xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/regex/engine.c (revision 1ca5c1b28139779176bd5c13ad7c5f25c0bcd5f8)
1 /*	$NetBSD: engine.c,v 1.13 2001/12/17 16:32:49 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994 Henry Spencer.
5  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994
6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9  * Henry Spencer.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  *
39  *	@(#)engine.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 3/20/94
40  */
41 
42 /*
43  * The matching engine and friends.  This file is #included by regexec.c
44  * after suitable #defines of a variety of macros used herein, so that
45  * different state representations can be used without duplicating masses
46  * of code.
47  */
48 
49 #ifdef SNAMES
50 #define	matcher	smatcher
51 #define	fast	sfast
52 #define	slow	sslow
53 #define	dissect	sdissect
54 #define	backref	sbackref
55 #define	step	sstep
56 #define	print	sprint
57 #define	at	sat
58 #define	match	smat
59 #endif
60 #ifdef LNAMES
61 #define	matcher	lmatcher
62 #define	fast	lfast
63 #define	slow	lslow
64 #define	dissect	ldissect
65 #define	backref	lbackref
66 #define	step	lstep
67 #define	print	lprint
68 #define	at	lat
69 #define	match	lmat
70 #endif
71 
72 /* another structure passed up and down to avoid zillions of parameters */
73 struct match {
74 	struct re_guts *g;
75 	int eflags;
76 	regmatch_t *pmatch;	/* [nsub+1] (0 element unused) */
77 	char *offp;		/* offsets work from here */
78 	char *beginp;		/* start of string -- virtual NUL precedes */
79 	char *endp;		/* end of string -- virtual NUL here */
80 	char *coldp;		/* can be no match starting before here */
81 	char **lastpos;		/* [nplus+1] */
82 	STATEVARS;
83 	states st;		/* current states */
84 	states fresh;		/* states for a fresh start */
85 	states tmp;		/* temporary */
86 	states empty;		/* empty set of states */
87 };
88 
89 /* ========= begin header generated by ./mkh ========= */
90 #ifdef __cplusplus
91 extern "C" {
92 #endif
93 
94 /* === engine.c === */
95 static int matcher __P((struct re_guts *g, char *string, size_t nmatch, regmatch_t pmatch[], int eflags));
96 static char *dissect __P((struct match *m, char *start, char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst));
97 static char *backref __P((struct match *m, char *start, char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst, sopno lev));
98 static char *fast __P((struct match *m, char *start, char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst));
99 static char *slow __P((struct match *m, char *start, char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst));
100 static states step __P((struct re_guts *g, sopno start, sopno stop, states bef, int ch, states aft));
101 #define	BOL	(OUT+1)
102 #define	EOL	(BOL+1)
103 #define	BOLEOL	(BOL+2)
104 #define	NOTHING	(BOL+3)
105 #define	BOW	(BOL+4)
106 #define	EOW	(BOL+5)
107 #define	CODEMAX	(BOL+5)		/* highest code used */
108 #define	NONCHAR(c)	((c) > CHAR_MAX)
109 #define	NNONCHAR	(CODEMAX-CHAR_MAX)
110 #ifdef REDEBUG
111 static void print __P((struct match *m, char *caption, states st, int ch, FILE *d));
112 #endif
113 #ifdef REDEBUG
114 static void at __P((struct match *m, char *title, char *start, char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst));
115 #endif
116 #ifdef REDEBUG
117 static char *pchar __P((int ch));
118 #endif
119 
120 #ifdef __cplusplus
121 }
122 #endif
123 /* ========= end header generated by ./mkh ========= */
124 
125 #ifdef REDEBUG
126 #define	SP(t, s, c)	print(m, t, s, c, stdout)
127 #define	AT(t, p1, p2, s1, s2)	at(m, t, p1, p2, s1, s2)
128 #define	NOTE(str)	{ if (m->eflags&REG_TRACE) printf("=%s\n", (str)); }
129 #else
130 #define	SP(t, s, c)	/* nothing */
131 #define	AT(t, p1, p2, s1, s2)	/* nothing */
132 #define	NOTE(s)	/* nothing */
133 #endif
134 
135 /*
136  - matcher - the actual matching engine
137  == static int matcher(struct re_guts *g, char *string, \
138  ==	size_t nmatch, regmatch_t pmatch[], int eflags);
139  */
140 static int			/* 0 success, REG_NOMATCH failure */
141 matcher(g, string, nmatch, pmatch, eflags)
142 struct re_guts *g;
143 char *string;
144 size_t nmatch;
145 regmatch_t pmatch[];
146 int eflags;
147 {
148 	char *endp;
149 	int i;
150 	struct match mv;
151 	struct match *m = &mv;
152 	char *dp;
153 	const sopno gf = g->firststate+1;	/* +1 for OEND */
154 	const sopno gl = g->laststate;
155 	char *start;
156 	char *stop;
157 	int error = 0;
158 
159 	_DIAGASSERT(g != NULL);
160 	_DIAGASSERT(string != NULL);
161 	/* pmatch checked below */
162 
163 	/* simplify the situation where possible */
164 	if (g->cflags&REG_NOSUB)
165 		nmatch = 0;
166 	if (eflags&REG_STARTEND) {
167 		_DIAGASSERT(pmatch != NULL);
168 		start = string + (size_t)pmatch[0].rm_so;
169 		stop = string + (size_t)pmatch[0].rm_eo;
170 	} else {
171 		start = string;
172 		stop = start + strlen(start);
173 	}
174 	if (stop < start)
175 		return(REG_INVARG);
176 
177 	/* prescreening; this does wonders for this rather slow code */
178 	if (g->must != NULL) {
179 		for (dp = start; dp < stop; dp++)
180 			if (*dp == g->must[0] && stop - dp >= g->mlen &&
181 				memcmp(dp, g->must, (size_t)g->mlen) == 0)
182 				break;
183 		if (dp == stop)		/* we didn't find g->must */
184 			return(REG_NOMATCH);
185 	}
186 
187 	/* match struct setup */
188 	m->g = g;
189 	m->eflags = eflags;
190 	m->pmatch = NULL;
191 	m->lastpos = NULL;
192 	m->offp = string;
193 	m->beginp = start;
194 	m->endp = stop;
195 	STATESETUP(m, 4);
196 	SETUP(m->st);
197 	SETUP(m->fresh);
198 	SETUP(m->tmp);
199 	SETUP(m->empty);
200 	CLEAR(m->empty);
201 
202 	/* this loop does only one repetition except for backrefs */
203 	for (;;) {
204 		endp = fast(m, start, stop, gf, gl);
205 		if (endp == NULL) {		/* a miss */
206 			error = REG_NOMATCH;
207 			goto done;
208 		}
209 		if (nmatch == 0 && !g->backrefs)
210 			break;		/* no further info needed */
211 
212 		/* where? */
213 		assert(m->coldp != NULL);
214 		for (;;) {
215 			NOTE("finding start");
216 			endp = slow(m, m->coldp, stop, gf, gl);
217 			if (endp != NULL)
218 				break;
219 			assert(m->coldp < m->endp);
220 			m->coldp++;
221 		}
222 		if (nmatch == 1 && !g->backrefs)
223 			break;		/* no further info needed */
224 
225 		/* oh my, he wants the subexpressions... */
226 		if (m->pmatch == NULL)
227 			m->pmatch = (regmatch_t *)malloc((m->g->nsub + 1) *
228 							sizeof(regmatch_t));
229 		if (m->pmatch == NULL) {
230 			error = REG_ESPACE;
231 			goto done;
232 		}
233 		for (i = 1; i <= m->g->nsub; i++)
234 			m->pmatch[i].rm_so = m->pmatch[i].rm_eo = (regoff_t)-1;
235 		if (!g->backrefs && !(m->eflags&REG_BACKR)) {
236 			NOTE("dissecting");
237 			dp = dissect(m, m->coldp, endp, gf, gl);
238 		} else {
239 			if (g->nplus > 0 && m->lastpos == NULL)
240 				m->lastpos = (char **)malloc((g->nplus+1) *
241 							sizeof(char *));
242 			if (g->nplus > 0 && m->lastpos == NULL) {
243 				error = REG_ESPACE;
244 				goto done;
245 			}
246 			NOTE("backref dissect");
247 			dp = backref(m, m->coldp, endp, gf, gl, (sopno)0);
248 		}
249 		if (dp != NULL)
250 			break;
251 
252 		/* uh-oh... we couldn't find a subexpression-level match */
253 		assert(g->backrefs);	/* must be back references doing it */
254 		assert(g->nplus == 0 || m->lastpos != NULL);
255 		for (;;) {
256 			if (dp != NULL || endp <= m->coldp)
257 				break;		/* defeat */
258 			NOTE("backoff");
259 			endp = slow(m, m->coldp, endp-1, gf, gl);
260 			if (endp == NULL)
261 				break;		/* defeat */
262 			/* try it on a shorter possibility */
263 #ifndef NDEBUG
264 			for (i = 1; i <= m->g->nsub; i++) {
265 				assert(m->pmatch[i].rm_so == (regoff_t)-1);
266 				assert(m->pmatch[i].rm_eo == (regoff_t)-1);
267 			}
268 #endif
269 			NOTE("backoff dissect");
270 			dp = backref(m, m->coldp, endp, gf, gl, (sopno)0);
271 		}
272 		assert(dp == NULL || dp == endp);
273 		if (dp != NULL)		/* found a shorter one */
274 			break;
275 
276 		/* despite initial appearances, there is no match here */
277 		NOTE("false alarm");
278 		start = m->coldp + 1;	/* recycle starting later */
279 		assert(start <= stop);
280 	}
281 
282 	/* fill in the details if requested */
283 	if (nmatch > 0) {
284 		_DIAGASSERT(pmatch != NULL);
285 		pmatch[0].rm_so = m->coldp - m->offp;
286 		pmatch[0].rm_eo = endp - m->offp;
287 	}
288 	if (nmatch > 1) {
289 		assert(m->pmatch != NULL);
290 		for (i = 1; i < nmatch; i++)
291 			if (i <= m->g->nsub)
292 				pmatch[i] = m->pmatch[i];
293 			else {
294 				pmatch[i].rm_so = (regoff_t)-1;
295 				pmatch[i].rm_eo = (regoff_t)-1;
296 			}
297 	}
298 
299 done:
300 	if (m->pmatch != NULL) {
301 		free(m->pmatch);
302 		m->pmatch = NULL;
303 	}
304 	if (m->lastpos != NULL) {
305 		free(m->lastpos);
306 		m->lastpos = NULL;
307 	}
308 	STATETEARDOWN(m);
309 	return error;
310 }
311 
312 /*
313  - dissect - figure out what matched what, no back references
314  == static char *dissect(struct match *m, char *start, \
315  ==	char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst);
316  */
317 static char *			/* == stop (success) always */
318 dissect(m, start, stop, startst, stopst)
319 struct match *m;
320 char *start;
321 char *stop;
322 sopno startst;
323 sopno stopst;
324 {
325 	int i;
326 	sopno ss;	/* start sop of current subRE */
327 	sopno es;	/* end sop of current subRE */
328 	char *sp;	/* start of string matched by it */
329 	char *stp;	/* string matched by it cannot pass here */
330 	char *rest;	/* start of rest of string */
331 	char *tail;	/* string unmatched by rest of RE */
332 	sopno ssub;	/* start sop of subsubRE */
333 	sopno esub;	/* end sop of subsubRE */
334 	char *ssp;	/* start of string matched by subsubRE */
335 	char *sep;	/* end of string matched by subsubRE */
336 	char *oldssp;	/* previous ssp */
337 #ifndef NDEBUG
338 	char *dp;
339 #endif
340 
341 	_DIAGASSERT(m != NULL);
342 	_DIAGASSERT(start != NULL);
343 	_DIAGASSERT(stop != NULL);
344 
345 	AT("diss", start, stop, startst, stopst);
346 	sp = start;
347 	for (ss = startst; ss < stopst; ss = es) {
348 		/* identify end of subRE */
349 		es = ss;
350 		switch (OP(m->g->strip[es])) {
351 		case OPLUS_:
352 		case OQUEST_:
353 			es += OPND(m->g->strip[es]);
354 			break;
355 		case OCH_:
356 			while (OP(m->g->strip[es]) != O_CH)
357 				es += OPND(m->g->strip[es]);
358 			break;
359 		}
360 		es++;
361 
362 		/* figure out what it matched */
363 		switch (OP(m->g->strip[ss])) {
364 		case OEND:
365 			assert(nope);
366 			break;
367 		case OCHAR:
368 			sp++;
369 			break;
370 		case OBOL:
371 		case OEOL:
372 		case OBOW:
373 		case OEOW:
374 			break;
375 		case OANY:
376 		case OANYOF:
377 			sp++;
378 			break;
379 		case OBACK_:
380 		case O_BACK:
381 			assert(nope);
382 			break;
383 		/* cases where length of match is hard to find */
384 		case OQUEST_:
385 			stp = stop;
386 			for (;;) {
387 				/* how long could this one be? */
388 				rest = slow(m, sp, stp, ss, es);
389 				assert(rest != NULL);	/* it did match */
390 				/* could the rest match the rest? */
391 				tail = slow(m, rest, stop, es, stopst);
392 				if (tail == stop)
393 					break;		/* yes! */
394 				/* no -- try a shorter match for this one */
395 				stp = rest - 1;
396 				assert(stp >= sp);	/* it did work */
397 			}
398 			ssub = ss + 1;
399 			esub = es - 1;
400 			/* did innards match? */
401 			if (slow(m, sp, rest, ssub, esub) != NULL) {
402 #ifdef NDEBUG
403 				(void)
404 #else
405 				dp =
406 #endif
407 				    dissect(m, sp, rest, ssub, esub);
408 				assert(dp == rest);
409 			} else		/* no */
410 				assert(sp == rest);
411 			sp = rest;
412 			break;
413 		case OPLUS_:
414 			stp = stop;
415 			for (;;) {
416 				/* how long could this one be? */
417 				rest = slow(m, sp, stp, ss, es);
418 				assert(rest != NULL);	/* it did match */
419 				/* could the rest match the rest? */
420 				tail = slow(m, rest, stop, es, stopst);
421 				if (tail == stop)
422 					break;		/* yes! */
423 				/* no -- try a shorter match for this one */
424 				stp = rest - 1;
425 				assert(stp >= sp);	/* it did work */
426 			}
427 			ssub = ss + 1;
428 			esub = es - 1;
429 			ssp = sp;
430 			oldssp = ssp;
431 			for (;;) {	/* find last match of innards */
432 				sep = slow(m, ssp, rest, ssub, esub);
433 				if (sep == NULL || sep == ssp)
434 					break;	/* failed or matched null */
435 				oldssp = ssp;	/* on to next try */
436 				ssp = sep;
437 			}
438 			if (sep == NULL) {
439 				/* last successful match */
440 				sep = ssp;
441 				ssp = oldssp;
442 			}
443 			assert(sep == rest);	/* must exhaust substring */
444 			assert(slow(m, ssp, sep, ssub, esub) == rest);
445 #ifdef NDEBUG
446 			(void)
447 #else
448 			dp =
449 #endif
450 			    dissect(m, ssp, sep, ssub, esub);
451 			assert(dp == sep);
452 			sp = rest;
453 			break;
454 		case OCH_:
455 			stp = stop;
456 			for (;;) {
457 				/* how long could this one be? */
458 				rest = slow(m, sp, stp, ss, es);
459 				assert(rest != NULL);	/* it did match */
460 				/* could the rest match the rest? */
461 				tail = slow(m, rest, stop, es, stopst);
462 				if (tail == stop)
463 					break;		/* yes! */
464 				/* no -- try a shorter match for this one */
465 				stp = rest - 1;
466 				assert(stp >= sp);	/* it did work */
467 			}
468 			ssub = ss + 1;
469 			esub = ss + OPND(m->g->strip[ss]) - 1;
470 			assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR1);
471 			for (;;) {	/* find first matching branch */
472 				if (slow(m, sp, rest, ssub, esub) == rest)
473 					break;	/* it matched all of it */
474 				/* that one missed, try next one */
475 				assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR1);
476 				esub++;
477 				assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR2);
478 				ssub = esub + 1;
479 				esub += OPND(m->g->strip[esub]);
480 				if (OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR2)
481 					esub--;
482 				else
483 					assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == O_CH);
484 			}
485 #ifdef NDEBUG
486 			(void)
487 #else
488 			dp =
489 #endif
490 			    dissect(m, sp, rest, ssub, esub);
491 			assert(dp == rest);
492 			sp = rest;
493 			break;
494 		case O_PLUS:
495 		case O_QUEST:
496 		case OOR1:
497 		case OOR2:
498 		case O_CH:
499 			assert(nope);
500 			break;
501 		case OLPAREN:
502 			i = OPND(m->g->strip[ss]);
503 			assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
504 			m->pmatch[i].rm_so = sp - m->offp;
505 			break;
506 		case ORPAREN:
507 			i = OPND(m->g->strip[ss]);
508 			assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
509 			m->pmatch[i].rm_eo = sp - m->offp;
510 			break;
511 		default:		/* uh oh */
512 			assert(nope);
513 			break;
514 		}
515 	}
516 
517 	assert(sp == stop);
518 	return(sp);
519 }
520 
521 /*
522  - backref - figure out what matched what, figuring in back references
523  == static char *backref(struct match *m, char *start, \
524  ==	char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst, sopno lev);
525  */
526 static char *			/* == stop (success) or NULL (failure) */
527 backref(m, start, stop, startst, stopst, lev)
528 struct match *m;
529 char *start;
530 char *stop;
531 sopno startst;
532 sopno stopst;
533 sopno lev;			/* PLUS nesting level */
534 {
535 	int i;
536 	sopno ss;	/* start sop of current subRE */
537 	char *sp;	/* start of string matched by it */
538 	sopno ssub;	/* start sop of subsubRE */
539 	sopno esub;	/* end sop of subsubRE */
540 	char *ssp;	/* start of string matched by subsubRE */
541 	char *dp;
542 	size_t len;
543 	int hard;
544 	sop s;
545 	regoff_t offsave;
546 	cset *cs;
547 
548 	_DIAGASSERT(m != NULL);
549 	_DIAGASSERT(start != NULL);
550 	_DIAGASSERT(stop != NULL);
551 
552 	AT("back", start, stop, startst, stopst);
553 	sp = start;
554 
555 	/* get as far as we can with easy stuff */
556 	hard = 0;
557 	for (ss = startst; !hard && ss < stopst; ss++)
558 		switch (OP(s = m->g->strip[ss])) {
559 		case OCHAR:
560 			if (sp == stop || *sp++ != (char)OPND(s))
561 				return(NULL);
562 			break;
563 		case OANY:
564 			if (sp == stop)
565 				return(NULL);
566 			sp++;
567 			break;
568 		case OANYOF:
569 			cs = &m->g->sets[OPND(s)];
570 			if (sp == stop || !CHIN(cs, *sp++))
571 				return(NULL);
572 			break;
573 		case OBOL:
574 			if ( (sp == m->beginp && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTBOL)) ||
575 					(sp < m->endp && *(sp-1) == '\n' &&
576 						(m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)) )
577 				{ /* yes */ }
578 			else
579 				return(NULL);
580 			break;
581 		case OEOL:
582 			if ( (sp == m->endp && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTEOL)) ||
583 					(sp < m->endp && *sp == '\n' &&
584 						(m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)) )
585 				{ /* yes */ }
586 			else
587 				return(NULL);
588 			break;
589 		case OBOW:
590 			if (( (sp == m->beginp && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTBOL)) ||
591 					(sp < m->endp && *(sp-1) == '\n' &&
592 						(m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)) ||
593 					(sp > m->beginp &&
594 							!ISWORD(*(sp-1))) ) &&
595 					(sp < m->endp && ISWORD(*sp)) )
596 				{ /* yes */ }
597 			else
598 				return(NULL);
599 			break;
600 		case OEOW:
601 			if (( (sp == m->endp && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTEOL)) ||
602 					(sp < m->endp && *sp == '\n' &&
603 						(m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)) ||
604 					(sp < m->endp && !ISWORD(*sp)) ) &&
605 					(sp > m->beginp && ISWORD(*(sp-1))) )
606 				{ /* yes */ }
607 			else
608 				return(NULL);
609 			break;
610 		case O_QUEST:
611 			break;
612 		case OOR1:	/* matches null but needs to skip */
613 			ss++;
614 			s = m->g->strip[ss];
615 			do {
616 				assert(OP(s) == OOR2);
617 				ss += OPND(s);
618 			} while (OP(s = m->g->strip[ss]) != O_CH);
619 			/* note that the ss++ gets us past the O_CH */
620 			break;
621 		default:	/* have to make a choice */
622 			hard = 1;
623 			break;
624 		}
625 	if (!hard) {		/* that was it! */
626 		if (sp != stop)
627 			return(NULL);
628 		return(sp);
629 	}
630 	ss--;			/* adjust for the for's final increment */
631 
632 	/* the hard stuff */
633 	AT("hard", sp, stop, ss, stopst);
634 	s = m->g->strip[ss];
635 	switch (OP(s)) {
636 	case OBACK_:		/* the vilest depths */
637 		i = OPND(s);
638 		assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
639 		if (m->pmatch[i].rm_eo == (regoff_t)-1)
640 			return(NULL);
641 		assert(m->pmatch[i].rm_so != (regoff_t)-1);
642 		len = (size_t)(m->pmatch[i].rm_eo - m->pmatch[i].rm_so);
643 		assert(stop - m->beginp >= len);
644 		if (sp > stop - len)
645 			return(NULL);	/* not enough left to match */
646 		ssp = m->offp + (size_t)m->pmatch[i].rm_so;
647 		if (memcmp(sp, ssp, len) != 0)
648 			return(NULL);
649 		while (m->g->strip[ss] != SOP(O_BACK, i))
650 			ss++;
651 		return(backref(m, sp+len, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev));
652 
653 	case OQUEST_:		/* to null or not */
654 		dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev);
655 		if (dp != NULL)
656 			return(dp);	/* not */
657 		return(backref(m, sp, stop, ss+OPND(s)+1, stopst, lev));
658 
659 	case OPLUS_:
660 		assert(m->lastpos != NULL);
661 		assert(lev+1 <= m->g->nplus);
662 		m->lastpos[lev+1] = sp;
663 		return(backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev+1));
664 
665 	case O_PLUS:
666 		if (sp == m->lastpos[lev])	/* last pass matched null */
667 			return(backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev-1));
668 		/* try another pass */
669 		m->lastpos[lev] = sp;
670 		dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss-OPND(s)+1, stopst, lev);
671 		if (dp == NULL)
672 			dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev-1);
673 		return(dp);
674 
675 	case OCH_:		/* find the right one, if any */
676 		ssub = ss + 1;
677 		esub = ss + OPND(s) - 1;
678 		assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR1);
679 		for (;;) {	/* find first matching branch */
680 			dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ssub, esub, lev);
681 			if (dp != NULL)
682 				return(dp);
683 			/* that one missed, try next one */
684 			if (OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == O_CH)
685 				return(NULL);	/* there is none */
686 			esub++;
687 			assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR2);
688 			ssub = esub + 1;
689 			esub += OPND(m->g->strip[esub]);
690 			if (OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == OOR2)
691 				esub--;
692 			else
693 				assert(OP(m->g->strip[esub]) == O_CH);
694 		}
695 
696 	case OLPAREN:		/* must undo assignment if rest fails */
697 		i = OPND(s);
698 		assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
699 		offsave = m->pmatch[i].rm_so;
700 		m->pmatch[i].rm_so = sp - m->offp;
701 		dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev);
702 		if (dp != NULL)
703 			return(dp);
704 		m->pmatch[i].rm_so = offsave;
705 		return(NULL);
706 
707 	case ORPAREN:		/* must undo assignment if rest fails */
708 		i = OPND(s);
709 		assert(0 < i && i <= m->g->nsub);
710 		offsave = m->pmatch[i].rm_eo;
711 		m->pmatch[i].rm_eo = sp - m->offp;
712 		dp = backref(m, sp, stop, ss+1, stopst, lev);
713 		if (dp != NULL)
714 			return(dp);
715 		m->pmatch[i].rm_eo = offsave;
716 		return(NULL);
717 
718 	default:		/* uh oh */
719 		assert(nope);
720 		break;
721 	}
722 
723 	/* "can't happen" */
724 	assert(nope);
725 	/* NOTREACHED */
726 	return NULL;
727 }
728 
729 /*
730  - fast - step through the string at top speed
731  == static char *fast(struct match *m, char *start, \
732  ==	char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst);
733  */
734 static char *			/* where tentative match ended, or NULL */
735 fast(m, start, stop, startst, stopst)
736 struct match *m;
737 char *start;
738 char *stop;
739 sopno startst;
740 sopno stopst;
741 {
742 	states st = m->st;
743 	states fresh = m->fresh;
744 	states tmp = m->tmp;
745 	char *p = start;
746 	int c = (start == m->beginp) ? OUT : *(start-1);
747 	int lastc;	/* previous c */
748 	int flagch;
749 	int i;
750 	char *coldp;	/* last p after which no match was underway */
751 
752 	_DIAGASSERT(m != NULL);
753 	_DIAGASSERT(start != NULL);
754 	_DIAGASSERT(stop != NULL);
755 
756 	CLEAR(st);
757 	SET1(st, startst);
758 	st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, NOTHING, st);
759 	ASSIGN(fresh, st);
760 	SP("start", st, *p);
761 	coldp = NULL;
762 	for (;;) {
763 		/* next character */
764 		lastc = c;
765 		c = (p == m->endp) ? OUT : *p;
766 		if (EQ(st, fresh))
767 			coldp = p;
768 
769 		/* is there an EOL and/or BOL between lastc and c? */
770 		flagch = '\0';
771 		i = 0;
772 		if ( (lastc == '\n' && m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE) ||
773 				(lastc == OUT && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTBOL)) ) {
774 			flagch = BOL;
775 			i = m->g->nbol;
776 		}
777 		if ( (c == '\n' && m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE) ||
778 				(c == OUT && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTEOL)) ) {
779 			flagch = (flagch == BOL) ? BOLEOL : EOL;
780 			i += m->g->neol;
781 		}
782 		if (i != 0) {
783 			for (; i > 0; i--)
784 				st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, flagch, st);
785 			SP("boleol", st, c);
786 		}
787 
788 		/* how about a word boundary? */
789 		if ( (flagch == BOL || (lastc != OUT && !ISWORD(lastc))) &&
790 					(c != OUT && ISWORD(c)) ) {
791 			flagch = BOW;
792 		}
793 		if ( (lastc != OUT && ISWORD(lastc)) &&
794 				(flagch == EOL || (c != OUT && !ISWORD(c))) ) {
795 			flagch = EOW;
796 		}
797 		if (flagch == BOW || flagch == EOW) {
798 			st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, flagch, st);
799 			SP("boweow", st, c);
800 		}
801 
802 		/* are we done? */
803 		if (ISSET(st, stopst) || p == stop)
804 			break;		/* NOTE BREAK OUT */
805 
806 		/* no, we must deal with this character */
807 		ASSIGN(tmp, st);
808 		ASSIGN(st, fresh);
809 		assert(c != OUT);
810 		st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, tmp, c, st);
811 		SP("aft", st, c);
812 		assert(EQ(step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, NOTHING, st), st));
813 		p++;
814 	}
815 
816 	assert(coldp != NULL);
817 	m->coldp = coldp;
818 	if (ISSET(st, stopst))
819 		return(p+1);
820 	else
821 		return(NULL);
822 }
823 
824 /*
825  - slow - step through the string more deliberately
826  == static char *slow(struct match *m, char *start, \
827  ==	char *stop, sopno startst, sopno stopst);
828  */
829 static char *			/* where it ended */
830 slow(m, start, stop, startst, stopst)
831 struct match *m;
832 char *start;
833 char *stop;
834 sopno startst;
835 sopno stopst;
836 {
837 	states st = m->st;
838 	states empty = m->empty;
839 	states tmp = m->tmp;
840 	char *p = start;
841 	int c = (start == m->beginp) ? OUT : *(start-1);
842 	int lastc;	/* previous c */
843 	int flagch;
844 	int i;
845 	char *matchp;	/* last p at which a match ended */
846 
847 	_DIAGASSERT(m != NULL);
848 	_DIAGASSERT(start != NULL);
849 	_DIAGASSERT(stop != NULL);
850 
851 	AT("slow", start, stop, startst, stopst);
852 	CLEAR(st);
853 	SET1(st, startst);
854 	SP("sstart", st, *p);
855 	st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, NOTHING, st);
856 	matchp = NULL;
857 	for (;;) {
858 		/* next character */
859 		lastc = c;
860 		c = (p == m->endp) ? OUT : *p;
861 
862 		/* is there an EOL and/or BOL between lastc and c? */
863 		flagch = '\0';
864 		i = 0;
865 		if ( (lastc == '\n' && m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE) ||
866 				(lastc == OUT && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTBOL)) ) {
867 			flagch = BOL;
868 			i = m->g->nbol;
869 		}
870 		if ( (c == '\n' && m->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE) ||
871 				(c == OUT && !(m->eflags&REG_NOTEOL)) ) {
872 			flagch = (flagch == BOL) ? BOLEOL : EOL;
873 			i += m->g->neol;
874 		}
875 		if (i != 0) {
876 			for (; i > 0; i--)
877 				st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, flagch, st);
878 			SP("sboleol", st, c);
879 		}
880 
881 		/* how about a word boundary? */
882 		if ( (flagch == BOL || (lastc != OUT && !ISWORD(lastc))) &&
883 					(c != OUT && ISWORD(c)) ) {
884 			flagch = BOW;
885 		}
886 		if ( (lastc != OUT && ISWORD(lastc)) &&
887 				(flagch == EOL || (c != OUT && !ISWORD(c))) ) {
888 			flagch = EOW;
889 		}
890 		if (flagch == BOW || flagch == EOW) {
891 			st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, flagch, st);
892 			SP("sboweow", st, c);
893 		}
894 
895 		/* are we done? */
896 		if (ISSET(st, stopst))
897 			matchp = p;
898 		if (EQ(st, empty) || p == stop)
899 			break;		/* NOTE BREAK OUT */
900 
901 		/* no, we must deal with this character */
902 		ASSIGN(tmp, st);
903 		ASSIGN(st, empty);
904 		assert(c != OUT);
905 		st = step(m->g, startst, stopst, tmp, c, st);
906 		SP("saft", st, c);
907 		assert(EQ(step(m->g, startst, stopst, st, NOTHING, st), st));
908 		p++;
909 	}
910 
911 	return(matchp);
912 }
913 
914 
915 /*
916  - step - map set of states reachable before char to set reachable after
917  == static states step(struct re_guts *g, sopno start, sopno stop, \
918  ==	states bef, int ch, states aft);
919  == #define	BOL	(OUT+1)
920  == #define	EOL	(BOL+1)
921  == #define	BOLEOL	(BOL+2)
922  == #define	NOTHING	(BOL+3)
923  == #define	BOW	(BOL+4)
924  == #define	EOW	(BOL+5)
925  == #define	CODEMAX	(BOL+5)		// highest code used
926  == #define	NONCHAR(c)	((c) > CHAR_MAX)
927  == #define	NNONCHAR	(CODEMAX-CHAR_MAX)
928  */
929 static states
930 step(g, start, stop, bef, ch, aft)
931 struct re_guts *g;
932 sopno start;			/* start state within strip */
933 sopno stop;			/* state after stop state within strip */
934 states bef;		/* states reachable before */
935 int ch;				/* character or NONCHAR code */
936 states aft;		/* states already known reachable after */
937 {
938 	cset *cs;
939 	sop s;
940 	sopno pc;
941 	onestate here;		/* note, macros know this name */
942 	sopno look;
943 	int i;
944 
945 	_DIAGASSERT(g != NULL);
946 
947 	for (pc = start, INIT(here, pc); pc != stop; pc++, INC(here)) {
948 		s = g->strip[pc];
949 		switch (OP(s)) {
950 		case OEND:
951 			assert(pc == stop-1);
952 			break;
953 		case OCHAR:
954 			/* only characters can match */
955 			assert(!NONCHAR(ch) || ch != (char)OPND(s));
956 			if (ch == (char)OPND(s))
957 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
958 			break;
959 		case OBOL:
960 			if (ch == BOL || ch == BOLEOL)
961 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
962 			break;
963 		case OEOL:
964 			if (ch == EOL || ch == BOLEOL)
965 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
966 			break;
967 		case OBOW:
968 			if (ch == BOW)
969 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
970 			break;
971 		case OEOW:
972 			if (ch == EOW)
973 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
974 			break;
975 		case OANY:
976 			if (!NONCHAR(ch))
977 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
978 			break;
979 		case OANYOF:
980 			cs = &g->sets[OPND(s)];
981 			if (!NONCHAR(ch) && CHIN(cs, ch))
982 				FWD(aft, bef, 1);
983 			break;
984 		case OBACK_:		/* ignored here */
985 		case O_BACK:
986 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
987 			break;
988 		case OPLUS_:		/* forward, this is just an empty */
989 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
990 			break;
991 		case O_PLUS:		/* both forward and back */
992 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
993 			i = ISSETBACK(aft, OPND(s));
994 			BACK(aft, aft, OPND(s));
995 			if (!i && ISSETBACK(aft, OPND(s))) {
996 				/* oho, must reconsider loop body */
997 				pc -= OPND(s) + 1;
998 				INIT(here, pc);
999 			}
1000 			break;
1001 		case OQUEST_:		/* two branches, both forward */
1002 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
1003 			FWD(aft, aft, OPND(s));
1004 			break;
1005 		case O_QUEST:		/* just an empty */
1006 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
1007 			break;
1008 		case OLPAREN:		/* not significant here */
1009 		case ORPAREN:
1010 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
1011 			break;
1012 		case OCH_:		/* mark the first two branches */
1013 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
1014 			assert(OP(g->strip[pc+OPND(s)]) == OOR2);
1015 			FWD(aft, aft, OPND(s));
1016 			break;
1017 		case OOR1:		/* done a branch, find the O_CH */
1018 			if (ISSTATEIN(aft, here)) {
1019 				for (look = 1;
1020 						OP(s = g->strip[pc+look]) != O_CH;
1021 						look += OPND(s))
1022 					assert(OP(s) == OOR2);
1023 				FWD(aft, aft, look);
1024 			}
1025 			break;
1026 		case OOR2:		/* propagate OCH_'s marking */
1027 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
1028 			if (OP(g->strip[pc+OPND(s)]) != O_CH) {
1029 				assert(OP(g->strip[pc+OPND(s)]) == OOR2);
1030 				FWD(aft, aft, OPND(s));
1031 			}
1032 			break;
1033 		case O_CH:		/* just empty */
1034 			FWD(aft, aft, 1);
1035 			break;
1036 		default:		/* ooooops... */
1037 			assert(nope);
1038 			break;
1039 		}
1040 	}
1041 
1042 	return(aft);
1043 }
1044 
1045 #ifdef REDEBUG
1046 /*
1047  - print - print a set of states
1048  == #ifdef REDEBUG
1049  == static void print(struct match *m, char *caption, states st, \
1050  ==	int ch, FILE *d);
1051  == #endif
1052  */
1053 static void
1054 print(m, caption, st, ch, d)
1055 struct match *m;
1056 char *caption;
1057 states st;
1058 int ch;
1059 FILE *d;
1060 {
1061 	struct re_guts *g = m->g;
1062 	int i;
1063 	int first = 1;
1064 
1065 	_DIAGASSERT(m != NULL);
1066 	_DIAGASSERT(caption != NULL);
1067 
1068 	if (!(m->eflags&REG_TRACE))
1069 		return;
1070 
1071 	_DIAGASSERT(d != NULL);
1072 
1073 	fprintf(d, "%s", caption);
1074 	if (ch != '\0')
1075 		fprintf(d, " %s", pchar(ch));
1076 	for (i = 0; i < g->nstates; i++)
1077 		if (ISSET(st, i)) {
1078 			fprintf(d, "%s%d", (first) ? "\t" : ", ", i);
1079 			first = 0;
1080 		}
1081 	fprintf(d, "\n");
1082 }
1083 
1084 /*
1085  - at - print current situation
1086  == #ifdef REDEBUG
1087  == static void at(struct match *m, char *title, char *start, char *stop, \
1088  ==						sopno startst, sopno stopst);
1089  == #endif
1090  */
1091 static void
1092 at(m, title, start, stop, startst, stopst)
1093 struct match *m;
1094 char *title;
1095 char *start;
1096 char *stop;
1097 sopno startst;
1098 sopno stopst;
1099 {
1100 
1101 	_DIAGASSERT(m != NULL);
1102 	_DIAGASSERT(title != NULL);
1103 	_DIAGASSERT(start != NULL);
1104 	_DIAGASSERT(stop != NULL);
1105 
1106 	if (!(m->eflags&REG_TRACE))
1107 		return;
1108 
1109 	printf("%s %s-", title, pchar(*start));
1110 	printf("%s ", pchar(*stop));
1111 	printf("%ld-%ld\n", (long)startst, (long)stopst);
1112 }
1113 
1114 #ifndef PCHARDONE
1115 #define	PCHARDONE	/* never again */
1116 /*
1117  - pchar - make a character printable
1118  == #ifdef REDEBUG
1119  == static char *pchar(int ch);
1120  == #endif
1121  *
1122  * Is this identical to regchar() over in debug.c?  Well, yes.  But a
1123  * duplicate here avoids having a debugging-capable regexec.o tied to
1124  * a matching debug.o, and this is convenient.  It all disappears in
1125  * the non-debug compilation anyway, so it doesn't matter much.
1126  */
1127 static char *			/* -> representation */
1128 pchar(ch)
1129 int ch;
1130 {
1131 	static char pbuf[10];
1132 
1133 	if (isprint(ch) || ch == ' ')
1134 		(void)snprintf(pbuf, sizeof pbuf, "%c", ch);
1135 	else
1136 		(void)snprintf(pbuf, sizeof pbuf, "\\%o", ch);
1137 	return(pbuf);
1138 }
1139 #endif
1140 #endif
1141 
1142 #undef	matcher
1143 #undef	fast
1144 #undef	slow
1145 #undef	dissect
1146 #undef	backref
1147 #undef	step
1148 #undef	print
1149 #undef	at
1150 #undef	match
1151