xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/stdlib/getopt_long.c (revision 8b0f9554ff8762542c4defc4f70e1eb76fb508fa)
1 /*	$NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.24 2007/11/09 03:29:20 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
33 #include "nbtool_config.h"
34 #endif
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.24 2007/11/09 03:29:20 christos Exp $");
39 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
40 
41 #include "namespace.h"
42 
43 #include <assert.h>
44 #include <err.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
47 #include "compat_getopt.h"
48 #else
49 #include <getopt.h>
50 #endif
51 #include <stdlib.h>
52 #include <string.h>
53 
54 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H && !HAVE_GETOPT_LONG && !HAVE_DECL_OPTIND
55 #define REPLACE_GETOPT
56 #endif
57 
58 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
59 #ifdef __weak_alias
60 __weak_alias(getopt,_getopt)
61 #endif
62 int	opterr = 1;		/* if error message should be printed */
63 int	optind = 1;		/* index into parent argv vector */
64 int	optopt = '?';		/* character checked for validity */
65 int	optreset;		/* reset getopt */
66 char    *optarg;		/* argument associated with option */
67 #elif HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H && !HAVE_DECL_OPTRESET
68 static int optreset;
69 #endif
70 
71 #ifdef __weak_alias
72 __weak_alias(getopt_long,_getopt_long)
73 #endif
74 
75 #define IGNORE_FIRST	(*options == '-' || *options == '+')
76 #define PRINT_ERROR	((opterr) && ((*options != ':') \
77 				      || (IGNORE_FIRST && options[1] != ':')))
78 #define IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL)
79 #define PERMUTE         (!IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT && !IGNORE_FIRST)
80 /* XXX: GNU ignores PC if *options == '-' */
81 #define IN_ORDER        (!IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT && *options == '-')
82 
83 /* return values */
84 #define	BADCH	(int)'?'
85 #define	BADARG		((IGNORE_FIRST && options[1] == ':') \
86 			 || (*options == ':') ? (int)':' : (int)'?')
87 #define INORDER (int)1
88 
89 #define	EMSG	""
90 
91 static int getopt_internal __P((int, char **, const char *));
92 static int gcd __P((int, int));
93 static void permute_args __P((int, int, int, char **));
94 
95 static const char *place = EMSG; /* option letter processing */
96 
97 /* XXX: set optreset to 1 rather than these two */
98 static int nonopt_start = -1; /* first non option argument (for permute) */
99 static int nonopt_end = -1;   /* first option after non options (for permute) */
100 
101 /* Error messages */
102 static const char recargchar[] = "option requires an argument -- %c";
103 static const char recargstring[] = "option requires an argument -- %s";
104 static const char ambig[] = "ambiguous option -- %.*s";
105 static const char noarg[] = "option doesn't take an argument -- %.*s";
106 static const char illoptchar[] = "unknown option -- %c";
107 static const char illoptstring[] = "unknown option -- %s";
108 
109 
110 /*
111  * Compute the greatest common divisor of a and b.
112  */
113 static int
114 gcd(a, b)
115 	int a;
116 	int b;
117 {
118 	int c;
119 
120 	c = a % b;
121 	while (c != 0) {
122 		a = b;
123 		b = c;
124 		c = a % b;
125 	}
126 
127 	return b;
128 }
129 
130 /*
131  * Exchange the block from nonopt_start to nonopt_end with the block
132  * from nonopt_end to opt_end (keeping the same order of arguments
133  * in each block).
134  */
135 static void
136 permute_args(panonopt_start, panonopt_end, opt_end, nargv)
137 	int panonopt_start;
138 	int panonopt_end;
139 	int opt_end;
140 	char **nargv;
141 {
142 	int cstart, cyclelen, i, j, ncycle, nnonopts, nopts, pos;
143 	char *swap;
144 
145 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
146 
147 	/*
148 	 * compute lengths of blocks and number and size of cycles
149 	 */
150 	nnonopts = panonopt_end - panonopt_start;
151 	nopts = opt_end - panonopt_end;
152 	ncycle = gcd(nnonopts, nopts);
153 	cyclelen = (opt_end - panonopt_start) / ncycle;
154 
155 	for (i = 0; i < ncycle; i++) {
156 		cstart = panonopt_end+i;
157 		pos = cstart;
158 		for (j = 0; j < cyclelen; j++) {
159 			if (pos >= panonopt_end)
160 				pos -= nnonopts;
161 			else
162 				pos += nopts;
163 			swap = nargv[pos];
164 			nargv[pos] = nargv[cstart];
165 			nargv[cstart] = swap;
166 		}
167 	}
168 }
169 
170 /*
171  * getopt_internal --
172  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.  Called by user level routines.
173  *  Returns -2 if -- is found (can be long option or end of options marker).
174  */
175 static int
176 getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)
177 	int nargc;
178 	char **nargv;
179 	const char *options;
180 {
181 	char *oli;				/* option letter list index */
182 	int optchar;
183 
184 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
185 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
186 
187 	optarg = NULL;
188 
189 	/*
190 	 * XXX Some programs (like rsyncd) expect to be able to
191 	 * XXX re-initialize optind to 0 and have getopt_long(3)
192 	 * XXX properly function again.  Work around this braindamage.
193 	 */
194 	if (optind == 0)
195 		optind = 1;
196 
197 	if (optreset)
198 		nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
199 start:
200 	if (optreset || !*place) {		/* update scanning pointer */
201 		optreset = 0;
202 		if (optind >= nargc) {          /* end of argument vector */
203 			place = EMSG;
204 			if (nonopt_end != -1) {
205 				/* do permutation, if we have to */
206 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
207 				    optind, nargv);
208 				optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
209 			}
210 			else if (nonopt_start != -1) {
211 				/*
212 				 * If we skipped non-options, set optind
213 				 * to the first of them.
214 				 */
215 				optind = nonopt_start;
216 			}
217 			nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
218 			return -1;
219 		}
220 		if ((*(place = nargv[optind]) != '-')
221 		    || (place[1] == '\0')) {    /* found non-option */
222 			place = EMSG;
223 			if (IN_ORDER) {
224 				/*
225 				 * GNU extension:
226 				 * return non-option as argument to option 1
227 				 */
228 				optarg = nargv[optind++];
229 				return INORDER;
230 			}
231 			if (!PERMUTE) {
232 				/*
233 				 * if no permutation wanted, stop parsing
234 				 * at first non-option
235 				 */
236 				return -1;
237 			}
238 			/* do permutation */
239 			if (nonopt_start == -1)
240 				nonopt_start = optind;
241 			else if (nonopt_end != -1) {
242 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
243 				    optind, nargv);
244 				nonopt_start = optind -
245 				    (nonopt_end - nonopt_start);
246 				nonopt_end = -1;
247 			}
248 			optind++;
249 			/* process next argument */
250 			goto start;
251 		}
252 		if (nonopt_start != -1 && nonopt_end == -1)
253 			nonopt_end = optind;
254 		if (place[1] && *++place == '-') {	/* found "--" */
255 			place++;
256 			return -2;
257 		}
258 	}
259 	if ((optchar = (int)*place++) == (int)':' ||
260 	    (oli = strchr(options + (IGNORE_FIRST ? 1 : 0), optchar)) == NULL) {
261 		/* option letter unknown or ':' */
262 		if (!*place)
263 			++optind;
264 		if (PRINT_ERROR)
265 			warnx(illoptchar, optchar);
266 		optopt = optchar;
267 		return BADCH;
268 	}
269 	if (optchar == 'W' && oli[1] == ';') {		/* -W long-option */
270 		/* XXX: what if no long options provided (called by getopt)? */
271 		if (*place)
272 			return -2;
273 
274 		if (++optind >= nargc) {	/* no arg */
275 			place = EMSG;
276 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
277 				warnx(recargchar, optchar);
278 			optopt = optchar;
279 			return BADARG;
280 		} else				/* white space */
281 			place = nargv[optind];
282 		/*
283 		 * Handle -W arg the same as --arg (which causes getopt to
284 		 * stop parsing).
285 		 */
286 		return -2;
287 	}
288 	if (*++oli != ':') {			/* doesn't take argument */
289 		if (!*place)
290 			++optind;
291 	} else {				/* takes (optional) argument */
292 		optarg = NULL;
293 		if (*place)			/* no white space */
294 			optarg = __UNCONST(place);
295 		/* XXX: disable test for :: if PC? (GNU doesn't) */
296 		else if (oli[1] != ':') {	/* arg not optional */
297 			if (++optind >= nargc) {	/* no arg */
298 				place = EMSG;
299 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
300 					warnx(recargchar, optchar);
301 				optopt = optchar;
302 				return BADARG;
303 			} else
304 				optarg = nargv[optind];
305 		}
306 		place = EMSG;
307 		++optind;
308 	}
309 	/* dump back option letter */
310 	return optchar;
311 }
312 
313 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
314 /*
315  * getopt --
316  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
317  *
318  * [eventually this will replace the real getopt]
319  */
320 int
321 getopt(nargc, nargv, options)
322 	int nargc;
323 	char * const *nargv;
324 	const char *options;
325 {
326 	int retval;
327 
328 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
329 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
330 
331 	retval = getopt_internal(nargc, __UNCONST(nargv), options);
332 	if (retval == -2) {
333 		++optind;
334 		/*
335 		 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped non-options,
336 		 * we have to permute.
337 		 */
338 		if (nonopt_end != -1) {
339 			permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, optind,
340 				       nargv);
341 			optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
342 		}
343 		nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
344 		retval = -1;
345 	}
346 	return retval;
347 }
348 #endif
349 
350 /*
351  * getopt_long --
352  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
353  */
354 int
355 getopt_long(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx)
356 	int nargc;
357 	char * const *nargv;
358 	const char *options;
359 	const struct option *long_options;
360 	int *idx;
361 {
362 	int retval;
363 
364 #define IDENTICAL_INTERPRETATION(_x, _y)				\
365 	(long_options[(_x)].has_arg == long_options[(_y)].has_arg &&	\
366 	 long_options[(_x)].flag == long_options[(_y)].flag &&		\
367 	 long_options[(_x)].val == long_options[(_y)].val)
368 
369 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
370 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
371 	_DIAGASSERT(long_options != NULL);
372 	/* idx may be NULL */
373 
374 	retval = getopt_internal(nargc, __UNCONST(nargv), options);
375 	if (retval == -2) {
376 		char *current_argv, *has_equal;
377 		size_t current_argv_len;
378 		int i, ambiguous, match;
379 
380 		current_argv = __UNCONST(place);
381 		match = -1;
382 		ambiguous = 0;
383 
384 		optind++;
385 		place = EMSG;
386 
387 		if (*current_argv == '\0') {		/* found "--" */
388 			/*
389 			 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped
390 			 * non-options, we have to permute.
391 			 */
392 			if (nonopt_end != -1) {
393 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
394 				    optind, __UNCONST(nargv));
395 				optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
396 			}
397 			nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
398 			return -1;
399 		}
400 		if ((has_equal = strchr(current_argv, '=')) != NULL) {
401 			/* argument found (--option=arg) */
402 			current_argv_len = has_equal - current_argv;
403 			has_equal++;
404 		} else
405 			current_argv_len = strlen(current_argv);
406 
407 		for (i = 0; long_options[i].name; i++) {
408 			/* find matching long option */
409 			if (strncmp(current_argv, long_options[i].name,
410 			    current_argv_len))
411 				continue;
412 
413 			if (strlen(long_options[i].name) ==
414 			    (unsigned)current_argv_len) {
415 				/* exact match */
416 				match = i;
417 				ambiguous = 0;
418 				break;
419 			}
420 			if (match == -1)		/* partial match */
421 				match = i;
422 			else if (!IDENTICAL_INTERPRETATION(i, match))
423 				ambiguous = 1;
424 		}
425 		if (ambiguous) {
426 			/* ambiguous abbreviation */
427 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
428 				warnx(ambig, (int)current_argv_len,
429 				     current_argv);
430 			optopt = 0;
431 			return BADCH;
432 		}
433 		if (match != -1) {			/* option found */
434 		        if (long_options[match].has_arg == no_argument
435 			    && has_equal) {
436 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
437 					warnx(noarg, (int)current_argv_len,
438 					     current_argv);
439 				/*
440 				 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of
441 				 * flag
442 				 */
443 				if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
444 					optopt = long_options[match].val;
445 				else
446 					optopt = 0;
447 				return BADARG;
448 			}
449 			if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument ||
450 			    long_options[match].has_arg == optional_argument) {
451 				if (has_equal)
452 					optarg = has_equal;
453 				else if (long_options[match].has_arg ==
454 				    required_argument) {
455 					/*
456 					 * optional argument doesn't use
457 					 * next nargv
458 					 */
459 					optarg = nargv[optind++];
460 				}
461 			}
462 			if ((long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument)
463 			    && (optarg == NULL)) {
464 				/*
465 				 * Missing argument; leading ':'
466 				 * indicates no error should be generated
467 				 */
468 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
469 					warnx(recargstring, current_argv);
470 				/*
471 				 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless
472 				 * of flag
473 				 */
474 				if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
475 					optopt = long_options[match].val;
476 				else
477 					optopt = 0;
478 				--optind;
479 				return BADARG;
480 			}
481 		} else {			/* unknown option */
482 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
483 				warnx(illoptstring, current_argv);
484 			optopt = 0;
485 			return BADCH;
486 		}
487 		if (long_options[match].flag) {
488 			*long_options[match].flag = long_options[match].val;
489 			retval = 0;
490 		} else
491 			retval = long_options[match].val;
492 		if (idx)
493 			*idx = match;
494 	}
495 	return retval;
496 #undef IDENTICAL_INTERPRETATION
497 }
498