xref: /freebsd-src/usr.sbin/spi/spi.8 (revision fa9896e082a1046ff4fbc75fcba4d18d1f2efc19)

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.Dd August 21, 2020
.Dt SPI 8
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm spi
.Nd communicate on SPI bus with slave devices
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Op Fl A
.Op Fl b
.Op Fl L
.Op Fl v
.Op Fl C Ar command-bytes
.Op Fl c Ar count
.Op Fl d Cm r Ns | Ns Cm w Ns | Ns Cm rw
.Op Fl f Ar device
.Op Fl m Ar mode
.Op Fl s Ar max-speed
.Nm
.Op Fl i
.Op Fl v
.Op Fl f Ar device
.Nm
.Op Fl h
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
utility can be used to perform raw data transfers
.Pq read, write, or simultaneous read/write
with devices on the SPI bus, via the
.Xr spigen 4
device.
.Pp
Each
.Xr spigen 4
device is associated with a specific
.Dq chip select
.Pq cs
pin on the spibus, and therefore needs to be specified.
If no device name is specified on the command line,
.Nm
assumes
.Dq spigen0.0 .
.Pp
For more information on the spigen device, see
.Xr spigen 4 .
.Pp
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width "-f device"
.It Fl A
Specifies ASCII mode.
Both read and write data is input and output as
2-character hexadecimal values, optionally separated by white space,
such as 00 01 02 etc.
When combined with the
.Fl b
flag, the data on stdin remains a sequence of ASCII hexadecimal
byte values, but the output reverts to binary mode.
.It Fl b
Binary
.Pq output
mode.
Only has an effect when
.Fl A
has been specified.
Reverts the output back to binary
.Pq rather than ASCII ,
while leaving the input format as-is.
Use in combination with
.Fl A
to allow using something like
.Dq echo
to pass hexadecimal values to the SPI device, but output the received data
on stdout as binary.
.It Fl C Ar command-bytes
Sends one or more command bytes,
skipping any bytes read-in during the transfer.
The byte values should be specified as a quoted parameter, similar to the
format for data on stdin for
.Fl A ,
that is, 2 character hexadecimal values, optionally separated by white space.
An SPI device will typically require that a command be sent, followed by
bytes of data.
You can use this option to send the command without receiving any data bytes
during the command sequence.
.It Fl c Ar count
The total number of bytes to transfer as a decimal integer.
If a write or a read/write transaction is being performed, and fewer than
this number of bytes are read in from stdin, the remaining bytes will be
sent with a value of
.Dq 0 .
If the length can be determined from the input file size, you can use a
.Ar count
value of
.Dq -1
to base the transfer on the input file's size.
.It Fl d Cm r Ns | Ns Cm w Ns | Ns Cm rw
Transfer direction: Use
.Cm r
for read,
.Cm w
for write, and
.Cm rw
for simultaneous read and write.
.It Fl f Ar device
SPI device to use
.Pq default is Pa /dev/spigen0 .
.It Fl h
Print help text to stderr, explaining the command line options.
.It Fl i
Displays information about the SPI device to stderr.
Whenever this flag is specified, no data is read or written, and the mode
and clock speed are not changed.
.It Fl L
LSB bit order.
The default is MSB, i.e., the highest order bit is
transmitted first.
Specifying
.Fl L
caused the LSB to be transmitted and read first.
.It Fl m Cm 0 Ns | Ns Cm 1 Ns | Ns Cm 2 Ns | Ns Cm 3
SPI mode, 0 through 3.
This defines the clock phase and timing with respect to reading and writing
data, as per the SPI specification.
.It Fl s Ar speed
Specify the maximum speed, in Hz, for the SPI clock.
The bus will operate at its highest available speed which does not
exceed this maximum.
.It Fl v
Specifies Verbose mode.
Diagnostics and information are written to stderr.
You can specify
.Fl v
more than once to increase verbosity.
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
Here are a few examples of using the spi utility:
.Bl -bullet
.It
Get information about the default SPI device
.Bd -literal
spi -i
.Ed
.It
Set the maximum clock speed to 200Khz and the mode to 3 on spigen0.1, but do
not transmit nor receive any data
.Bd -literal
spi -f spigen0.1 -s 200000 -m 3
.Ed
.It
Send a command sequence consisting of 2 bytes, and read 2 additional bytes
from the SPI device, using the current mode and speed on the default device
.Bd -literal
spi -d r -C "00 01" -c 2
.Ed
.It
Transmit a byte value of 5, and receive 2 bytes, displaying their values as
2-byte ASCII hexadecimal, with mode 2, and a maximum clock speed of 500khz.
.Bd -literal
echo "05" | spi -A -d rw -m 2 -s 500000 -c 2
.Ed
.It
Send a binary file, and output the SPI result through
.Xr od 1
as hexadecimal bytes, using the current maximum clock speed and SPI mode.
.Bd -literal
spi -d rw -c -1 <input_file.bin | od -An -t x1
.Ed
.It
Send 2 bytes of data, receive a total of 4 bytes, and output the SPI result
as binary data, piped through
.Xr od 1 ,
displaying it as two hexadecimal unsigned short integer values.
.Bd -literal
echo "00 01" | spi -A -b -d rw -c 4 | od -t x2
.Ed
.It
Query the manufacturer ID and size from a standard spiflash device, by
sending the command byte 0x9f and displaying the 3-byte reply in ASCII hex.
.Bd -literal
spi -f spigen0.0 -m 0 -s 1000000 -d r -c 3 -A -C 9f
.Ed
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr spigen 4
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
utility
appeared in
.Fx 11.3 .