xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/resolv/res_send.c (revision a536ee5124e62c9a0051a252f7833dc8f50f44c9)
1 /*	$NetBSD: res_send.c,v 1.25 2012/03/21 00:34:54 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Portions Copyright (C) 2004-2009  Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
5  * Portions Copyright (C) 1996-2003  Internet Software Consortium.
6  *
7  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
8  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
9  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
10  *
11  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
12  * REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
13  * AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
14  * INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
15  * LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
16  * OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
17  * PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
18  */
19 
20 /*
21  * Copyright (c) 1985, 1989, 1993
22  *    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
23  *
24  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
25  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
26  * are met:
27  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
29  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
30  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
31  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
32  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
33  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
34  * 	This product includes software developed by the University of
35  * 	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
36  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
37  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
38  *    without specific prior written permission.
39  *
40  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
41  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
42  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
43  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
44  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
45  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
46  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
47  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
48  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
49  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
50  * SUCH DAMAGE.
51  */
52 
53 /*
54  * Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
55  *
56  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
57  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
58  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
59  * the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
60  * publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
61  * specific, written prior permission.
62  *
63  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
64  * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
65  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.   IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
66  * CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
67  * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
68  * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
69  * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
70  * SOFTWARE.
71  */
72 
73 /*
74  * Copyright (c) 2005 by Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
75  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-1999 by Internet Software Consortium.
76  *
77  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
78  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
79  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
80  *
81  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
82  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
83  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR
84  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
85  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
86  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
87  * OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
88  */
89 
90 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
91 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
92 #ifdef notdef
93 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)res_send.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
94 static const char rcsid[] = "Id: res_send.c,v 1.22 2009/01/22 23:49:23 tbox Exp";
95 #else
96 __RCSID("$NetBSD: res_send.c,v 1.25 2012/03/21 00:34:54 christos Exp $");
97 #endif
98 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
99 
100 /*! \file
101  * \brief
102  * Send query to name server and wait for reply.
103  */
104 
105 #include "namespace.h"
106 #include "port_before.h"
107 #include "fd_setsize.h"
108 
109 #include <sys/types.h>
110 #include <sys/param.h>
111 #include <sys/time.h>
112 #include <sys/socket.h>
113 #include <sys/uio.h>
114 
115 #include <netinet/in.h>
116 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
117 #include <arpa/inet.h>
118 
119 #include <assert.h>
120 #include <errno.h>
121 #include <netdb.h>
122 #include <resolv.h>
123 #include <signal.h>
124 #include <stdio.h>
125 #include <stdlib.h>
126 #include <string.h>
127 #include <unistd.h>
128 
129 #include <isc/eventlib.h>
130 
131 #include "port_after.h"
132 
133 #if 0
134 #ifdef __weak_alias
135 __weak_alias(res_ourserver_p,__res_ourserver_p)
136 __weak_alias(res_nameinquery,__res_nameinquery)
137 __weak_alias(res_queriesmatch,__res_queriesmatch)
138 __weak_alias(res_nsend,__res_nsend)
139 #endif
140 #endif
141 
142 
143 #ifdef USE_POLL
144 #ifdef HAVE_STROPTS_H
145 #include <stropts.h>
146 #endif
147 #include <poll.h>
148 #endif /* USE_POLL */
149 
150 /* Options.  Leave them on. */
151 #ifndef DEBUG
152 #define DEBUG
153 #endif
154 #include "res_debug.h"
155 #include "res_private.h"
156 
157 #define EXT(res) ((res)->_u._ext)
158 
159 #ifndef USE_POLL
160 static const int highestFD = FD_SETSIZE - 1;
161 #endif
162 
163 /* Forward. */
164 
165 static int		get_salen(const struct sockaddr *);
166 static struct sockaddr * get_nsaddr(res_state, size_t);
167 static int		send_vc(res_state, const u_char *, int,
168 				u_char *, int, int *, int);
169 static int		send_dg(res_state, const u_char *, int,
170 				u_char *, int, int *, int, int,
171 				int *, int *);
172 static void		Aerror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int,
173 			       const struct sockaddr *, int);
174 static void		Perror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int);
175 static int		sock_eq(struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *);
176 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL)
177 static int		pselect(int, void *, void *, void *,
178 				struct timespec *,
179 				const sigset_t *);
180 #endif
181 void res_pquery(const res_state, const u_char *, int, FILE *);
182 
183 static const int niflags = NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV;
184 
185 /* Public. */
186 
187 /*%
188  *	looks up "ina" in _res.ns_addr_list[]
189  *
190  * returns:
191  *\li	0  : not found
192  *\li	>0 : found
193  *
194  * author:
195  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
196  */
197 int
198 res_ourserver_p(const res_state statp, const struct sockaddr *sa) {
199 	const struct sockaddr_in *inp, *srv;
200 	const struct sockaddr_in6 *in6p, *srv6;
201 	int ns;
202 
203 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
204 	case AF_INET:
205 		inp = (const struct sockaddr_in *)(const void *)sa;
206 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
207 			srv = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
208 			if (srv->sin_family == inp->sin_family &&
209 			    srv->sin_port == inp->sin_port &&
210 			    (srv->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY ||
211 			     srv->sin_addr.s_addr == inp->sin_addr.s_addr))
212 				return (1);
213 		}
214 		break;
215 	case AF_INET6:
216 		if (EXT(statp).ext == NULL)
217 			break;
218 		in6p = (const struct sockaddr_in6 *)(const void *)sa;
219 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
220 			srv6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
221 			if (srv6->sin6_family == in6p->sin6_family &&
222 			    srv6->sin6_port == in6p->sin6_port &&
223 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
224 			    (srv6->sin6_scope_id == 0 ||
225 			     srv6->sin6_scope_id == in6p->sin6_scope_id) &&
226 #endif
227 			    (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&srv6->sin6_addr) ||
228 			     IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&srv6->sin6_addr, &in6p->sin6_addr)))
229 				return (1);
230 		}
231 		break;
232 	default:
233 		break;
234 	}
235 	return (0);
236 }
237 
238 /*%
239  *	look for (name,type,class) in the query section of packet (buf,eom)
240  *
241  * requires:
242  *\li	buf + HFIXEDSZ <= eom
243  *
244  * returns:
245  *\li	-1 : format error
246  *\li	0  : not found
247  *\li	>0 : found
248  *
249  * author:
250  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
251  */
252 int
253 res_nameinquery(const char *name, int type, int class,
254 		const u_char *buf, const u_char *eom)
255 {
256 	const u_char *cp = buf + HFIXEDSZ;
257 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)(const void *)buf)->qdcount);
258 
259 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
260 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
261 		int n, ttype, tclass;
262 
263 		n = dn_expand(buf, eom, cp, tname, (int)sizeof tname);
264 		if (n < 0)
265 			return (-1);
266 		cp += n;
267 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom)
268 			return (-1);
269 		ttype = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
270 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
271 		if (ttype == type && tclass == class &&
272 		    ns_samename(tname, name) == 1)
273 			return (1);
274 	}
275 	return (0);
276 }
277 
278 /*%
279  *	is there a 1:1 mapping of (name,type,class)
280  *	in (buf1,eom1) and (buf2,eom2)?
281  *
282  * returns:
283  *\li	-1 : format error
284  *\li	0  : not a 1:1 mapping
285  *\li	>0 : is a 1:1 mapping
286  *
287  * author:
288  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
289  */
290 int
291 res_queriesmatch(const u_char *buf1, const u_char *eom1,
292 		 const u_char *buf2, const u_char *eom2)
293 {
294 	const u_char *cp = buf1 + HFIXEDSZ;
295 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)(const void *)buf1)->qdcount);
296 
297 	if (buf1 + HFIXEDSZ > eom1 || buf2 + HFIXEDSZ > eom2)
298 		return (-1);
299 
300 	/*
301 	 * Only header section present in replies to
302 	 * dynamic update packets.
303 	 */
304 	if ((((const HEADER *)(const void *)buf1)->opcode == ns_o_update) &&
305 	    (((const HEADER *)(const void *)buf2)->opcode == ns_o_update))
306 		return (1);
307 
308 	if (qdcount != ntohs(((const HEADER*)(const void *)buf2)->qdcount))
309 		return (0);
310 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
311 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
312 		int n, ttype, tclass;
313 
314 		n = dn_expand(buf1, eom1, cp, tname, (int)sizeof tname);
315 		if (n < 0)
316 			return (-1);
317 		cp += n;
318 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom1)
319 			return (-1);
320 		ttype = ns_get16(cp);	cp += INT16SZ;
321 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
322 		if (!res_nameinquery(tname, ttype, tclass, buf2, eom2))
323 			return (0);
324 	}
325 	return (1);
326 }
327 
328 int
329 res_nsend(res_state statp,
330 	  const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz)
331 {
332 	int gotsomewhere, terrno, tries, v_circuit, resplen, ns, n;
333 	char abuf[NI_MAXHOST];
334 
335 	(void)res_check(statp, NULL);
336 
337 	/* No name servers or res_init() failure */
338 	if (statp->nscount == 0 || EXT(statp).ext == NULL) {
339 		errno = ESRCH;
340 		return (-1);
341 	}
342 	if (anssiz < HFIXEDSZ) {
343 		errno = EINVAL;
344 		return (-1);
345 	}
346 	DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) || (statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_QUERY),
347 		(stdout, ";; res_send()\n"), buf, buflen);
348 	v_circuit = (statp->options & RES_USEVC) || buflen > PACKETSZ;
349 	gotsomewhere = 0;
350 	terrno = ETIMEDOUT;
351 
352 	/*
353 	 * If the ns_addr_list in the resolver context has changed, then
354 	 * invalidate our cached copy and the associated timing data.
355 	 */
356 	if (EXT(statp).nscount != 0) {
357 		int needclose = 0;
358 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
359 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T peerlen;
360 
361 		if (EXT(statp).nscount != statp->nscount)
362 			needclose++;
363 		else
364 			for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
365 				if (statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family &&
366 				    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)(void *)&statp->nsaddr_list[ns],
367 					     (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns])) {
368 					needclose++;
369 					break;
370 				}
371 
372 				if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1)
373 					continue;
374 				peerlen = sizeof(peer);
375 				if (getpeername(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns],
376 				    (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&peer, &peerlen) < 0) {
377 					needclose++;
378 					break;
379 				}
380 				if (!sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)(void *)&peer,
381 				    get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns))) {
382 					needclose++;
383 					break;
384 				}
385 			}
386 		if (needclose) {
387 			res_nclose(statp);
388 			EXT(statp).nscount = 0;
389 		}
390 	}
391 
392 	/*
393 	 * Maybe initialize our private copy of the ns_addr_list.
394 	 */
395 	if (EXT(statp).nscount == 0) {
396 		for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
397 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = RES_MAXTIME;
398 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = -1;
399 			if (!statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family)
400 				continue;
401 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns].sin =
402 				 statp->nsaddr_list[ns];
403 		}
404 		EXT(statp).nscount = statp->nscount;
405 	}
406 
407 	/*
408 	 * Some resolvers want to even out the load on their nameservers.
409 	 * Note that RES_BLAST overrides RES_ROTATE.
410 	 */
411 	if ((statp->options & RES_ROTATE) != 0U &&
412 	    (statp->options & RES_BLAST) == 0U) {
413 		union res_sockaddr_union inu;
414 		struct sockaddr_in ina;
415 		int lastns = statp->nscount - 1;
416 		int fd;
417 		u_int16_t nstime;
418 
419 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
420 			inu = EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[0];
421 		ina = statp->nsaddr_list[0];
422 		fd = EXT(statp).nssocks[0];
423 		nstime = EXT(statp).nstimes[0];
424 		for (ns = 0; ns < lastns; ns++) {
425 			if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
426 				EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns] =
427 					EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns + 1];
428 			statp->nsaddr_list[ns] = statp->nsaddr_list[ns + 1];
429 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns + 1];
430 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = EXT(statp).nstimes[ns + 1];
431 		}
432 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
433 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[lastns] = inu;
434 		statp->nsaddr_list[lastns] = ina;
435 		EXT(statp).nssocks[lastns] = fd;
436 		EXT(statp).nstimes[lastns] = nstime;
437 	}
438 
439 	/*
440 	 * Send request, RETRY times, or until successful.
441 	 */
442 	for (tries = 0; tries < statp->retry; tries++) {
443 	    for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
444 		struct sockaddr *nsap;
445 		int nsaplen;
446 		nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
447 		nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
448 		statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_LASTMASK;
449 		statp->_flags |= (ns << RES_F_LASTSHIFT);
450  same_ns:
451 		if (statp->qhook) {
452 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
453 
454 			do {
455 				res_sendhookact act;
456 
457 				act = (*statp->qhook)(&nsap, &buf, &buflen,
458 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
459 				switch (act) {
460 				case res_goahead:
461 					done = 1;
462 					break;
463 				case res_nextns:
464 					res_nclose(statp);
465 					goto next_ns;
466 				case res_done:
467 					return (resplen);
468 				case res_modified:
469 					/* give the hook another try */
470 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
471 						break;
472 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
473 				case res_error:
474 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
475 				default:
476 					goto fail;
477 				}
478 			} while (!done);
479 		}
480 
481 		Dprint(((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) &&
482 			getnameinfo(nsap, (socklen_t)nsaplen, abuf,
483 			    (socklen_t)sizeof(abuf), NULL, 0, niflags) == 0),
484 		       (stdout, ";; Querying server (# %d) address = %s\n",
485 			ns + 1, abuf));
486 
487 
488 		if (v_circuit) {
489 			/* Use VC; at most one attempt per server. */
490 			tries = statp->retry;
491 			n = send_vc(statp, buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
492 				    ns);
493 			if (n < 0)
494 				goto fail;
495 			if (n == 0)
496 				goto next_ns;
497 			resplen = n;
498 		} else {
499 			/* Use datagrams. */
500 			n = send_dg(statp, buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
501 				    ns, tries, &v_circuit, &gotsomewhere);
502 			if (n < 0)
503 				goto fail;
504 			if (n == 0)
505 				goto next_ns;
506 			if (v_circuit)
507 				goto same_ns;
508 			resplen = n;
509 		}
510 
511 		Dprint((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
512 		       ((statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY) &&
513 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_HEAD1)),
514 		       (stdout, ";; got answer:\n"));
515 
516 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
517 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
518 			(stdout, "%s", ""),
519 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
520 
521 		/*
522 		 * If we have temporarily opened a virtual circuit,
523 		 * or if we haven't been asked to keep a socket open,
524 		 * close the socket.
525 		 */
526 		if ((v_circuit && (statp->options & RES_USEVC) == 0U) ||
527 		    (statp->options & RES_STAYOPEN) == 0U) {
528 			res_nclose(statp);
529 		}
530 		if (statp->rhook) {
531 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
532 
533 			do {
534 				res_sendhookact act;
535 
536 				act = (*statp->rhook)(nsap, buf, buflen,
537 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
538 				switch (act) {
539 				case res_goahead:
540 				case res_done:
541 					done = 1;
542 					break;
543 				case res_nextns:
544 					res_nclose(statp);
545 					goto next_ns;
546 				case res_modified:
547 					/* give the hook another try */
548 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
549 						break;
550 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
551 				case res_error:
552 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
553 				default:
554 					goto fail;
555 				}
556 			} while (!done);
557 
558 		}
559 		return (resplen);
560  next_ns: ;
561 	   } /*foreach ns*/
562 	} /*foreach retry*/
563 	res_nclose(statp);
564 	if (!v_circuit) {
565 		if (!gotsomewhere)
566 			errno = ECONNREFUSED;	/*%< no nameservers found */
567 		else
568 			errno = ETIMEDOUT;	/*%< no answer obtained */
569 	} else
570 		errno = terrno;
571 	return (-1);
572  fail:
573 	res_nclose(statp);
574 	return (-1);
575 }
576 
577 /* Private */
578 
579 static int
580 get_salen(const struct sockaddr *sa)
581 {
582 
583 #ifdef HAVE_SA_LEN
584 	/* There are people do not set sa_len.  Be forgiving to them. */
585 	if (sa->sa_len)
586 		return (sa->sa_len);
587 #endif
588 
589 	if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
590 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
591 	else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
592 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
593 	else
594 		return (0);	/*%< unknown, die on connect */
595 }
596 
597 /*%
598  * pick appropriate nsaddr_list for use.  see res_init() for initialization.
599  */
600 static struct sockaddr *
601 get_nsaddr(res_state statp, size_t n)
602 {
603 
604 	if (!statp->nsaddr_list[n].sin_family && EXT(statp).ext) {
605 		/*
606 		 * - EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n] holds an address that is larger
607 		 *   than struct sockaddr, and
608 		 * - user code did not update statp->nsaddr_list[n].
609 		 */
610 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n];
611 	} else {
612 		/*
613 		 * - user code updated statp->nsaddr_list[n], or
614 		 * - statp->nsaddr_list[n] has the same content as
615 		 *   EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n].
616 		 */
617 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&statp->nsaddr_list[n];
618 	}
619 }
620 
621 static int
622 send_vc(res_state statp,
623 	const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz,
624 	int *terrno, int ns)
625 {
626 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *)(const void *)buf;
627 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *)(void *)ans;
628 	struct sockaddr *nsap;
629 	int nsaplen;
630 	int truncating, connreset, resplen;
631 	ssize_t n;
632 	struct iovec iov[2];
633 	u_short len;
634 	u_char *cp;
635 	void *tmp;
636 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
637 	int on = 1;
638 #endif
639 
640 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
641 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
642 
643 	connreset = 0;
644  same_ns:
645 	truncating = 0;
646 
647 	/* Are we still talking to whom we want to talk to? */
648 	if (statp->_vcsock >= 0 && (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) != 0) {
649 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
650 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T size = sizeof peer;
651 
652 		if (getpeername(statp->_vcsock,
653 				(struct sockaddr *)(void *)&peer, &size) < 0 ||
654 		    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)(void *)&peer, nsap)) {
655 			res_nclose(statp);
656 			statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_VC;
657 		}
658 	}
659 
660 	if (statp->_vcsock < 0 || (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) == 0) {
661 		if (statp->_vcsock >= 0)
662 			res_nclose(statp);
663 
664 		statp->_vcsock = socket(nsap->sa_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
665 #ifndef USE_POLL
666 		if (statp->_vcsock > highestFD) {
667 			res_nclose(statp);
668 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
669 		}
670 #endif
671 		if (statp->_vcsock < 0) {
672 			switch (errno) {
673 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
674 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
675 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
676 #endif
677 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
678 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
679 				return (0);
680 			default:
681 				*terrno = errno;
682 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
683 				return (-1);
684 			}
685 		}
686 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
687 		/*
688 		 * Disable generation of SIGPIPE when writing to a closed
689 		 * socket.  Write should return -1 and set errno to EPIPE
690 		 * instead.
691 		 *
692 		 * Push on even if setsockopt(SO_NOSIGPIPE) fails.
693 		 */
694 		(void)setsockopt(statp->_vcsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &on,
695 				 (unsigned int)sizeof(on));
696 #endif
697 		errno = 0;
698 		if (connect(statp->_vcsock, nsap, (socklen_t)nsaplen) < 0) {
699 			*terrno = errno;
700 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect/vc", errno, nsap,
701 			    nsaplen);
702 			res_nclose(statp);
703 			return (0);
704 		}
705 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_VC;
706 	}
707 
708 	/*
709 	 * Send length & message
710 	 */
711 	ns_put16((u_short)buflen, (u_char*)(void *)&len);
712 	iov[0] = evConsIovec(&len, INT16SZ);
713 	DE_CONST(buf, tmp);
714 	iov[1] = evConsIovec(tmp, (size_t)buflen);
715 	if (writev(statp->_vcsock, iov, 2) != (INT16SZ + buflen)) {
716 		*terrno = errno;
717 		Perror(statp, stderr, "write failed", errno);
718 		res_nclose(statp);
719 		return (0);
720 	}
721 	/*
722 	 * Receive length & response
723 	 */
724  read_len:
725 	cp = ans;
726 	len = INT16SZ;
727 	while ((n = read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (size_t)len)) > 0) {
728 		cp += n;
729 		if ((len -= (u_short)n) == 0)
730 			break;
731 	}
732 	if (n <= 0) {
733 		*terrno = errno;
734 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read failed", errno);
735 		res_nclose(statp);
736 		/*
737 		 * A long running process might get its TCP
738 		 * connection reset if the remote server was
739 		 * restarted.  Requery the server instead of
740 		 * trying a new one.  When there is only one
741 		 * server, this means that a query might work
742 		 * instead of failing.  We only allow one reset
743 		 * per query to prevent looping.
744 		 */
745 		if (*terrno == ECONNRESET && !connreset) {
746 			connreset = 1;
747 			res_nclose(statp);
748 			goto same_ns;
749 		}
750 		res_nclose(statp);
751 		return (0);
752 	}
753 	resplen = ns_get16(ans);
754 	if (resplen > anssiz) {
755 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
756 		       (stdout, ";; response truncated\n")
757 		       );
758 		truncating = 1;
759 		len = anssiz;
760 	} else
761 		len = resplen;
762 	if (len < HFIXEDSZ) {
763 		/*
764 		 * Undersized message.
765 		 */
766 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
767 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n", len));
768 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
769 		res_nclose(statp);
770 		return (0);
771 	}
772 	cp = ans;
773 	while (len != 0 && (n = read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (size_t)len)) > 0){
774 		cp += n;
775 		len -= (u_short)n;
776 	}
777 	if (n <= 0) {
778 		*terrno = errno;
779 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read(vc)", errno);
780 		res_nclose(statp);
781 		return (0);
782 	}
783 	if (truncating) {
784 		/*
785 		 * Flush rest of answer so connection stays in synch.
786 		 */
787 		anhp->tc = 1;
788 		len = resplen - anssiz;
789 		while (len != 0) {
790 			char junk[PACKETSZ];
791 
792 			n = read(statp->_vcsock, junk,
793 				 (len > sizeof junk) ? sizeof junk : len);
794 			if (n > 0)
795 				len -= (u_short)n;
796 			else
797 				break;
798 		}
799 	}
800 	/*
801 	 * If the calling applicating has bailed out of
802 	 * a previous call and failed to arrange to have
803 	 * the circuit closed or the server has got
804 	 * itself confused, then drop the packet and
805 	 * wait for the correct one.
806 	 */
807 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
808 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
809 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
810 			(stdout, ";; old answer (unexpected):\n"),
811 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz: resplen);
812 		goto read_len;
813 	}
814 
815 	/*
816 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
817 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
818 	 */
819 	return (resplen);
820 }
821 
822 static int
823 send_dg(res_state statp, const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans,
824 	int anssiz, int *terrno, int ns, int tries, int *v_circuit,
825 	int *gotsomewhere)
826 {
827 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *)(const void *)buf;
828 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *)(void *)ans;
829 	const struct sockaddr *nsap;
830 	int nsaplen;
831 	struct timespec now, timeout, finish;
832 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
833 	ISC_SOCKLEN_T fromlen;
834 	ssize_t resplen;
835 	int seconds, n, s;
836 #ifdef USE_POLL
837 	int     polltimeout;
838 	struct pollfd   pollfd;
839 #else
840 	fd_set dsmask;
841 #endif
842 
843 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
844 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
845 	if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1) {
846 		EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = socket(nsap->sa_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
847 #ifndef USE_POLL
848 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] > highestFD) {
849 			res_nclose(statp);
850 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
851 		}
852 #endif
853 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] < 0) {
854 			switch (errno) {
855 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
856 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
857 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
858 #endif
859 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
860 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
861 				return (0);
862 			default:
863 				*terrno = errno;
864 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
865 				return (-1);
866 			}
867 		}
868 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
869 		/*
870 		 * On a 4.3BSD+ machine (client and server,
871 		 * actually), sending to a nameserver datagram
872 		 * port with no nameserver will cause an
873 		 * ICMP port unreachable message to be returned.
874 		 * If our datagram socket is "connected" to the
875 		 * server, we get an ECONNREFUSED error on the next
876 		 * socket operation, and select returns if the
877 		 * error message is received.  We can thus detect
878 		 * the absence of a nameserver without timing out.
879 		 */
880 		if (connect(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns], nsap, (socklen_t)nsaplen) < 0) {
881 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect(dg)", errno, nsap,
882 			    nsaplen);
883 			res_nclose(statp);
884 			return (0);
885 		}
886 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
887 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
888 		       (stdout, ";; new DG socket\n"))
889 	}
890 	s = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns];
891 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
892 	if (send(s, (const char*)buf, (size_t)buflen, 0) != buflen) {
893 		Perror(statp, stderr, "send", errno);
894 		res_nclose(statp);
895 		return (0);
896 	}
897 #else /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
898 	if (sendto(s, (const char*)buf, buflen, 0, nsap, nsaplen) != buflen)
899 	{
900 		Aerror(statp, stderr, "sendto", errno, nsap, nsaplen);
901 		res_nclose(statp);
902 		return (0);
903 	}
904 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
905 
906 	/*
907 	 * Wait for reply.
908 	 */
909 	seconds = (statp->retrans << tries);
910 	if (ns > 0)
911 		seconds /= statp->nscount;
912 	if (seconds <= 0)
913 		seconds = 1;
914 	now = evNowTime();
915 	timeout = evConsTime((time_t)seconds, 0L);
916 	finish = evAddTime(now, timeout);
917 	goto nonow;
918  wait:
919 	now = evNowTime();
920  nonow:
921 #ifndef USE_POLL
922 	FD_ZERO(&dsmask);
923 	FD_SET(s, &dsmask);
924 	if (evCmpTime(finish, now) > 0)
925 		timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
926 	else
927 		timeout = evConsTime(0L, 0L);
928 	n = pselect(s + 1, &dsmask, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
929 #else
930 	timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
931 	if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
932 		timeout = evConsTime((time_t)0, 0L);
933 	polltimeout = 1000*(int)timeout.tv_sec +
934 		(int)timeout.tv_nsec/1000000;
935 	pollfd.fd = s;
936 	pollfd.events = POLLRDNORM;
937 	n = poll(&pollfd, 1, polltimeout);
938 #endif /* USE_POLL */
939 
940 	if (n == 0) {
941 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG, (stdout, ";; timeout\n"));
942 		*gotsomewhere = 1;
943 		return (0);
944 	}
945 	if (n < 0) {
946 		if (errno == EINTR)
947 			goto wait;
948 #ifndef USE_POLL
949 		Perror(statp, stderr, "select", errno);
950 #else
951 		Perror(statp, stderr, "poll", errno);
952 #endif /* USE_POLL */
953 		res_nclose(statp);
954 		return (0);
955 	}
956 	errno = 0;
957 	fromlen = sizeof(from);
958 	resplen = recvfrom(s, (char*)ans, (size_t)anssiz,0,
959 			   (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&from, &fromlen);
960 	if (resplen <= 0) {
961 		Perror(statp, stderr, "recvfrom", errno);
962 		res_nclose(statp);
963 		return (0);
964 	}
965 	*gotsomewhere = 1;
966 	if (resplen < HFIXEDSZ) {
967 		/*
968 		 * Undersized message.
969 		 */
970 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
971 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %zd\n",
972 			resplen));
973 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
974 		res_nclose(statp);
975 		return (0);
976 	}
977 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
978 		/*
979 		 * response from old query, ignore it.
980 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
981 		 *	 be detected here.
982 		 */
983 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
984 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
985 			(stdout, ";; old answer:\n"),
986 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
987 		goto wait;
988 	}
989 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) &&
990 	    !res_ourserver_p(statp, (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&from)) {
991 		/*
992 		 * response from wrong server? ignore it.
993 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
994 		 *	 be detected here.
995 		 */
996 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
997 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
998 			(stdout, ";; not our server:\n"),
999 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1000 		goto wait;
1001 	}
1002 #ifdef RES_USE_EDNS0
1003 	if (anhp->rcode == FORMERR && (statp->options & RES_USE_EDNS0) != 0U) {
1004 		/*
1005 		 * Do not retry if the server do not understand EDNS0.
1006 		 * The case has to be captured here, as FORMERR packet do not
1007 		 * carry query section, hence res_queriesmatch() returns 0.
1008 		 */
1009 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1010 			(stdout, "server rejected query with EDNS0:\n"),
1011 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1012 		/* record the error */
1013 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_EDNS0ERR;
1014 		res_nclose(statp);
1015 		return (0);
1016 	}
1017 #endif
1018 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE2) &&
1019 	    !res_queriesmatch(buf, buf + buflen,
1020 			      ans, ans + anssiz)) {
1021 		/*
1022 		 * response contains wrong query? ignore it.
1023 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1024 		 *	 be detected here.
1025 		 */
1026 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1027 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1028 			(stdout, ";; wrong query name:\n"),
1029 			ans, (int)(resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1030 		goto wait;
1031 	}
1032 	if (anhp->rcode == SERVFAIL ||
1033 	    anhp->rcode == NOTIMP ||
1034 	    anhp->rcode == REFUSED) {
1035 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1036 			(stdout, "server rejected query:\n"),
1037 			ans, (int)(resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1038 		res_nclose(statp);
1039 		/* don't retry if called from dig */
1040 		if (!statp->pfcode)
1041 			return (0);
1042 	}
1043 	if (!(statp->options & RES_IGNTC) && anhp->tc) {
1044 		/*
1045 		 * To get the rest of answer,
1046 		 * use TCP with same server.
1047 		 */
1048 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1049 		       (stdout, ";; truncated answer\n"));
1050 		*v_circuit = 1;
1051 		res_nclose(statp);
1052 		return (1);
1053 	}
1054 	/*
1055 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
1056 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
1057 	 */
1058 	_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int, resplen));
1059 	return (int)resplen;
1060 }
1061 
1062 static void
1063 Aerror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error,
1064        const struct sockaddr *address, int alen)
1065 {
1066 	int save = errno;
1067 	char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
1068 	char sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
1069 
1070 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U) {
1071 		if (getnameinfo(address, (socklen_t)alen, hbuf,
1072 		    (socklen_t)sizeof(hbuf), sbuf, (socklen_t)sizeof(sbuf),
1073 		    niflags)) {
1074 			strncpy(hbuf, "?", sizeof(hbuf) - 1);
1075 			hbuf[sizeof(hbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1076 			strncpy(sbuf, "?", sizeof(sbuf) - 1);
1077 			sbuf[sizeof(sbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1078 		}
1079 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s ([%s].%s): %s\n",
1080 			string, hbuf, sbuf, strerror(error));
1081 	}
1082 	errno = save;
1083 }
1084 
1085 static void
1086 Perror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error) {
1087 	int save = errno;
1088 
1089 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U)
1090 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s: %s\n",
1091 			string, strerror(error));
1092 	errno = save;
1093 }
1094 
1095 static int
1096 sock_eq(struct sockaddr *a, struct sockaddr *b) {
1097 	struct sockaddr_in *a4, *b4;
1098 	struct sockaddr_in6 *a6, *b6;
1099 
1100 	if (a->sa_family != b->sa_family)
1101 		return 0;
1102 	switch (a->sa_family) {
1103 	case AF_INET:
1104 		a4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)a;
1105 		b4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)b;
1106 		return a4->sin_port == b4->sin_port &&
1107 		    a4->sin_addr.s_addr == b4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1108 	case AF_INET6:
1109 		a6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)a;
1110 		b6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)b;
1111 		return a6->sin6_port == b6->sin6_port &&
1112 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
1113 		    a6->sin6_scope_id == b6->sin6_scope_id &&
1114 #endif
1115 		    IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&a6->sin6_addr, &b6->sin6_addr);
1116 	default:
1117 		return 0;
1118 	}
1119 }
1120 
1121 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL)
1122 /* XXX needs to move to the porting library. */
1123 static int
1124 pselect(int nfds, void *rfds, void *wfds, void *efds,
1125 	struct timespec *tsp, const sigset_t *sigmask)
1126 {
1127 	struct timeval tv, *tvp;
1128 	sigset_t sigs;
1129 	int n;
1130 
1131 	if (tsp) {
1132 		tvp = &tv;
1133 		tv = evTimeVal(*tsp);
1134 	} else
1135 		tvp = NULL;
1136 	if (sigmask)
1137 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, sigmask, &sigs);
1138 	n = select(nfds, rfds, wfds, efds, tvp);
1139 	if (sigmask)
1140 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sigs, NULL);
1141 	if (tsp)
1142 		*tsp = evTimeSpec(tv);
1143 	return (n);
1144 }
1145 #endif
1146