xref: /netbsd-src/sys/fs/tmpfs/tmpfs.h (revision aaf4ece63a859a04e37cf3a7229b5fab0157cc06)
1 /*	$NetBSD: tmpfs.h,v 1.13 2005/12/24 12:31:57 jmmv Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal, developed as part of Google's Summer of Code
9  * 2005 program.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
22  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
24  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
25  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
28  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
30  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
31  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
32  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
33  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
34  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
35  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
36  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
37  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #ifndef _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
41 #define _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
42 
43 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------
44  * KERNEL-SPECIFIC DEFINITIONS
45  * --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
46 
47 #if defined(_KERNEL)
48 
49 #include <sys/dirent.h>
50 #include <sys/mount.h>
51 #include <sys/queue.h>
52 #include <sys/vnode.h>
53 
54 #include <fs/tmpfs/tmpfs_pool.h>
55 
56 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
57 
58 /*
59  * Internal representation of a tmpfs directory entry.
60  */
61 struct tmpfs_dirent {
62 	TAILQ_ENTRY(tmpfs_dirent)	td_entries;
63 
64 	/* Length of the name stored in this directory entry.  This avoids
65 	 * the need to recalculate it every time the name is used. */
66 	uint16_t			td_namelen;
67 
68 	/* The name of the entry, allocated from a string pool.  This
69 	* string is not required to be zero-terminated; therefore, the
70 	* td_namelen field must always be used when accessing its value. */
71 	char *				td_name;
72 
73 	/* Pointer to the node this entry refers to. */
74 	struct tmpfs_node *		td_node;
75 };
76 
77 /* A directory in tmpfs holds a sorted list of directory entries, which in
78  * turn point to other files (which can be directories themselves).
79  *
80  * In tmpfs, this list is managed by a tail queue, whose head is defined by
81  * the struct tmpfs_dir type.
82  *
83  * It is imporant to notice that directories do not have entries for . and
84  * .. as other file systems do.  These can be generated when requested
85  * based on information available by other means, such as the pointer to
86  * the node itself in the former case or the pointer to the parent directory
87  * in the latter case.  This is done to simplify tmpfs's code and, more
88  * importantly, to remove redundancy. */
89 TAILQ_HEAD(tmpfs_dir, tmpfs_dirent);
90 
91 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE(dirent)	((off_t)(uintptr_t)(dirent))
92 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOT	0
93 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOTDOT	1
94 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_EOF	2
95 
96 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
97 
98 /*
99  * Internal representation of a tmpfs file system node.
100  *
101  * This structure is splitted in two parts: one holds attributes common
102  * to all file types and the other holds data that is only applicable to
103  * a particular type.  The code must be careful to only access those
104  * attributes that are actually allowed by the node's type.
105  */
106 struct tmpfs_node {
107 	/* Doubly-linked list entry which links all existing nodes for a
108 	 * single file system.  This is provided to ease the removal of
109 	 * all nodes during the unmount operation. */
110 	LIST_ENTRY(tmpfs_node)	tn_entries;
111 
112 	/* The node's type.  Any of 'VBLK', 'VCHR', 'VDIR', 'VFIFO',
113 	 * 'VLNK', 'VREG' and 'VSOCK' is allowed.  The usage of vnode
114 	 * types instead of a custom enumeration is to make things simpler
115 	 * and faster, as we do not need to convert between two types. */
116 	enum vtype		tn_type;
117 
118 	/* Node identifier. */
119 	ino_t			tn_id;
120 
121 	/* Node's internal status.  This is used by several file system
122 	 * operations to do modifications to the node in a delayed
123 	 * fashion. */
124 	int			tn_status;
125 #define	TMPFS_NODE_ACCESSED	(1 << 1)
126 #define	TMPFS_NODE_MODIFIED	(1 << 2)
127 #define	TMPFS_NODE_CHANGED	(1 << 3)
128 
129 	/* The node size.  It does not necessarily match the real amount
130 	 * of memory consumed by it. */
131 	off_t			tn_size;
132 
133 	/* Generic node attributes. */
134 	uid_t			tn_uid;
135 	gid_t			tn_gid;
136 	mode_t			tn_mode;
137 	int			tn_flags;
138 	nlink_t			tn_links;
139 	struct timespec		tn_atime;
140 	struct timespec		tn_mtime;
141 	struct timespec		tn_ctime;
142 	struct timespec		tn_birthtime;
143 	unsigned long		tn_gen;
144 
145 	/* Head of byte-level lock list (used by tmpfs_advlock). */
146 	struct lockf *		tn_lockf;
147 
148 	/* As there is a single vnode for each active file within the
149 	 * system, care has to be taken to avoid allocating more than one
150 	 * vnode per file.  In order to do this, a bidirectional association
151 	 * is kept between vnodes and nodes.
152 	 *
153 	 * Whenever a vnode is allocated, its v_data field is updated to
154 	 * point to the node it references.  At the same time, the node's
155 	 * tn_vnode field is modified to point to the new vnode representing
156 	 * it.  Further attempts to allocate a vnode for this same node will
157 	 * result in returning a new reference to the value stored in
158 	 * tn_vnode.
159 	 *
160 	 * May be NULL when the node is unused (that is, no vnode has been
161 	 * allocated for it or it has been reclaimed). */
162 	struct vnode *		tn_vnode;
163 
164 	/* Pointer to the node returned by tmpfs_lookup() after doing a
165 	 * delete or a rename lookup; its value is only valid in these two
166 	 * situations.  In case we were looking up . or .., it holds a null
167 	 * pointer. */
168 	struct tmpfs_dirent *	tn_lookup_dirent;
169 
170 	union {
171 		/* Valid when tn_type == VBLK || tn_type == VCHR. */
172 		struct {
173 			dev_t			tn_rdev;
174 		};
175 
176 		/* Valid when tn_type == VDIR. */
177 		struct {
178 			/* Pointer to the parent directory.  The root
179 			 * directory has a pointer to itself in this field;
180 			 * this property identifies the root node. */
181 			struct tmpfs_node *	tn_parent;
182 
183 			/* Head of a tail-queue that links the contents of
184 			 * the directory together.  See above for a
185 			 * description of its contents. */
186 			struct tmpfs_dir	tn_dir;
187 
188 			/* Number and pointer of the first directory entry
189 			 * returned by the readdir operation if it were
190 			 * called again to continue reading data from the
191 			 * same directory as before.  This is used to speed
192 			 * up reads of long directories, assuming that no
193 			 * more than one read is in progress at a given time.
194 			 * Otherwise, these values are discarded and a linear
195 			 * scan is performed from the beginning up to the
196 			 * point where readdir starts returning values. */
197 			off_t			tn_readdir_lastn;
198 			struct tmpfs_dirent *	tn_readdir_lastp;
199 		};
200 
201 		/* Valid when tn_type == VLNK. */
202 		struct {
203 			/* The link's target, allocated from a string pool. */
204 			char *			tn_link;
205 		};
206 
207 		/* Valid when tn_type == VREG. */
208 		struct {
209 			/* The contents of regular files stored in a tmpfs
210 			 * file system are represented by a single anonymous
211 			 * memory object (aobj, for short).  The aobj provides
212 			 * direct access to any position within the file,
213 			 * because its contents are always mapped in a
214 			 * contiguous region of virtual memory.  It is a task
215 			 * of the memory management subsystem (see uvm(9)) to
216 			 * issue the required page ins or page outs whenever
217 			 * a position within the file is accessed. */
218 			struct uvm_object *	tn_aobj;
219 			size_t			tn_aobj_pages;
220 		};
221 	};
222 };
223 LIST_HEAD(tmpfs_node_list, tmpfs_node);
224 
225 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
226 
227 /*
228  * Internal representation of a tmpfs mount point.
229  */
230 struct tmpfs_mount {
231 	/* Maximum number of memory pages available for use by the file
232 	 * system, set during mount time.  This variable must never be
233 	 * used directly as it may be bigger that the current amount of
234 	 * free memory; in the extreme case, it will hold the SIZE_MAX
235 	 * value.  Instead, use the TMPFS_PAGES_MAX macro. */
236 	size_t			tm_pages_max;
237 
238 	/* Number of pages in use by the file system.  Cannot be bigger
239 	 * than the value returned by TMPFS_PAGES_MAX in any case. */
240 	size_t			tm_pages_used;
241 
242 	/* Pointer to the node representing the root directory of this
243 	 * file system. */
244 	struct tmpfs_node *	tm_root;
245 
246 	/* Maximum number of possible nodes for this file system; set
247 	 * during mount time.  We need a hard limit on the maximum number
248 	 * of nodes to avoid allocating too much of them; their objects
249 	 * cannot be released until the file system is unmounted.
250 	 * Otherwise, we could easily run out of memory by creating lots
251 	 * of empty files and then simply removing them. */
252 	ino_t			tm_nodes_max;
253 
254 	/* Number of nodes currently allocated.  This number only grows.
255 	 * When it reaches tm_nodes_max, no more new nodes can be allocated.
256 	 * Of course, the old, unused ones can be reused. */
257 	ino_t			tm_nodes_last;
258 
259 	/* Nodes are organized in two different lists.  The used list
260 	 * contains all nodes that are currently used by the file system;
261 	 * i.e., they refer to existing files.  The available list contains
262 	 * all nodes that are currently available for use by new files.
263 	 * Nodes must be kept in this list (instead of deleting them)
264 	 * because we need to keep track of their generation number (tn_gen
265 	 * field).
266 	 *
267 	 * Note that nodes are lazily allocated: if the available list is
268 	 * empty and we have enough space to create more nodes, they will be
269 	 * created and inserted in the used list.  Once these are released,
270 	 * they will go into the available list, remaining alive until the
271 	 * file system is unmounted. */
272 	struct tmpfs_node_list	tm_nodes_used;
273 	struct tmpfs_node_list	tm_nodes_avail;
274 
275 	/* Pools used to store file system meta data.  These are not shared
276 	 * across several instances of tmpfs for the reasons described in
277 	 * tmpfs_pool.c. */
278 	struct tmpfs_pool	tm_dirent_pool;
279 	struct tmpfs_pool	tm_node_pool;
280 	struct tmpfs_str_pool	tm_str_pool;
281 };
282 
283 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
284 
285 /*
286  * This structure maps a file identifier to a tmpfs node.  Used by the
287  * NFS code.
288  */
289 struct tmpfs_fid {
290 	uint16_t		tf_len;
291 	uint16_t		tf_pad;
292 	ino_t			tf_id;
293 	unsigned long		tf_gen;
294 };
295 
296 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
297 
298 /*
299  * Prototypes for tmpfs_subr.c.
300  */
301 
302 int	tmpfs_alloc_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, enum vtype,
303 	    uid_t uid, gid_t gid, mode_t mode, struct tmpfs_node *,
304 	    char *, dev_t, struct proc *, struct tmpfs_node **);
305 void	tmpfs_free_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *);
306 int	tmpfs_alloc_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *,
307 	    const char *, uint16_t, struct tmpfs_dirent **);
308 void	tmpfs_free_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_dirent *,
309 	    boolean_t);
310 int	tmpfs_alloc_vp(struct mount *, struct tmpfs_node *, struct vnode **);
311 void	tmpfs_free_vp(struct vnode *);
312 int	tmpfs_alloc_file(struct vnode *, struct vnode **, struct vattr *,
313 	    struct componentname *, char *);
314 void	tmpfs_dir_attach(struct vnode *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
315 void	tmpfs_dir_detach(struct vnode *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
316 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookup(struct tmpfs_node *node,
317 			    struct componentname *cnp);
318 int	tmpfs_dir_getdotdent(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *);
319 int	tmpfs_dir_getdotdotdent(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *);
320 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookupbycookie(struct tmpfs_node *, off_t);
321 int	tmpfs_dir_getdents(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *, off_t *);
322 int	tmpfs_reg_resize(struct vnode *, off_t);
323 size_t	tmpfs_mem_info(boolean_t);
324 int	tmpfs_chflags(struct vnode *, int, struct ucred *, struct proc *);
325 int	tmpfs_chmod(struct vnode *, mode_t, struct ucred *, struct proc *);
326 int	tmpfs_chown(struct vnode *, uid_t, gid_t, struct ucred *,
327 	    struct proc *);
328 int	tmpfs_chsize(struct vnode *, u_quad_t, struct ucred *, struct proc *);
329 int	tmpfs_chtimes(struct vnode *, struct timespec *, struct timespec *,
330 	    int, struct ucred *, struct lwp *);
331 void	tmpfs_itimes(struct vnode *, const struct timespec *,
332 	    const struct timespec *);
333 
334 void	tmpfs_update(struct vnode *, const struct timespec *,
335 	    const struct timespec *, int);
336 int	tmpfs_truncate(struct vnode *, off_t);
337 
338 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
339 
340 /*
341  * Convenience macros to simplify some logical expressions.
342  */
343 #define IMPLIES(a, b) (!(a) || (b))
344 #define IFF(a, b) (IMPLIES(a, b) && IMPLIES(b, a))
345 
346 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
347 
348 /*
349  * Checks that the directory entry pointed by 'de' matches the name 'name'
350  * with a length of 'len'.
351  */
352 #define TMPFS_DIRENT_MATCHES(de, name, len) \
353     (de->td_namelen == (uint16_t)len && \
354     memcmp((de)->td_name, (name), (de)->td_namelen) == 0)
355 
356 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
357 
358 /*
359  * Ensures that the node pointed by 'node' is a directory and that its
360  * contents are consistent with respect to directories.
361  */
362 #define TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node) \
363     KASSERT((node)->tn_type == VDIR); \
364     KASSERT((node)->tn_size % sizeof(struct tmpfs_dirent) == 0); \
365     KASSERT((node)->tn_readdir_lastp == NULL || \
366 	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE((node)->tn_readdir_lastp) == (node)->tn_readdir_lastn);
367 
368 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
369 
370 /*
371  * Memory management stuff.
372  */
373 
374 /* Amount of memory pages to reserve for the system (e.g., to not use by
375  * tmpfs).
376  * XXX: Should this be tunable through sysctl, for instance? */
377 #define TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED (4 * 1024 * 1024 / PAGE_SIZE)
378 
379 /* Returns the maximum size allowed for a tmpfs file system.  This macro
380  * must be used instead of directly retrieving the value from tm_pages_max.
381  * The reason is that the size of a tmpfs file system is dynamic: it lets
382  * the user store files as long as there is enough free memory (including
383  * physical memory and swap space).  Therefore, the amount of memory to be
384  * used is either the limit imposed by the user during mount time or the
385  * amount of available memory, whichever is lower.  To avoid consuming all
386  * the memory for a given mount point, the system will always reserve a
387  * minimum of TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED pages, which is also taken into account
388  * by this macro (see above). */
389 static inline size_t
390 TMPFS_PAGES_MAX(struct tmpfs_mount *tmp)
391 {
392 	size_t freepages;
393 
394 	freepages = tmpfs_mem_info(FALSE);
395 	if (freepages < TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED)
396 		freepages = 0;
397 	else
398 		freepages -= TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED;
399 
400 	return MIN(tmp->tm_pages_max, freepages + tmp->tm_pages_used);
401 }
402 
403 /* Returns the available space for the given file system. */
404 #define TMPFS_PAGES_AVAIL(tmp) (TMPFS_PAGES_MAX(tmp) - (tmp)->tm_pages_used)
405 
406 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
407 
408 /*
409  * Macros/functions to convert from generic data structures to tmpfs
410  * specific ones.
411  */
412 
413 static inline
414 struct tmpfs_mount *
415 VFS_TO_TMPFS(struct mount *mp)
416 {
417 	struct tmpfs_mount *tmp;
418 
419 	KASSERT((mp) != NULL && (mp)->mnt_data != NULL);
420 	tmp = (struct tmpfs_mount *)(mp)->mnt_data;
421 	return tmp;
422 }
423 
424 static inline
425 struct tmpfs_node *
426 VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(struct vnode *vp)
427 {
428 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
429 
430 	KASSERT((vp) != NULL && (vp)->v_data != NULL);
431 	node = (struct tmpfs_node *)vp->v_data;
432 	return node;
433 }
434 
435 static inline
436 struct tmpfs_node *
437 VP_TO_TMPFS_DIR(struct vnode *vp)
438 {
439 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
440 
441 	node = VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(vp);
442 	TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node);
443 	return node;
444 }
445 
446 #endif /* _KERNEL */
447 
448 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------
449  * USER AND KERNEL DEFINITIONS
450  * --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
451 
452 /*
453  * This structure is used to communicate mount parameters between userland
454  * and kernel space.
455  */
456 #define TMPFS_ARGS_VERSION	1
457 struct tmpfs_args {
458 	int			ta_version;
459 
460 	/* Size counters. */
461 	ino_t			ta_nodes_max;
462 	off_t			ta_size_max;
463 
464 	/* Root node attributes. */
465 	uid_t			ta_root_uid;
466 	gid_t			ta_root_gid;
467 	mode_t			ta_root_mode;
468 };
469 #endif /* _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_ */
470