xref: /minix3/minix/commands/compress/compress.c (revision 433d6423c39e34ec4b79c950597bb2d236f886be)

/* compress - Reduce file size using Modified Lempel-Ziv encoding */

/*
 * compress.c - File compression ala IEEE Computer, June 1984.
 *
 * Authors:	Spencer W. Thomas	(decvax!harpo!utah-cs!utah-gr!thomas)
 *		Jim McKie		(decvax!mcvax!jim)
 *		Steve Davies		(decvax!vax135!petsd!peora!srd)
 *		Ken Turkowski		(decvax!decwrl!turtlevax!ken)
 *		James A. Woods		(decvax!ihnp4!ames!jaw)
 *		Joe Orost		(decvax!vax135!petsd!joe)
 *
 *		Richard Todd		Port to MINIX
 *		Andy Tanenbaum		Cleanup
 *
 *
 * Algorithm from "A Technique for High Performance Data Compression",
 * Terry A. Welch, IEEE Computer Vol 17, No 6 (June 1984), pp 8-19.
 *
 * Usage: compress [-dfvc] [-b bits] [file ...]
 * Inputs:
 *	-d:	    If given, decompression is done instead.
 *
 *      -c:         Write output on stdout.
 *
 *      -b:         Parameter limits the max number of bits/code.
 *
 *	-f:	    Forces output file to be generated, even if one already
 *		    exists, and even if no space is saved by compressing.
 *		    If -f is not used, the user will be prompted if stdin is
 *		    a tty, otherwise, the output file will not be overwritten.
 *
 *      -v:	    Write compression statistics
 *
 * 	file ...:   Files to be compressed.  If none specified, stdin
 *		    is used.
 * Outputs:
 *	file.Z:	    Compressed form of file with same mode, owner, and utimes
 * 	or stdout   (if stdin used as input)
 *
 * Assumptions:
 *	When filenames are given, replaces with the compressed version
 *	(.Z suffix) only if the file decreases in size.
 * Algorithm:
 * 	Modified Lempel-Ziv method (LZW).  Basically finds common
 * substrings and replaces them with a variable size code.  This is
 * deterministic, and can be done on the fly.  Thus, the decompression
 * procedure needs no input table, but tracks the way the table was built.
 */


#define AZTEC86 1

#define	min(a,b)	((a>b) ? b : a)

/*
 * Set USERMEM to the maximum amount of physical user memory available
 * in bytes.  USERMEM is used to determine the maximum BITS that can be used
 * for compression.
 *
 * SACREDMEM is the amount of physical memory saved for others; compress
 * will hog the rest.
 */
#ifndef SACREDMEM
#define SACREDMEM	0
#endif

#ifndef USERMEM
# define USERMEM 	450000	/* default user memory */
#endif

#define REGISTER register
#define DOTZ ".Z"

#include <limits.h>
#include <dirent.h>

/* The default for Minix is -b13, but we can do -b16 if the machine can. */
#define DEFAULTBITS 13
#if INT_MAX == 32767
# define BITS 13
#else
# define BITS 16
#endif

#ifdef USERMEM
# if USERMEM >= (433484+SACREDMEM)
#  define PBITS	16
# else
#  if USERMEM >= (229600+SACREDMEM)
#   define PBITS	15
#  else
#   if USERMEM >= (127536+SACREDMEM)
#    define PBITS	14
#   else
#    if USERMEM >= (73464+SACREDMEM)
#     define PBITS	13
#    else
#     define PBITS	12
#    endif
#   endif
#  endif
# endif
# undef USERMEM
#endif /* USERMEM */

#ifdef PBITS		/* Preferred BITS for this memory size */
# ifndef BITS
#  define BITS PBITS
# endif
#endif /* PBITS */

#if BITS == 16
# define HSIZE	69001		/* 95% occupancy */
#endif
#if BITS == 15
# define HSIZE	35023		/* 94% occupancy */
#endif
#if BITS == 14
# define HSIZE	18013		/* 91% occupancy */
#endif
#if BITS == 13
# define HSIZE	9001		/* 91% occupancy */
#endif
#if BITS <= 12
# define HSIZE	5003		/* 80% occupancy */
#endif


/*
 * a code_int must be able to hold 2**BITS values of type int, and also -1
 */
#if BITS > 15
typedef long int	code_int;
#else
typedef int		code_int;
#endif

#ifdef SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW
typedef unsigned long int count_int;
typedef unsigned short int count_short;
#else
typedef long int	  count_int;
#endif

#ifdef NO_UCHAR
 typedef char	char_type;
#else
 typedef	unsigned char	char_type;
#endif /* UCHAR */
char_type magic_header[] = "\037\235";	/* 1F 9D */

/* Defines for third byte of header */
#define BIT_MASK	0x1f
#define BLOCK_MASK	0x80
/* Masks 0x40 and 0x20 are free.  I think 0x20 should mean that there is
   a fourth header byte (for expansion).
*/
#define INIT_BITS 9			/* initial number of bits/code */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <utime.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define ARGVAL() (*++(*argv) || (--argc && *++argv))

int n_bits;				/* number of bits/code */
int maxbits = DEFAULTBITS;		/* user settable max # bits/code */
code_int maxcode;			/* maximum code, given n_bits */
code_int maxmaxcode = 1 << BITS;	/* should NEVER generate this code */
#ifdef COMPATIBLE		/* But wrong! */
# define MAXCODE(n_bits)	(1 << (n_bits) - 1)
#else
# define MAXCODE(n_bits)	((1 << (n_bits)) - 1)
#endif /* COMPATIBLE */

#ifndef AZTEC86
	count_int htab [HSIZE];
	unsigned short codetab [HSIZE];
#else
	count_int *htab;
	unsigned short *codetab;
#	define HTABSIZE ((size_t)(HSIZE*sizeof(count_int)))
#	define CODETABSIZE ((size_t)(HSIZE*sizeof(unsigned short)))


#define htabof(i)	htab[i]
#define codetabof(i)	codetab[i]
#endif	/* XENIX_16 */
code_int hsize = HSIZE;			/* for dynamic table sizing */
count_int fsize;

/*
 * To save much memory, we overlay the table used by compress() with those
 * used by decompress().  The tab_prefix table is the same size and type
 * as the codetab.  The tab_suffix table needs 2**BITS characters.  We
 * get this from the beginning of htab.  The output stack uses the rest
 * of htab, and contains characters.  There is plenty of room for any
 * possible stack (stack used to be 8000 characters).
 */

#define tab_prefixof(i)	codetabof(i)
#ifdef XENIX_16
# define tab_suffixof(i)	((char_type *)htab[(i)>>15])[(i) & 0x7fff]
# define de_stack		((char_type *)(htab2))
#else	/* Normal machine */
# define tab_suffixof(i)	((char_type *)(htab))[i]
# define de_stack		((char_type *)&tab_suffixof(1<<BITS))
#endif	/* XENIX_16 */

code_int free_ent = 0;			/* first unused entry */
int exit_stat = 0;

int main(int argc, char **argv);
void Usage(void);
void compress(void);
void onintr(int dummy);
void oops(int dummy);
void output(code_int code);
int foreground(void);
void decompress(void);
code_int getcode(void);
void writeerr(void);
void copystat(char *ifname, char *ofname);
int foreground(void);
void cl_block(void);
void cl_hash(count_int hsize);
void prratio(FILE *stream, long int num, long int den);
void version(void);

void Usage() {
#ifdef DEBUG
fprintf(stderr,"Usage: compress [-dDVfc] [-b maxbits] [file ...]\n");
}
int debug = 0;
#else
fprintf(stderr,"Usage: compress [-dfvcV] [-b maxbits] [file ...]\n");
}
#endif /* DEBUG */
int nomagic = 0;	/* Use a 3-byte magic number header, unless old file */
int zcat_flg = 0;	/* Write output on stdout, suppress messages */
int quiet = 0;		/* don't tell me about compression */

/*
 * block compression parameters -- after all codes are used up,
 * and compression rate changes, start over.
 */
int block_compress = BLOCK_MASK;
int clear_flg = 0;
long int ratio = 0;
#define CHECK_GAP 10000	/* ratio check interval */
count_int checkpoint = CHECK_GAP;
/*
 * the next two codes should not be changed lightly, as they must not
 * lie within the contiguous general code space.
 */
#define FIRST	257	/* first free entry */
#define	CLEAR	256	/* table clear output code */

int force = 0;
char ofname [100];
#ifdef DEBUG
int verbose = 0;
#endif /* DEBUG */

#ifndef METAWARE
#ifdef AZTEC86
void
#else
int
#endif
#ifndef __STDC__
(*bgnd_flag)();
#else
(*bgnd_flag)(int);
#endif
#endif

int do_decomp = 0;


int main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
{
    int overwrite = 0;	/* Do not overwrite unless given -f flag */
    char tempname[100];
    char **filelist, **fileptr;
    char *cp;
    struct stat statbuf;
#ifndef METAWARE
    if ( (bgnd_flag = signal ( SIGINT, SIG_IGN )) != SIG_IGN ) {
	signal ( SIGINT, onintr );
	signal ( SIGSEGV, oops );
    }
#endif
#ifdef AZTEC86
#ifdef METAWARE
	_setmode(NULL,_ALL_FILES_BINARY);
	_setmode(stdin,_BINARY);
	_setmode(stdout,_BINARY);
	_setmode(stderr,_TEXT);
#endif
	if (NULL == (htab = (count_int *)malloc(HTABSIZE)))
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"Can't allocate htab\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	if (NULL == (codetab = (unsigned short *)malloc(CODETABSIZE)))
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"Can't allocate codetab\n");
		exit(1);
	}
#endif
#ifdef COMPATIBLE
    nomagic = 1;	/* Original didn't have a magic number */
#endif /* COMPATIBLE */

    filelist = fileptr = (char **)(malloc((size_t)(argc * sizeof(*argv))));
    *filelist = NULL;

    if((cp = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != 0) {
	cp++;
    } else {
	cp = argv[0];
    }
    if(strcmp(cp, "uncompress") == 0) {
	do_decomp = 1;
    } else if(strcmp(cp, "zcat") == 0) {
	do_decomp = 1;
	zcat_flg = 1;
    }

#ifdef BSD4_2
    /* 4.2BSD dependent - take it out if not */
    setlinebuf( stderr );
#endif /* BSD4_2 */

    /* Argument Processing
     * All flags are optional.
     * -D => debug
     * -V => print Version; debug verbose
     * -d => do_decomp
     * -v => unquiet
     * -f => force overwrite of output file
     * -n => no header: useful to uncompress old files
     * -b maxbits => maxbits.  If -b is specified, then maxbits MUST be
     *	    given also.
     * -c => cat all output to stdout
     * -C => generate output compatible with compress 2.0.
     * if a string is left, must be an input filename.
     */
    for (argc--, argv++; argc > 0; argc--, argv++)
	{
		if (**argv == '-')
		{	/* A flag argument */
		    while (*++(*argv))
			{	/* Process all flags in this arg */
				switch (**argv)
				{
#ifdef DEBUG
			    case 'D':
					debug = 1;
					break;
			    case 'V':
					verbose = 1;
					version();
					break;
#else
			    case 'V':
					version();
					break;
#endif /* DEBUG */
			    case 'v':
					quiet = 0;
					break;
			    case 'd':
					do_decomp = 1;
					break;
			    case 'f':
			    case 'F':
					overwrite = 1;
					force = 1;
					break;
			    case 'n':
					nomagic = 1;
					break;
			    case 'C':
					block_compress = 0;
					break;
			    case 'b':
					if (!ARGVAL())
					{
					    fprintf(stderr, "Missing maxbits\n");
					    Usage();
					    exit(1);
					}
					maxbits = atoi(*argv);
					goto nextarg;
			    case 'c':
					zcat_flg = 1;
					break;
			    case 'q':
					quiet = 1;
					break;
			    default:
					fprintf(stderr, "Unknown flag: '%c'; ", **argv);
					Usage();
					exit(1);
				}
		    }
		}
		else
		{		/* Input file name */
		    *fileptr++ = *argv;	/* Build input file list */
		    *fileptr = NULL;
		    /* process nextarg; */
		}
		nextarg: continue;
    }

    if(maxbits < INIT_BITS) maxbits = INIT_BITS;
    if (maxbits > BITS) maxbits = BITS;
    maxmaxcode = 1 << maxbits;

    if (*filelist != NULL)
	{
		for (fileptr = filelist; *fileptr; fileptr++)
		{
		    exit_stat = 0;
		    if (do_decomp != 0)
			{			/* DECOMPRESSION */
				/* Check for .Z suffix */
#ifndef PCDOS
				if (strcmp(*fileptr + strlen(*fileptr) - 2, DOTZ) != 0)
#else
				if (strcmp(*fileptr + strlen(*fileptr) - 1, DOTZ) != 0)
#endif
				{
				    /* No .Z: tack one on */
				    strcpy(tempname, *fileptr);
#ifndef PCDOS
				    strcat(tempname, DOTZ);
#else
					/* either tack one on or replace last character */
					{
						char *dot;
						if (NULL == (dot = strchr(tempname,'.')))
						{
							strcat(tempname,".Z");
						}
						else
						/* if there is a dot then either tack a z on
						   or replace last character */
						{
							if (strlen(dot) < 4)
								strcat(tempname,DOTZ);
							else
								dot[3] = 'Z';
						}
					}
#endif
				    *fileptr = tempname;
				}
				/* Open input file */
				if ((freopen(*fileptr, "r", stdin)) == NULL)
				{
					perror(*fileptr); continue;
				}
				/* Check the magic number */
				if (nomagic == 0)
				{
					unsigned magic1, magic2;
				    if (((magic1 = getc(stdin)) != (magic_header[0] & 0xFF))
				     || ((magic2 = getc(stdin)) != (magic_header[1] & 0xFF)))
					{
						fprintf(stderr,
						"%s: not in compressed format %x %x\n",
					    *fileptr,magic1,magic2);
					    continue;
				    }
				    maxbits = getc(stdin);	/* set -b from file */
				    block_compress = maxbits & BLOCK_MASK;
				    maxbits &= BIT_MASK;
				    maxmaxcode = 1 << maxbits;
				    if(maxbits > BITS)
					{
						fprintf(stderr,
					"%s: compressed with %d bits, can only handle %d bits\n",
						*fileptr, maxbits, BITS);
						continue;
				    }
				}
				/* Generate output filename */
				strcpy(ofname, *fileptr);
#ifndef PCDOS
				ofname[strlen(*fileptr) - 2] = '\0';  /* Strip off .Z */
#else
				/* kludge to handle various common three character extension */
				{
					char *dot;
					char fixup = '\0';
					/* first off, map name to upper case */
					for (dot = ofname; *dot; dot++)
						*dot = toupper(*dot);
					if (NULL == (dot = strchr(ofname,'.')))
					{
						fprintf(stderr,"Bad filename %s\n",ofname);
						exit(1);
					}
					if (strlen(dot) == 4)
					/* we got three letter extensions */
					{
						if (strcmp(dot,".EXZ") == 0)
							fixup = 'E';
						else if (strcmp(dot,".COZ") == 0)
							fixup = 'M';
						else if (strcmp(dot,".BAZ") == 0)
							fixup = 'S';
						else if (strcmp(dot,".OBZ") == 0)
							fixup = 'J';
						else if (strcmp(dot,".SYZ") == 0)
							fixup = 'S';
						else if (strcmp(dot,".DOZ") == 0)
							fixup = 'C';

					}
					/* replace the Z */
					ofname[strlen(*fileptr) - 1] = fixup;
				}
#endif
		    } else
			{					/* COMPRESSION */
				if (strcmp(*fileptr + strlen(*fileptr) - 2, DOTZ) == 0)
				{
			    	fprintf(stderr, "%s: already has .Z suffix -- no change\n",
				    *fileptr);
				    continue;
				}
				/* Open input file */
				if ((freopen(*fileptr, "r", stdin)) == NULL)
				{
				    perror(*fileptr); continue;
				}
				(void)stat( *fileptr, &statbuf );
				fsize = (long) statbuf.st_size;
				/*
				 * tune hash table size for small files -- ad hoc,
				 * but the sizes match earlier #defines, which
				 * serve as upper bounds on the number of output codes.
				 */
				hsize = HSIZE; /*lint -e506 -e712 */
				if ( fsize < (1 << 12) )
				    hsize = min ( 5003, HSIZE );
				else if ( fsize < (1 << 13) )
				    hsize = min ( 9001, HSIZE );
				else if ( fsize < (1 << 14) )
				    hsize = min ( 18013, HSIZE );
				else if ( fsize < (1 << 15) )
				    hsize = min ( 35023, HSIZE );
				else if ( fsize < 47000 )
				    hsize = min ( 50021, HSIZE ); /*lint +e506 +e712 */

				/* Generate output filename */
				strcpy(ofname, *fileptr);
#ifndef BSD4_2		/* Short filenames */
				if ((cp=strrchr(ofname,'/')) != NULL)
					cp++;
				else
					cp = ofname;
				if (strlen(cp) >= NAME_MAX-3)
				{
				    fprintf(stderr,"%s: filename too long to tack on .Z\n",cp);
				    continue;
				}
#ifdef PCDOS
				else
				{
					/* either tack one on or replace last character */
					char *dot;
					if (NULL == (dot = strchr(cp,'.')))
					{
						strcat(cp,".Z");
					}
					else
					/* if there is a dot then either tack a z on
					   or replace last character */
					{
						if (strlen(dot) < 4)
							strcat(cp,DOTZ);
						else
							dot[3] = 'Z';
					}
				}
#endif
#endif  /* BSD4_2		Long filenames allowed */
#ifndef PCDOS
			/* PCDOS takes care of this above */
				strcat(ofname, DOTZ);
#endif
		    }
		    /* Check for overwrite of existing file */
		    if (overwrite == 0 && zcat_flg == 0)
			{
				if (stat(ofname, &statbuf) == 0)
				{
				    char response[2]; int fd;
				    response[0] = 'n';
				    fprintf(stderr, "%s already exists;", ofname);
				    if (foreground())
					{
						fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDONLY);
						fprintf(stderr,
						" do you wish to overwrite %s (y or n)? ", ofname);
						fflush(stderr);
						(void)read(fd, response, 2);
						while (response[1] != '\n')
						{
						    if (read(fd, response+1, 1) < 0)
							{	/* Ack! */
								perror("stderr");
								break;
						    }
						}
						close(fd);
				    }
				    if (response[0] != 'y')
					{
						fprintf(stderr, "\tnot overwritten\n");
						continue;
				    }
				}
		    }
		    if(zcat_flg == 0)
			{		/* Open output file */
				if (freopen(ofname, "w", stdout) == NULL)
				{
				    perror(ofname);
				    continue;
				}
				if(!quiet)
					fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", *fileptr);
		    }

		    /* Actually do the compression/decompression */
		    if (do_decomp == 0)
				compress();
#ifndef DEBUG
		    else
				decompress();
#else
		    else if (debug == 0)
				decompress();
		    else
				printcodes();
		    if (verbose)
				dump_tab();
#endif /* DEBUG */
		    if(zcat_flg == 0)
			{
				copystat(*fileptr, ofname);	/* Copy stats */
				if((exit_stat == 1) || (!quiet))
					putc('\n', stderr);
		    }
		}
    } else
	{		/* Standard input */
		if (do_decomp == 0)
		{
			compress();
#ifdef DEBUG
			if(verbose)		dump_tab();
#endif /* DEBUG */
			if(!quiet)
				putc('\n', stderr);
		} else
		{
		    /* Check the magic number */
		    if (nomagic == 0)
			{
				if ((getc(stdin)!=(magic_header[0] & 0xFF))
				 || (getc(stdin)!=(magic_header[1] & 0xFF)))
				{
				    fprintf(stderr, "stdin: not in compressed format\n");
				    exit(1);
				}
				maxbits = getc(stdin);	/* set -b from file */
				block_compress = maxbits & BLOCK_MASK;
				maxbits &= BIT_MASK;
				maxmaxcode = 1 << maxbits;
				fsize = 100000;		/* assume stdin large for USERMEM */
				if(maxbits > BITS)
				{
					fprintf(stderr,
					"stdin: compressed with %d bits, can only handle %d bits\n",
					maxbits, BITS);
					exit(1);
				}
		    }
#ifndef DEBUG
		    decompress();
#else
		    if (debug == 0)	decompress();
		    else		printcodes();
		    if (verbose)	dump_tab();
#endif /* DEBUG */
		}
    }
    return(exit_stat);
}

static int offset;
long int in_count = 1;			/* length of input */
long int bytes_out;			/* length of compressed output */
long int out_count = 0;			/* # of codes output (for debugging) */

/*
 * compress stdin to stdout
 *
 * Algorithm:  use open addressing double hashing (no chaining) on the
 * prefix code / next character combination.  We do a variant of Knuth's
 * algorithm D (vol. 3, sec. 6.4) along with G. Knott's relatively-prime
 * secondary probe.  Here, the modular division first probe is gives way
 * to a faster exclusive-or manipulation.  Also do block compression with
 * an adaptive reset, whereby the code table is cleared when the compression
 * ratio decreases, but after the table fills.  The variable-length output
 * codes are re-sized at this point, and a special CLEAR code is generated
 * for the decompressor.  Late addition:  construct the table according to
 * file size for noticeable speed improvement on small files.  Please direct
 * questions about this implementation to ames!jaw.
 */

void compress()
{
    REGISTER long fcode;
    REGISTER code_int i = 0;
    REGISTER int c;
    REGISTER code_int ent;
#ifdef XENIX_16
    REGISTER code_int disp;
#else	/* Normal machine */
    REGISTER int disp;
#endif
    REGISTER code_int hsize_reg;
    REGISTER int hshift;

#ifndef COMPATIBLE
    if (nomagic == 0)
	{
		putc(magic_header[0],stdout);
		putc(magic_header[1],stdout);
		putc((char)(maxbits | block_compress),stdout);
		if(ferror(stdout))
			writeerr();
    }
#endif /* COMPATIBLE */

    offset = 0;
    bytes_out = 3;		/* includes 3-byte header mojo */
    out_count = 0;
    clear_flg = 0;
    ratio = 0;
    in_count = 1;
    checkpoint = CHECK_GAP;
    maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits = INIT_BITS);
    free_ent = ((block_compress) ? FIRST : 256 );

    ent = getc(stdin);

    hshift = 0;
    for ( fcode = (long) hsize;  fcode < 65536L; fcode *= 2L )
    	hshift++;
    hshift = 8 - hshift;		/* set hash code range bound */

    hsize_reg = hsize;
    cl_hash( (count_int) hsize_reg);		/* clear hash table */

#ifdef SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW
    while ( (c = getc(stdin)) != (unsigned) EOF )
#else
    while ( (c = getc(stdin)) != EOF )
#endif
	{
		in_count++;
		fcode = (long) (((long) c << maxbits) + ent);
	 	i = ((c << hshift) ^ ent);	/* xor hashing */

		if ( htabof (i) == fcode )
		{
		    ent = codetabof (i);
		    continue;
		} else if ( (long)htabof (i) < 0 )	/* empty slot */
		    goto nomatch;
	 	disp = hsize_reg - i;		/* secondary hash (after G. Knott) */
		if ( i == 0 )
		    disp = 1;
probe:
		if ( (i -= disp) < 0 )
		    i += hsize_reg;

		if ( htabof (i) == fcode )
		{
		    ent = codetabof (i);
		    continue;
		}
		if ( (long)htabof (i) > 0 )
		    goto probe;
nomatch:
		output ( (code_int) ent );
		out_count++;
	 	ent = c;
#ifdef SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW
		if ( (unsigned) free_ent < (unsigned) maxmaxcode)
#else
		if ( free_ent < maxmaxcode )
#endif
		{
	 	    codetabof (i) = free_ent++;	/* code -> hashtable */
		    htabof (i) = fcode;
		}
		else if ( (count_int)in_count >= checkpoint && block_compress )
		    cl_block ();
    }
    /*
     * Put out the final code.
     */
    output( (code_int)ent );
    out_count++;
    output( (code_int)-1 );

    /*
     * Print out stats on stderr
     */
    if(zcat_flg == 0 && !quiet)
	{
#ifdef DEBUG
		fprintf( stderr,
		"%ld chars in, %ld codes (%ld bytes) out, compression factor: ",
		in_count, out_count, bytes_out );
		prratio( stderr, in_count, bytes_out );
		fprintf( stderr, "\n");
		fprintf( stderr, "\tCompression as in compact: " );
		prratio( stderr, in_count-bytes_out, in_count );
		fprintf( stderr, "\n");
		fprintf( stderr, "\tLargest code (of last block) was %d (%d bits)\n",
		free_ent - 1, n_bits );
#else /* !DEBUG */
		fprintf( stderr, "Compression: " );
		prratio( stderr, in_count-bytes_out, in_count );
#endif /* DEBUG */
    }
    if(bytes_out > in_count)	/* exit(2) if no savings */
		exit_stat = 2;
    return;
}

/*****************************************************************
 * TAG( output )
 *
 * Output the given code.
 * Inputs:
 * 	code:	A n_bits-bit integer.  If == -1, then EOF.  This assumes
 *		that n_bits =< (long)wordsize - 1.
 * Outputs:
 * 	Outputs code to the file.
 * Assumptions:
 *	Chars are 8 bits long.
 * Algorithm:
 * 	Maintain a BITS character long buffer (so that 8 codes will
 * fit in it exactly).  Use the VAX insv instruction to insert each
 * code in turn.  When the buffer fills up empty it and start over.
 */

static char buf[BITS];

#ifndef vax
char_type lmask[9] = {0xff, 0xfe, 0xfc, 0xf8, 0xf0, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0x80, 0x00};
char_type rmask[9] = {0x00, 0x01, 0x03, 0x07, 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x3f, 0x7f, 0xff};
#endif /* vax */
void output( code )
code_int  code;
{
#ifdef DEBUG
    static int col = 0;
#endif /* DEBUG */

    /*
     * On the VAX, it is important to have the REGISTER declarations
     * in exactly the order given, or the asm will break.
     */
    REGISTER int r_off = offset, bits= n_bits;
    REGISTER char * bp = buf;
#ifndef BREAKHIGHC
#ifdef METAWARE
	int temp;
#endif
#endif
#ifdef DEBUG
	if ( verbose )
	    fprintf( stderr, "%5d%c", code,
		    (col+=6) >= 74 ? (col = 0, '\n') : ' ' );
#endif /* DEBUG */
    if ( code >= 0 )
	{
#ifdef vax
	/* VAX DEPENDENT!! Implementation on other machines is below.
	 *
	 * Translation: Insert BITS bits from the argument starting at
	 * offset bits from the beginning of buf.
	 */
	0;	/* Work around for pcc -O bug with asm and if stmt */
	asm( "insv	4(ap),r11,r10,(r9)" );
#else /* not a vax */
/*
 * byte/bit numbering on the VAX is simulated by the following code
 */
	/*
	 * Get to the first byte.
	 */
	bp += (r_off >> 3);
	r_off &= 7;
	/*
	 * Since code is always >= 8 bits, only need to mask the first
	 * hunk on the left.
	 */
#ifndef BREAKHIGHC
#ifdef METAWARE
	*bp &= rmask[r_off];
	temp = (code << r_off) & lmask[r_off];
	*bp |= temp;
#else
	*bp = (*bp & rmask[r_off]) | ((code << r_off) & lmask[r_off]);
#endif
#else
	*bp = (*bp & rmask[r_off]) | ((code << r_off) & lmask[r_off]);
#endif
	bp++;
	bits -= (8 - r_off);
	code >>= (8 - r_off);
	/* Get any 8 bit parts in the middle (<=1 for up to 16 bits). */
	if ( bits >= 8 )
	{
	    *bp++ = code;
	    code >>= 8;
	    bits -= 8;
	}
	/* Last bits. */
	if(bits)
	    *bp = code;
#endif /* vax */
	offset += n_bits;
	if ( offset == (n_bits << 3) )
	{
	    bp = buf;
	    bits = n_bits;
	    bytes_out += bits;
	    do
		putc(*bp++,stdout);
	    while(--bits);
	    offset = 0;
	}

	/*
	 * If the next entry is going to be too big for the code size,
	 * then increase it, if possible.
	 */
	if ( free_ent > maxcode || (clear_flg > 0))
	{
	    /*
	     * Write the whole buffer, because the input side won't
	     * discover the size increase until after it has read it.
	     */
	    if ( offset > 0 )
		{
			if( fwrite( buf, (size_t)1, (size_t)n_bits, stdout ) != n_bits)
				writeerr();
			bytes_out += n_bits;
	    }
	    offset = 0;

	    if ( clear_flg )
		{
    	        maxcode = MAXCODE (n_bits = INIT_BITS);
		        clear_flg = 0;
	    }
	    else
		{
	    	n_bits++;
	    	if ( n_bits == maxbits )
			    maxcode = maxmaxcode;
	    	else
			    maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits);
	    }
#ifdef DEBUG
	    if ( debug )
		{
			fprintf( stderr, "\nChange to %d bits\n", n_bits );
			col = 0;
	    }
#endif /* DEBUG */
	}
    } else
	{
	/*
	 * At EOF, write the rest of the buffer.
	 */
	if ( offset > 0 )
	    fwrite( buf, (size_t)1, (size_t)(offset + 7) / 8, stdout );
	bytes_out += (offset + 7) / 8;
	offset = 0;
	fflush( stdout );
#ifdef DEBUG
	if ( verbose )
	    fprintf( stderr, "\n" );
#endif /* DEBUG */
	if( ferror( stdout ) )
		writeerr();
    }
}
/*
 * Decompress stdin to stdout.  This routine adapts to the codes in the
 * file building the "string" table on-the-fly; requiring no table to
 * be stored in the compressed file.  The tables used herein are shared
 * with those of the compress() routine.  See the definitions above.
 */

void decompress() {
    REGISTER char_type *stackp;
    REGISTER int finchar;
    REGISTER code_int code, oldcode, incode;

    /*
     * As above, initialize the first 256 entries in the table.
     */
    maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits = INIT_BITS);
    for ( code = 255; code >= 0; code-- ) {
	tab_prefixof(code) = 0;
	tab_suffixof(code) = (char_type)code;
    }
    free_ent = ((block_compress) ? FIRST : 256 );

    finchar = oldcode = getcode();
    if(oldcode == -1)	/* EOF already? */
	return;			/* Get out of here */
    putc( (char)finchar,stdout );		/* first code must be 8 bits = char */
    if(ferror(stdout))		/* Crash if can't write */
	writeerr();
    stackp = de_stack;

    while ( (code = getcode()) > -1 ) {

	if ( (code == CLEAR) && block_compress ) {
	    for ( code = 255; code >= 0; code-- )
		tab_prefixof(code) = 0;
	    clear_flg = 1;
	    free_ent = FIRST - 1;
	    if ( (code = getcode ()) == -1 )	/* O, untimely death! */
		break;
	}
	incode = code;
	/*
	 * Special case for KwKwK string.
	 */
	if ( code >= free_ent ) {
            *stackp++ = finchar;
	    code = oldcode;
	}

	/*
	 * Generate output characters in reverse order
	 */
#ifdef SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW
	while ( ((unsigned long)code) >= ((unsigned long)256) ) {
#else
	while ( code >= 256 ) {
#endif
	    *stackp++ = tab_suffixof(code);
	    code = tab_prefixof(code);
	}
	*stackp++ = finchar = tab_suffixof(code);

	/*
	 * And put them out in forward order
	 */
	do
	    putc ( *--stackp ,stdout);
	while ( stackp > de_stack );

	/*
	 * Generate the new entry.
	 */
	if ( (code=free_ent) < maxmaxcode )
	{
	    tab_prefixof(code) = (unsigned short)oldcode;
	    tab_suffixof(code) = finchar;
	    free_ent = code+1;
	}
	/*
	 * Remember previous code.
	 */
	oldcode = incode;
    }
    fflush( stdout );
    if(ferror(stdout))
	writeerr();
}

/*****************************************************************
 * TAG( getcode )
 *
 * Read one code from the standard input.  If EOF, return -1.
 * Inputs:
 * 	stdin
 * Outputs:
 * 	code or -1 is returned.
 */

code_int
getcode()
{
    /*
     * On the VAX, it is important to have the REGISTER declarations
     * in exactly the order given, or the asm will break.
     */
    REGISTER code_int code;
    static int offset = 0, size = 0;
    static char_type buf[BITS];
    REGISTER int r_off, bits;
    REGISTER char_type *bp = buf;

    if ( clear_flg > 0 || offset >= size || free_ent > maxcode )
	{
		/*
		 * If the next entry will be too big for the current code
		 * size, then we must increase the size.  This implies reading
		 * a new buffer full, too.
		 */
		if ( free_ent > maxcode )
		{
		    n_bits++;
		    if ( n_bits == maxbits )
				maxcode = maxmaxcode;	/* won't get any bigger now */
		    else
				maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits);
		}
		if ( clear_flg > 0)
		{
    	    maxcode = MAXCODE (n_bits = INIT_BITS);
		    clear_flg = 0;
		}
		size = fread( buf, (size_t)1, (size_t)n_bits, stdin );
		if ( size <= 0 )
		    return -1;			/* end of file */
		offset = 0;
		/* Round size down to integral number of codes */
		size = (size << 3) - (n_bits - 1);
    }
    r_off = offset;
    bits = n_bits;
#ifdef vax
    asm( "extzv   r10,r9,(r8),r11" );
#else /* not a vax */
	/*
	 * Get to the first byte.
	 */
	bp += (r_off >> 3);
	r_off &= 7;
	/* Get first part (low order bits) */
#ifdef NO_UCHAR
	code = ((*bp++ >> r_off) & rmask[8 - r_off]) & 0xff;
#else
	code = (*bp++ >> r_off);
#endif /* NO_UCHAR */
	bits -= (8 - r_off);
	r_off = 8 - r_off;		/* now, offset into code word */
	/* Get any 8 bit parts in the middle (<=1 for up to 16 bits). */
	if ( bits >= 8 )
	{
#ifdef NO_UCHAR
	    code |= (*bp++ & 0xff) << r_off;
#else
	    code |= *bp++ << r_off;
#endif /* NO_UCHAR */
	    r_off += 8;
	    bits -= 8;
	}
	/* high order bits. */
	code |= (*bp & rmask[bits]) << r_off;
#endif /* vax */
    offset += n_bits;

    return code;
}

#ifndef AZTEC86
char *
strrchr(s, c)		/* For those who don't have it in libc.a */
REGISTER char *s, c;
{
	char *p;
	for (p = NULL; *s; s++)
	    if (*s == c)
		p = s;
	return(p);
}
#endif


#ifndef METAWARE
#ifdef DEBUG
printcodes()
{
    /*
     * Just print out codes from input file.  For debugging.
     */
    code_int code;
    int col = 0, bits;

    bits = n_bits = INIT_BITS;
    maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits);
    free_ent = ((block_compress) ? FIRST : 256 );
    while ( ( code = getcode() ) >= 0 ) {
	if ( (code == CLEAR) && block_compress ) {
   	    free_ent = FIRST - 1;
   	    clear_flg = 1;
	}
	else if ( free_ent < maxmaxcode )
	    free_ent++;
	if ( bits != n_bits ) {
	    fprintf(stderr, "\nChange to %d bits\n", n_bits );
	    bits = n_bits;
	    col = 0;
	}
	fprintf(stderr, "%5d%c", code, (col+=6) >= 74 ? (col = 0, '\n') : ' ' );
    }
    putc( '\n', stderr );
    exit( 0 );
}
#ifdef DEBUG2
code_int sorttab[1<<BITS];	/* sorted pointers into htab */
#define STACK_SIZE	500
static char stack[STACK_SIZE];
/* dumptab doesn't use main stack now -prevents distressing crashes */
dump_tab()	/* dump string table */
{
    REGISTER int i, first;
    REGISTER ent;
    int stack_top = STACK_SIZE;
    REGISTER c;

    if(do_decomp == 0) {	/* compressing */
	REGISTER int flag = 1;

	for(i=0; i<hsize; i++) {	/* build sort pointers */
		if((long)htabof(i) >= 0) {
			sorttab[codetabof(i)] = i;
		}
	}
	first = block_compress ? FIRST : 256;
	for(i = first; i < free_ent; i++) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%5d: \"", i);
		stack[--stack_top] = '\n';
		stack[--stack_top] = '"'; /* " */
		stack_top = in_stack((int)(htabof(sorttab[i])>>maxbits)&0xff,
                                     stack_top);
		for(ent=htabof(sorttab[i]) & ((1<<maxbits)-1);
		    ent > 256;
		    ent=htabof(sorttab[ent]) & ((1<<maxbits)-1)) {
			stack_top = in_stack((int)(htabof(sorttab[ent]) >> maxbits),
						stack_top);
		}
		stack_top = in_stack(ent, stack_top);
		fwrite( &stack[stack_top], (size_t)1, (size_t)(STACK_SIZE-stack_top), stderr);
	   	stack_top = STACK_SIZE;
	}
   } else if(!debug) {	/* decompressing */

       for ( i = 0; i < free_ent; i++ ) {
	   ent = i;
	   c = tab_suffixof(ent);
	   if ( isascii(c) && isprint(c) )
	       fprintf( stderr, "%5d: %5d/'%c'  \"",
			   ent, tab_prefixof(ent), c );
	   else
	       fprintf( stderr, "%5d: %5d/\\%03o \"",
			   ent, tab_prefixof(ent), c );
	   stack[--stack_top] = '\n';
	   stack[--stack_top] = '"'; /* " */
	   for ( ; ent != NULL;
		   ent = (ent >= FIRST ? tab_prefixof(ent) : NULL) ) {
	       stack_top = in_stack(tab_suffixof(ent), stack_top);
	   }
	   fwrite( &stack[stack_top], (size_t)1, (size_t)(STACK_SIZE - stack_top), stderr );
	   stack_top = STACK_SIZE;
       }
    }
}

int
in_stack(c, stack_top)
	REGISTER int c, stack_top;
{
	if ( (isascii(c) && isprint(c) && c != '\\') || c == ' ' ) {
	    stack[--stack_top] = c;
	} else {
	    switch( c ) {
	    case '\n': stack[--stack_top] = 'n'; break;
	    case '\t': stack[--stack_top] = 't'; break;
	    case '\b': stack[--stack_top] = 'b'; break;
	    case '\f': stack[--stack_top] = 'f'; break;
	    case '\r': stack[--stack_top] = 'r'; break;
	    case '\\': stack[--stack_top] = '\\'; break;
	    default:
	 	stack[--stack_top] = '0' + c % 8;
	 	stack[--stack_top] = '0' + (c / 8) % 8;
	 	stack[--stack_top] = '0' + c / 64;
	 	break;
	    }
	    stack[--stack_top] = '\\';
	}
	if (stack_top<0) {
	    fprintf(stderr,"dump_tab stack overflow!!!\n");
	    exit(1);
	}
	return stack_top;
}
#else
dump_tab() {}
#endif /* DEBUG2 */
#endif /* DEBUG */
#endif /* METAWARE */

void writeerr()
{
    perror ( ofname );
    unlink ( ofname );
    exit ( 1 );
}

void copystat(ifname, ofname)
char *ifname, *ofname;
{
    struct stat statbuf;
    int mode;
#ifndef AZTEC86
    time_t timep[2];
#else
	unsigned long timep[2];
#endif
    fflush(stdout);
    close(fileno(stdout));
    if (stat(ifname, &statbuf))
	{		/* Get stat on input file */
		perror(ifname);
		return;
    }
#ifndef PCDOS
    /* meddling with UNIX-style file modes */
    if ((statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT/*0170000*/) != S_IFREG/*0100000*/)
	{
		if(quiet)
	    	fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", ifname);
		fprintf(stderr, " -- not a regular file: unchanged");
		exit_stat = 1;
    } else if (statbuf.st_nlink > 1)
	{
		if(quiet)
	    	fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", ifname);
		fprintf(stderr, " -- has %d other links: unchanged",
		statbuf.st_nlink - 1);
		exit_stat = 1;
    } else
#endif
	if (exit_stat == 2 && (!force))
	{ /* No compression: remove file.Z */
		if(!quiet)
			fprintf(stderr, " -- file unchanged");
    } else
	{			/* ***** Successful Compression ***** */
		exit_stat = 0;
#ifndef PCDOS
		mode = statbuf.st_mode & 07777;
#else
		mode = statbuf.st_attr & 07777;
#endif
		if (chmod(ofname, mode))		/* Copy modes */
		    perror(ofname);
#ifndef PCDOS
		chown(ofname, statbuf.st_uid, statbuf.st_gid);	/* Copy ownership */
		timep[0] = statbuf.st_atime;
		timep[1] = statbuf.st_mtime;
#else
		timep[0] = statbuf.st_mtime;
		timep[1] = statbuf.st_mtime;
#endif
		utime(ofname, (struct utimbuf *)timep);	/* Update last accessed and modified times */
/*
		if (unlink(ifname))
		    perror(ifname);
*/
		if(!quiet) {
		    if(do_decomp == 0)
			fprintf(stderr, " -- compressed to %s", ofname);
		    else
			fprintf(stderr, " -- decompressed to %s", ofname);
		}
		return;		/* Successful return */
    }

    /* Unsuccessful return -- one of the tests failed */
    if (unlink(ofname))
		perror(ofname);
}
/*
 * This routine returns 1 if we are running in the foreground and stderr
 * is a tty.
 */
int foreground()
{
#ifndef METAWARE
	if(bgnd_flag) {	/* background? */
		return(0);
	} else {			/* foreground */
#endif
		if(isatty(2)) {		/* and stderr is a tty */
			return(1);
		} else {
			return(0);
		}
#ifndef METAWARE
	}
#endif
}
#ifndef METAWARE
void onintr (dummy)
int dummy; /* to keep the compiler happy */
{
	(void)signal(SIGINT,SIG_IGN);
    unlink ( ofname );
    exit ( 1 );
}

void oops (dummy)	/* wild pointer -- assume bad input */
int dummy; /* to keep the compiler happy */
{
	(void)signal(SIGSEGV,SIG_IGN);
    if ( do_decomp == 1 )
    	fprintf ( stderr, "uncompress: corrupt input\n" );
    unlink ( ofname );
    exit ( 1 );
}
#endif
void cl_block ()		/* table clear for block compress */
{
    REGISTER long int rat;

    checkpoint = in_count + CHECK_GAP;
#ifdef DEBUG
	if ( debug ) {
    		fprintf ( stderr, "count: %ld, ratio: ", in_count );
     		prratio ( stderr, in_count, bytes_out );
		fprintf ( stderr, "\n");
	}
#endif /* DEBUG */

    if(in_count > 0x007fffff) {	/* shift will overflow */
	rat = bytes_out >> 8;
	if(rat == 0) {		/* Don't divide by zero */
	    rat = 0x7fffffff;
	} else {
	    rat = in_count / rat;
	}
    } else {
	rat = (in_count << 8) / bytes_out;	/* 8 fractional bits */
    }
    if ( rat > ratio ) {
	ratio = rat;
    } else {
	ratio = 0;
#ifdef DEBUG
	if(verbose)
		dump_tab();	/* dump string table */
#endif
 	cl_hash ( (count_int) hsize );
	free_ent = FIRST;
	clear_flg = 1;
	output ( (code_int) CLEAR );
#ifdef DEBUG
	if(debug)
    		fprintf ( stderr, "clear\n" );
#endif /* DEBUG */
    }
}

void cl_hash(hsize)		/* reset code table */
	REGISTER count_int hsize;
{
#ifdef AZTEC86
#ifdef PCDOS
	/* This function only in PC-DOS lib, not in MINIX lib */
	memset(htab,-1, hsize * sizeof(count_int));
#else
/* MINIX and all non-PC machines do it this way */
#ifndef XENIX_16	/* Normal machine */
	REGISTER count_int *htab_p = htab+hsize;
#else
	REGISTER j;
	REGISTER long k = hsize;
	REGISTER count_int *htab_p;
#endif
	REGISTER long i;
	REGISTER long m1 = -1;

#ifdef XENIX_16
    for(j=0; j<=8 && k>=0; j++,k-=8192)
	{
		i = 8192;
		if(k < 8192)
		{
			i = k;
		}
		htab_p = &(htab[j][i]);
		i -= 16;
		if(i > 0)
		{
#else
	i = hsize - 16;
#endif
	 	do
		{				/* might use Sys V memset(3) here */
			*(htab_p-16) = m1;
			*(htab_p-15) = m1;
			*(htab_p-14) = m1;
			*(htab_p-13) = m1;
			*(htab_p-12) = m1;
			*(htab_p-11) = m1;
			*(htab_p-10) = m1;
			*(htab_p-9) = m1;
			*(htab_p-8) = m1;
			*(htab_p-7) = m1;
			*(htab_p-6) = m1;
			*(htab_p-5) = m1;
			*(htab_p-4) = m1;
			*(htab_p-3) = m1;
			*(htab_p-2) = m1;
			*(htab_p-1) = m1;
			htab_p -= 16;
		} while ((i -= 16) >= 0);
#ifdef XENIX_16
		}
    }
#endif
	for ( i += 16; i > 0; i-- )
		*--htab_p = m1;
#endif
#endif
}

void prratio(stream, num, den)
FILE *stream;
long int num;
long int den;
{
	REGISTER int q;			/* Doesn't need to be long */
	if(num > 214748L)
	{		/* 2147483647/10000 */
		q = (int)(num / (den / 10000L));
	} else
	{
		q = (int)(10000L * num / den);		/* Long calculations, though */
	}
	if (q < 0)
	{
		putc('-', stream);
		q = -q;
	}
	fprintf(stream, "%d.%02d%c", q / 100, q % 100, '%');
}

void version()
{
	fprintf(stderr, "compress 4.1\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "Options: ");
#ifdef vax
	fprintf(stderr, "vax, ");
#endif
#ifdef __minix
	fprintf(stderr, "MINIX, ");
#endif
#ifdef NO_UCHAR
	fprintf(stderr, "NO_UCHAR, ");
#endif
#ifdef SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW
	fprintf(stderr, "SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW, ");
#endif
#ifdef XENIX_16
	fprintf(stderr, "XENIX_16, ");
#endif
#ifdef COMPATIBLE
	fprintf(stderr, "COMPATIBLE, ");
#endif
#ifdef DEBUG
	fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG, ");
#endif
#ifdef BSD4_2
	fprintf(stderr, "BSD4_2, ");
#endif
	fprintf(stderr, "BITS = %d\n", BITS);
}
/* End of text from uok.UUCP:net.sources */