuf, nbytes);
}

/*
 * This decrypts using the alternative Cipher Block Chaining mode of DES
 */
static void
cfbadec(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int c;		/* used to test for EOF */
	register int nbytes;	/* number of bytes to read */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	char ibuf[8];		/* input buffer */
	char obuf[8];		/* output buffer */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* encryption buffer */

	/*
	 * do things in bytes, not bits
	 */
	nbytes = fbbits / 7;
	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 */
	for (bn = 1; (n = READ(ibuf, nbytes)) == nbytes; bn++) {
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		for (c = 0; c < 8 - nbytes; c++)
			CHAR(ivec, c) = CHAR(ivec, c+nbytes);
		for (c = 0; c < nbytes; c++) {
			CHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes+c) = ibuf[c]|0200;
			obuf[c] = (ibuf[c] ^ UCHAR(msgbuf, c))&0177;
		}
		/*
		 * if the last one, handle it specially
		 */
		if ((c = getchar()) == EOF) {
			if ((n = (obuf[nbytes-1] - '0')) < 0
						|| n > nbytes-1)
				bdes_err(bn,
				    "decryption failed (block corrupted)");
		}
		else
			(void)ungetc(c, stdin);
		WRITE(obuf, n);
	}
	if (n > 0)
		bdes_err(bn, "decryption failed (incomplete block)");
}


/*
 * This encrypts using the Output FeedBack mode of DES
 */
static void
ofbenc(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int c;		/* used to test for EOF */
	register int nbytes;	/* number of bytes to read */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	char ibuf[8];		/* input buffer */
	char obuf[8];		/* output buffer */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* encryption buffer */

	/*
	 * do things in bytes, not bits
	 */
	nbytes = fbbits / 8;
	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 */
	for (bn = 1; (n = READ(ibuf, nbytes)) == nbytes; bn++) {
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		for (n = 0; n < 8 - nbytes; n++)
			UCHAR(ivec, n) = UCHAR(ivec, n+nbytes);
		for (n = 0; n < nbytes; n++) {
			UCHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes+n) = UCHAR(msgbuf, n);
			obuf[n] = ibuf[n] ^ UCHAR(msgbuf, n);
		}
		WRITE(obuf, nbytes);
	}
	/*
	 * at EOF or last block -- in either case, the last byte contains
	 * the character representation of the number of bytes in it
	 */
	bn++;
	MEMZERO(&ibuf[n], nbytes - n);
	ibuf[nbytes - 1] = n;
	MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
	DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
	for (c = 0; c < nbytes; c++)
		ibuf[c] ^= UCHAR(msgbuf, c);
	WRITE(ibuf, nbytes);
}

/*
 * This decrypts using the Output Block Chaining mode of DES
 */
static void
ofbdec(void)
{
	register int n;		/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int c;		/* used to test for EOF */
	register int nbytes;	/* number of bytes to read */
	register int bn;	/* block number */
	char ibuf[8];		/* input buffer */
	char obuf[8];		/* output buffer */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* encryption buffer */

	/*
	 * do things in bytes, not bits
	 */
	nbytes = fbbits / 8;
	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 */
	for (bn = 1; (n = READ(ibuf, nbytes)) == nbytes; bn++) {
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		for (c = 0; c < 8 - nbytes; c++)
			CHAR(ivec, c) = CHAR(ivec, c+nbytes);
		for (c = 0; c < nbytes; c++) {
			CHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes+c) = UCHAR(msgbuf, c);
			obuf[c] = ibuf[c] ^ UCHAR(msgbuf, c);
		}
		/*
		 * if the last one, handle it specially
		 */
		if ((c = getchar()) == EOF) {
			n = obuf[nbytes-1];
			if (n < 0 || n > nbytes-1)
				bdes_err(bn,
				    "decryption failed (block corrupted)");
		}
		else
			(void)ungetc(c, stdin);
		/*
		 * dump it
		 */
		WRITE(obuf, n);
	}
	if (n > 0)
		bdes_err(bn, "decryption failed (incomplete block)");
}

/*
 * This authenticates using the Cipher FeedBack mode of DES
 */
static void
cfbauth(void)
{
	register int n, j;	/* number of bytes actually read */
	register int nbytes;	/* number of bytes to read */
	char ibuf[8];		/* input buffer */
	Desbuf msgbuf;		/* encryption buffer */

	/*
	 * do things in bytes, not bits
	 */
	nbytes = fbbits / 8;
	/*
	 * do the transformation
	 */
	while ((n = READ(ibuf, nbytes)) == nbytes) {
		MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
		for (n = 0; n < 8 - nbytes; n++)
			UCHAR(ivec, n) = UCHAR(ivec, n+nbytes);
		for (n = 0; n < nbytes; n++)
			UCHAR(ivec, 8-nbytes+n) = ibuf[n] ^ UCHAR(msgbuf, n);
	}
	/*
	 * at EOF or last block -- in either case, the last byte contains
	 * the character representation of the number of bytes in it
	 */
	MEMZERO(&ibuf[n], nbytes - n);
	ibuf[nbytes - 1] = '0' + n;
	MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf), BUFFER(ivec), 8);
	DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
	for (n = 0; n < nbytes; n++)
		ibuf[n] ^= UCHAR(msgbuf, n);
	/*
	 * drop the bits
	 * we write chars until fewer than 7 bits,
	 * and then pad the last one with 0 bits
	 */
	for (n = 0; macbits > 7; n++, macbits -= 8)
		(void)putchar(CHAR(msgbuf, n));
	if (macbits > 0) {
		CHAR(msgbuf, 0) = 0x00;
		for (j = 0; j < macbits; j++)
			CHAR(msgbuf, 0) |= (CHAR(msgbuf, n)&bits[j]);
		(void)putchar(CHAR(msgbuf, 0));
	}
}

#ifndef FASTWAY
/*
 * change from 8 bits/Uchar to 1 bit/Uchar
 */
static void
expand(Desbuf from, char *to)
{
	register int i, j;		/* counters in for loop */

	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
		for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
			*to++ = (CHAR(from, i)>>(7-j))&01;
}

/*
 * change from 1 bit/char to 8 bits/Uchar
 */
static void
compress(char *from, Desbuf to)
{
	register int i, j;		/* counters in for loop */

	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
	 	CHAR(to, i) = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
			CHAR(to, i) = ((*from++)<<(7-j))|CHAR(to, i);
	}
}
#endif

/*
 * message about usage
 */
static void
usage(void)
{

	(void) fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s %s\n", getprogname(),
	    "[-abdp] [-F bit] [-f bit] [-k key] [-m bit] [-o bit] [-v vector]");
	exit(1);
}