xref: /netbsd-src/external/bsd/file/dist/src/magic.c (revision deb6f0161a9109e7de9b519dc8dfb9478668dcdd)
1 /*	$NetBSD: magic.c,v 1.13 2018/10/19 00:11:48 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) Christos Zoulas 2003.
5  * All Rights Reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
12  *    this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
21  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifdef WIN32
31 #include <windows.h>
32 #include <shlwapi.h>
33 #endif
34 
35 #include "file.h"
36 
37 #ifndef	lint
38 #if 0
39 FILE_RCSID("@(#)$File: magic.c,v 1.106 2018/10/01 18:45:39 christos Exp $")
40 #else
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: magic.c,v 1.13 2018/10/19 00:11:48 christos Exp $");
42 #endif
43 #endif	/* lint */
44 
45 #include "magic.h"
46 
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <unistd.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 #ifdef QUICK
51 #include <sys/mman.h>
52 #endif
53 #include <limits.h>	/* for PIPE_BUF */
54 
55 #if defined(HAVE_UTIMES)
56 # include <sys/time.h>
57 #elif defined(HAVE_UTIME)
58 # if defined(HAVE_SYS_UTIME_H)
59 #  include <sys/utime.h>
60 # elif defined(HAVE_UTIME_H)
61 #  include <utime.h>
62 # endif
63 #endif
64 
65 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
66 #include <unistd.h>	/* for read() */
67 #endif
68 
69 #ifndef PIPE_BUF
70 /* Get the PIPE_BUF from pathconf */
71 #ifdef _PC_PIPE_BUF
72 #define PIPE_BUF pathconf(".", _PC_PIPE_BUF)
73 #else
74 #define PIPE_BUF 512
75 #endif
76 #endif
77 
78 private void close_and_restore(const struct magic_set *, const char *, int,
79     const struct stat *);
80 private int unreadable_info(struct magic_set *, mode_t, const char *);
81 private const char* get_default_magic(void);
82 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
83 private const char *file_or_fd(struct magic_set *, const char *, int);
84 #endif
85 
86 #ifndef	STDIN_FILENO
87 #define	STDIN_FILENO	0
88 #endif
89 
90 #ifdef WIN32
91 /* HINSTANCE of this shared library. Needed for get_default_magic() */
92 static HINSTANCE _w32_dll_instance = NULL;
93 
94 static void
95 _w32_append_path(char **hmagicpath, const char *fmt, ...)
96 {
97 	char *tmppath;
98         char *newpath;
99 	va_list ap;
100 
101 	va_start(ap, fmt);
102 	if (vasprintf(&tmppath, fmt, ap) < 0) {
103 		va_end(ap);
104 		return;
105 	}
106 	va_end(ap);
107 
108 	if (access(tmppath, R_OK) == -1)
109 		goto out;
110 
111 	if (*hmagicpath == NULL) {
112 		*hmagicpath = tmppath;
113 		return;
114 	}
115 
116 	if (asprintf(&newpath, "%s%c%s", *hmagicpath, PATHSEP, tmppath) < 0)
117 		goto out;
118 
119 	free(*hmagicpath);
120 	free(tmppath);
121 	*hmagicpath = newpath;
122 	return;
123 out:
124 	free(tmppath);
125 }
126 
127 static void
128 _w32_get_magic_relative_to(char **hmagicpath, HINSTANCE module)
129 {
130 	static const char *trypaths[] = {
131 		"%s/share/misc/magic.mgc",
132 		"%s/magic.mgc",
133 	};
134 	LPSTR dllpath;
135 	size_t sp;
136 
137 	dllpath = calloc(MAX_PATH + 1, sizeof(*dllpath));
138 
139 	if (!GetModuleFileNameA(module, dllpath, MAX_PATH))
140 		goto out;
141 
142 	PathRemoveFileSpecA(dllpath);
143 
144 	if (module) {
145 		char exepath[MAX_PATH];
146 		GetModuleFileNameA(NULL, exepath, MAX_PATH);
147 		PathRemoveFileSpecA(exepath);
148 		if (stricmp(exepath, dllpath) == 0)
149 			goto out;
150 	}
151 
152 	sp = strlen(dllpath);
153 	if (sp > 3 && stricmp(&dllpath[sp - 3], "bin") == 0) {
154 		_w32_append_path(hmagicpath,
155 		    "%s/../share/misc/magic.mgc", dllpath);
156 		goto out;
157 	}
158 
159 	for (sp = 0; sp < __arraycount(trypaths); sp++)
160 		_w32_append_path(hmagicpath, trypaths[sp], dllpath);
161 out:
162 	free(dllpath);
163 }
164 
165 /* Placate GCC by offering a sacrificial previous prototype */
166 BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE, DWORD, LPVOID);
167 
168 BOOL WINAPI
169 DllMain(HINSTANCE hinstDLL, DWORD fdwReason,
170     LPVOID lpvReserved __attribute__((__unused__)))
171 {
172 	if (fdwReason == DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH)
173 		_w32_dll_instance = hinstDLL;
174 	return 1;
175 }
176 #endif
177 
178 private const char *
179 get_default_magic(void)
180 {
181 	static const char hmagic[] = "/.magic/magic.mgc";
182 	static char *default_magic;
183 	char *home, *hmagicpath;
184 
185 #ifndef WIN32
186 	struct stat st;
187 
188 	if (default_magic) {
189 		free(default_magic);
190 		default_magic = NULL;
191 	}
192 	if ((home = getenv("HOME")) == NULL)
193 		return MAGIC;
194 
195 	if (asprintf(&hmagicpath, "%s/.magic.mgc", home) < 0)
196 		return MAGIC;
197 	if (stat(hmagicpath, &st) == -1) {
198 		free(hmagicpath);
199 		if (asprintf(&hmagicpath, "%s/.magic", home) < 0)
200 			return MAGIC;
201 		if (stat(hmagicpath, &st) == -1)
202 			goto out;
203 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
204 			free(hmagicpath);
205 			if (asprintf(&hmagicpath, "%s/%s", home, hmagic) < 0)
206 				return MAGIC;
207 			if (access(hmagicpath, R_OK) == -1)
208 				goto out;
209 		}
210 	}
211 
212 	if (asprintf(&default_magic, "%s:%s", hmagicpath, MAGIC) < 0)
213 		goto out;
214 	free(hmagicpath);
215 	return default_magic;
216 out:
217 	default_magic = NULL;
218 	free(hmagicpath);
219 	return MAGIC;
220 #else
221 	hmagicpath = NULL;
222 
223 	if (default_magic) {
224 		free(default_magic);
225 		default_magic = NULL;
226 	}
227 
228 	/* First, try to get a magic file from user-application data */
229 	if ((home = getenv("LOCALAPPDATA")) != NULL)
230 		_w32_append_path(&hmagicpath, "%s%s", home, hmagic);
231 
232 	/* Second, try to get a magic file from the user profile data */
233 	if ((home = getenv("USERPROFILE")) != NULL)
234 		_w32_append_path(&hmagicpath,
235 		    "%s/Local Settings/Application Data%s", home, hmagic);
236 
237 	/* Third, try to get a magic file from Common Files */
238 	if ((home = getenv("COMMONPROGRAMFILES")) != NULL)
239 		_w32_append_path(&hmagicpath, "%s%s", home, hmagic);
240 
241 	/* Fourth, try to get magic file relative to exe location */
242         _w32_get_magic_relative_to(&hmagicpath, NULL);
243 
244 	/* Fifth, try to get magic file relative to dll location */
245         _w32_get_magic_relative_to(&hmagicpath, _w32_dll_instance);
246 
247 	/* Avoid MAGIC constant - it likely points to a file within MSys tree */
248 	default_magic = hmagicpath;
249 	return default_magic;
250 #endif
251 }
252 
253 public const char *
254 magic_getpath(const char *magicfile, int action)
255 {
256 	if (magicfile != NULL)
257 		return magicfile;
258 
259 	magicfile = getenv("MAGIC");
260 	if (magicfile != NULL)
261 		return magicfile;
262 
263 	return action == FILE_LOAD ? get_default_magic() : MAGIC;
264 }
265 
266 public struct magic_set *
267 magic_open(int flags)
268 {
269 	return file_ms_alloc(flags);
270 }
271 
272 private int
273 unreadable_info(struct magic_set *ms, mode_t md, const char *file)
274 {
275 	if (file) {
276 		/* We cannot open it, but we were able to stat it. */
277 		if (access(file, W_OK) == 0)
278 			if (file_printf(ms, "writable, ") == -1)
279 				return -1;
280 		if (access(file, X_OK) == 0)
281 			if (file_printf(ms, "executable, ") == -1)
282 				return -1;
283 	}
284 	if (S_ISREG(md))
285 		if (file_printf(ms, "regular file, ") == -1)
286 			return -1;
287 	if (file_printf(ms, "no read permission") == -1)
288 		return -1;
289 	return 0;
290 }
291 
292 public void
293 magic_close(struct magic_set *ms)
294 {
295 	if (ms == NULL)
296 		return;
297 	file_ms_free(ms);
298 }
299 
300 /*
301  * load a magic file
302  */
303 public int
304 magic_load(struct magic_set *ms, const char *magicfile)
305 {
306 	if (ms == NULL)
307 		return -1;
308 	return file_apprentice(ms, magicfile, FILE_LOAD);
309 }
310 
311 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
312 /*
313  * Install a set of compiled magic buffers.
314  */
315 public int
316 magic_load_buffers(struct magic_set *ms, void **bufs, size_t *sizes,
317     size_t nbufs)
318 {
319 	if (ms == NULL)
320 		return -1;
321 	return buffer_apprentice(ms, (struct magic **)bufs, sizes, nbufs);
322 }
323 #endif
324 
325 public int
326 magic_compile(struct magic_set *ms, const char *magicfile)
327 {
328 	if (ms == NULL)
329 		return -1;
330 	return file_apprentice(ms, magicfile, FILE_COMPILE);
331 }
332 
333 public int
334 magic_check(struct magic_set *ms, const char *magicfile)
335 {
336 	if (ms == NULL)
337 		return -1;
338 	return file_apprentice(ms, magicfile, FILE_CHECK);
339 }
340 
341 public int
342 magic_list(struct magic_set *ms, const char *magicfile)
343 {
344 	if (ms == NULL)
345 		return -1;
346 	return file_apprentice(ms, magicfile, FILE_LIST);
347 }
348 
349 private void
350 close_and_restore(const struct magic_set *ms, const char *name, int fd,
351     const struct stat *sb)
352 {
353 	if (fd == STDIN_FILENO || name == NULL)
354 		return;
355 	(void) close(fd);
356 
357 	if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_PRESERVE_ATIME) != 0) {
358 		/*
359 		 * Try to restore access, modification times if read it.
360 		 * This is really *bad* because it will modify the status
361 		 * time of the file... And of course this will affect
362 		 * backup programs
363 		 */
364 #ifdef HAVE_UTIMES
365 		struct timeval  utsbuf[2];
366 		(void)memset(utsbuf, 0, sizeof(utsbuf));
367 		utsbuf[0].tv_sec = sb->st_atime;
368 		utsbuf[1].tv_sec = sb->st_mtime;
369 
370 		(void) utimes(name, utsbuf); /* don't care if loses */
371 #elif defined(HAVE_UTIME_H) || defined(HAVE_SYS_UTIME_H)
372 		struct utimbuf  utbuf;
373 
374 		(void)memset(&utbuf, 0, sizeof(utbuf));
375 		utbuf.actime = sb->st_atime;
376 		utbuf.modtime = sb->st_mtime;
377 		(void) utime(name, &utbuf); /* don't care if loses */
378 #endif
379 	}
380 }
381 
382 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
383 
384 /*
385  * find type of descriptor
386  */
387 public const char *
388 magic_descriptor(struct magic_set *ms, int fd)
389 {
390 	if (ms == NULL)
391 		return NULL;
392 	return file_or_fd(ms, NULL, fd);
393 }
394 
395 /*
396  * find type of named file
397  */
398 public const char *
399 magic_file(struct magic_set *ms, const char *inname)
400 {
401 	if (ms == NULL)
402 		return NULL;
403 	return file_or_fd(ms, inname, STDIN_FILENO);
404 }
405 
406 private const char *
407 file_or_fd(struct magic_set *ms, const char *inname, int fd)
408 {
409 	int	rv = -1;
410 	unsigned char *buf;
411 	struct stat	sb;
412 	ssize_t nbytes = 0;	/* number of bytes read from a datafile */
413 	int	ispipe = 0;
414 	off_t	pos = (off_t)-1;
415 
416 	if (file_reset(ms, 1) == -1)
417 		goto out;
418 
419 	/*
420 	 * one extra for terminating '\0', and
421 	 * some overlapping space for matches near EOF
422 	 */
423 #define SLOP (1 + sizeof(union VALUETYPE))
424 	if ((buf = CAST(unsigned char *, malloc(ms->bytes_max + SLOP))) == NULL)
425 		return NULL;
426 
427 	switch (file_fsmagic(ms, inname, &sb)) {
428 	case -1:		/* error */
429 		goto done;
430 	case 0:			/* nothing found */
431 		break;
432 	default:		/* matched it and printed type */
433 		rv = 0;
434 		goto done;
435 	}
436 
437 #ifdef WIN32
438 	/* Place stdin in binary mode, so EOF (Ctrl+Z) doesn't stop early. */
439 	if (fd == STDIN_FILENO)
440 		_setmode(STDIN_FILENO, O_BINARY);
441 #endif
442 	if (inname != NULL) {
443 		int flags = O_RDONLY|O_BINARY|O_NONBLOCK;
444 		errno = 0;
445 		if ((fd = open(inname, flags)) < 0) {
446 			int okstat = stat(inname, &sb) == 0;
447 			if (okstat && S_ISFIFO(sb.st_mode))
448 				ispipe = 1;
449 #ifdef WIN32
450 			/*
451 			 * Can't stat, can't open.  It may have been opened in
452 			 * fsmagic, so if the user doesn't have read permission,
453 			 * allow it to say so; otherwise an error was probably
454 			 * displayed in fsmagic.
455 			 */
456 			if (!okstat && errno == EACCES) {
457 				sb.st_mode = S_IFBLK;
458 				okstat = 1;
459 			}
460 #endif
461 			if (okstat &&
462 			    unreadable_info(ms, sb.st_mode, inname) == -1)
463 				goto done;
464 			rv = 0;
465 			goto done;
466 		}
467 	}
468 
469 	if (fd != -1) {
470 		if (fstat(fd, &sb) == 0 && S_ISFIFO(sb.st_mode))
471 			ispipe = 1;
472 		if (inname == NULL)
473 			pos = lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_CUR);
474 	}
475 
476 	/*
477 	 * try looking at the first ms->bytes_max bytes
478 	 */
479 	if (ispipe) {
480 		ssize_t r = 0;
481 
482 		while ((r = sread(fd, (void *)&buf[nbytes],
483 		    (size_t)(ms->bytes_max - nbytes), 1)) > 0) {
484 			nbytes += r;
485 			if (r < PIPE_BUF) break;
486 		}
487 
488 		if (nbytes == 0 && inname) {
489 			/* We can not read it, but we were able to stat it. */
490 			if (unreadable_info(ms, sb.st_mode, inname) == -1)
491 				goto done;
492 			rv = 0;
493 			goto done;
494 		}
495 
496 	} else {
497 		/* Windows refuses to read from a big console buffer. */
498 		size_t howmany =
499 #if defined(WIN32)
500 				_isatty(fd) ? 8 * 1024 :
501 #endif
502 				ms->bytes_max;
503 		if ((nbytes = read(fd, (char *)buf, howmany)) == -1) {
504 			if (inname == NULL && fd != STDIN_FILENO)
505 				file_error(ms, errno, "cannot read fd %d", fd);
506 			else
507 				file_error(ms, errno, "cannot read `%s'",
508 				    inname == NULL ? "/dev/stdin" : inname);
509 			goto done;
510 		}
511 	}
512 
513 	(void)memset(buf + nbytes, 0, SLOP); /* NUL terminate */
514 	if (file_buffer(ms, fd, inname, buf, (size_t)nbytes) == -1)
515 		goto done;
516 	rv = 0;
517 done:
518 	free(buf);
519 	if (fd != -1) {
520 		if (pos != (off_t)-1)
521 			(void)lseek(fd, pos, SEEK_SET);
522 		close_and_restore(ms, inname, fd, &sb);
523 	}
524 out:
525 	return rv == 0 ? file_getbuffer(ms) : NULL;
526 }
527 
528 
529 public const char *
530 magic_buffer(struct magic_set *ms, const void *buf, size_t nb)
531 {
532 	if (ms == NULL)
533 		return NULL;
534 	if (file_reset(ms, 1) == -1)
535 		return NULL;
536 	/*
537 	 * The main work is done here!
538 	 * We have the file name and/or the data buffer to be identified.
539 	 */
540 	if (file_buffer(ms, -1, NULL, buf, nb) == -1) {
541 		return NULL;
542 	}
543 	return file_getbuffer(ms);
544 }
545 #endif
546 
547 public const char *
548 magic_error(struct magic_set *ms)
549 {
550 	if (ms == NULL)
551 		return "Magic database is not open";
552 	return (ms->event_flags & EVENT_HAD_ERR) ? ms->o.buf : NULL;
553 }
554 
555 public int
556 magic_errno(struct magic_set *ms)
557 {
558 	if (ms == NULL)
559 		return EINVAL;
560 	return (ms->event_flags & EVENT_HAD_ERR) ? ms->error : 0;
561 }
562 
563 public int
564 magic_getflags(struct magic_set *ms)
565 {
566 	if (ms == NULL)
567 		return -1;
568 
569 	return ms->flags;
570 }
571 
572 public int
573 magic_setflags(struct magic_set *ms, int flags)
574 {
575 	if (ms == NULL)
576 		return -1;
577 #if !defined(HAVE_UTIME) && !defined(HAVE_UTIMES)
578 	if (flags & MAGIC_PRESERVE_ATIME)
579 		return -1;
580 #endif
581 	ms->flags = flags;
582 	return 0;
583 }
584 
585 public int
586 magic_version(void)
587 {
588 	return MAGIC_VERSION;
589 }
590 
591 public int
592 magic_setparam(struct magic_set *ms, int param, const void *val)
593 {
594 	if (ms == NULL)
595 		return -1;
596 	switch (param) {
597 	case MAGIC_PARAM_INDIR_MAX:
598 		ms->indir_max = (uint16_t)*(const size_t *)val;
599 		return 0;
600 	case MAGIC_PARAM_NAME_MAX:
601 		ms->name_max = (uint16_t)*(const size_t *)val;
602 		return 0;
603 	case MAGIC_PARAM_ELF_PHNUM_MAX:
604 		ms->elf_phnum_max = (uint16_t)*(const size_t *)val;
605 		return 0;
606 	case MAGIC_PARAM_ELF_SHNUM_MAX:
607 		ms->elf_shnum_max = (uint16_t)*(const size_t *)val;
608 		return 0;
609 	case MAGIC_PARAM_ELF_NOTES_MAX:
610 		ms->elf_notes_max = (uint16_t)*(const size_t *)val;
611 		return 0;
612 	case MAGIC_PARAM_REGEX_MAX:
613 		ms->elf_notes_max = (uint16_t)*(const size_t *)val;
614 		return 0;
615 	case MAGIC_PARAM_BYTES_MAX:
616 		ms->bytes_max = *(const size_t *)val;
617 		return 0;
618 	default:
619 		errno = EINVAL;
620 		return -1;
621 	}
622 }
623 
624 public int
625 magic_getparam(struct magic_set *ms, int param, void *val)
626 {
627 	if (ms == NULL)
628 		return -1;
629 	switch (param) {
630 	case MAGIC_PARAM_INDIR_MAX:
631 		*(size_t *)val = ms->indir_max;
632 		return 0;
633 	case MAGIC_PARAM_NAME_MAX:
634 		*(size_t *)val = ms->name_max;
635 		return 0;
636 	case MAGIC_PARAM_ELF_PHNUM_MAX:
637 		*(size_t *)val = ms->elf_phnum_max;
638 		return 0;
639 	case MAGIC_PARAM_ELF_SHNUM_MAX:
640 		*(size_t *)val = ms->elf_shnum_max;
641 		return 0;
642 	case MAGIC_PARAM_ELF_NOTES_MAX:
643 		*(size_t *)val = ms->elf_notes_max;
644 		return 0;
645 	case MAGIC_PARAM_REGEX_MAX:
646 		*(size_t *)val = ms->regex_max;
647 		return 0;
648 	case MAGIC_PARAM_BYTES_MAX:
649 		*(size_t *)val = ms->bytes_max;
650 		return 0;
651 	default:
652 		errno = EINVAL;
653 		return -1;
654 	}
655 }
656