xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libpam/modules/pam_unix/pam_unix.c (revision aa73cae19608873cc4d1f712c4a0f8f8435f1ffa)
1 /*	$NetBSD: pam_unix.c,v 1.5 2005/02/26 02:57:32 thorpej Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright 1998 Juniper Networks, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  * Copyright (c) 2002-2003 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * Portions of this software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by
10  * ThinkSec AS and NAI Labs, the Security Research Division of Network
11  * Associates, Inc.  under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035
12  * ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS research program.
13  *
14  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
15  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
16  * are met:
17  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
19  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
20  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
21  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
22  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
23  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
24  *    permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
41 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/lib/libpam/modules/pam_unix/pam_unix.c,v 1.49 2004/02/10 10:13:21 des Exp $");
42 #else
43 __RCSID("$NetBSD: pam_unix.c,v 1.5 2005/02/26 02:57:32 thorpej Exp $");
44 #endif
45 
46 
47 #include <sys/types.h>
48 
49 #include <ctype.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <fcntl.h>
52 #include <pwd.h>
53 #include <grp.h>
54 #include <limits.h>
55 #include <stdlib.h>
56 #include <string.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <login_cap.h>
59 #include <time.h>
60 #include <tzfile.h>
61 #include <unistd.h>
62 
63 #include <util.h>
64 
65 #ifdef YP
66 #include <rpc/rpc.h>
67 #include <rpcsvc/ypclnt.h>
68 #include <rpcsvc/yppasswd.h>
69 #endif
70 
71 #define PAM_SM_AUTH
72 #define PAM_SM_ACCOUNT
73 #define	PAM_SM_PASSWORD
74 
75 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
76 #include <security/pam_modules.h>
77 #include <security/pam_mod_misc.h>
78 
79 /*
80  * authentication management
81  */
82 PAM_EXTERN int
83 /*ARGSUSED*/
84 pam_sm_authenticate(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags __unused,
85     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
86 {
87 	login_cap_t *lc;
88 	struct passwd *pwd;
89 	int retval;
90 	const char *pass, *user, *realpw;
91 
92 	if (openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_AUTH_AS_SELF)) {
93 		pwd = getpwnam(getlogin());
94 	} else {
95 		retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
96 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
97 			return (retval);
98 		PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
99 		pwd = getpwnam(user);
100 	}
101 
102 	if (pwd != NULL) {
103 		PAM_LOG("Doing real authentication");
104 		realpw = pwd->pw_passwd;
105 		if (realpw[0] == '\0') {
106 			if (!(flags & PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK) &&
107 			    openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_NULLOK))
108 				return (PAM_SUCCESS);
109 			realpw = "*";
110 		}
111 		lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
112 	} else {
113 		PAM_LOG("Doing dummy authentication");
114 		realpw = "*";
115 		lc = login_getclass(NULL);
116 	}
117 	retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh, PAM_AUTHTOK, &pass, NULL);
118 	login_close(lc);
119 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
120 		return (retval);
121 	PAM_LOG("Got password");
122 	if (strcmp(crypt(pass, realpw), realpw) == 0)
123 		return (PAM_SUCCESS);
124 
125 	PAM_VERBOSE_ERROR("UNIX authentication refused");
126 	return (PAM_AUTH_ERR);
127 }
128 
129 PAM_EXTERN int
130 /*ARGSUSED*/
131 pam_sm_setcred(pam_handle_t *pamh __unused, int flags __unused,
132     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
133 {
134 
135 	return (PAM_SUCCESS);
136 }
137 
138 /*
139  * account management
140  */
141 PAM_EXTERN int
142 /*ARGSUSED*/
143 pam_sm_acct_mgmt(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags __unused,
144     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
145 {
146 	struct passwd *pwd;
147 	struct timeval now;
148 	login_cap_t *lc;
149 	time_t warntime;
150 	int retval;
151 	const char *user;
152 
153 	retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
154 	if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
155 		return (retval);
156 
157 	if (user == NULL || (pwd = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
158 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
159 
160 	PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
161 
162 	if (*pwd->pw_passwd == '\0' &&
163 	    (flags & PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK) != 0)
164 		return (PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD);
165 
166 	lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
167 	if (lc == NULL) {
168 		PAM_LOG("Unable to get login class for user %s", user);
169 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
170 	}
171 
172 	PAM_LOG("Got login_cap");
173 
174 	if (pwd->pw_change || pwd->pw_expire)
175 		(void) gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
176 
177 	warntime = (time_t)login_getcaptime(lc, "password-warn",
178 	    (quad_t)(_PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY),
179 	    (quad_t)(_PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY));
180 
181 	/*
182 	 * Check pw_expire before pw_change - no point in letting the
183 	 * user change the password on an expired account.
184 	 */
185 
186 	if (pwd->pw_expire) {
187 		if (now.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_expire) {
188 			login_close(lc);
189 			return (PAM_ACCT_EXPIRED);
190 		} else if (pwd->pw_expire - now.tv_sec < warntime &&
191 		    (flags & PAM_SILENT) == 0) {
192 			pam_error(pamh, "Warning: your account expires on %s",
193 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
194 		}
195 	}
196 
197 	if (pwd->pw_change) {
198 		/* XXX How to handle _PASSWORD_CHGNOW?  --thorpej */
199 		if (now.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_change) {
200 			login_close(lc);
201 			return (PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD);
202 		} else if (pwd->pw_change - now.tv_sec < warntime &&
203 		    (flags & PAM_SILENT) == 0) {
204 			pam_error(pamh, "Warning: your password expires on %s",
205 			    ctime(&pwd->pw_change));
206 		}
207 	}
208 
209 	login_close(lc);
210 
211 	return (PAM_SUCCESS);
212 }
213 
214 #ifdef YP
215 /*
216  * yp_check_user:
217  *
218  *	Helper function; check that a user exists in the NIS
219  *	password map.
220  */
221 static int
222 yp_check_user(const char *domain, const char *user)
223 {
224 	char *val;
225 	int reason, vallen;
226 
227 	val = NULL;
228 	reason = yp_match(domain, "passwd.byname", user, (int)strlen(user),
229 	    &val, &vallen);
230 	if (reason != 0) {
231 		if (val != NULL)
232 			free(val);
233 		return (0);
234 	}
235 	free(val);
236 	return (1);
237 }
238 
239 static int
240 /*ARGSUSED*/
241 yp_set_password(pam_handle_t *pamh, struct passwd *opwd,
242     struct passwd *pwd, const char *old_pass, const char *domain)
243 {
244 	char *master;
245 	int r, rpcport, status;
246 	struct yppasswd yppwd;
247 	CLIENT *client;
248 	uid_t uid;
249 	int retval = PAM_SERVICE_ERR;
250 	struct timeval tv;
251 
252 	/*
253 	 * Find the master for the passwd map; it should be running
254 	 * rpc.yppasswdd.
255 	 */
256 	if ((r = yp_master(domain, "passwd.byname", &master)) != 0) {
257 		pam_error(pamh, "Can't find master NIS server.  Reason: %s",
258 		    yperr_string(r));
259 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
260 	}
261 
262 	/*
263 	 * Ask the portmapper for the port of rpc.yppasswdd.
264 	 */
265 	if ((rpcport = getrpcport(master, YPPASSWDPROG,
266 				  YPPASSWDPROC_UPDATE, IPPROTO_UDP)) == 0) {
267 		pam_error(pamh,
268 		    "Master NIS server not runing yppasswd daemon.\n\t"
269 		    "Can't change NIS password.");
270 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
271 	}
272 
273 	/*
274 	 * Be sure the port is privileged.
275 	 */
276 	if (rpcport >= IPPORT_RESERVED) {
277 		pam_error(pamh, "yppasswd daemon is on an invalid port.");
278 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
279 	}
280 
281 	uid = getuid();
282 	if (uid != 0 && uid != pwd->pw_uid) {
283 		pam_error(pamh, "You may only change your own password: %s",
284 		    strerror(EACCES));
285 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
286 	}
287 
288 	/*
289 	 * Fill in the yppasswd structure for yppasswdd.
290 	 */
291 	memset(&yppwd, 0, sizeof(yppwd));
292 	yppwd.oldpass = strdup(old_pass);
293 	if ((yppwd.newpw.pw_passwd = strdup(pwd->pw_passwd)) == NULL)
294 		goto malloc_failure;
295 	if ((yppwd.newpw.pw_name = strdup(pwd->pw_name)) == NULL)
296 		goto malloc_failure;
297 	yppwd.newpw.pw_uid = pwd->pw_uid;
298 	yppwd.newpw.pw_gid = pwd->pw_gid;
299 	if ((yppwd.newpw.pw_gecos = strdup(pwd->pw_gecos)) == NULL)
300 		goto malloc_failure;
301 	if ((yppwd.newpw.pw_dir = strdup(pwd->pw_dir)) == NULL)
302 		goto malloc_failure;
303 	if ((yppwd.newpw.pw_shell = strdup(pwd->pw_shell)) == NULL)
304 		goto malloc_failure;
305 
306 	client = clnt_create(master, YPPASSWDPROG, YPPASSWDVERS, "udp");
307 	if (client == NULL) {
308 		pam_error(pamh, "Can't contact yppasswdd on %s: Reason: %s",
309 		    master, yperr_string(YPERR_YPBIND));
310 		goto out;
311 	}
312 
313 	client->cl_auth = authunix_create_default();
314 	tv.tv_sec = 2;
315 	tv.tv_usec = 0;
316 	r = clnt_call(client, YPPASSWDPROC_UPDATE,
317 	    xdr_yppasswd, &yppwd, xdr_int, &status, tv);
318 	if (r)
319 		pam_error(pamh, "RPC to yppasswdd failed.");
320 	else if (status)
321 		pam_error(pamh, "Couldn't change NIS password.");
322 	else {
323 		pam_info(pamh, "The NIS password has been changed on %s, "
324 		    "the master NIS passwd server.", master);
325 		retval = PAM_SUCCESS;
326 	}
327 
328  out:
329 	if (yppwd.oldpass != NULL)
330 		free(yppwd.oldpass);
331 	if (yppwd.newpw.pw_passwd != NULL)
332 		free(yppwd.newpw.pw_passwd);
333 	if (yppwd.newpw.pw_name != NULL)
334 		free(yppwd.newpw.pw_name);
335 	if (yppwd.newpw.pw_gecos != NULL)
336 		free(yppwd.newpw.pw_gecos);
337 	if (yppwd.newpw.pw_dir != NULL)
338 		free(yppwd.newpw.pw_dir);
339 	if (yppwd.newpw.pw_shell != NULL)
340 		free(yppwd.newpw.pw_shell);
341 	return (retval);
342 
343  malloc_failure:
344 	pam_error(pamh, "memory allocation failure");
345 	goto out;
346 }
347 #endif /* YP */
348 
349 static int
350 local_set_password(pam_handle_t *pamh, struct passwd *opwd,
351     struct passwd *pwd)
352 {
353 	char errbuf[200];
354 	int tfd, pfd;
355 
356 	pw_init();
357 	tfd = pw_lock(0);
358 	if (tfd < 0) {
359 		pam_error(pamh, "The password file is busy, waiting...");
360 		tfd = pw_lock(10);
361 		if (tfd < 0) {
362 			pam_error(pamh, "The password file is still busy, "
363 			    "try again later.");
364 			return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
365 		}
366 	}
367 
368 	pfd = open(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD, O_RDONLY, 0);
369 	if (pfd < 0) {
370 		pam_error(pamh, "%s: %s", _PATH_MASTERPASSWD, strerror(errno));
371 		pw_abort();
372 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
373 	}
374 
375 	if (pw_copyx(pfd, tfd, pwd, opwd, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf)) == 0) {
376 		pam_error(pamh, "Unable to update password entry: %s",
377 		    errbuf);
378 		pw_abort();
379 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
380 	}
381 
382 	if (pw_mkdb(pwd->pw_name, opwd->pw_change == pwd->pw_change) < 0) {
383 		pam_error(pamh, "Unable to rebuild local password database.");
384 		pw_abort();
385 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
386 	}
387 
388 	return (PAM_SUCCESS);
389 }
390 
391 /*
392  * password management
393  *
394  * standard Unix and NIS password changing
395  */
396 PAM_EXTERN int
397 /*ARGSUSED*/
398 pam_sm_chauthtok(pam_handle_t *pamh, int flags,
399     int argc __unused, const char *argv[] __unused)
400 {
401 	struct passwd *pwd, old_pwd;
402 	login_cap_t *lc;
403 	const char *user, *passwd_db, *new_pass, *old_pass, *p;
404 	int retval, tries, min_pw_len = 0, pw_expiry = 0;
405 	char salt[_PASSWORD_LEN+1];
406 #ifdef YP
407 	char *domain;
408 	int r;
409 #endif
410 
411 	if (openpam_get_option(pamh, PAM_OPT_AUTH_AS_SELF))
412 		pwd = getpwnam(getlogin());
413 	else {
414 		retval = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL);
415 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
416 			return (retval);
417 		pwd = getpwnam(user);
418 	}
419 
420 	if (pwd == NULL)
421 		return (PAM_AUTHTOK_RECOVERY_ERR);
422 
423 	old_pwd = *pwd;
424 
425 	PAM_LOG("Got user: %s", user);
426 
427 	/*
428 	 * Determine which password type we're going to change, and
429 	 * remember it.
430 	 *
431 	 * NOTE: domain does not need to be freed; its storage is
432 	 * allocated statically in libc.
433 	 */
434 	passwd_db = openpam_get_option(pamh, "passwd_db");
435 	if (passwd_db == NULL) {
436 #ifdef YP
437 		/* Prefer YP, if configured. */
438 		if (_yp_check(NULL)) {
439 			/* If _yp_check() succeeded, then this must. */
440 			if ((r = yp_get_default_domain(&domain)) != 0) {
441 				pam_error(pamh,
442 				    "Unable to get NIS domain, reason: %s",
443 				    yperr_string(r));
444 				return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
445 			}
446 			if (yp_check_user(domain, user))
447 				passwd_db = "nis";
448 		}
449 #endif
450 		/* Otherwise we always use local files. */
451 		if (passwd_db == NULL) {
452 			/* XXX Any validation to do here? */
453 			passwd_db = "files";
454 		}
455 
456 		if (passwd_db == NULL) {
457 			pam_error(pamh, "Unable to determine Unix password DB");
458 			return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
459 		} else if ((retval = openpam_set_option(pamh, "passwd_db",
460 						passwd_db)) != PAM_SUCCESS) {
461 			return (retval);
462 		}
463 	} else {
464 		/* Check to see if the specified password DB is usable. */
465 #ifdef YP
466 		if (strcmp(passwd_db, "nis") == 0) {
467 			if (_yp_check(NULL) == 0) {
468 				pam_error(pamh, "NIS not in use.");
469 				return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
470 			}
471 			if ((r = yp_get_default_domain(&domain)) != 0) {
472 				pam_error(pamh,
473 				    "Unable to get NIS domain, reason: %s",
474 				    yperr_string(r));
475 				return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
476 			}
477 			if (yp_check_user(domain, user) == 0) {
478 				pam_error(pamh,
479 				    "User %s does not exist in NIS.", user);
480 				return (PAM_USER_UNKNOWN);
481 			}
482 			goto known_passwd_db;
483 		}
484 #endif
485 		if (strcmp(passwd_db, "files") == 0) {
486 			/* XXX Any validation to do here? */
487 			goto known_passwd_db;
488 		}
489 		pam_error(pamh, "Unknown Unix password DB: %s", passwd_db);
490 		return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
491 	}
492  known_passwd_db:
493 
494 	if (flags & PAM_PRELIM_CHECK) {
495 		PAM_LOG("PRELIM round");
496 
497 		if (strcmp(passwd_db, "files") == 0) {
498 			if (getuid() == 0) {
499 				/* Root doesn't need the old password. */
500 				return (pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, ""));
501 			}
502 		}
503 
504 		if (pwd->pw_passwd[0] == '\0') {
505 			/*
506 			 * No password case.
507 			 * XXX Are we giviing too much away by not prompting
508 			 * XXX for a password?
509 			 * XXX Check PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK
510 			 */
511 			return (pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, ""));
512 		} else {
513 			retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh, PAM_OLDAUTHTOK,
514 			    &old_pass, NULL);
515 			if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
516 				return (retval);
517 			if (strcmp(crypt(old_pass, pwd->pw_passwd),
518 				   pwd->pw_passwd) != 0)
519 				return (PAM_PERM_DENIED);
520 			return (PAM_SUCCESS);
521 		}
522 	}
523 
524 	if (flags & PAM_UPDATE_AUTHTOK) {
525 		char option[LINE_MAX], *key, *opt;
526 
527 		PAM_LOG("UPDATE round");
528 
529 		if ((lc = login_getclass(pwd->pw_class)) != NULL) {
530 			min_pw_len = (int) login_getcapnum(lc,
531 			    "minpasswordlen", (quad_t)0, (quad_t)0);
532 			pw_expiry = (int) login_getcapnum(lc,
533 			    "passwordtime", (quad_t)0, (quad_t)0);
534 			login_close(lc);
535 		}
536 
537 		retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh, PAM_OLDAUTHTOK, &old_pass, NULL);
538 		if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS)
539 			return (retval);
540 
541 		/* Get the new password. */
542 		for (tries = 0;;) {
543 			retval = pam_get_authtok(pamh, PAM_AUTHTOK, &new_pass,
544 			    NULL);
545 			if (retval == PAM_TRY_AGAIN) {
546 				pam_error(pamh,
547 				    "Mismatch; try again, EOF to quit.");
548 				continue;
549 			}
550 			if (retval != PAM_SUCCESS) {
551 				PAM_VERBOSE_ERROR("Unable to get new password");
552 				return (retval);
553 			}
554 			/* Successfully got new password. */
555 			if (new_pass[0] == '\0') {
556 				pam_info(pamh, "Password unchanged.");
557 				return (PAM_SUCCESS);
558 			}
559 			if (min_pw_len > 0 && strlen(new_pass) < min_pw_len) {
560 				pam_error(pamh, "Password is too short.");
561 				continue;
562 			}
563 			if (strlen(new_pass) <= 5 && ++tries < 2) {
564 				pam_error(pamh,
565 				    "Please enter a longer password.");
566 				continue;
567 			}
568 			for (p = new_pass; *p && islower((unsigned char)*p); ++p);
569 			if (!*p && ++tries < 2) {
570 				pam_error(pamh,
571 				    "Please don't use an all-lower case "
572 				    "password.\nUnusual capitalization, "
573 				    "control characters or digits are "
574 				    "suggested.");
575 				continue;
576 			}
577 			/* Password is OK. */
578 			break;
579 		}
580 		pw_getpwconf(option, sizeof(option), pwd,
581 #ifdef YP
582 		    strcmp(passwd_db, "nis") == 0 ? "ypcipher" :
583 #endif
584 		    "localcipher");
585 		opt = option;
586 		key = strsep(&opt, ",");
587 
588 		if (pw_gensalt(salt, _PASSWORD_LEN, key, opt) == -1) {
589 			pam_error(pamh, "Couldn't generate salt.");
590 			return (PAM_SERVICE_ERR);
591 		}
592 
593 		pwd->pw_passwd = crypt(new_pass, salt);
594 		pwd->pw_change = pw_expiry ? pw_expiry + time(NULL) : 0;
595 
596 		retval = PAM_SERVICE_ERR;
597 		if (strcmp(passwd_db, "files") == 0)
598 			retval = local_set_password(pamh, &old_pwd, pwd);
599 #ifdef YP
600 		if (strcmp(passwd_db, "nis") == 0)
601 			retval = yp_set_password(pamh, &old_pwd, pwd, old_pass,
602 			    domain);
603 #endif
604 		return (retval);
605 	}
606 
607 	PAM_LOG("Illegal flags argument");
608 	return (PAM_ABORT);
609 }
610 
611 PAM_MODULE_ENTRY("pam_unix");
612