xref: /netbsd-src/include/stdio.h (revision a536ee5124e62c9a0051a252f7833dc8f50f44c9)
1 /*	$NetBSD: stdio.h,v 1.82 2012/04/18 19:30:15 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Chris Torek.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
35  */
36 
37 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
38 #define	_STDIO_H_
39 
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 #include <sys/featuretest.h>
42 #include <sys/ansi.h>
43 
44 #ifdef	_BSD_SIZE_T_
45 typedef	_BSD_SIZE_T_	size_t;
46 #undef	_BSD_SIZE_T_
47 #endif
48 #ifdef	_BSD_SSIZE_T_
49 typedef	_BSD_SSIZE_T_	ssize_t;
50 #undef	_BSD_SSIZE_T_
51 #endif
52 
53 #if defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE)
54 #ifndef __VA_LIST_DECLARED
55 typedef __va_list va_list;
56 #define __VA_LIST_DECLARED
57 #endif
58 #endif
59 
60 #include <sys/null.h>
61 
62 /*
63  * This is fairly grotesque, but pure ANSI code must not inspect the
64  * innards of an fpos_t anyway.  The library internally uses off_t,
65  * which we assume is exactly as big as eight chars.
66  */
67 typedef struct __sfpos {
68 	__off_t _pos;
69 	__mbstate_t _mbstate_in, _mbstate_out;
70 } fpos_t;
71 
72 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
73 
74 /*
75  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
76  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
77  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
78  */
79 
80 /* stdio buffers */
81 struct __sbuf {
82 	unsigned char *_base;
83 	int	_size;
84 };
85 
86 /*
87  * stdio state variables.
88  *
89  * The following always hold:
90  *
91  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
92  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
93  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
94  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
95  *
96  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
97  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
98  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
99  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
100  *
101  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
102  * code as compact as possible.
103  *
104  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
105  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
106  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
107  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
108  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
109  *
110  * NB: see WARNING above before changing the layout of this structure!
111  */
112 typedef	struct __sFILE {
113 	unsigned char *_p;	/* current position in (some) buffer */
114 	int	_r;		/* read space left for getc() */
115 	int	_w;		/* write space left for putc() */
116 	unsigned short _flags;	/* flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
117 	short	_file;		/* fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
118 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
119 	int	_lbfsize;	/* 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
120 
121 	/* operations */
122 	void	*_cookie;	/* cookie passed to io functions */
123 	int	(*_close)(void *);
124 	ssize_t	(*_read) (void *, void *, size_t);
125 	__off_t	(*_seek) (void *, __off_t, int);
126 	ssize_t	(*_write)(void *, const void *, size_t);
127 
128 	/* file extension */
129 	struct	__sbuf _ext;
130 
131 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
132 	unsigned char *_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
133 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
134 
135 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
136 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
137 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
138 
139 	int	(*_flush)(void *);
140 	/* Formerly used by fgetln/fgetwln; kept for binary compatibility */
141 	char	_lb_unused[sizeof(struct __sbuf) - sizeof(int (*)(void *))];
142 
143 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
144 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
145 	__off_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset */
146 } FILE;
147 
148 __BEGIN_DECLS
149 extern FILE __sF[3];
150 __END_DECLS
151 
152 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
153 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
154 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
155 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
156 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
157 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
158 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
159 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
160 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _buf is from malloc */
161 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
162 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
163 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
164 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
165 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
166 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
167 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
168 
169 /*
170  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
171  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
172  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
173  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
174  *
175  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
176  * does not rely on this.
177  */
178 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
179 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
180 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
181 
182 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
183 #define	EOF	(-1)
184 
185 /*
186  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
187  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
188  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
189  */
190 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
191 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
192 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
193 
194 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
195 #if defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
196 #define	P_tmpdir	"/var/tmp/"
197 #endif
198 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
199 /* Always ensure that this is consistent with <limits.h> */
200 #ifndef TMP_MAX
201 #define TMP_MAX			308915776	/* Legacy */
202 #endif
203 
204 /* Always ensure that these are consistent with <fcntl.h> and <unistd.h>! */
205 #ifndef SEEK_SET
206 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
207 #endif
208 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
209 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
210 #endif
211 #ifndef SEEK_END
212 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
213 #endif
214 
215 #define	stdin	(&__sF[0])
216 #define	stdout	(&__sF[1])
217 #define	stderr	(&__sF[2])
218 
219 /*
220  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
221  */
222 __BEGIN_DECLS
223 void	 clearerr(FILE *);
224 int	 fclose(FILE *);
225 int	 feof(FILE *);
226 int	 ferror(FILE *);
227 int	 fflush(FILE *);
228 int	 fgetc(FILE *);
229 char	*fgets(char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict);
230 FILE	*fopen(const char * __restrict , const char * __restrict);
231 int	 fprintf(FILE * __restrict , const char * __restrict, ...)
232 		__printflike(2, 3);
233 int	 fputc(int, FILE *);
234 int	 fputs(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
235 size_t	 fread(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
236 FILE	*freopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
237 	    FILE * __restrict);
238 int	 fscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...)
239 		__scanflike(2, 3);
240 int	 fseek(FILE *, long, int);
241 long	 ftell(FILE *);
242 size_t	 fwrite(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
243 int	 getc(FILE *);
244 int	 getchar(void);
245 ssize_t	 getdelim(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, int,
246 	    FILE * __restrict);
247 ssize_t	 getline(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
248 void	 perror(const char *);
249 int	 printf(const char * __restrict, ...)
250 		__printflike(1, 2);
251 int	 putc(int, FILE *);
252 int	 putchar(int);
253 int	 puts(const char *);
254 int	 remove(const char *);
255 void	 rewind(FILE *);
256 int	 scanf(const char * __restrict, ...)
257 		__scanflike(1, 2);
258 void	 setbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict);
259 int	 setvbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t);
260 int	 sscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...)
261 		__scanflike(2, 3);
262 FILE	*tmpfile(void);
263 int	 ungetc(int, FILE *);
264 int	 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
265 		__printflike(2, 0);
266 int	 vprintf(const char * __restrict, __va_list)
267 		__printflike(1, 0);
268 
269 #ifndef __AUDIT__
270 char	*gets(char *);
271 int	 sprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...)
272 		__printflike(2, 3);
273 char	*tmpnam(char *);
274 int	 vsprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
275     __va_list)
276 		__printflike(2, 0);
277 #endif
278 
279 #if defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) || defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE)
280 int	 rename (const char *, const char *) __RENAME(__posix_rename);
281 #else
282 int	 rename (const char *, const char *);
283 #endif
284 __END_DECLS
285 
286 #ifndef __LIBC12_SOURCE__
287 int	 fgetpos(FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict) __RENAME(__fgetpos50);
288 int	 fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *) __RENAME(__fsetpos50);
289 #endif
290 /*
291  * IEEE Std 1003.1-90
292  */
293 #if defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) || defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || \
294     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
295 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(); PATH_MAX */
296 #define L_cuserid	9	/* size for cuserid(); UT_NAMESIZE + 1 */
297 
298 __BEGIN_DECLS
299 char	*ctermid(char *);
300 #ifndef __CUSERID_DECLARED
301 #define __CUSERID_DECLARED
302 /* also declared in unistd.h */
303 char	*cuserid(char *);
304 #endif /* __CUSERID_DECLARED */
305 FILE	*fdopen(int, const char *);
306 int	 fileno(FILE *);
307 __END_DECLS
308 #endif /* not ANSI */
309 
310 /*
311  * IEEE Std 1003.1c-95, also adopted by X/Open CAE Spec Issue 5 Version 2
312  */
313 #if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 199506L || (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 500 || \
314     defined(_REENTRANT) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
315 __BEGIN_DECLS
316 void	flockfile(FILE *);
317 int	ftrylockfile(FILE *);
318 void	funlockfile(FILE *);
319 int	getc_unlocked(FILE *);
320 int	getchar_unlocked(void);
321 int	putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
322 int	putchar_unlocked(int);
323 __END_DECLS
324 #endif /* _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 1995056 || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || ... */
325 
326 /*
327  * Functions defined in POSIX 1003.2 and XPG2 or later.
328  */
329 #if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 2 || (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 2 || \
330     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
331 __BEGIN_DECLS
332 int	 pclose(FILE *);
333 FILE	*popen(const char *, const char *);
334 __END_DECLS
335 #endif
336 
337 /*
338  * Functions defined in ISO XPG4.2, ISO C99, POSIX 1003.1-2001 or later.
339  */
340 #if ((__STDC_VERSION__ - 0) >= 199901L) || \
341     ((_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 200112L) || \
342     (defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) && defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED)) || \
343     ((_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 500) || \
344     defined(_ISOC99_SOURCE) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
345 __BEGIN_DECLS
346 int	 snprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict, ...)
347 		__printflike(3, 4);
348 int	 vsnprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
349 	    __va_list)
350 		__printflike(3, 0);
351 __END_DECLS
352 #endif
353 
354 /*
355  * Functions defined in XPG4.2.
356  */
357 #if defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
358 __BEGIN_DECLS
359 int	 getw(FILE *);
360 int	 putw(int, FILE *);
361 
362 #ifndef __AUDIT__
363 char	*tempnam(const char *, const char *);
364 #endif
365 __END_DECLS
366 #endif
367 
368 /*
369  * X/Open CAE Specification Issue 5 Version 2
370  */
371 #if (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 500 || defined(_LARGEFILE_SOURCE) || \
372     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
373 #ifndef	off_t
374 typedef	__off_t		off_t;
375 #define	off_t		__off_t
376 #endif /* off_t */
377 
378 __BEGIN_DECLS
379 int	 fseeko(FILE *, off_t, int);
380 off_t	 ftello(FILE *);
381 __END_DECLS
382 #endif /* _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || _LARGEFILE_SOURCE || _NETBSD_SOURCE */
383 
384 /*
385  * Functions defined in ISO C99.  Still put under _NETBSD_SOURCE due to
386  * backward compatible.
387  */
388 #if defined(_ISOC99_SOURCE) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
389 __BEGIN_DECLS
390 int	 vscanf(const char * __restrict, __va_list)
391 		__scanflike(1, 0);
392 int	 vfscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
393 		__scanflike(2, 0);
394 int	 vsscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
395     __va_list)
396     __scanflike(2, 0);
397 __END_DECLS
398 #endif /* _ISOC99_SOURCE || _NETBSD_SOURCE */
399 
400 /*
401  * Routines that are purely local.
402  */
403 #if defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
404 
405 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCESC	0x01
406 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCCONT	0x02
407 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCCOMM	0x04
408 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCREST	0x08
409 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCALL	0x0f
410 
411 __BEGIN_DECLS
412 int	 asprintf(char ** __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...)
413 		__printflike(2, 3);
414 char	*fgetln(FILE * __restrict, size_t * __restrict);
415 char	*fparseln(FILE *, size_t *, size_t *, const char[3], int);
416 int	 fpurge(FILE *);
417 void	 setbuffer(FILE *, char *, int);
418 int	 setlinebuf(FILE *);
419 int	 vasprintf(char ** __restrict, const char * __restrict,
420     __va_list)
421 		__printflike(2, 0);
422 const char *fmtcheck(const char *, const char *)
423 		__format_arg(2);
424 __END_DECLS
425 
426 /*
427  * Stdio function-access interface.
428  */
429 __BEGIN_DECLS
430 FILE	*funopen(const void *,
431     int (*)(void *, char *, int),
432     int (*)(void *, const char *, int),
433     off_t (*)(void *, off_t, int),
434     int (*)(void *));
435 FILE	*funopen2(const void *,
436     ssize_t (*)(void *, void *, size_t),
437     ssize_t (*)(void *, const void *, size_t),
438     off_t (*)(void *, off_t, int),
439     int (*)(void *),
440     int (*)(void *));
441 __END_DECLS
442 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
443 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
444 #define	fropen2(cookie, fn) funopen2(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0, 0)
445 #define	fwopen2(cookie, fn) funopen2(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0, 0)
446 #endif /* _NETBSD_SOURCE */
447 
448 /*
449  * Functions internal to the implementation.
450  */
451 __BEGIN_DECLS
452 int	__srget(FILE *);
453 int	__swbuf(int, FILE *);
454 __END_DECLS
455 
456 /*
457  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
458  * define function versions in the C library.
459  */
460 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
461 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
462 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
463 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
464 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
465 	else
466 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
467 }
468 #else
469 /*
470  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
471  */
472 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
473 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
474 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
475 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
476 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
477 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
478 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
479 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
480 #endif
481 
482 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
483 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
484 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
485 #define	__sfileno(p)	\
486     ((p)->_file == -1 ? -1 : (int)(unsigned short)(p)->_file)
487 
488 #ifndef __lint__
489 #if !defined(_REENTRANT) && !defined(_PTHREADS)
490 #define	feof(p)		__sfeof(p)
491 #define	ferror(p)	__sferror(p)
492 #define	clearerr(p)	__sclearerr(p)
493 
494 #define	getc(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
495 #define putc(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
496 #endif /* !_REENTRANT && !_PTHREADS */
497 #endif /* __lint__ */
498 
499 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
500 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
501 
502 #if defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) || defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || \
503     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
504 #if !defined(_REENTRANT) && !defined(_PTHREADS)
505 #define	fileno(p)	__sfileno(p)
506 #endif /* !_REENTRANT && !_PTHREADS */
507 #endif /* !_ANSI_SOURCE */
508 
509 #if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 200809L || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
510 int	 vdprintf(int, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
511 		__printflike(2, 0);
512 int	 dprintf(int, const char * __restrict, ...)
513 		__printflike(2, 3);
514 #endif /* (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 200809L || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE) */
515 
516 #if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 199506L || (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 500 || \
517     defined(_REENTRANT) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
518 #define getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
519 #define putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
520 
521 #define getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
522 #define putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
523 #endif /* _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199506 || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || _REENTRANT... */
524 
525 #if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 200809L || (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 700 || \
526     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
527 FILE *fmemopen(void * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict);
528 #endif
529 
530 #if _FORTIFY_SOURCE > 0
531 #include <ssp/stdio.h>
532 #endif
533 
534 #endif /* _STDIO_H_ */
535